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111. Simulation of a Fully Digital Computing-in-Memory for Non-Volatile Memory for Artificial Intelligence Edge Applications.

Author

Hu, Hongyang, Feng, Chuancai, Zhou, Haiyang, Dong, Danian, Pan, Xiaoshan, Wang, Xiwei, Zhang, Lu, Cheng, Shuaiqi, Pang, Wan, and Liu, Jing

Subjects
ARTIFICIAL intelligence, DIGITAL computer simulation, FLASH memory, CONVOLUTIONAL neural networks, MACHINE learning, MEMORY
Abstract

In recent years, digital computing in memory (CIM) has been an efficient and high-performance solution in artificial intelligence (AI) edge inference. Nevertheless, digital CIM based on non-volatile memory (NVM) is less discussed for the sophisticated intrinsic physical and electrical behavior of non-volatile devices. In this paper, we propose a fully digital non-volatile CIM (DNV-CIM) macro with compressed coding look-up table (LUT) multiplier (CCLUTM) using the 40 nm technology, which is highly compatible with the standard commodity NOR Flash memory. We also provide a continuous accumulation scheme for machine learning applications. When applied to a modified ResNet18 network trained under the CIFAR-10 dataset, the simulations indicate that the proposed CCLUTM-based DNV-CIM can achieve a peak energy efficiency of 75.18 TOPS/W with 4-bit multiplication and accumulation (MAC) operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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113. A Highly Responsive Hydrogen-Terminated Diamond-Based Phototransistor

Author

Ge, Lei, primary, Peng, Yan, additional, Li, Bin, additional, Chen, Xiaohua, additional, Xu, Mingsheng, additional, Wang, Xiwei, additional, Cui, Yingxin, additional, Wang, Dufu, additional, Han, Jisheng, additional, Cheong, Kuan Yew, additional, Tanner, Philip, additional, Zhao, Ming, additional, and Xu, Xiangang, additional

Published
2022
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120. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA and inactivated vaccines in healthy adolescents

Author

Lau, Yu-Lung, primary, Duque, Jaime Rosa, additional, Wang, Xiwei, additional, Leung, Daniel, additional, Cheng, Samuel, additional, Cohen, Carolyn, additional, Mu, Xiaofeng, additional, Hachim, Asmaa, additional, Zhang, Yanmei, additional, Chan, Sau-Man, additional, Chaothai, Sara, additional, Kwan, Kelvin, additional, Chan, Karl, additional, Li, John, additional, Luk, Leo, additional, Tsang, Leo, additional, Wong, Wilfred, additional, Cheang, Cheuk-Hei, additional, Hung, Timothy, additional, Lam, Jennifer, additional, Chua, Gilbert, additional, Tso, Winnie, additional, Ip, Patrick, additional, Kavian, Niloufar, additional, Leung, Wing, additional, Valkenburg, Sophie, additional, Peiris, Malik, additional, TU, WENWEI, additional, and Mori, Masashi, additional

Published
2022
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123. Origin and Evolution of Saline Spring Water in North and Central Laos Based on Hydrochemistry and Stable Isotopes (δD, δ18O, δ11B, and δ37Cl)

Author

Wang, Xiwei Qin, Haizhou Ma, Xiying Zhang, Xiasong Hu, Guorong Li, Ziwen Jiang, Huaide Cheng, Jibin Han, Yongshou Li, Weiliang Miao, Wenhua Han, Sha Yang, Qian Song, Shang Lei, and Hongying

Subjects
saline springs, stable isotopes, recharge and solute sources, reservoir temperatures, marine evaporites, potash exploration prospect
Abstract

This paper discusses the origin and evolution of saline springs in north and central Laos, based on chemical and stable isotopes (δD, δ18O, δ11B, and δ37Cl). All the saline springs in this study are of the Na–Cl geochemical type. The geochemical and water isotope values suggest that the saline springs in this study are mainly derived from meteoric water and/or ice and snow melt from the surrounding mountains and that they also experienced strong evaporation and intense rock–water interactions. The ionic ratios, characteristic coefficients, ternary Ca–SO4–HCO3 phase diagrams, and saturation indices of minerals show that the dissolution of halite, sulfate, and carbonate rocks may be the solute sources for saline springs in this study, whereas the underground brines in the Thakhek potash mining area are geochemically influenced by the dissolution of carnallite and sylvite. The global geothermal δ11B–Cl/B relationship and δ11B values (5.50 to 36.01‰) of saline springs suggest a continental origin of B. This B is most likely derived from marine carbonate rocks and marine evaporates (gypsum and halite) of the late Cretaceous, which is similar to the saline springs of the Nangqen–Qamdo–Simao Salt Basin. The δ37Cl value (−0.12 to +0.79) and the Cl/Br ratio (4076 to 9853) show that dissolution of late cretaceous marine halite layers, atmospheric precipitation, and water–rock interactions between volcanic rocks, mudstones, and sandstone can restrict the δ37Cl values in saline springs. Results from silica geothermometry and multi–mineral equilibrium diagrams indicate that the reservoir temperatures for the saline springs range from 87–137 °C and experience deep circulation. Hydrochemical characteristic coefficients suggest that saline springs in the Muang Say basin may have leached sylvinite and carnallite and that the potash exploration prospect in this area is relatively good.

