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101. Manipulation of fish host by eye flukes in relation to cataract formation and parasite infectivity

Author

Seppala, Otto, Karvonen, Anssi, and Valtonen, E. Tellervo

Subjects
Trout, Fishes, Disease transmission, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2005.01.020 Byline: Otto Seppala, Anssi Karvonen, E. Tellervo Valtonen Abstract: Trophically transmitted parasites may predispose infected hosts to predation by altering host behaviour, which can be either an adaptation of the parasites to enhance transmission to the next hosts in the life cycle or a nonadaptive side-effect of infection. In an experimental study, we investigated host manipulation by Diplostomum spathaceum (Trematoda), an eye fluke of fish, to evaluate its adaptive value as a parasite strategy to increase transmission efficiency to bird hosts. The parasite induces cataract formation in the lenses of fish eyes, and predisposes fish to predation by reducing their escape response. We examined the effect of developmental stage and the number of parasites on parasite-induced cataract formation and the susceptibility of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, to simulated predation (capture by dip-net). We found that the catchability of fish increased with the coverage of parasite-induced cataract. Furthermore, cataract formation was most intensive after eye flukes had completed their development, and host manipulation took place only when parasites were infective to birds and thus capable of being transmitted. Intensity of infection, however, did not affect vulnerability of fish to capture by dip-net. These findings suggest that the ability of the parasite to manipulate fish behaviour by impairing its vision may have resulted from selection preferring parasite genotypes with higher transmission efficiency. Author Affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland Article History: Received 2 June 2004; Revised 27 August 2004; Accepted 3 February 2005 Article Note: (miscellaneous) MS. number: 8151R

Published
2005

104. Observation of the Identical Rigidity Dependence of He, C, and O Cosmic Rays at High Rigidities by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station

