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This study aims to examine the impact of gamification on financial knowledge through student enjoyment and student engagement. This study employed a quantitative approach and used a survey to examine the relationships between variables. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling, with 289 students who have previously received financial education at a public university participating as respondents. The research instrument utilized a questionnaire developed based on prior studies. The results were tested using Variational Bayesian Structural Equation Modeling (VB-SEM) to analyze the influence between variables. The findings showed that gamification had a positive impact on student enjoyment and student engagement. This study demonstrates that gamification does not directly influence students' financial knowledge. Student engagement fully mediated the effect of gamification on students' financial knowledge, whereas enjoyment does not affect students' financial knowledge. This study underscores the importance of fostering student engagement in gamification to enhance financial knowledge. The implications of this research include strengthening student engagement through various strategies, such as apperception, motivation, and interaction during the use of gamification in financial education.

Abstract While rapid demographic changes in Asia are driving the incidence of chronic aging-related diseases, the limited availability of high-quality in vivo data hampers our ability to understand complex multi-factorial contributions, including gut microbial, to healthy aging. Leveraging a well-phenotyped cohort of community-living octogenarians in Singapore, we used deep shotgun-metagenomic sequencing for high-resolution taxonomic and functional characterization of their gut microbiomes (n = 234). Joint species-level analysis with other Asian cohorts identified distinct age-associated shifts characterized by reduction in microbial richness, and specific Alistipes and Bacteroides species enrichment (e.g., Alistipes shahii and Bacteroides xylanisolvens). Functional analysis confirmed these changes correspond to metabolic potential expansion in aging towards alternate pathways synthesizing and utilizing amino-acid precursors, vis-à-vis dominant microbial guilds producing butyrate in gut from pyruvate (e.g., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia inulinivorans). Extending these observations to key clinical markers helped identify >10 robust microbial associations to inflammation, cardiometabolic and liver health, including potential probiotic species (e.g., Parabacteroides goldsteinii) and pathobionts (e.g., Klebsiella pneumoniae), highlighting the microbiome’s role as biomarkers and potential targets for promoting healthy aging.

Technology in learning has a very important role. The history learning process will take place effectively with the use of technology. The limitation of learning resources in prehistoric learning is a problem that must be solved. This is the reason for developing a learning model based on roaming historical sites virtually, without having to go directly to the location. This is considered effective considering the remote location of the site, the lack of historical teaching aids, and the lack of analytical knowledge of students and teachers. The area that stores the location of historic sites in prehistoric times is in the province of South Kalimantan, where this province stores dozens of prehistoric sites that require conservation efforts, and the form of preservation is through education by digitizing sites with learning technology. This research uses development research with stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation (ADDIE). In this study developing a learning model that combines discovery learning with Jaraskala which is assisted by Petersphere media. The findings of this study include two things, first regarding prehistoric data in South Kalimantan, the second is the design of a history learning model using technology-based sites.

Contemporary scholars have called for more diverse conceptions and practices of alternative 'democratic' education to contest the increasingly neoliberal and neoconservative educational systems. The current study responds to this call by exploring how the notion of 'democratic' education can be enriched using the contextual practices of education in Indonesia. Co-constructing qualitative data through site visits, document analysis, and interviews with leaders of five uniquely 'democratic' Indonesian schools, the current study seeks to expand the 'thin' understandings of democratic education characterised by ostensibly universal democratic virtues such as freedom, equality, social justice, and participation. Exploring what democratic education looks like when understood through the collective sensibilities of Indonesians, analysis revealed at least three alternative constructions of democratic education practiced by participating schools, namely, locally-grounded, embodied, and spiritual democratic education. By identifying and circulating these alternative constructions, it is hoped that the notions of democratic education might be continuously reimagined and diversified.

Purpose: Utilizing the Social Cognitive Theory framework, this research aims to illuminate how self-efficacy acts as a mediating factor, enhancing employability among working university students by fostering essential capabilities in digital leadership and intercultural competence. Design/methodology/approach: Quantitative study with 206 working undergraduates from an Indonesian university. Questionnaires and structural equation modeling (SEM) with SPSS and SmartPLS were used. Findings: Findings showed that working undergraduate students possess a high level of digital leadership capability and intercultural competence and tend to display increased confidence in their ability to perform challenging tasks and attain anticipated outcomes, thereby enhancing their employability. The integration of these skills, coupled with a solid self-efficacy belief, emerges as a powerful combination in the modern employment landscape in the digital transformation and Artificial Intelligence age. Research limitations/implications: This research is conducted in one university in Indonesia, potentially limiting its generalizability. Future studies could expand its regions to multiple universities across different countries for a more comprehensive implication. Practical implications: This research answered the call for strategies from the university level on enhancing the development of essential competencies for working undergraduate students' employability. It further highlights the necessity for shaping the curriculum to prioritize digital leadership capability, intercultural competence, and the cultivation of self-efficacy among working students. Social implications: This insight of the research has profound social implications, indicating that educational institutions must adapt their curricula to prioritize these competencies. By doing so, universities can better prepare students to navigate the complexities of the modern workplace, thereby contributing to a workforce that is not only technologically proficient but also culturally adept and resilient in the face of challenges. This adaptation is essential for fostering a generation of graduates who are well-equipped to contribute positively to a diverse and rapidly evolving labor market, ultimately benefiting both the individuals and the wider society by promoting economic development and cultural understanding. Originality/value: Adopting a quantitative approach, this research offers a data-driven lens of employability determinants, deepening the understanding of how intertwined competencies shape employment outcomes in the AI age.

