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Objective: For enhancing the flavor characteristics and nutritional value of crayfish balls, and enriching the diversity of crayfish processed products. Methods: Determined the process of preparing the enzymatic hydrolysate from crayfish shell using compound enzymatic by single-factor and orthogonal array design. The nutritional quality of crayfish whole balls containing enzyme hydrolysate lyophilized powder and crayfish meat was analyzed. Results: The optimum condition for the preparation of crayfish shells enzymatic hydrolysate solution showed that 1 g crayfish shells powder with 0.5 mL of lactic acid was pretreated at 60 ℃ for 40 min. The dosage of compound enzymatic （papain and flavor protease mass ratio was 3∶1） was 5% （mass fraction）, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature was 60 ℃, time was 4 h, and solid/liquid ratio was 1∶100 （g/mL）, and the protein extraction efficiency in the enzymatic hydrolysis was 64.69%. The content of heavy metals in enzyme hydrolysate lyophilized powder was in line with the limit of heavy metals in aquatic products, and contains calcium, magnesium, iron, selenium and other macro and trace elements required by the human body. Its composition analysis showed that the enzymatic hydrolysate lyophilized powder had a certain nutritional value, which could increase the fresh flavor of the food and met the safety standards. The nutrition and texture analysis of crayfish balls showed that the crayfish whole balls had high protein content, rich in a variety of amino acids, comprehensive in nutrition, unique flavor, and with good viscoelasticity and chewiness. Conclusion: The crayfish whole balls added with crayfish shell enzyme hydrolysate lyophilized powder and crayfish meat have a certain nutritional value, which enriches the variety of crayfish ready-to-eat products, improves the utilization rate of whole crayfish.

In this paper, in the context of rural revitalization + data platform, a grassroots employment platform for college students is designed according to the data architecture, and the data is processed hierarchically to achieve the organization and knowledge accumulation of cross-domain employment data, which makes multiple employment data standardized. Using data analysis parallelization algorithm and dimensionality reduction operation method, the training data are read and loaded into the distributed memory of the employment data platform to select the best employment features. According to the design platform of this paper, the employment rate for those employed in the eastern region and 80.16% in the central region has reached 91.15%. This paper's design model can improve employee efficiency and expand the grassroots employment space of college students, as indicated.

This paper performs feature extraction based on the Bayesian nonparametric model for smart sports courses to analyze the Gaussian process principle for composing random variables. The probability distribution of the parameters is estimated based on the known data set, given the input data vector to decompose the likelihood function. To calculate the posterior probabilities of the parameters, the kernel function features are analyzed to give the expressions of eigenvalues and eigenvectors, and data normalization is performed. According to the results, the experimental group had higher sports test scores than the control group, and the third test score of high-speed running reached 9 points. Therefore, colleges and universities should focus on cultivating students' innovative thinking abilities and helping them master sports knowledge and skills to achieve their educational goals.

Hainan yellow cattle are indigenous Zebu cattle from southern China known for their tolerance of heat and strong resistance to disease. Generations of adaptation to the tropical environment of southern China and decades of artificial breeding have left identifiable selection signals in their genomic makeup. However, information on the selection signatures of Hainan yellow cattle is scarce. Herein, we compared the genomes of Hainan yellow cattle with those of Zebu, Qinchuan, Nanyang, and Yanbian cattle breeds by the composite likelihood ratio method (CLR), Tajima’s D method, and identifying runs of homozygosity (ROHs), each of which may provide evidence of the genes responsible for heat tolerance in Hainan yellow cattle. The results showed that 5210, 1972, and 1290 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were screened by the CLR method, Tajima’s D method, and ROH method, respectively. A total of 453, 450, and 325 genes, respectively, were identified near these SNPs. These genes were significantly enriched in 65 Gene Ontology (GO) functional terms and 11 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways (corrected p < 0.05). Five genes—Adenosylhomocysteinase-like 2, DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C3, heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1A, CD53 molecule, and zinc finger and BTB domain containing 12—were recognized as candidate genes associated with heat tolerance. After further functional verification of these genes, the research results may benefit the understanding of the genetic mechanism of the heat tolerance in Hainan yellow cattle, which lay the foundation for subsequent studies on heat stress in this breed.

Foamy viruses belong to the Spumaretrovirinae subfamily member of the Retroviridae family and produce nonpathogenic infection to hosts in the natural conditions. However, infections of foamy viruses can dramatically cause severe cytopathic effects in vitro. To date, the exact molecular mechanism has remained unclear which implied the tremendous importance of virus-host cell immune reactions. In this study, we found that the transactivator Tas in two foamy viruses isolated from Old World Monkey (OWM) induced obvious inhibition of cell proliferation via the upregulation of Foxo3a expression. It was mediated by the generation of ROS and the initiation of ER stress, and ultimately, the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was triggered. Notably, PFV Tas contributed to the accumulation of G0/G1 phase cycle arrest induced by the activation of the p53 signaling pathway and the nuclear transportation of HDAC4 via upregulating PPM1E expression. Together, these results demonstrated the different survival strategies by which foamy virus can hijack host cell cytokines and regulate virus-host cell interactions.