114 results on '"Winn, Virginia D."'
Search Results
102. Leukoregulin Induction of Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide H Synthase-2 in Human Orbital Fibroblasts
- Author
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Wang, Hwai-Shi, primary, Cao, H. James, additional, Winn, Virginia D., additional, Rezanka, Louis J., additional, Frobert, Yveline, additional, Evans, Charles H., additional, Sciaky, Daniela, additional, Young, Donald A., additional, and Smith, Terry J., additional
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- 1996
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103. Relative Activities of Retrovirally Expressed Murine Prostaglandin Synthase-1 and -2 Depend on Source of Arachidonic Acid
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Chulada, Patricia C., primary, Loftin, Charles D., additional, Winn, Virginia D., additional, Young, Donald A., additional, Tiano, Howard F., additional, Eling, Thomas E., additional, and Langenbach, Robert, additional
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- 1996
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104. Multiomics Characterization of Preterm Birth in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
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Jehan, Fyezah, Sazawal, Sunil, Baqui, Abdullah H., Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Dhingra, Usha, Khanam, Rasheda, Ilyas, Muhammad, Dutta, Arup, Mitra, Dipak K., Mehmood, Usma, Deb, Saikat, Mahmud, Arif, Hotwani, Aneeta, Ali, Said Mohammed, Rahman, Sayedur, Nizar, Ambreen, Ame, Shaali Makame, Moin, Mamun Ibne, Muhammad, Sajid, Chauhan, Aishwarya, Begum, Nazma, Khan, Waqasuddin, Das, Sayan, Ahmed, Salahuddin, Hasan, Tarik, Khalid, Javairia, Rizvi, Syed Jafar Raza, Juma, Mohammed Hamad, Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque, Kabir, Furqan, Aftab, Fahad, Quaiyum, Abdul, Manu, Alexander, Yoshida, Sachiyo, Bahl, Rajiv, Rahman, Anisur, Pervin, Jesmin, Winston, Jennifer, Musonda, Patrick, Stringer, Jeffrey S. A., Litch, James A., Ghaemi, Mohammad Sajjad, Moufarrej, Mira N., Contrepois, Kévin, Chen, Songjie, Stelzer, Ina A., Stanley, Natalie, Chang, Alan L., Hammad, Ghaith Bany, Wong, Ronald J., Liu, Candace, Quaintance, Cecele C., Culos, Anthony, Espinosa, Camilo, Xenochristou, Maria, Becker, Martin, Fallahzadeh, Ramin, Ganio, Edward, Tsai, Amy S., Gaudilliere, Dyani, Tsai, Eileen S., Han, Xiaoyuan, Ando, Kazuo, Tingle, Martha, Maric, Ivana, Wise, Paul H., Winn, Virginia D., Druzin, Maurice L., Gibbs, Ronald S., Darmstadt, Gary L., Murray, Jeffrey C., Shaw, Gary M., Stevenson, David K., Snyder, Michael P., Quake, Stephen R., Angst, Martin S., Gaudilliere, Brice, and Aghaeepour, Nima
- Abstract
IMPORTANCE: Worldwide, preterm birth (PTB) is the single largest cause of deaths in the perinatal and neonatal period and is associated with increased morbidity in young children. The cause of PTB is multifactorial, and the development of generalizable biological models may enable early detection and guide therapeutic studies. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ability of transcriptomics and proteomics profiling of plasma and metabolomics analysis of urine to identify early biological measurements associated with PTB. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This diagnostic/prognostic study analyzed plasma and urine samples collected from May 2014 to June 2017 from pregnant women in 5 biorepository cohorts in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs; ie, Matlab, Bangladesh; Lusaka, Zambia; Sylhet, Bangladesh; Karachi, Pakistan; and Pemba, Tanzania). These cohorts were established to study maternal and fetal outcomes and were supported by the Alliance for Maternal and Newborn Health Improvement and the Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth biorepositories. Data were analyzed from December 2018 to July 2019. EXPOSURES: Blood and urine specimens that were collected early during pregnancy (median sampling time of 13.6 weeks of gestation, according to ultrasonography) were processed, stored, and shipped to the laboratories under uniform protocols. Plasma samples were assayed for targeted measurement of proteins and untargeted cell-free ribonucleic acid profiling; urine samples were assayed for metabolites. