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Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate the sex‐specific association between the ZJU index and risk of fatty liver disease in a large Chinese cohort. Methods: A total of 28 729 adults without fatty liver disease at baseline and who completed at least one follow‐up of annual examinations between 2009 and 2016 were included in this study. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for fatty liver disease risk associated with the ZJU index. Results: During a median follow‐up of 3.01 years, 7373 developed fatty liver disease. There were significant associations between the ZJU index and fatty liver disease for women and men with increasing HRs as the quartiles increase across Q2–Q4, corresponding HRs (95% CIs) in M3 were 2.28 (1.98–2.64), 3.52 (3.07–4.04), and 4.87 (4.24–5.59) for women and 2.44 (2.17–2.75), 4.18 (3.73–4.68), and 6.23 (5.56–6.98) for men. The association between the ZJU index and fatty liver disease risk remained significant in all the subgroups except that of T2DM and abdominal obesity subgroups for men. However, the association became nonsignificant when comparing Q3 and Q2 of the ZJU index with reference in the subgroups of T2DM for men, and nonsignificant when comparing Q3 of the ZJU index with reference in the subgroups of participants with T2DM and abdominal obesity for women. Conclusion: The ZJU index was significantly associated with the risk of fatty liver disease in Chinese population. It will be better to keep body mass index, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride, and fasting plasma glucose at a normal level for preventing fatty liver disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Uric acid (UA) is an important endogenous free radical scavenger that has been found to have a neuroprotective effect. However, there is uncertainty about the relationship between UA change and outcome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with reperfusion therapy. Methods: We consecutively enrolled AIS patients with reperfusion therapy. UA was measured upon admission and during hospitalization. The change in UA levels (ΔUA) was determined by calculating the difference between admission UA and the lowest UA among all follow‐up measurements, with a positive ΔUA suggesting a decrease in UA levels. Functional outcome was assessed by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Poor outcome was defined as mRS >2. Results: A total of 361 patients were included (mean age 68.7 ± 13.9 years, 54.3% males). The mean UA on admission was 355 ± 96.1 μmol/L. The median ΔUA was 121 μmol/L (IQR 50–192 μmol/L) and 18 (5%) patients had increased UA levels. UA on admission was positively associated with good outcome (p for trend = 0.017). When patients were classified into quartiles by ΔUA, patients with the largest decrease in UA (Q4: 199–434 μmol/L) had a higher risk of poor outcome at 3 months compared to patients with the least decrease in UA (Q1: 0–57 μmol/L) (OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.09–5.98, p = 0.031). The risk of poor outcome increased with ΔUA (p for trend = 0.048). Conclusions: In patients with reperfusion therapy, high UA on admission was associated with a good 3‐month outcome, while a greater decrease in UA was associated with poor outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol to high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C/HDL‐C) ratio may carry additional information and has been suggested as a better predictor for atherosclerosis progression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) than LDL‐C and HDL‐C alone. Therefore, we aim to explore the association between LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio and high carotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT) risk in a large Cohort in Beijing, China. This cohort study included 13,612 adults without high CIMT at first entry and who attended the baseline examination and at least one follow‐up annual examination between 2009 and 2016. We used multivariable Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio and risk of high CIMT. During 37,912 person‐years of follow‐up, 1996 (1268 men and 728 women) developed high CIMT. Compared with the first quartile of LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio, the risk of high CIMT was significantly increased for the fourth quartile of LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio (HR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.29–1.78). We observed a significant association between LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio and high CIMT risk comparing LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio >2.78 with LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio ≤2.78 and significant dose–response relationship between LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio and risk of high CIMT. The restricted cubic spline showed a significant nonlinear association between LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio and the risk of high CIMT (pnon‐linearity = 0.009). We identify a significant association between LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio and the risk of high CIMT in the Chinese Cohort study. Future studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of reducing LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio treatment on the development of high CIMT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The N6‐Methyladenosine (m6A) modification plays an important role in many biological processes, especially tumor development. However, little is still known about how it affects colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis. Here, we first systematically investigate the association of variants related to m6A modification with the CRC risk in 1,062 CRC cases and 2,184 controls by using our exome‐wide association data and followed by two replication sets including 7,341 CRC cases and 7,902 controls. The variant rs8100241 located in ANKLE1 was significantly associated with CRC risk (odds ratio = 0.88, 95% confidence interval = 0.84–0.92, p = 4.85 × 10−8) in 8,403 cases and 10,086 controls. This variant was previously identified to be associated with the susceptibility of breast cancer with BRCA1 mutation triple negative breast cancer. Further functional analysis indicated that overexpression of the rs8100241[A] allele significantly increased the ANKLE1 m6A level and facilitated the ANKLE1 protein expression compared to that of rs8100241[G] allele. We further found the ANKLE1 m6A modification was