Author

Aguilar, M., Ali Cavasonza, L., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Aupetit, S., Azzarello, P., Bachlechner, A., Barao, F., Barrau, A., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Basara, L., Başeğmez-du Pree, S., Battarbee, M., Battiston, R., Beischer, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindel, K. F., Bindi, V., de Boer, W., Bollweg, K., Bonnivard, V., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, W. J., Cadoux, F., Caroff, S., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chae, M. J., Chang, Y. H., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. S., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Clavero, R., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Creus, W., Crispoltoni, M., Cui, Z., Dai, Y. M., Datta, A., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Dimiccoli, F., Díaz, C., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., D’Urso, D., Eronen, T., Fiandrini, E., Formato, V., Gallucci, G., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gebauer, I., Gervasi, M., Ghelfi, A., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Guo, K. H., Haino, S., Han, K. C., He, Z. H., Hoffman, J., Huang, H., Huang, Z. C., Huh, C., Incagli, M., Ionica, M., Jang, W. Y., Jinchi, H., Kang, S. C., Kanishev, K., Khiali, B., Kim, G. N., Kim, K. S., Kirn, Th., Konak, C., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Leluc, C., Li, H. S., Li, J. Q., Li, Q., Li, T. X., Li, Y., Li, Z. H., Li, Z. Y., Lim, S., Lin, C. H., Lipari, P., Lippert, T., Liu, D., Lordello, V. D., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, F., Luo, J. Z., Lyu, S. S., Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikuni, V. M., Mo, D. C., Mott, P., Nelson, T., Ni, J. Q., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palmonari, F., Palomares, C., Paniccia, M., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Perrina, C., Picot-Clemente, N., Pilo, F., Pizzolotto, C., Pohl, M., Poireau, V., Quadrani, L., Qi, X. M., Qu, Z. Y., Räihä, T., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Ricol, J. S., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., Schmidt, S. M., Schulz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shan, B. S., Shi, J. Y., Siedenburg, T., Son, D., Song, J. W., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tescaro, D., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Türkoğlu, C., Urban, T., Vagelli, V., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Vitale, V., Vitillo, S., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, X. Q., Wang, Z. X., Wei, C. C., Whitman, K., Wu, H., Wu, X., Xiong, R. Q., Yan, Q., Yang, J., Yang, M., Yang, Y., Yi, H., Yu, Y. J., Yu, Z. Q., Zannoni, M., Zeissler, S., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, S. W., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, N., AMS Collaboration, Becker, Ulrich J, Behlmann, Matthew Daniel, Burger, Joseph D, Cai, Xudong, Capell, Michael H, Chen, Andrew I, Choumilov, Evgueni, Choutko, Vitali, Dadzie, K., Demakov, O., Egorov, Alexander, Eline, Alexandre, Feng, Jie, Fisher, Peter H, Galaktionov, Y., Heil, Melanie, Hsieh, Timothy Hwa-wei, Jia, Yi, Kounina, Olga, Kounine, Andrei, Koutsenko, Vladimir, Kulemzin, Alexander, Lebedev, Alexei, Liu, Hu, Phan, Huy Duc, Plyaskin, Vasily, Qin, Xiaoting, Rozhkov, Andrey B., Ting, Samuel, Ting, Steve M, Wang, X., Weng, Zhili, Xu, Weiwei, Yan, Qi, Zhang, J., Zhang, Zhan, Zuccon, Paolo, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AMS, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Azzarello, Philipp, Bourquin, Maurice, Cadoux, Franck, Leluc, Catherine, Li, Yang, Paniccia, Mercedes, Perrina, Chiara, Pohl, Martin, Rapin, Divic Jean, Vitillo, Stefania, Wu, Xin, Aguilar, M., Ali Cavasonza, L., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Aupetit, S., Azzarello, P., Bachlechner, A., Barao, F., Barrau, A., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Basara, L., Başeǧmez-Du Pree, S., Battarbee, M., Battiston, R., Becker, U., Behlmann, M., Beischer, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindel, K.F., Bindi, V., De Boer, W., Bollweg, K., Bonnivard, V., Borgia, B., Boschini, M.J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E.F., Burger, J., Burger, W.J., Cadoux, F., Cai, X.D., Capell, M., Caroff, S., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chae, M.J., Chang, Y.H., Chen, A.I., Chen, G.M., Chen, H.S., Cheng, L., Chou, H.Y., Choumilov, E., Choutko, V., Chung, C.H., Clark, C., Clavero, R., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Creus, W., Crispoltoni, M., Cui, Z., Dadzie, K., Dai, Y.M., Datta, A., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demakov, O., Demirköz, M.B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Dimiccoli, F., Díaz, C., Von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., D'Urso, D., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Eronen, T., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Galaktionov, Y., Gallucci, G., García-López, R.J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gebauer, I., Gervasi, M., Ghelfi, A., Giovacchini, F., Gómez-Coral, D.M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Guo, K.H., Haino, S., Han, K.C., He, Z.H., Heil, M., Hoffman, J., Hsieh, T.H., Huang, H., Huang, Z.C., Huh, C., Incagli, M., Ionica, M., Jang, W.Y., Jia, Yi, Jinchi, H., Kang, S.C., Kanishev, K., Khiali, B., Kim, G.N., Kim, K.S., Kirn, Th., Konak, C., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Kulemzin, A., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H.T., Lee, S.C., Leluc, C., Li, H.S., Li, J.Q., Li, Q., Li, T.X., Li, Y., Li, Z.H., Li, Z.Y., Lim, S., Lin, C.H., Lipari, P., Lippert, T., Liu, D., Liu, Hu, Lordello, V.D., Lu, S.Q., Lu, Y.S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, F., Luo, J.Z., Lyu, S.S., Machate, F., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikuni, V.M., Mo, D.C., Mott, P., Nelson, T., Ni, J.Q., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palmonari, F., Palomares, C., Paniccia, M., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Perrina, C., Phan, H.D., Picot-Clemente, N., Pilo, F., Pizzolotto, C., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Poireau, V., Quadrani, L., Qi, X.M., Qin, X., Qu, Z.Y., Räihä, T., Rancoita, P.G., Rapin, D., Ricol, J.S., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Schael, S., Schmidt, S.M., Schulz Von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Seo, E.S., Shan, B.S., Shi, J.Y., Siedenburg, T., Son, D., Song, J.W., Tacconi, M., Tang, X.W., Tang, Z.C., Tescaro, D., Ting, Samuel C. C., Ting, S.M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Türkoǧlu, C., Urban, T., Vagelli, V., Valente, E., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J.P., Vitale, V., Vitillo, S., Wang, L.Q., Wang, N.H., Wang, Q.L., Wang, X., Wang, X.Q., Wang, Z.X., Wei, C.C., Weng, Z.L., Whitman, K., Wu, H., Wu, X., Xiong, R.Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, J., Yang, M., Yang, Y., Yi, H., Yu, Y.J., Yu, Z.Q., Zannoni, M., Zeissler, S., Zhang, C., Zhang, F., Zhang, J., Zhang, J.H., Zhang, S.W., Zhang, Z., Zheng, Z.M., Zhuang, H.L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, N., Zuccon, P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Becker, Ulrich J, Behlmann, Matthew Daniel, Burger, Joseph D, Cai, Xudong, Capell, Michael H, Chen, Andrew I, Choumilov, Evgueni, Choutko, Vitali, Egorov, Alexander, Eline, Alexandre, Feng, Jie, Fisher, Peter H, Heil, Melanie, Hsieh, Timothy Hwa-wei, Kounina, Olga, Kounine, Andrei, Koutsenko, Vladimir, Kulemzin, Alexander, Lebedev, Alexei, Phan, Huy Duc, Plyaskin, Vasily, Qin, Xiaoting, Rozhkov, Andrey B., Ting, Samuel, Ting, Steve M, Weng, Zhili, Xu, Weiwei, Yan, Qi, Zhang, Zhan, Zuccon, Paolo, Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Aupetit, S, Azzarello, P, Bachlechner, A, Barao, F, Barrau, A, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basara, L, Başeğmez-du Pree, S, Battarbee, M, Battiston, R, Becker, U, Behlmann, M, Beischer, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindel, K, Bindi, V, de Boer, W, Bollweg, K, Bonnivard, V, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Burger, W, Cadoux, F, Cai, X, Capell, M, Caroff, S, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chae, M, Chang, Y, Chen, A, Chen, G, Chen, H, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Choumilov, E, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Clavero, R, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Creus, W, Crispoltoni, M, Cui, Z, Dadzie, K, Dai, Y, Datta, A, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demakov, O, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Dimiccoli, F, Díaz, C, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, D’Urso, D, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Eronen, T, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Galaktionov, Y, Gallucci, G, García-López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gebauer, I, Gervasi, M, Ghelfi, A, Giovacchini, F, Gómez-Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Guo, K, Haino, S, Han, K, He, Z, Heil, M, Hoffman, J, Hsieh, T, Huang, H, Huang, Z, Huh, C, Incagli, M, Ionica, M, Jang, W, Jia, Y, Jinchi, H, Kang, S, Kanishev, K, Khiali, B, Kim, G, Kim, K, Kirn, T, Konak, C, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Kulemzin, A, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Leluc, C, Li, H, Li, J, Li, Q, Li, T, Li, Y, Li, Z, Lim, S, Lin, C, Lipari, P, Lippert, T, Liu, D, Liu, H, Lordello, V, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, F, Luo, J, Lyu, S, Machate, F, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikuni, V, Mo, D, Mott, P, Nelson, T, Ni, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palmonari, F, Palomares, C, Paniccia, M, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Perrina, C, Phan, H, Picot-Clemente, N, Pilo, F, Pizzolotto, C, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poireau, V, Quadrani, L, Qi, X, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Räihä, T, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Ricol, J, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Schael, S, Schmidt, S, Schulz von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shan, B, Shi, J, Siedenburg, T, Son, D, Song, J, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tescaro, D, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Türkoğlu, C, Urban, T, Vagelli, V, Valente, E, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Vitale, V, Vitillo, S, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, X, Wang, Z, Wei, C, Weng, Z, Whitman, K, Wu, H, Wu, X, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, J, Yang, M, Yang, Y, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zannoni, M, Zeissler, S, Zhang, C, Zhang, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, S, Zhang, Z, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zimmermann, N, and Zuccon, P