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The PTB phenotype was defined as the delivery of a live infant before completing 37 weeks of gestation. RESULTS: Of the 81 pregnant women included in this study, 39 had PTBs (48.1%) and 42 had term pregnancies (51.9%) (mean [SD] age of 24.8 [5.3] years). Univariate analysis demonstrated functional biological differences across the 5 cohorts. A cohort-adjusted machine learning algorithm was applied to each biological data set, and then a higher-level machine learning modeling combined the results into a final integrative model. The integrated model was more accurate, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.72-0.91) compared with the models derived for each independent biological modality (transcriptomics AUROC, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.61-0.83]; metabolomics AUROC, 0.59 [95% CI, 0.47-0.72]; and proteomics AUROC, 0.75 [95% CI, 0.64-0.85]). Primary features associated with PTB included an inflammatory module as well as a metabolomic module measured in urine associated with the glutamine and glutamate metabolism and valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis pathways. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: This study found that, in LMICs and high PTB settings, major biological adaptations during term pregnancy follow a generalizable model and the predictive accuracy for PTB was augmented by combining various omics data sets, suggesting that PTB is a condition that manifests within multiple biological systems. These data sets, with machine learning partnerships, may be a key step in developing valuable predictive tests and intervention candidates for preventing PTB.
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- 2020
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105. A Novel Stem Cell Model to Study Preeclampsia Endothelial Dysfunction.
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Wu Y, Sun T, Medina P, Narasimhan P, Stevenson DK, Von Versen-Höynck F, Armstrong J, Wu JC, Sayed N, and Winn VD
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Preeclampsia is a common pregnancy complication affecting 5% to 7% of all pregnancies worldwide annually. While the pathogenesis is not fully understood, maternal endothelium dysfunction is thought to be a central component to preeclampsia development. Studies to dissect maternal endothelial dysfunction, particularly on a patient-specific basis, are hampered by limited access to systemic primary endothelial cells (ECs). The objective of this study was to establish a replenishable, patient-specific in vitro EC model to allow robust mechanistic studies to dissect endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from three women with a history of normotensive pregnancies were differentiated into ECs. The established ECs were exposed to pooled sera from normotensive pregnancies, preeclamptic pregnancies, normotensive postpartum for non-pregnant comparison and controls. Endothelial functions including nitric oxide (NO) release, cell migration, tube formation and viability were evaluated. Levels of NO release were significantly lower after incubation with preeclamptic sera compared to the fetal bovine serum (FBS) control, and normotensive and non-pregnant (postpartum) sera treatments were also lower than FBS but higher than preeclamptic sera treatments. Tube formation and cell migration were also impaired with preeclamptic sera compared to FBS controls. Cell viabilities remained unaffected by any sera treatment. Consistent outcomes were obtained across all three patient-specific lines treated with the same pooled sera. Establishment of patient-derived iPSC-ECs treated with pregnancy sera serves as a novel model to explore the interplay between individual maternal endothelial health and circulating factors that lead to endothelial dysfunction in preeclampsia., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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106. CXCL12 drives natural variation in coronary artery anatomy across diverse populations.
