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Reactions between Ln3+ (Ln = Dy, Tb), Cr3+, and glycine (HGly) in aqueous solution led to two pentanuclear compounds, Na3[Dy3Cr2(HGly)6(μ3-OH)6(H2O)9] ·(ClO4)8 ·Cl4 ·14H2O ( 1) and Na3[Tb3Cr2(HGly)6(μ3-OH)6(H2O)9] ·(ClO4)6 ·Cl6 ·6H2O ( 2). Structural analyses showed that both 1 and 2 have a {Ln3Cr2} compressed trigonal-bipyramidal skeleton in which an axial Cr3+ ion lies above and below the triangular equatorial plane defined by the three Ln3+ ions. Magnetic measurements indicated that 1 and 2 exhibit single-molecule magnetic behavior with Ea ≈ 14.1 K and τ0 = 4.2 × 10-8 s for 1 and Ea ≈ 13.0 K and τ0 = 6.4 × 10-7 s for 2. Interestingly, the clusters are soluble in aqueous solution. The two terminal water molecules of 1 can be substituted by two monocoordinated 4,4′-dipyridyl N, N′-dioxide (dpyo) molecules to afford [Dy3Cr2(HGly)6(dpyo)2(μ3-OH)6(H2O)7] ·(ClO4)9 ·15H2O ( 3) with a three-dimensional cds network formed through π-π interactions. Magnetic analysis indicated that 3 also displays slow relaxation of the magnetization with Ea ≈ 13.24 K and τ0 = 9.16 × 10-8 s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes are under substantially higher risk of in-stent restenosis (ISR) after coronary stent implantation. We sought to investigate whether visit-to-visit HbA1c variability is a potential predictor of ISR in diabetic patients after stent implantation. Methods: We consecutively enrolled type 2 diabetic patients who underwent successful elective percutaneous coronary intervention and performed follow-up coronary angiography after around 12 months. The incidence of ISR and its relationship with visit-to-visit HbA1c variability, expressed as coefficient of variation (CV), standard deviation (SD) and variability independent of the mean (VIM), were studied. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to analyze the predictive value of HbA1c variability for ISR. Results: From September 2014 to July 2018 in Ruijin Hospital, a total of 420 diabetic patients (688 lesions) after stent implantation were included in the final analysis. During a mean follow-up of 12.8 ± 1.3 months, the incidence of ISR was 8.6%, which was significantly increased in patients with higher CV of HbA1c (P = 0.001). The mean diameter stenosis (DS), net luminal loss and net luminal gain were 22.9 ± 16.8%, 0.42 ± 0.88 mm and 1.66 ± 0.83 mm, respectively. Greater DS was observed in subjects with higher tertiles of CV of HbA1c (P < 0.001), and this trend was more prominent in patients with optimal glycemic control (HbA1c ≤ 7%) in the baseline. In multivariate analysis, HbA1c variability was independently associated with incidence of ISR after adjustment for traditional risk factors and mean HbA1c (HR: 3.00 [95% CI 1.14–7.92] for highest vs. lowest tertile). Inclusion of CV of HbA1c led to a better risk stratification accuracy. Assessing HbA1c variability by SD or VIM yielded similar findings. Conclusions: This study suggests that visit-to-visit HbA1c variability is an independent predictor of incidence of ISR in patients with type 2 diabetes after stent implantation. Trial registration NCT02089360: NCT [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetes is one of the most detrimental diseases affecting the human life because it can initiate several other afflictions such as liver damage, kidney malfunctioning, and cardiac inflammation. The primary method for diabetes diagnosis involves the analysis of blood samples to quantify the level of glucose, while secondary diagnostic methods involve the qualitative analysis of obesity, fatigue, etc. However, all these symptoms start showing up only when the patient has been suffering from diabetes for a certain period of time. In order to avoid such delay in diagnosis, the development of specific fluorescent probes has attracted considerable attention. Prominent biomarkers for diabetes include abundance of certain analytes in blood serum, e.g., glucose, methylglyoxal, albumin, and reactive oxygen species; high intracellular viscosity; alteration of enzyme functionality, etc. Among these, high viscosity can greatly affect the fluorescence properties of various chromophores owing to the environment sensitivity of fluorescence spectra. In this review article, we have illustrated the application of some prominent fluorophores such as coumarin, BODIPY, xanthene, and rhodamine in the development of viscosity-dependent fluorescent probes. Detailed mechanistic aspects determining the influence of viscosity on the fluorescent properties of the probes have also been elaborated. Fluorescence mechanisms that are directly affected by the high-viscosity heterogeneous microenvironment are based on intramolecular rotations like twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT), aggregation-induced emission (AIE), and through-bond energy transfer (TBET). In this regard, this review article will be highly useful for researchers working in the field of diabetes treatment and fluorescent probes. It also provides a platform for the planning of futuristic clinical translation of fluorescent probes for the early-stage diagnosis and therapy of diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The crystal structures of compounds (III) and (IV) are determined by single crystal XRD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims/Introduction: Glucose metabolic disorder is the main cause for type 2 diabetes progression. Exploring the molecular mechanisms of metabolic disorder are crucial for type 2 diabetes treatment. Materials and Methods: Micro ribonucleic acid (miR)‐363, NOTCH1 and forkhead box C2 (FOXC2) expressions in high glucose (HG)‐treated HepG2 cells and the livers of type 2 diabetes mellitus rats were assessed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Protein levels