Subjects
Astrophysics and Astronomy, satellite, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, primary [cosmic radiation], ddc:500.2, helium, International Space stations, 01 natural sciences, Power law, Helium, International Space Station, Spectral line, FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Physics and Astronomy (all), Rigidity (electromagnetism), 0103 physical sciences, Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer, ddc:550, ddc:530, AMS, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cosmic rays, Alpha magnetic spectrometers, Physics, ta115, carbon, nucleus, Antimatter, Cosmic Rays, ASTROFÍSICA, magnetic spectrometer, Cosmic Rays, Carbon, Oxygen, cosmic radiation: primary, FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE, Spectral features, chemistry, Primary cosmic-rays, Atomic physics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], oxygen
Abstract

Physical review letters 119(25), 251101 (2017). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.251101, Published by APS, College Park, Md.

Published
2017
Full Text
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109. Effect of hydrolyzed infant formula vs conventional formula on risk of type 1 diabetes the TRIGR randomized clinical trial

Author

Knip M., Akerblom H. K., Altaji E., Becker D., Bruining J., Castano L., Danne T., De Beaufort C., Dosch H. -M., Dupre J., Fraser W. D., Howard N., Ilonen J., Konrad D., Kordonouri O., Krischer J. P., Lawson M. L., Ludvigsson J., Madacsy L., Mahon J. L., Ormisson A., Palmer J. P., Pozzilli P., Savilahti E., Serrano-Rios M., Songini M., Taback S., Vaarala O., White N. H., Virtanen S. M., Wasikowa R., Mandrup-Poulsen T., Arjas E., Lernmark A., Laara E., Schmidt B., Hyytinen M., Koski K., Koski M., Merentie K., Pajakkala E., Reunanen A., Salonen M., Terhonen T., Virkkunen S., Cuthbertson D., Gainer B., Hadley D., Malloy J., Nallamshetty L., Shanker L., Bradley B., Lough G., Fraser W., Sermer M., Taback S. P., Franciscus M., Nucci A., Palmer J., Alahuhta K., Barlund S., Korhonen T., Kovanen L., Lehtonen E., Niinisto S., Pekkala M., Sorkio S., Toivanen L., Vahatalo L., Uusitalo U., Ohman T., Bongiorno R., Catteau J., Fraser G., Lloyd M., Crock P., Giles M., Siech K., See D. W., Brown C., Craig M., Johnston A., Bere L. J., Clarson C. L., Jenner M., McManus R., Renato N., Lovell M., Higo D., Kent N., Kwan J., Marshall C., Metzger D., Chanoine J. -P., Stewart L., Thompson D., Edwards A., Lange I., Mercer J., Pacaud D., Josephine H., Schwarz W., Stephure D. K., Boer J., Chatur T., Chick C., Couch B., Demianczuk N., Girgis R., Marks S., Ryan E., Thompson M., Dean H. J., Grant L., Hamelin K., LaForte J., Murphy L., Catte D., Schneider C., Sellers E. A. C., Woo V., Boland A., Clark H. D., Cooper T., Gruslin A., Karovitch A., Keely E., Malcolm J. C., Sauro V., Tawagi G. F., Andrighetti S., Arnold G., Barrett J., Blumer I., Daneman D., Donat D., Ehrlich R., Feig D., Gottesman I., Gysler M., Karkanis S., Kenshole A., Knight B., Lackie E., Lewis V., Martin M. J., Maxwell C., Oliver G., Panchum P., Shilletto N., Simone A., Skidmore M., Turrini T., Wong S., Allen C., Belanger L., Bouchard I., Ferland S., Frenette L., Garrido-Russo M., Leblanc M., Imbeault J., Morin V., Olivier G., Weisnagell J., Costain G., Dornan J., Heath K., MacSween M. -C., McGibbon A., Ramsay C., Sanderson F., Sanderson S., Benabdesselam L., Gonthier M., Huot C., Thibeault M., Laforte D., Legault L., Perron P., Armson A., Canning P., Cummings E. A., Ivanko V., McLeod L., Mokashi A., Scott K., Bridger T., Crane J., Crummell C., Curtis J. C., Dawson C., Joyce C., Newhook L. A., Newman S., Druken E., Begum-Hasan J., Breen A., Houlden R., Woods M., Carrson G., Kelly S., Martel M. J., Penner M., Sankaran K., Hardy-Brown K., King N., White R. A., Park M., Popkin J., Robson L., Coles K., Al Taji E., Cerna M., Cerny M., Francova H., Hainerova I., Kothankova H., Koukalova R., Krakorova V., Mendlova P., Sitova R., Stechova K., Vavrinec J., Vosahlo J., Zlatohlavkova B., Brazdova L., Faksova P., Gregorova D., Kantor L., Malkova K., Venhacova J., Venhacova P., Cipra A., Skvor J., Budejovice C., Tomsikova Z., Botkova-Krauseova H., Mockova A., Paterova P., Gogelova P., Kandrnalova J., Einberg U., Jakovlev U., Posiadlo S., Rannaste E., Raukas R., Riikjarv M. -A., Valla K., Astover