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Rios Coronado PE, Zanetti D, Zhou J, Naftaly JA, Prabala P, Martínez Jaimes AM, Farah EN, Fan X, Kundu S, Deshpande SS, Evergreen I, Kho PF, Hilliard AT, Abramowitz S, Pyarajan S, Dochtermann D, Damrauer SM, Chang KM, Levin MG, Winn VD, Paşca AM, Plomondon ME, Waldo SW, Tsao PS, Kundaje A, Chi NC, Clarke SL, Red-Horse K, and Assimes TL
- Abstract
To efficiently distribute blood flow to cardiac muscle, the coronary artery tree must follow a specific branching pattern over the heart. How this pattern arises in humans is unknown due to the limitations of studying human heart development. Here, we leveraged a natural variation of coronary artery anatomy, known as coronary dominance, in genetic association studies to identify the first known driver of human coronary developmental patterning. Coronary dominance refers to whether the right, left, or both coronary arteries branch over the posterior left ventricle, but whether this variability is heritable and how it would be genetically regulated was completely unknown. By conducting the first large-scale, multi-ancestry genome-wide association study (GWAS) of coronary dominance in 61,043 participants of the VA Million Veteran Program, we observed moderate heritability (27.7%) with ten loci reaching genome wide significance. An exceptionally strong association mapped DNA variants to a non-coding region near the chemokine CXCL12 in both European and African ancestries, which overlapped with variants associated with coronary artery disease. Genomic analyses predicted these variants to impact CXCL12 levels, and imaging revealed dominance to develop during fetal life coincident with CXCL12 expression. Reducing Cxcl12 in mice to model the human genetics altered septal artery dominance patterns and caused coronary branches to develop away from Cxcl12 expression domains. Cxcl12 heterozygosity did not compromise overall artery coverage as seen with full deletion, but instead changed artery patterning, reminiscent of the human scenario. Together, our data support CXCL12 as a critical determinant of human coronary artery growth and patterning and lay a foundation for the utilization of developmental pathways to guide future precision 'medical revascularization' therapeutics., Competing Interests: Competing interests: A.K. is on the scientific advisory board of SerImmune, TensorBio and OpenTargets, and a consultant with Arcadia Science and Inari Agriculture. A.K. was a scientific co-founder of RavelBio, a paid consultant with Illumina, was on the SAB of PatchBio and owns shares in DeepGenomics, Immunai, Freenome, and Illumina. All other authors declare they have no competing interests.
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- 2024
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107. Solving the Puzzle of Preterm Birth.
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Stevenson DK, Winn VD, Shaw GM, England SK, and Wong RJ
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- Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Premature Birth epidemiology
- Abstract
Solving the puzzle of preterm birth has been challenging and will require novel integrative solutions as preterm birth likely arises from many etiologies. It has been demonstrated that many sociodemographic and psychological determinants of preterm birth relate to its complex biology. It is this understanding that has enabled the development of a novel preventative strategy, which integrates the omics profile (genome, epigenome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome, microbiome) with sociodemographic, environmental, and psychological determinants of individual pregnant people to solve the puzzle of preterm birth., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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108. Cell-Free Nucleic Acids for Early Prediction of Preeclampsia.
- Author
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Moufarrej MN, Winn VD, and Quake SR
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- Pregnancy, Humans, Female, Placenta, Blood Pressure, Cell-Free Nucleic Acids genetics, Pre-Eclampsia, Hypertension
- Abstract
Purpose of Review: This review summarizes the potential of cell-free nucleic acids for predicting preeclampsia, contrasts them with other methods, and discusses these findings' relevance to preeclampsia's pathogenesis and care., Recent Findings: Recent studies have demonstrated the utility of cell-free nucleic acids in early preeclampsia risk prediction. Encouragingly, nucleic acid measurement exhibits similar or better sensitivity as compared to standard screening assays and furthermore sheds light on preeclampsia's underlying placental biology. Over the past decade, liquid biopsies measuring cell-free nucleic acids have found diverse applications, including in prenatal care. Recent advances have extended their utility to predict preeclampsia, a major cause of maternal mortality. These assays assess methylation patterns in cell-free DNA (cfDNA) or gene levels in cell-free RNA (cfRNA). Currently, preeclampsia care focuses on blood pressure control, seizure prevention, and delivery. If validated, early prediction of preeclampsia through liquid biopsies can improve maternal health and deepen our understanding of its causes., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
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- 2024
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109. Corrigendum: Advances and potential of omics studies for understanding the development of food allergy.
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Sindher SB, Chin AR, Aghaeepour N, Prince L, Maecker H, Shaw GM, Stevenson D, Nadeau KC, Snyder M, Khatri P, Boyd SD, Winn VD, Angst MS, and Chinthrajah RS
- Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1149008.]., (© 2024 Sindher, Chin, Aghaeepour, Prince, Maecker, Shaw, Stevenson, Nadeau, Snyder, Khatri, Boyd, Winn, Angst and Chinthrajah.)
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- 2024
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110. A spatially resolved timeline of the human maternal-fetal interface.
