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101. Childhood bullying involvement predicts low-grade systemic inflammation into adulthood

Author

Worthman, C., Lereya, S. T., Shanahan, L., Copeland, W. E., Wolke, D., and Costello, E. J.

Abstract

Bullying is a common childhood experience that affects children at all income levels and racial/ethnic groups. Being a bully victim has long-term adverse consequences on physical and mental health and financial functioning, but bullies themselves display few ill effects. Here, we show that victims suffer from greater increases in low-grade systemic inflammation from childhood to young adulthood than are seen in others. In contrast, bullies showed lower increases in inflammation into adulthood compared with those uninvolved in bullying. Elevated systemic low-grade inflammation is a mechanism by which this common childhood social adversity may get under the skin to affect adult health functioning, even many years later.

Published
2014
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103. The association of children’s mathematic abilities with both adults’ cognitive abilities and intrinsic fronto-parietal networks is altered in preterm-born individuals

Author

Bäuml, J. G., primary, Meng, C., additional, Daamen, M., additional, Baumann, N., additional, Busch, B., additional, Bartmann, P., additional, Wolke, D., additional, Boecker, H., additional, Wohlschläger, A., additional, Sorg, C., additional, and Jaekel, Julia, additional

Published
2016
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104. Common mental disorders in young adults born late-preterm

Author

Heinonen, K., primary, Kajantie, E., additional, Pesonen, A.-K., additional, Lahti, M., additional, Pirkola, S., additional, Wolke, D., additional, Lano, A., additional, Sammallahti, S., additional, Lahti, J., additional, Andersson, S., additional, Eriksson, J. G., additional, and Raikkonen, K., additional

Published
2016
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105. Gestational age and cognitive ability in early childhood: a population-based cohort study

Author

Poulsen, G, Wolke, D, Kurinczuk, JJ, Boyle, EM, Field, D, Alfirevic, Z, and Quigley, MA

Abstract

Background Recent studies suggest that children born at late preterm (34-36 weeks gestation) and early term (37-38 weeks) may have poorer developmental outcomes than children born at full term (39-41 weeks). We examined how gestational age is related to cognitive ability in early childhood using the UK Millennium Cohort Study. Methods Cognitive development was assessed using Bracken School Readiness Assessment at age 3 years, British Ability Scales II at ages 3, 5 and 7 years and Progress in Mathematics at age 7 years. Sample size varied according to outcome between 12 163 and 14 027. Each gestational age group was compared with the full-term group using differences in z-scores and risk ratios for scoring more than -1 SD below the mean. Results Children born at

Published
2013

111. Extensive and interrelated subcortical white and gray matter alterations in preterm-born adults

Author

Meng, C., primary, Bäuml, J. G., additional, Daamen, M., additional, Jaekel, J., additional, Neitzel, J., additional, Scheef, L., additional, Busch, B., additional, Baumann, N., additional, Boecker, H., additional, Zimmer, C., additional, Bartmann, P., additional, Wolke, D., additional, Wohlschläger, A. M., additional, and Sorg, Christian, additional

Published
2015
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113. Long term follow up of high risk children: who, why and how?

Author

Doyle, LW, Anderson, PJ, Battin, M, Bowen, JR, Brown, N, Callanan, C, Campbell, C, Chandler, S, Cheong, J, Darlow, B, Davis, PG, DePaoli, T, French, N, McPhee, A, Morris, S, O'Callaghan, M, Rieger, I, Roberts, G, Spittle, AJ, Wolke, D, Woodward, LJ, Doyle, LW, Anderson, PJ, Battin, M, Bowen, JR, Brown, N, Callanan, C, Campbell, C, Chandler, S, Cheong, J, Darlow, B, Davis, PG, DePaoli, T, French, N, McPhee, A, Morris, S, O'Callaghan, M, Rieger, I, Roberts, G, Spittle, AJ, Wolke, D, and Woodward, LJ

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Most babies are born healthy and grow and develop normally through childhood. There are, however, clearly identifiable high-risk groups of survivors, such as those born preterm or with ill-health, who are destined to have higher than expected rates of health or developmental problems, and for whom more structured and specialised follow-up programs are warranted. DISCUSSION: This paper presents the results of a two-day workshop held in Melbourne, Australia, to discuss neonatal populations in need of more structured follow-up and why, in addition to how, such a follow-up programme might be structured. Issues discussed included the ages of follow-up, and the personnel and assessment tools that might be required. Challenges for translating results into both clinical practice and research were identified. Further issues covered included information sharing, best practice for families and research gaps. SUMMARY: A substantial minority of high-risk children has long-term medical, developmental and psychological adverse outcomes and will consume extensive health and education services as they grow older. Early intervention to prevent adverse outcomes and the effective integration of services once problems are identified may reduce the prevalence and severity of certain outcomes, and will contribute to an efficient and effective use of health resources. The shared long-term goal for families and professionals is to work toward ensuring that high risk children maximise their potential and become productive and valued members of society.