V., Kirss A., Retpap J., Taht E., Tillmann V., Vahtra S., Heikkila M., Hirvasniemi M., Luopajarvi K., Johansson S., Kleemola P., Laukkanen E., Parkkola A., Pigg H. -M., Puttonen H., Renlund M., Salonen K., Suomalainen H., Tenkula T., Teramo K., Jarvenpaa A. -L., Hamalainen A. -M., Jussila R., Kiiveri S., Haavisto H., Holopainen S., Kupiainen H., Leeve T., Lumme K., Nironen T., Tenhola S., Tiilikainen T., Keinonen H., Lautala P., Salonen P., Vesanto M., Aspholm A. S., Asunta P., Ikavalko H., Jason E., Jaminki S., Kekki P., Koskinen M., Lehtimaki S., Lahde J., Makela M., Peltoniemi S., Poutiainen L., Ranta K., Salonsaari T., Sarviharju-Tujula S. -L., Selvenius J., Siljander H., Haanpaa P. -L., Holm C., Juutilainen A., Jarvelainen V., Kangaskolkka-Keskilohko A. -M., Laino E., Marjamaki L., Suominen E., Ylitalo S., Hokkanen M., Lounamaa R., Matikainen M., Nuuja A., Paalanen I., Puupponen A. R., Salo-Edwards H., Alanne S., Kultti T., Linjama H., Muhonen K., Vaaraniemi M., Talvitie T., Backman M., Hanhijarvi R., Koivula P., Lindstrom K., Martikainen A., Nurmi P., Bjork A., Huopio H., Komulainen J., Lehtomaki S., Muikku E., Pesola J., Sankilampi U., Arkkola T., Hekkala A., Jurvakainen S., Koivikko M. -L., Kahonen M., Leinonen E., Mykkanen T., Pohjola H., Riikonen K., Niittyvuopio A., Stenius A., Tapanainen P., Veijola R., Alar A., Jovio S., Korpela P., Makinen E., Hietanen L., Kivisto J., Kaar M. -L., Lehtimaki P., Mustila T., Popov E., Saatela S., Taittonen L., Ahtiainen K., Laaksonen N., Luoto M., Viitala J., Virransalo R., Nykanen P., Paajanen S., Parkkinen S., Pyrhonen H., Sarkka T., Aschemeier B., Bektas S., Biester T., Datz N., Deiss D., Fath M., Lupke K., Muller B., Nestoris C., Rothes S., Sadeghian E., Semler K., Arato A., Krikovszky D., Nobilis A., Szenasi J., Benevento D., Anguissola G. B., Biagioni M., Bizzarri C., Cherubini V., Ferrito L., Giordano C., Giorgetti C., Khazrai Y. M., Kyanvash S., Maddaloni E., Napoli A., Piergiovanni F., Pitocco D., Suraci T., Tabacco G., Valente L., Visalli N., Carboni M. B., Cavallo R., Cau V., Isola C., Ledda A., Loddo M., Mannu C., Pettinau M., Pisano S., Porceddu M., Putzu C., Rita A., Peters D., Schierloh U., Bisschoff M., Blonk L., Lappenschaar T., Manai B., Seesink M., Sperling-Conrad M., Verhagen M., Zoethout J. A., Basiak A., Chalas M., Chesiak M., Gramza A., Iwankiewicz J., Sieradzan E., Wikiera B., Ciechanowska M., Dziatkowiak H., Futona B., Gorska A., Glowacka-Wony M., Kaim I., Klich B., Starzyk J., Wolanin M., Tokarska L., Chucherco D., Deja G., Firek-Pedras M., Jarosz-Chobot P., Kalina M., Kutrowska-Adamusiak K., Minkina-Pedras M., Muchaka-Bianga M., Bodalski J., Mlynarski W., Szadkowska A., Cieslak A., Cypryk K., Dziatosz K., Jastzebowska J., Krysiak A., Szymanska U., Wilcznski J., Zawodniak-Szalapska M., Aguay A., Bilbao J. R., Chueca M., Cortazar A., Echarte G., Frutos T. G., Jimenez P., Martul P., Moreno A., Oyarzabal M., Rica I., Salgado Y., Martinez-Larrad M. T., Hawkins F. G., Hernandez R., Herranz L., Pallardo L. F., Deibarra L. S., Fernandez B. H., Luis J. L., Ortiz-Quintana L., Recarte P. P., Arnau D. R., Aronsson L., Boden S., Fredriksson J., Isacsson E., Johansson I., Karlsson E., Lock C., Sandstrom A. -M., Konefal M. S., Andreasson C., Dahlstrom U., Hanas R., Lundqvist K., Windell L., Jansson I., Karlsson A. -K., Lindbladh B., Odenman I., Pettersson C., Sundberg F., Sundqvist M., Aronsson S., Bellman I., Bengtsson A. -B., Lyden G. -B., Nilsson N. -O., Soderblom M., Unt C., Augustsson M., Bengtsson M., Fors H., Helmrich A., Johansson T. O., Andersson A. -C., Boiard-Stomlid A., Hellgren G., Kallsholm H., Lindqvist J., Nilsson M., Nordwall M., Stromstedt C., Ahsberg C., Lindh A., Lindhe C., Samuelsson C., Wiik A., Edenwall H., Ljumgcrantz M., Persson I. -B., Strigard E., Svensson B. -L., Aman J., Breivik G. -E., Detlofsson I. -L., Kroon M., Sarnblad S., Johansson C., Ilvered R., Lundberg A., Akesson K., Beccarelli A., Gadient M., Rappold-Amrein C., Schoenle E., Daftary A., Damagro-Elias M. E., Gilmour C., Klein M. B., Lain C., Salerno D., Smith M. E., Vats K., Pfaff D. J., Malone P., Mansfield P., Munns M., Nickel K., Pompilio K., Siemion W., Taculad R., Van Horn K., Zdanadewic M., Chambliss C., Jones J., Sadler M., Tanner-Blasiar M., Bell C., Camper N., Devaskar S., Devaskar U., Horowitz H., Rogers L., Shannahan