This research explores the application and potential of batik business actors in the implications of the circular economy (CE) model in Pekalongan, Indonesia. As a prominent cultural heritage, the batik industry is essential to the regional economy. However, conventional linear production and consumption practices have resulted in environmental challenges, resource depletion, and waste generation. By embracing CE principles that emphasize resource efficiency, waste reduction, and closed-loop systems, the batik industry in Pekalongan can develop sustainable and environmentally responsible practices. This study examines critical aspects of CE implementation, starting with community participation in the batik, drawing insights from successful CE implementation in other industries. The implementation of CE in other industries is the role of business actors in the business chain outside Kampong. This paper analyzes the potential benefits and challenges of implementing CE in the Pekalongan batik industry and the role of stakeholders in promoting circularity. By highlighting the feasibility of the CE model, the results of this research are that the level of community participation in implementing a CE has not been maximized with the potential remaining production output so that this aspect of the condition becomes a sustainable opportunity to encourage sustainable practices in the Pekalongan batik industry.

Isoniazid (INH) is a frontline antituberculosis agent effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), but the increasing challenge of avoiding multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, including INH resistance, necessitates innovative approaches. This study focused on enhancing macrophage phagocytosis to overcome INH resistance. Glucomannan, an immunomodulatory polysaccharide, emerged as a potential macrophage activator. Our objective was to characterize the glucomannan-INH mixture and assess its impact on INH efficacy and macrophage activity. Detailed examination of the glucomannan from Amorphophallus muelleri (0.05%–0.2%) was performed in several methods. INH sensitivity tests were carried out with the Mtb strain H37RV on Löwenstein–Jensen medium. Murine macrophage (RAW264.7) viability and activity were evaluated through MTT and latex bead phagocytosis assays. Ultraviolet-wavelength spectrophotometry was used to analyze chemical structure changes. Glucomannan (0.05%–0.2%) significantly enhanced murine macrophage viability and activity. When glucomannan was combined with INH, the IC50 value was greater compared to INH only. Phagocytosis assays revealed heightened macrophage activity in the presence of 0.05% and 0.1% glucomannan. Importantly, glucomannan did not compromise INH efficacy or alter its chemical structure. This study underscores the potential of glucomannan, particularly with a lower molecular weight, as a promising enhancer of INH, boosting macrophage phagocytosis against INH-resistant Mtb. These findings challenge the assumptions about the impact of glucomannan on drug absorption and prompt potential reevaluation. While specific receptors for glucomannan in macrophage phagocytosis require further exploration, the complement receptors are proposed to be potential mediators.

Background and Study Aim. Foot health and physical fitness in children are closely interconnected, playing a vital role in ensuring their overall well-being and performance. This study aims to determine the relationship between flat feet, body balance, and physical performance of junior high school students. Material and Methods. A total of 109 junior high school students from five schools in Surabaya, Indonesia, with ages ranging from 12 to 14 years, participated in this research. Data collection was through the wet footprint test, stork standing balance test, Bass test, Y-agility Test, and Illinois Change of Direction Test. The correlation of flat feet with static and dynamic balance and physical performance in the school environment was analyzed using the non-parametric Spearman Rank statistical test. Results. The results showed significant relationships between foot grade and static balance, dynamic balance, agility, and change of direction. These relationships were indicated by correlation coefficients that showed statistical significance at p < 0.05. Additionally, static and dynamic balance exhibited a negative correlation, while agility and change of direction showed a positive correlation. This suggests that higher foot grades corresponded to longer durations in static and dynamic balance tests and shorter completion times in agility and change of direction tasks. Conclusions. The findings of this study highlight the importance of investigating the relationship between flat feet, body balance, and physical performance among junior high school students. Understanding these correlations is crucial for optimizing the overall well-being and performance of adolescents.