of NOTCH1, FOXC2 and phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/serine/threonine protein kinase (Akt)‐related proteins were evaluated using western blot. Lipid accumulation was determined using Oil Red O staining. Then glucose consumption, blood glucose level and glycogen content were detected using kits. Finally, dual luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the binding relationship between miR‐363 and NOTCH1, and the binding relationship between miR‐363 and FOXC2. Results: MiR‐363 was significantly upregulated in the livers of diabetic rats and HG‐induced HepG2 cells, whereas NOTCH1 and FOXC2 were downregulated. In HG‐induced HepG2 cells, miR‐363 inhibitor markedly increased glucose consumption and uptake, and reduced accumulation of lipid droplets. Then NOTCH1 and FOXC2 were identified as downstream targets of miR‐363. NOTCH1 overexpression or FOXC2 overexpression could ameliorate glucose and lipids metabolism disorder in type 2 diabetes model cells. In addition, we found that FOXC2 inhibition abolished the effect of NOTCH1 overexpression on HG‐induced HepG2 cells. Finally, we proved that the PI3K/Akt pathway was the downstream pathway of FOXC2. Conclusion: MiR‐363 was considered as a key regulator of glucose and lipids metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus, which regulated PI3K/Akt axis by targeting NOTCH1 and FOXC2, thus leading to hepatic glucose and lipids metabolism disorder in type 2 diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The publication of invaluable papers in the I Journal of Diabetes Investigation i depends on the prompt, careful review of submitted manuscripts. We would like to thank the Editorial Board members, the International Editorial Board members, the Assistant Editorial Board members and the following experts for reviewing manuscripts from September 1, 2021 to August 31, 2022. [Extracted from the article]

The Bullying Participant Behaviors Questionnaire (BPBQ) is an efficient self-report measure for investigating bullying participant role behaviors. The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of the BPBQ in a Chinese middle school sample. A total of 516 middle school students (47.7% girls; age range = 12–14 years) were recruited from an urban middle school in China. Results revealed that a five-factor model fit the data best. Correlations between the BPBQ subscale scores and the external criterion variables, including empathy and sympathy, moral disengagement, and trait anger, provided evidence of criterion validity. Furthermore, the BPBQ had good alpha reliability and moderate to good test-retest reliability. In conclusion, the BPBQ is a promising assessment tool to measure bullying participant behaviors among Chinese middle school students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blastomere loss is a common issue during frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET). Our previous study showed that blastomere loss was associated with an increased risk of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) neonates. The present study assessed the impact of blastomere loss during cryopreservation by comparing the mRNA profiles of umbilical cord blood of FET offspring from the prospective cohort study. Umbilical cord blood samples were collected from 48 neonates, including 12 from the loss group, 11 from the intact group, and 25 from the matched spontaneous pregnancy group. RNA-seq technology was used to compare the global gene expression profiles of the lymphocytes. Then, we used TopHat software to map the reads and quantitative real-time PCR to validate some important differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We identified 92 DEGs between the loss group and the spontaneous pregnancy group, including IGF2 and H19. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) showed that the DEGs were most affected in the blastomere loss group. Downstream analysis also predicted the activation of organismal death pathways. In conclusions, our pilot study sheds light on the mechanism underlying how human blastomere loss may affect offspring at the gene expression level. These conclusions are, however, only suggestive, as the current study is based on a very limited sample size and type or nature of biological samples. Additional studies with larger sample sizes and independent experiments with placental samples should be conducted to verify these findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Progress in Modern Biomedicine is the property of Publishing House of Progress in Modern Biomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Progress in Modern Biomedicine is the property of Publishing House of Progress in Modern Biomedicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Endothelial hyper-permeability is a major determinant factor that contributes to the accelerated development of atherosclerotic lesions at hemodynamically disturbed sites. Previously, we showed that C1q/TNF related protein (CTRP) 1 promotes endothelium-leukocyte interactions and inflammatory responses in vascular cells. Here, we sought to investigate the role of CTRP1 in modulation of endothelial permeability under disturbed flow condition. By using en face staining of mouse aorta, we found CTRP1 expression was significantly increased in vascular endothelial cells under disturbed flow as compared to steady laminar flow. Vascular permeability to Evans blue dye was notably enhanced in CTRP1 knockin mice as compared to wild type animals, whereas aortic hyper-permeability at disturbed sites was remarkably restored after deletion of CTRP1. In cultured endothelial cells, treatment of CTRP1 led to increased permeability to fluorescent-labelled dextran and apparent formation of paracellular holes as observed after disturbed flow exposure, which