R., Silk K., Bermudez Z., Colon R., Frazer T., Martinez-Nieves B., Torres J., Vega J., Chan M., Cook S., Goland R., Greenberg E., Jules N., Montes J., Nelson M., Parra-Valencia Z., Schachner H., Softness B., Kiviniemi M., Suomenin R., Alexander A., Hyrckowian E., Nichol L., Trucco M., Karjalainen E., Louhio T., Sarnesto A., Valtonen E., Davydova B., Helander S., Hamalainen J., Harkonen T., Joutsjoki L., Kararic M., Latva-Koivisto M., Lonn E., Nurmi T., Ollila I., Rinkinen J., Ronkainen M., Tukiainen H., Cederlof A., Kiikeri M., Tsupari S., Cheng R., Bryant K., Chan Y., Maezawa Y., Paltser G., Rasavi R., Tsui H., Winer S., Wu P., Yantha J., Pediatrics, Knip M., Akerblom H.K., Altaji E., Becker D., Bruining J., Castano L., Danne T., De Beaufort C., Dosch H.-M., Dupre J., Fraser W.D., Howard N., Ilonen J., Konrad D., Kordonouri O., Krischer J.P., Lawson M.L., Ludvigsson J., Madacsy L., Mahon J.L., Ormisson A., Palmer J.P., Pozzilli P., Savilahti E., Serrano-Rios M., Songini M., Taback S., Vaarala O., White N.H., Virtanen S.M., Wasikowa R., Mandrup-Poulsen T., Arjas E., Lernmark A., Laara E., Schmidt B., Hyytinen M., Koski K., Koski M., Merentie K., Pajakkala E., Reunanen A., Salonen M., Terhonen T., Virkkunen S., Cuthbertson D., Gainer B., Hadley D., Malloy J., Nallamshetty L., Shanker L., Bradley B., Lough G., Fraser W., Sermer M., Taback S.P., Franciscus M., Nucci A., Palmer J., Alahuhta K., Barlund S., Korhonen T., Kovanen L., Lehtonen E., Niinisto S., Pekkala M., Sorkio S., Toivanen L., Vahatalo L., Uusitalo U., Ohman T., Bongiorno R., Catteau J., Fraser G., Lloyd M., Crock P., Giles M., Siech K., See D.W., Brown C., Craig M., Johnston A., Bere L.J., Clarson C.L., Jenner M., McManus R., Renato N., Lovell M., Higo D., Kent N., Kwan J., Marshall C., Metzger D., Chanoine J.-P., Stewart L., Thompson D., Edwards A., Lange I., Mercer J., Pacaud D., Josephine H., Schwarz W., Stephure D.K., Boer J., Chatur T., Chick C., Couch B., Demianczuk N., Girgis R., Marks S., Ryan E., Thompson M., Dean H.J., Grant L., Hamelin K., LaForte J., Murphy L., Catte D., Schneider C., Sellers E.A.C., Woo V., Boland A., Clark H.D., Cooper T., Gruslin A., Karovitch A., Keely E., Malcolm J.C., Sauro V., Tawagi G.F., Andrighetti S., Arnold G., Barrett J., Blumer I., Daneman D., Donat D., Ehrlich R., Feig D., Gottesman I., Gysler M., Karkanis S., Kenshole A., Knight B., Lackie E., Lewis V., Martin M.J., Maxwell C., Oliver G., Panchum P., Shilletto N., Simone A., Skidmore M., Turrini T., Wong S., Allen C., Belanger L., Bouchard I., Ferland S., Frenette L., Garrido-Russo M., Leblanc M., Imbeault J., Morin V., Olivier G., Weisnagell J., Costain G., Dornan J., Heath K., MacSween M.-C., McGibbon A., Ramsay C., Sanderson F., Sanderson S., Benabdesselam L., Gonthier M., Huot C., Thibeault M., Laforte D., Legault L., Perron P., Armson A., Canning P., Cummings E.A., Ivanko V., McLeod L., Mokashi A., Scott K., Bridger T., Crane J., Crummell C., Curtis J.C., Dawson C., Joyce C., Newhook L.A., Newman S., Druken E., Begum-Hasan J., Breen A., Houlden R., Woods M., Carrson G., Kelly S., Martel M.J., Penner M., Sankaran K., Hardy-Brown K., King N., White R.A., Park M., Popkin J., Robson L., Coles K., Al Taji E., Cerna M., Cerny M., Francova H., Hainerova I., Kothankova H., Koukalova R., Krakorova V., Mendlova P., Sitova R., Stechova K., Vavrinec J., Vosahlo J., Zlatohlavkova B., Brazdova L., Faksova P., Gregorova D., Kantor L., Malkova K., Venhacova J., Venhacova P., Cipra A., Skvor J., Budejovice C., Tomsikova Z., Botkova-Krauseova H., Mockova A., Paterova P., Gogelova P., Kandrnalova J., Einberg U., Jakovlev U., Posiadlo S., Rannaste E., Raukas R., Riikjarv M.-A., Valla K., Astover V., Kirss A., Retpap J., Taht E., Tillmann V., Vahtra S., Heikkila M., Hirvasniemi M., Luopajarvi K., Johansson S., Kleemola P., Laukkanen E., Parkkola A., Pigg H.-M., Puttonen H., Renlund M., Salonen K., Suomalainen H., Tenkula T., Teramo K., Jarvenpaa A.-L., Hamalainen A.-M., Jussila R., Kiiveri S., Haavisto H., Holopainen S., Kupiainen H., Leeve T., Lumme K., Nironen T., Tenhola S., Tiilikainen T., Keinonen H., Lautala P., Salonen P., Vesanto M., Aspholm A.S., Asunta P., Ikavalko H., Jason E., Jaminki S., Kekki P., Koskinen M., Lehtimaki S., Lahde J., Makela M., Peltoniemi S., Poutiainen L., Ranta K., Salonsaari T., Sarviharju-Tujula S.