Published
2021
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125. Exosomes derived from γδ-T cells synergize with radiotherapy and preserve antitumor activities against nasopharyngeal carcinoma in immunosuppressive microenvironment

Author

Wang, Xiwei, primary, Zhang, Yanmei, additional, Mu, Xiaofeng, additional, Tu, Chloe Ran, additional, Chung, Yuet, additional, Tsao, Sai Wah, additional, Chan, Godfrey Chi-Fung, additional, Leung, Wing-Hang, additional, Lau, Yu-lung, additional, Liu, Yinping, additional, and Tu, Wenwei, additional

Published
2022
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130. Immunogenicity Against Wild-Type and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 After a Third Dose of Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine in Healthy Adolescents

Author

Leung, Daniel, primary, Cohen, Carolyn A., additional, Mu, Xiaofeng, additional, Rosa Duque, Jaime Sou, additional, Cheng, Samuel MS, additional, Wang, Xiwei, additional, Wang, Manni, additional, Zhang, Wenyue, additional, Zhang, Yanmei, additional, Tam, Issan YS, additional, Lam, Jennifer HY, additional, Man Chan, Sau, additional, Chaothai, Sara, additional, Kwan, Kelvin KH, additional, Chan, Karl CK, additional, Li, John KC, additional, Luk, Leo LH, additional, Tsang, Chi H., additional, Chu, Nym Coco, additional, Wong, Wilfred Hing Sang, additional, Mori, Masashi, additional, Leung, Wing Hang, additional, Valkenburg, Sophie, additional, Peiris, J.S. Malik, additional, Tu, Wenwei, additional, and Lau, Yu Lung, additional

Published
2022
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133. Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 Immunity in Convalescent Children and Adolescents

Author

Tsang, Hing Wai, primary, Chua, Gilbert T., additional, To, Kelvin K. W., additional, Wong, Joshua S. C., additional, Tu, Wenwei, additional, Kwok, Janette S. Y., additional, Wong, Wilfred H. S., additional, Wang, Xiwei, additional, Zhang, Yanmei, additional, Rosa Duque, Jaime S., additional, Chan, Godfrey C. F., additional, Chu, Wai Kit, additional, Pang, CP, additional, Tam, Paul K. H., additional, Lau, Yu Lung, additional, Wong, Ian C. K., additional, Leung, WH, additional, Yuen, Kwok-Yung, additional, Kwan, Mike Y. W., additional, and Ip, Patrick, additional

Published
2021
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140. PADI3 plays an antitumor role via the Hsp90/CKS1 pathway in colon cancer

Author

Wang Xiwei, Zhengbin Chai, Chunyan Liu, Tingting Zhu, Zheng Yingying, Li Wang, Liang Na, Zhiwei Zhang, Chuanxi Zhao, and Yabing Zheng

Subjects
Cancer Research, Colorectal cancer, Hsp90, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, lcsh:RC254-282, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Downregulation and upregulation, Western blot, In vivo, Genetics, medicine, lcsh:QH573-671, Gene, CKS1, Cell proliferation, 030304 developmental biology, PADI3, 0303 health sciences, medicine.diagnostic_test, Cell growth, lcsh:Cytology, medicine.disease, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Colon cancer, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, biology.protein, Cancer research, Primary Research, Carcinogenesis
Abstract

Background CKS1 is highly expressed in colon cancer tissues, and is essential for cancer cell proliferation. The downstream molecular mechanism of CKS1 has been fully studied, but the upstream regulatory mechanism of it is still unclear. Earlier research found that PADI3 plays its anti-tumor roles via suppress cell proliferation, in this study, we found that the expression pattern of PADI3 and CKS1 are negatively correlated in colon cancer tissues, and overexpression of PADI3 can partly reverse CKS1 induced cancer cell proliferation. However, the regulatory mechanism of PADI3 and CKS1 in the tumorigenesis of colon cancer is still unclear and need to do further research. Methods Western blot and real-time PCR were used to detect the expression levels of genes. CCK-8 and colony formation assays were used to examine cell proliferation and colony formation ability. Overexpression and rescue experiments were used to study the molecular mechanism of CKS1 in colon cancer cells, BALB/c nude mice were used to study the function of CKS1 in vivo. Results CKS1 is highly expressed in colon cancer tissues, and the overexpression of CKS1 promotes cell proliferation and colony formation in both HCT116 (originating from primary colon cancer) and SW620 (originating from metastatic tumor nodules of colon cancer) cells. CKS1-expressing HCT116 cells produced larger tumors than the control cells. The expression pattern of PADI3 and CKS1 are negatively correlation in clinical samples of colon cancer, further study indicates that PADI3 can significantly decrease Hsp90 and CKS1 expression, and Hsp90 is essential for PADI3 to downregulate CKS1expression in colon cancer cells. Conclusions PADI3 exerts its antitumor activity by inhibiting Hsp90 and CKS1 expression, and Hsp90 is essential for PADI3 to suppress CKS1 expression.

Published
2019

145. Motor Fault Prediction Based on Fault Feature Extraction and Signal Distribution Optimization

Author

Qu, Yinpeng, Wang, Xiwei, Zhang, Xiaofei, and Qin, Guojun

Abstract

The fault prediction of motors can effectively reduce the occurrence of accidents and change the post diagnosis to prevention. However, the systematic errors caused by the complex signal components, such as different kinds of randomly distributed noise, make the false report or misreport inevitable, no matter what prediction model is selected. To tackle this issue, a motor fault prediction method based on fault feature extraction and signal distribution optimization is proposed in this article. A time–frequency parameter and resolution adaptive algorithm (TF-PRAA) is proposed to optimize the raw signal while reserving the fault characteristics. An extended model is developed to decompose and reconstruct the processed signals. Then, the optimized time series is transformed into the signal distribution. Fault prediction is carried out by combining the signal distributions as the inputs of the gated recurrent unit (GRU). Two datasets collected from experiments and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) are used to validate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. The test results indicate that the proposed methods provide better performance than other state-of-the-art models since the unrelated components of the signal are accurately reduced and the concentration of the signal is improved. From the predictive theory point of view, achieving accurate prediction of such signals is much easier. The method can accurately fulfill both long- and short-term fault prediction tasks.

Published
2023
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