Published
2014

114. Health-related quality of life for extremely low birth weight adolescents in Canada, Germany, and the Netherlands

Author

Verrips, E., Vogels, T., Saigal, S., Wolke, D., Meyer, R., Hoult, L., Verloove-Vanhorick, S.P., and TNO Kwaliteit van Leven

Subjects
Ontario, Time Factors, Adolescent, Extremely low birth weight, Health-related quality of life, Infant, Newborn, Cross-cultural, Health, Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight, Germany, Quality of Life, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Regression Analysis, Prospective Studies, Child, Netherlands, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

OBJECTIVE.The goal was to compare health-related quality of life of 12- to 16-year-old adolescents born at an extremely low birth weight in regional cohorts from Ontario (Canada), Bavaria (Germany), and the Netherlands. METHODS. Patients were extremely low birth weight survivors from Canada, Germany, and the Netherlands. Health-related quality of life was assessed with Health Utilities Index 3. Missing data were substituted by proxy reports. Differences in mean Health Utilities Index 3 scores were tested by using analysis of variance. Differences in the numbers of children with affected attributes were tested by using logistic regression analyses. RESULTS.Survival rates were similar;response rates varied between 71% and 90%. Significant differences in health-related quality of life were found between the cohorts, with Dutch children scoring highest on Health Utilities Index 3 and German children scoring lowest, independent of birth weight, gestational age, and cerebral palsy. Differences in mean utility scores were mainly attributable to differences in the cognition health attribute. Most of the results were corroborated by logistic regression analyses. CONCLUSIONS. There were significant differences between the 3 cohorts in health- related quality of life, not related to differences in birth weight, gestational age, or cerebral palsy. Survival and response rates alone cannot explain these differences. Copyright © 2008 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

Published
2008

122. Pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity and gestational diabetes as predictors of body composition in offspring twenty years later: evidence from two birth cohort studies

Author

Kaseva, N, Vääräsmäki, M, Matinolli, H-M, Sipola-Leppänen, M, Tikanmäki, M, Heinonen, K, Lano, A, Wolke, D, Andersson, S, Järvelin, M-R, Räikkönen, K, Eriksson, J G, and Kajantie, E

Abstract

Background:Global prevalence of overweight/obesity and gestational diabetes (GDM) is increasing. In pregnant women both conditions affect offspring’s later health. Overweight/obesity is a risk factor of GDM; to what extent maternal overweight/obesity explains long-term effects of GDM in offspring is unknown.Objective:To evaluate effects of maternal pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity (body mass index (BMI) ⩾25 kg m−2) and GDM, occurring together or separately, on body composition among adult offspring.Methods:Participants include 891 individuals aged 24.1 years (s.d. 1.4) from two longitudinal cohort studies (ESTER and AYLS). Adult offspring of normoglycemic mothers with overweight/obesity (ONOO, n=153), offspring of mothers with GDM (OGDM; n=191) and controls (n=547) underwent anthropometric measurements and bioimpedance analysis. Gestational diabetes mellitus was diagnosed by oral glucose tolerance test. Data were analyzed by linear regression models adjusted for confounders.Results:Compared with controls, ONOO-participants showed higher BMI (men 1.64 kg m−2(95% confidence interval 0.57, 2.72); women 1.41 kg m−2(0.20, 2.63)) and fat percentage (men 2.70% (0.99, 4.41); women 2.98% (0.87, 5.09)) with larger waist circumferences (men 3.34 cm (0.68, 5.99); women 3.09 cm (0.35, 5.83)). Likewise, OGDM-participants showed higher fat percentage (men 1.97% (0.32, 3.61); women 2.32% (0.24, 4.41)). Body mass index was non-significantly different between OGDM-participants and controls (men 0.88 kg m−2(−0.17, 1.92); women 0.82 kg m−2(−0.39, 2.04)). Also waist circumferences were larger (men 2.63 cm (−0.01, 5.28); women 3.39 cm (0.60, 6.18)); this difference was statistically significant in OGDM-women only. Differences in body composition measures were stronger among offspring of women with both GDM and overweight/obesity. For instance, fat mass was higher among OGDM-participants of overweight mothers (men 4.24 kg (1.36, 7.11) vs controls; women 5.22 kg (1.33, 9.11)) than OGDM participants of normal weight mothers (men 1.50 kg (−2.11, 5.11) higher vs controls; women 1.57 kg (−3.27, 6.42)).Conclusions:Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and GDM are associated with unhealthy body size and composition in offspring over 20 years later. Effects of maternal pre-pregnancy overweight appear more pronounced.

Published
2018
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