-L., Selvenius J., Siljander H., Haanpaa P.-L., Holm C., Juutilainen A., Jarvelainen V., Kangaskolkka-Keskilohko A.-M., Laino E., Marjamaki L., Suominen E., Ylitalo S., Hokkanen M., Lounamaa R., Matikainen M., Nuuja A., Paalanen I., Puupponen A.R., Salo-Edwards H., Alanne S., Kultti T., Linjama H., Muhonen K., Vaaraniemi M., Talvitie T., Backman M., Hanhijarvi R., Koivula P., Lindstrom K., Martikainen A., Nurmi P., Bjork A., Huopio H., Komulainen J., Lehtomaki S., Muikku E., Pesola J., Sankilampi U., Arkkola T., Hekkala A., Jurvakainen S., Koivikko M.-L., Kahonen M., Leinonen E., Mykkanen T., Pohjola H., Riikonen K., Niittyvuopio A., Stenius A., Tapanainen P., Veijola R., Alar A., Jovio S., Korpela P., Makinen E., Hietanen L., Kivisto J., Kaar M.-L., Lehtimaki P., Mustila T., Popov E., Saatela S., Taittonen L., Ahtiainen K., Laaksonen N., Luoto M., Viitala J., Virransalo R., Nykanen P., Paajanen S., Parkkinen S., Pyrhonen H., Sarkka T., Aschemeier B., Bektas S., Biester T., Datz N., Deiss D., Fath M., Lupke K., Muller B., Nestoris C., Rothes S., Sadeghian E., Semler K., Arato A., Krikovszky D., Nobilis A., Szenasi J., Benevento D., Anguissola G.B., Biagioni M., Bizzarri C., Cherubini V., Ferrito L., Giordano C., Giorgetti C., Khazrai Y.M., Kyanvash S., Maddaloni E., Napoli A., Piergiovanni F., Pitocco D., Suraci T., Tabacco G., Valente L., Visalli N., Carboni M.B., Cavallo R., Cau V., Isola C., Ledda A., Loddo M., Mannu C., Pettinau M., Pisano S., Porceddu M., Putzu C., Rita A., Peters D., Schierloh U., Bisschoff M., Blonk L., Lappenschaar T., Manai B., Seesink M., Sperling-Conrad M., Verhagen M., Zoethout J.A., Basiak A., Chalas M., Chesiak M., Gramza A., Iwankiewicz J., Sieradzan E., Wikiera B., Ciechanowska M., Dziatkowiak H., Futona B., Gorska A., Glowacka-Wony M., Kaim I., Klich B., Starzyk J., Wolanin M., Tokarska L., Chucherco D., Deja G., Firek-Pedras M., Jarosz-Chobot P., Kalina M., Kutrowska-Adamusiak K., Minkina-Pedras M., Muchaka-Bianga M., Bodalski J., Mlynarski W., Szadkowska A., Cieslak A., Cypryk K., Dziatosz K., Jastzebowska J., Krysiak A., Szymanska U., Wilcznski J., Zawodniak-Szalapska M., Aguay A., Bilbao J.R., Chueca M., Cortazar A., Echarte G., Frutos T.G., Jimenez P., Martul P., Moreno A., Oyarzabal M., Rica I., Salgado Y., Martinez-Larrad M.T., Hawkins F.G., Hernandez R., Herranz L., Pallardo L.F., Deibarra L.S., Fernandez B.H., Luis J.L., Ortiz-Quintana L., Recarte P.P., Arnau D.R., Aronsson L., Boden S., Fredriksson J., Isacsson E., Johansson I., Karlsson E., Lock C., Sandstrom A.-M., Konefal M.S., Andreasson C., Dahlstrom U., Hanas R., Lundqvist K., Windell L., Jansson I., Karlsson A.-K., Lindbladh B., Odenman I., Pettersson C., Sundberg F., Sundqvist M., Aronsson S., Bellman I., Bengtsson A.-B., Lyden G.-B., Nilsson N.-O., Soderblom M., Unt C., Augustsson M., Bengtsson M., Fors H., Helmrich A., Johansson T.O., Andersson A.-C., Boiard-Stomlid A., Hellgren G., Kallsholm H., Lindqvist J., Nilsson M., Nordwall M., Stromstedt C., Ahsberg C., Lindh A., Lindhe C., Samuelsson C., Wiik A., Edenwall H., Ljumgcrantz M., Persson I.-B., Strigard E., Svensson B.-L., Aman J., Breivik G.-E., Detlofsson I.-L., Kroon M., Sarnblad S., Johansson C., Ilvered R., Lundberg A., Akesson K., Beccarelli A., Gadient M., Rappold-Amrein C., Schoenle E., Daftary A., Damagro-Elias M.E., Gilmour C., Klein M.B., Lain C., Salerno D., Smith M.E., Vats K., Pfaff D.J., Malone P., Mansfield P., Munns M., Nickel K., Pompilio K., Siemion W., Taculad R., Van Horn K., Zdanadewic M., Chambliss C., Jones J., Sadler M., Tanner-Blasiar M., Bell C., Camper N., Devaskar S., Devaskar U., Horowitz H., Rogers L., Shannahan R., Silk K., Bermudez Z., Colon R., Frazer T., Martinez-Nieves B., Torres J., Vega J., Chan M., Cook S., Goland R., Greenberg E., Jules N., Montes J., Nelson M., Parra-Valencia Z., Schachner H., Softness B., Kiviniemi M., Suomenin R., Alexander A., Hyrckowian E., Nichol L., Trucco M., Karjalainen E., Louhio T., Sarnesto A., Valtonen E., Davydova B., Helander S., Hamalainen J., Harkonen T., Joutsjoki L., Kararic M., Latva-Koivisto M., Lonn E., Nurmi T., Ollila I., Rinkinen J., Ronkainen M., Tukiainen H., Cederlof A., Kiikeri M., Tsupari S., Cheng R., Bryant K., Chan Y., Maezawa Y., Paltser G., Rasavi R., Tsui H., Winer S., Wu P., Yantha J., University of Zurich, and Knip, Mikael