was evidently reduced in the presence of a CTRP1-specific neutralizing antibody. Mechanistically, we found activation of VEGFR2 by CTRP1 might be involved in vascular hyper-permeability under disturbed flow condition. Taken together, this study suggests that CTRP1 is a mechano-sensitive proinflammatory factor that mediates disturbed flow-induced vascular barrier dysfunction. Inhibition of CTRP1 may inhibit the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis at early stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A headache circumscribed in a line-shaped area but not confined to the territory of one particular nerve had ever been described in Epicrania Fugax (EF) of which the head pain is moving and ultrashort. In a 25-month period from Feb 2012 to Mar 2014, we encountered 12 patients with a paroxysmal motionless head pain restricted in a linear trajectory. The head pain trajectory was similar to that of EF, but its all other features obviously different from those of EF. We named this distinctive but undescribed type of headache linear headache (LH). Methods: A detailed clinical feature of the headache was obtained in all cases to differentiate with EF, trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) and cranial neuralgia. Similarities and differences in clinical features were compared between LH and migraine. Results: The twelve LH patients (mean age 43.9 ± 12.2) complained of a recurrent, moderate to severe, distending (n = 9), pressure-like (n = 3) or pulsating (n = 3) pain within a strictly unilateral line-shaped area. The painful line is distributed from occipital or occipitocervical region to the ipsilateral eye (n = 5), forehead (n = 6) or parietal region (n = 1). The pain line has a trajecory similar to that of EF but no characteristics of moving. The headache duration would be ranged from five minutes to three days, but usually from half day to one day in most cases (n = 8). Six patients had the accompaniment of nausea with or without vomiting, and two patients had the accompaniment of ipsilateral dizziness. The attacks could be either spontaneous (n = 10) or triggered by noise, depression and resting after physical activity (n = 1), or by stress and staying up late (n = 1). The frequency of attacks was variable. The patients had well response to flunarizine, sodium valproate and amitriptyline but not to carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine. LH is different from EF, trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) and cranial neuralgia, but it had couple of features similar to that of migraine. Conclusions: The clinical picture of LH might be a subtype of migraine, or represent a novel syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is identified as an extracellularly released mediator of inflammation. In this study, specific monoclonal anti-HMGB1 antibody was administered to rats with acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) in order to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of HMGB1 blockade. Methods: All animals were randomly divided into control group, model group and anti-HMGB1 antibody group. The changes in liver histology and apoptosis of liver tissue were detected by H&E staining and TUNEL assay, respectively. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), endotoxin, HMGB1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) were examined. The hepatic levels of HMGB1, caspase3, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and p65 subunit of NF-κB (P65) were also determined. Results: Changes in liver pathology and liver cell apoptosis were greatly attenuated in the anti-HMGB1 antibody group compared with the model group. The serum levels of ALT, endotoxin, TNF-α, IFN-γ and HMGB1 were also decreased in the anti-HMGB1 antibody group. Furthermore, the hepatic levels of HMGB1, TLR4, caspase3 and P65 were also down-regulated by HMGB1 blockade. Conclusion: Blockade of HMGB1 can confer a protective effect against ACLF in rats, even 24 h after induction of ACLF. The protective effect of HMGB1 blockade is associated with interactions of HMGB1 with the TLR4 signaling pathway and cytokine production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cisplatin is one of the most widely used chemical drugs for anticancer treatment. Recent studies have focused on the ability of cisplatin to retain the high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein in cisplatin-DNA adducts, thereby preventing its release from the nucleus. Because HMGB1 is a powerful inflammatory mediator in many diseases, the aim of this study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of cisplatin acute liver failure. In this study, low-dose cisplatin was administered to treat PMA-induced macrophage-like cells induced by PMA and rats with acute liver failure. We found that cell viability and liver injury were greatly improved by cisplatin treatment. The extracellular levels of HMGB1, TNF-a and IFN-? were also significantly decreased by the administration of cisplatin. During inflammation, nuclear HMGB1 translocates from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The administration of cisplatin reduced the cytoplasmic levels of HMGB1 and increased nuclear HMGB1 levels in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, cisplatin can protect against acute liver failure by retaining HMGB1 in the nucleus and preventing its release into the extracellular milieu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A list of physicists is presented. They include Sumiyoshi Abe from the Institute of Physics at the University of Tsukuba in Ibaraki, Japan, Fausto Borgonovi from the department of Mathematics and Physics at the Catholic University in Brescia, Italy and Chi Keung Chan from the Institute of Physics Academia Sinica in Nankang Taipei, Taiwan.