With the rapid globalization occurring all around the globe, educational landscapes also underwent some dramatic shifts. One of those notable shifts is the rapid transition from teacher to student-centered approach. In Indonesian EFL productive language learning contexts; speaking and writing, problem-based learning activities can enable learners to be more confident, autonomous, spirited, and proficient speakers as well as writers. This present qualitative study was plied in the support of document analysis by integrating 30 prior problem-based learning studies held in our archipelago in order to encourage Indonesian ELT experts, practitioners, and policy-makers to start to incorporate this student-centered learning approach in their both speaking and writing learning vicinities. The obtained results revealed 3 positive L2 productive language-learning merits potentially promoted by problem-based learning activities namely: (1) Learners can be more productive L2 academicians, (2) Learners transformed into more high quality and autonomous L2 writers, and (3) Learners progressively became more confident as well as proficient L2 speakers. Following all of these 3 core beneficial productive L2 learning values, contextual, hands-on, and pleasurable problem-based learning design should be well established at the commencement of speaking and writing learning activities to disseminate more holistic learning outcomes progressively for learners.

Desa Borong Pa'la'la di Kecamatan Pattallasang, Kabupaten Gowa, memiliki lahan pertanian dan perkebunan, termasuk sawah dan tanaman hortikultura. Dengan jumlah penduduk 300 jiwa (136 pria dan 164 wanita) dan 30 kepala keluarga, desa ini berupaya meningkatkan perekonomian melalui pengembangan produk dari limbah bambu. Dalam kegiatan sosialisasi dan FGD, disampaikan apresiasi atas bantuan teknologi inovatif yang diterima Kelompok Tani Sumbarrang, dihadiri 20 anggota kelompok. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah memberikan pelatihan kepada Kelompok Tani Sumbarrang agar dapat menghasilkan produk briket arang dan asap cair dari limbah bambu, guna meningkatkan nilai jual dan menambah penghasilan masyarakat. Program ini juga mencakup pengemasan yang lebih higienis, pelabelan, dan desain kemasan menarik. Kegiatan ini dilakukan secara bertahap dengan observasi awal oleh tim PKM, diikuti pembinaan dan pendampingan intensif. Partisipasi aktif mitra diharapkan dapat mendukung keberlanjutan program, sehingga mereka mampu mengolah limbah bambu menjadi produk bernilai jual tinggi. Melalui teknologi pembakaran ini, petani di Dusun Sumbarrang diharapkan lebih terampil, mampu meningkatkan produksi asap cair dan arang, serta memanfaatkan e-commerce untuk pemasaran produk. Program ini bertujuan menginspirasi dan mendorong masyarakat terus berinovasi serta menghasilkan produk yang bermanfaat bagi masyarakat luas.

Abstract Objectives In recent years, there has been much discussion and research on electronic nose (e-nose). This topic has developed mainly in the medical and food fields. Typically, e-nose is combined with machine learning algorithms to predict or detect multiple sensory classes in each tea sample. Therefore, in e-nose systems, e-nose signal processing is an important part. In many situations, a comprehensive set of experiments is required to ensure the prediction model can be generalized well. This data set specifically focuses on two main goals such as classification of green tea quality and prediction of organoleptic score. In this experiment, Gambung dry green tea samples were used. The challenge is that dry tea does not emit as strong an aroma as tea infusions, making it more difficult for the e-nose system to detect and identify the aromas. This data set offers a valuable resource for researchers and developers to conduct investigations and experiments by classifying and detecting organoleptic scores that aim to categorize and identify organoleptic ratings. This enables a deeper understanding of the quality of dry green tea and encourages further integration of e-nose technology in the tea industry. Data description This experiment focused on analyzing green tea aroma using six gas sensors. Seventy-eight green tea samples were tested, each observed three times, using a tea chamber connected to a sensor chamber via a hose and an intake micro air pump. Air flowed from the tea chamber to the sensor chamber for 60 s, followed by 60 s of aroma data recording. This data was saved into CSV files and labeled according to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 3945:2016, which includes special and general requirements for green tea quality. An organoleptic test by a tea tester further labeled the data set into “good” or “quality defect” for classification and provided organoleptic scores based on dry appearance, brew color, taste, aroma, and dregs of brewing for continuous label.

Sriwulan Village, located in Limbangan District, Kendal Regency, is home to both cattle farmers and several Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The village has a farmer group named Ngudi Kawruh, managing around 20 cows. However, cow dung in the area has become a source of air pollution, and the four MSMEs still rely on Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) for production. One effective solution to this issue is converting cow dung into biogas, which offers both environmental and economic benefits. This community service program aims to introduce appropriate technology for processing cow dung into biogas using biodigesters. The biogas is stored in portable containers, such as truck inner tires, while the biodigester output, in the form of slurry, is utilized as solid organic fertilizer. The program provides education on these concepts through posters, videos, demonstrations, and YouTube links to ensure broad community understanding. By implementing this technology, the program not only addresses environmental concerns and reduces dependence on LPG but also significantly enhances the economic potential of both the villagers and MSME entrepreneurs, promoting sustainable development.