Subjects
Male, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, Casein, Breastfeeding, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 610 Medicine & health, 2700 General Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Disease-Free Survival, law.invention, Follow-Up Studie, Nutrition Policy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Randomized controlled trial, Double-Blind Method, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, law, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Humans, Cumulative incidence, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Original Investigation, 2. Zero hunger, Type 1 diabetes, business.industry, Hazard ratio, Absolute risk reduction, Infant, Newborn, Caseins, General Medicine, ta3121, medicine.disease, Infant Formula, 3. Good health, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Infant formula, 10036 Medical Clinic, Endokrinologi och diabetes, Female, business, Human, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

IMPORTANCE Early exposure to complex dietary proteins may increase the risk of type 1 diabetes in children with genetic disease susceptibility. There are no intact proteins in extensively hydrolyzed formulas. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that weaning to an extensively hydrolyzed formula decreases the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes in young children. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS An international double-blind randomized clinical trial of 2159 infants with human leukocyte antigen-conferred disease susceptibility and a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes recruited from May 2002 to January 2007 in 78 study centers in 15 countries; 1081 were randomized to be weaned to the extensively hydrolyzed casein formula and 1078 to a conventional formula. The follow-up of the participants ended on February 28, 2017. INTERVENTIONS The participants received either a casein hydrolysate or a conventional adapted cows milk formula supplemented with 20% of the casein hydrolysate. The minimum duration of study formula exposure was 60 days by 6 to 8 months of age. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Primary outcome was type 1 diabetes diagnosed according to World Health Organization criteria. Secondary outcomes included age at diabetes diagnosis and safety (adverse events). RESULTS Among 2159 newborn infants (1021 female [47.3%]) who were randomized, 1744 (80.8%) completed the trial. The participants were observed for a median of 11.5 years (quartile [Q] 1-Q3, 10.2-12.8). The absolute risk of type 1 diabetes was 8.4% among those randomized to the casein hydrolysate (n = 91) vs 7.6% among those randomized to the conventional formula (n = 82) (difference, 0.8%[95% CI, -1.6% to 3.2%]). The hazard ratio for type 1 diabetes adjusted for human leukocyte antigen risk group, duration of breastfeeding, duration of study formula consumption, sex, and region while treating study center as a random effect was 1.1 (95% CI, 0.8 to 1.5; P = .46). The median age at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes was similar in the 2 groups (6.0 years [Q1-Q3, 3.1-8.9] vs 5.8 years [Q1-Q3, 2.6-9.1]; difference, 0.2 years [95% CI, -0.9 to 1.2]). Upper respiratory infections were the most common adverse event reported (frequency, 0.48 events/year in the hydrolysate group and 0.50 events/year in the control group). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among infants at risk for type 1 diabetes, weaning to a hydrolyzed formula compared with a conventional formula did not reduce the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes after median follow-up for 11.5 years. These findings do not support a need to revise the dietary recommendations for infants at risk for type 1 diabetes. Funding Agencies|Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Development (NICHD); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health [HD040364, HD042444, HD051997]; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Commission of the European Communities [QLK1-2002-00372]; European Foundation for the Study of Diabates/JDRF/Novo Nordisk; Academy of Finland (Centre of Excellence in Molecular Systems Immunology and Physiology Research) [250114]; Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation; Finnish Diabetes Research Foundation; JDRF

Published
2018

114. A study of cosmic ray secondaries induced by the Mir space station using AMS-01

Author

Aguilar, M., Alcaraz, J., Allaby, J., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Anderhub, H., Ao, L., Arefiev, A., Azzarello, P., Babucci, E., Baldini, L., Basile, M., Barancourt, D., Barao, F., Barbier, G., Barreira, G., Battiston, R., Becker, R., Becker, U., Bellagamba, L., Béné, P., Berdugo, J., Berges, P., Bertucci, B., Biland, A., Bizzaglia, S., Blasko, S., Boella, G., Boschini, M., Bourquin, M., Brocco, L., Bruni, G., Buénerd, M., Burger, J.D., Burger, W.J., Cai, X.D., Camps, C., Cannarsa, P., Capell, M., Carosi, G., Casadei, D., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cecchi, C., Chang, Y.H., Chen, H.F., Chen, H.S., Chen, Z.G., Chernoplekov, N.A., Chiueh, T.H., Cho, K., Choi, M.J., Choi, Y.Y., Chuang, Y.L., Cindolo, F., Commichau, V., Contin, A., Cortina-Gil, E., Cristinziani, M., da Cunha, J.P., Dai, T.S., Delgado, C., Demirköz, B., Deus, J.D., Dinu, N., Djambazov, L., D’Antone, I., Dong, Z.R., Emonet, P., Engelberg, J., Eppling, F.J., Eronen, T., Esposito, G., Extermann, P., Favier, J., Fiandrini, E., Fisher, P.H., Fluegge, G., Fouque, N., Galaktionov, Yu., Gervasi, M., Giusti, P., Grandi, D., Grimm, O., Gu, W.Q., Hangarter, K., Hasan, A., Henning, R., Hermel, V., Hofer, H., Huang, M.A., Hungerford, W., Ionica, M., Ionica, R., Jongmanns, M., Karlamaa, K., Karpinski, W., Kenney, G., Kenny, J., Kim, D.H., Kim, G.N., Kim, K.S., Kim, M.Y., Klimentov, A., Kossakowski, R., Koutsenko, V., Kraeber, M., Laborie, G., Laitinen, T., Lamanna, G., Lanciotti, E., Laurenti, G., Lebedev, A., Lechanoine-Leluc, C., Lee, M.W., Lee, S.C., Levi, G., Levtchenko, P., Liu, C.L., Liu, H.T., Lopes, I., Lu, G., Lu, Y.S., Lübelsmeyer, K., Luckey, D., Lustermann, W., Maña, C., Margotti, A., Mayet, F., McNeil, R.R., Meillon, B., Menichelli, M., Mihul, A., Monreal, B., Mourao, A., Mujunen, A., Palmonari, F., Papi, A., Park, H.B., Park, W.H., Pauluzzi, M., Pauss, F., Perrin, E., Pesci, A., Pevsner, A., Pimenta, M., Plyaskin, V., Pojidaev, V., Pohl, M., Postolache, V., Produit, N., Rancoita, P.G., Rapin, D., Raupach, F., Ren, D., Ren, Z., Ribordy, M., Richeux, J.P., Riihonen, E., Ritakari, J., Ro, S., Roeser, U., Rossin, C., Sagdeev, R., Santos, D., Sartorelli, G., Sbarra, C., Schael, S., Schultz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Scolieri, G., Seo, E.S., Shin, J.W., Shoumilov, E., Shoutko, V., Siedling, R., Son, D., Song, T., Steuer, M., Sun, G.S., Suter, H., Tang, X.W., Ting, Samuel C.C., Ting, S.M., Tornikoski, M., Torsti, J., Trümper, J., Ulbricht, J., Urpo, S., Valtonen, E., Vandenhirtz, J., Velcea, F., Velikhov, E., Verlaat, B., Vetlitsky, I., Vezzu, F., Vialle, J.P., Viertel, G., Vité, D., Von Gunten, H., Waldmeier Wicki, S., Wallraff, W., Wang, B.C., Wang, J.Z., Wang, Y.H., Wiik, K., Williams, C., Wu, S.X., Xia, P.C., Yan, J.L., Yan, L.G., Yang, C.G., Yang, J., Yang, M., Ye, S.W., Yeh, P., Xu, Z.Z., Zhang, H.Y., Zhang, Z.P., Zhao, D.X., Zhu, G.Y., Zhu, W.Z., Zhuang, H.L., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, B., and Zuccon, P.