catalyzed by the "writer" complex (METTL3, METTL14, or WTAP) and recognized by the "reader" YTHDF1. Mechanistically, we found that the ANKLE1 functions as a potential tumor suppressor that inhibits cell proliferation and facilitates the genomic stability. An elevated frequency of micronucleated cells, increased cell proliferation, and colony formation ability were observed when ANKLE1 knockdown. Our study illustrated that the germline missense variant can increase CRC risk by influencing ANKLE1 m6A level, highlighting a clinical potential of variants‐associated m6A modification as a risk marker for CRC prevention. What's new? Variations in cancer‐associated genes potentially affect RNA and protein modification, thereby altering tumor‐protective or tumor‐promoting cell functions. Of particular interest in this regard are variations affecting the N6‐Methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification, which supports numerous biological processes. In this investigation of m6A‐related variants in colorectal cancer (CRC), a germline missense variant in ANKLE1, an active player in the DNA damage response, was associated with reduced CRC risk. The variant increased ANKLE1 m6A modification and ANKLE protein levels. Overexpression of the missense allele was further associated with reduced CRC cell proliferation, revealing a possible tumor‐suppressive role for ANKLE1 in CRC development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plant roots continuously influence the rhizosphere, which also serves as a recruitment site for microorganisms with desirable functions. The development of genetically engineered (GE) crop varieties has offered unparalleled yield advantages. However, in-depth research on the effects of GE crops on the rhizosphere microbiome is currently insufficient. We used a triple-transgenic soybean cultivar (JD606) that is resistant to insects, glyphosate, and drought, along with its control, ZP661, and JD606 treated with glyphosate (JD606G). Using 16S and ITS rDNA sequencing, their effects on the taxonomy and function of the bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere, surrounding, and bulk soil compartment niches were determined. Alpha diversity demonstrated a strong influence of JD606 and JD606G on bacterial Shannon diversity. Both treatments significantly altered the soil's pH and nitrogen content. Beta diversity identified the soil compartment niche as a key factor with a significant probability of influencing the bacterial and fungal communities associated with soybeans. Further analysis showed that the rhizosphere effect had a considerable impact on bacterial communities in JD606 and JD606G soils but not on fungal communities. Microbacterium , Bradyrhizobium , and Chryseobacterium were found as key rhizobacterial nodes. In addition, the LEfSe analysis identified biomarker taxa with plant-beneficial attributes, demonstrating rhizosphere-driven microbial recruitment. FUNGuild, Bugbase, and FAPROTAX functional predictions showed that ZP661 soils had more plant pathogen-associated microbes, while JD606 and JD606G soils had more stress-tolerance, nitrogen, and carbon cycle-related microbes. Bacterial rhizosphere networks had more intricate topologies than fungal networks. Furthermore, correlation analysis revealed that the bacteria and fungi with higher abundances exhibited varying degrees of positive and negative correlations. Our findings shed new light on the niche partitioning of bacterial and fungal communities in soil. It also indicates that following triple-transgenic soybean cultivation and glyphosate application, plant roots recruit microbes with beneficial taxonomic and functional traits in the rhizosphere. [Display omitted] • The triple-transgenic soybean and glyphosate shaped the rhizosphere bacterial community. • Soil compartment niche had a substantial impact on the bacterial and fungal community assembly. • Rhizosphere effect resulted in the enrichment of beneficial bacterial and fungal taxa. • LEfSe and network analyses revealed rhizosphere-driven microbial recruitment. • Fungal networks were relatively less dense and more robust than bacterial networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: A child safety restraint (CSR) is an effective measure to reduce the risk of child injury from traffic collisions. This study aims to explore knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding CSRs in a Chinese population.Methods: A cross-sectional survey regarding CSR use was conducted from April to May 2014 in Shenzhen municipality. Respondents were parents who had at least one child 0 to 6 years of age and owned a car. These parents provided a self-report of demographic characteristics as well as information about their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward CSR use.Results: Most respondents had a fair level of knowledge about CSRs, with higher mean knowledge scores demonstrated among the respondents who were male, had an advanced degree, had a higher income, owned an expensive car, had an older child, drove frequently with children, and routinely drove greater distances with children. In addition, most respondents had a more positive attitude toward CSR use, with a higher mean attitude score among those who had an advanced degree, owned an expensive car, drove frequently with children, and routinely drove greater distances with children. However, some myths regarding CSR use also existed (e.g., parents can effectively protect their children in a car collision by holding them, they are not required to purchase the CSR for child safety if there is no mandatory provision by law, among others). Among 3,768 respondents who had at least one child and a car, 27.8% (1,047) had a CSR and 22.9% (864) used the CSR. A logistic regression model showed the likelihood of CSR ownership to be higher if respondents drove frequently or greater distances and was dependent on both the education level of the respondents and the age of the children. The frequency of CSR use increased as the age of children decreased (P = .0274). Respondents who owned a CSR and those who frequently used CSRs had higher mean knowledge and mean attitude scores.Conclusions: This observational study found that although the majority of respondents had fair levels of knowledge and positive attitudes, they had lower rates of CSR ownership and use. Therefore, efforts at developing opportunities to expand public awareness of CSR use should be made to improve child passenger safety practices and eliminate child injury caused by traffic collisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]