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Greenbaum S, Averbukh I, Soon E, Rizzuto G, Baranski A, Greenwald NF, Kagel A, Bosse M, Jaswa EG, Khair Z, Kwok S, Warshawsky S, Piyadasa H, Goldston M, Spence A, Miller G, Schwartz M, Graf W, Van Valen D, Winn VD, Hollmann T, Keren L, van de Rijn M, and Angelo M
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- Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Arteries physiology, Decidua blood supply, Decidua cytology, Decidua immunology, Decidua physiology, Pregnancy Trimester, First genetics, Pregnancy Trimester, First metabolism, Pregnancy Trimester, First physiology, Time Factors, Proteomics, Gene Expression Profiling, Datasets as Topic, Gestational Age, Trophoblasts cytology, Trophoblasts immunology, Trophoblasts physiology, Uterus blood supply, Uterus cytology, Uterus immunology, Uterus physiology, Maternal-Fetal Exchange genetics, Maternal-Fetal Exchange immunology, Maternal-Fetal Exchange physiology
- Abstract
Beginning in the first trimester, fetally derived extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) invade the uterus and remodel its spiral arteries, transforming them into large, dilated blood vessels. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain how EVTs coordinate with the maternal decidua to promote a tissue microenvironment conducive to spiral artery remodelling (SAR)
1-3 . However, it remains a matter of debate regarding which immune and stromal cells participate in these interactions and how this evolves with respect to gestational age. Here we used a multiomics approach, combining the strengths of spatial proteomics and transcriptomics, to construct a spatiotemporal atlas of the human maternal-fetal interface in the first half of pregnancy. We used multiplexed ion beam imaging by time-of-flight and a 37-plex antibody panel to analyse around 500,000 cells and 588 arteries within intact decidua from 66 individuals between 6 and 20 weeks of gestation, integrating this dataset with co-registered transcriptomics profiles. Gestational age substantially influenced the frequency of maternal immune and stromal cells, with tolerogenic subsets expressing CD206, CD163, TIM-3, galectin-9 and IDO-1 becoming increasingly enriched and colocalized at later time points. By contrast, SAR progression preferentially correlated with EVT invasion and was transcriptionally defined by 78 gene ontology pathways exhibiting distinct monotonic and biphasic trends. Last, we developed an integrated model of SAR whereby invasion is accompanied by the upregulation of pro-angiogenic, immunoregulatory EVT programmes that promote interactions with the vascular endothelium while avoiding the activation of maternal immune cells., (© 2023. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2023
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111. Maternal Height and Risk of Preeclampsia among Race/Ethnic Groups.
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Marić I, Mayo JA, Druzin ML, Wong RJ, Winn VD, Stevenson DK, and Shaw GM
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- Adult, Body Mass Index, California, Ethnicity, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Pre-Eclampsia ethnology, Pregnancy, Racial Groups, Risk Factors, Body Height ethnology, Pre-Eclampsia physiopathology
- Abstract
Objective: Shorter maternal height has been associated with preeclampsia risk in several populations. It has been less evident whether an independent contribution to the risk exists from maternal height consistently across different races/ethnicities. We investigated associations between maternal height and risk of preeclampsia for different races/ethnicities., Study Design: California singleton live births from 2007 to 2011 were analyzed. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios for the association between height and preeclampsia after stratification by race/ethnicity. To determine the contribution of height that is as independent of body composition as possible, we performed one analysis adjusted for body mass index (BMI) and the other for weight. Additional analyses were performed stratified by parity, and the presence of preexisting/gestational diabetes and autoimmune conditions., Results: Among 2,138,012 deliveries, 3.1% preeclampsia/eclampsia cases were observed. The analysis, adjusted for prepregnancy weight, revealed an inverse relation between maternal height and risk of mild and severe preeclampsia/eclampsia. When the analysis was adjusted for BMI, an inverse relation between maternal height was observed for severe preeclampsia/eclampsia. These associations were observed for each race/ethnicity., Conclusion: Using a large and diverse cohort, we demonstrated that shorter height, irrespective of prepregnancy weight or BMI, is associated with an increased risk of severe preeclampsia/eclampsia across different races/ethnicities., Competing Interests: None., (Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.)
- Published
- 2019
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112. Pregnancy amelioration of arthritis in SKG mice corresponds with alterations in serum amyloid A3 levels.