Background: Adverse cardiac remodeling after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is a major cause for poor cardiovascular outcomes such as heart failure. The predisposing factors and underlying mechanisms remain not fully understood. This study investigates the association of insulin resistance and dysglycemia with left ventricular (LV) remodeling after STEMI in non-diabetic patients. Methods: A total of 485 non-diabetic subjects with STEMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention were consecutively enrolled and followed up for 12 months. Relation of homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and glucose levels to changes in echocardiography parameters was studied. Results: Left ventricular dilation was detected in 49.1% of subjects at 12-month follow-up after STEMI, and was more severe in subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and high HOMA-IR levels. HOMA-IR remained correlated to changes in LV dimensions after adjusting for confounding risk factors. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that higher HOMA-IR was independently associated with greater LV dilation after STEMI. A significant interaction term was present between HOMA-IR and IGT in the model (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Our study reveals that insulin resistance and dysglycemia are prevalent in non-diabetic patients with STEMI and are predictors of the post-infarction LV dilation. Trial registration Trials number, NCT02089360; registered on March 17, 2014 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of standard triple therapy compared with other pre-existing and new therapies in China., Methods: Literature searches were conducted in the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the VIP database, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, and the Chinese Biomedical Database. A meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing standard triple therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori with pre-existing and new therapies in China was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 2.0. There were 49 studies that met our criteria and the qualities of these studies were assessed using the Jadad scale. The Mantel-Haenszel method was used for pooling dichotomous data. We also conducted subgroup analyses according to age, duration of treatment and drug type. Sensitivity analyses and a cumulative meta-analysis were also performed with CMA 2.0. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger's test, Begg's test or a funnel plot., Results: A total of 49 RCTs including 8332 patients were assessed. This meta-analysis showed that standard triple therapy with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), amoxicillin (AMO) and clarithromycin (CLA) was inferior to sequential therapy [relative risk (RR) = 0.863; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.824-0.904], but was not superior to quadruple therapy (RR = 1.073; 95%CI: 0.849-1.357) or other triple therapies (RR = 1.01; 95%CI: 0.936-1.089). The meta-analysis also suggested that standard triple therapy is slightly more effective than dual therapy (RR = 1.14; 95%CI: 0.99-1.31). However, the differences were not statistically significant. We removed the only trial with a regimen lasting 14 d by sensitivity analysis and found that 7-d standard triple therapy was superior to 7-d dual therapy (RR = 1.222; 95%CI: 1.021-1.461). Moreover, a sub-analysis based on the duration of quadruple therapy indicated that the 7-d and 10-d standard triple therapies were inferior to sequential therapy (RR = 0.790; 95%CI: 0.718-0.868; RR = 0.917; 95%CI: 0.839-1.002, respectively). Additionally, there were no significant differences in cure rate or adverse events among standard triple therapy, quadruple therapy, and other triple therapies (RR = 0.940; 95%CI: 0.825-1.072; RR = 1.081; 95%CI: 0.848-1.378, respectively). Standard triple therapy had a higher occurrence of side effects than sequential therapy (RR = 1.283; 95%CI: 1.066-1.544)., Conclusion: The eradication rates with a standard triple therapy consisting of PPI, AMO, and CLA are suboptimal in China, and new treatment agents need to be developed.