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Shaw LA, Stefanski AL, Peterson LK, Rumer KK, Vondracek A, Phang TL, Sakaguchi S, Winn VD, and Dragone LL
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OBJECTIVES: Pregnancy leads to rheumatoid arthritis remission in humans. The objective of this study was to determine if the SKG mouse could serve as a model for pregnancy-associated inflammatory arthritis amelioration. In addition, the maternal peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) transcriptome was assessed to define a biomarker associated with remission. METHODS: Cohorts of zymosan-treated pregnant SKG mice and controls were monitored for arthritis progression. Microarray analysis evaluated alterations in gene expression in maternal PBMCs at embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5) between arthritic and pregnancy-remitted mice. A selected target, serum amyloid A3 (SAA3), was further investigated using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Pregnancy resulted in complete or partial remission in the majority of the zymosan-treated SKG mice. Twenty-seven transcripts were differentially expressed in the PBMCs between arthritic and pregnancy-remitted mice. Expression and plasma SAA3 levels decreased with pregnancy-induced arthritis amelioration and plasma SAA3 levels correlated with arthritis severity. CONCLUSIONS: These results establish the SKG mouse as a model system to study pregnancy-induced amelioration of arthritis. These studies also establish SAA3 as a biomarker of arthritis amelioration in SKG mice. This model can be used to elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the impact of pregnancy on the maternal immune system that results in arthritis amelioration.
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- 2012
113. Uterine torsion in delayed diagnosis of abnormal anterior placentation: a report of 2 cases.
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Metz T, Trierweiler M, Arrigo AM, and Winn VD
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- Adult, Cesarean Section, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Placenta Accreta, Placenta Previa, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications diagnostic imaging, Torsion Abnormality complications, Torsion Abnormality diagnostic imaging, Ultrasonography, Uterine Diseases complications, Uterine Diseases diagnostic imaging, Placentation, Pregnancy Complications diagnosis, Torsion Abnormality diagnosis, Uterine Diseases diagnosis
- Abstract
Background: Uterine torsion has been associated with a variety of adverse outcomes ranging from fetal distress to maternal death. Uterine torsion has also been reported in otherwise uncomplicated pregnancies., Cases: We report 2 cases of uterine torsion with abnormal anterior placentation identified at cesarean section, which had previously been disguised as posterior placenta previas., Conclusion: Given the increased risk of placenta accreta with an anterior placenta and prior cesarean scar, uterine position should be considered in the evaluation of a presumed posterior placenta, particularly with ultrasound findings suggestive of accreta such as placental lakes.
- Published
- 2009
114. Echogenic intracardiac focus: potential for misdiagnosis.
- Author
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Winn VD, Sonson J, and Filly RA
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- Adult, Diagnosis, Differential, False Positive Reactions, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Pregnancy, Fetal Diseases diagnostic imaging, Fetal Heart diagnostic imaging, Heart Diseases diagnostic imaging, Ultrasonography, Prenatal
- Abstract
Objective: To assess the potential rate of specular reflectors within the fetal heart producing reflections of sufficient amplitude to be mistaken for echogenic intracardiac foci., Methods: Between July 1999 and December 2000, 200 patients were randomly selected from the University of California, San Francisco, perinatal database who met the following criteria: (1) had singleton pregnancy, (2) delivered at University of California, San Francisco, and (3) had obstetric sonography at University of California, San Francisco, between 18 and 22 weeks' gestation. Bright focal reflections within the heart were judged to be either "true" or "false" echogenic intracardiac foci., Results: In this population of patients who underwent routine obstetric sonography at a tertiary care hospital, the rate of true echogenic intracardiac focus cases was 11 per 200 (5.5%). The rate of false echogenic intracardiac focus cases was 34 per 200 (17%). The most common locations for identification of a spurious echogenic intracardiac focus were the endocardial cushion, the moderator band, and the tricuspid valve annulus., Conclusions: A specular reflection from the moderator band was judged the false echogenic intracardiac focus most likely to fool examiners. The rate of specular reflection from the moderator band was 11 per 200 (5.5%). Because it is possible to generate a specular reflection from an interface in the fetal heart in virtually any patient, it is important to exercise caution before diagnosing an echogenic intracardiac focus.
- Published
- 2003
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