Published
2005
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133. Properties of cosmic helium isotopes measured by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

Author

Aguilar, M. (M.), Cavasonza, L. A. (L. Ali), Ambrosi, G. (G.), Arruda, L. (L.), Attig, N. (N.), Bachlechner, A. (A.), Barao, F. (F.), Barrau, A. (A.), Barrin, L. (L.), Bartoloni, A. (A.), Basegmez-du Pree, S. (S.), Battiston, R. (R.), Becker, U. (U.), Behlmann, M. (M.), Beischer, B. (B.), Berdugo, J. (J.), Bertucci, B. (B.), Bindi, V. (V.), de Boer, W. (W.), Bollweg, K. (K.), Borgia, B. (B.), Boschini, M. J. (M. J.), Bourquin, M. (M.), Bueno, E. F. (E. F.), Burger, J. (J.), Burger, W. J. (W. J.), Cai, X. D. (X. D.), Capell, M. (M.), Caroff, S. (S.), Casaus, J. (J.), Castellini, G. (G.), Cervelli, F. (F.), Chang, Y. H. (Y. H.), Chen, G. M. (G. M.), Chen, H. S. (H. S.), Chen, Y. (Y.), Cheng, L. (L.), Chou, H. Y. (H. Y.), Choutko, V. (V.), Chung, C. H. (C. H.), Clark, C. (C.), Coignet, G. (G.), Consolandi, C. (C.), Contin, A. (A.), Corti, C. (C.), Cui, Z. (Z.), Dadzie, K. (K.), Dai, Y. M. (Y. M.), Datta, A. (A.), Delgado, C. (C.), Della Torre, S. (S.), Demirkoz, M. B. (M. B.), Derome, L. (L.), Di Falco, S. (S.), Di Felice, V. (V.), Diaz, C. (C.), Dimiccoli, F. (F.), von Doetinchem, P. (P.), Dong, F. (F.), Donnini, F. (F.), Duranti, M. (M.), Egorov, A. (A.), Eline, A. (A.), Feng, J. (J.), Fiandrini, E. (E.), Fisher, P. (P.), Formato, V. (V.), Galaktionov, Y. (Y.), Gamez, C. (C.), Garcia-Lopez, R. J. (R. J.), Gargiulo, C. (C.), Gast, H. (H.), Gebauer, I. (I.), Gervasi, M. (M.), Giovacchini, F. (F.), Gomez-Coral, D. M. (D. M.), Gong, J. (J.), Goy, C. (C.), Grabski, V. (V.), Grandi, D. (D.), Graziani, M. (M.), Guo, K. H. (K. H.), Haino, S. (S.), Han, K. C. (K. C.), He, Z. H. (Z. H.), Hsieh, T. H. (T. H.), Huang, H. (H.), Huang, Z. C. (Z. C.), Incagli, M. (M.), Jang, W. Y. (W. Y.), Jia, Y. (Yi), Jinchi, H. (H.), Kanishev, K. (K.), Khiali, B. (B.), Kim, G. N. (G. N.), Kirn, T. (Th.), Konyushikhin, M. (M.), Kounina, O. (O.), Kounine, A. (A.), Koutsenko, V. (V.), Kulemzin, A. (A.), La Vacca, G. (G.), Laudi, E. (E.), Laurenti, G. (G.), Lazzizzera, I. (I.), Lebedev, A. (A.), Lee, H. T. (H. T.), Lee, S. C. (S. C.), Li, J. Q. (J. Q.), Li, Q. (Q.), Li, T. X. (T. X.), Li, Z. H. (Z. H.), Light, C. (C.), Lin, C. H. (C. H.), Lippert, T. (T.), Liu, Z. (Z.), Lu, S. Q. (S. Q.), Lu, Y. S. (Y. S.), Luebelsmeyer, K. (K.), Luo, F. (F.), Luo, J. Z. (J. Z.), Luo, X. (Xi), Lyu, S. S. (S. S.), Machate, F. (F.), Mana, C. (C.), Marin, J. (J.), Martin, T. (T.), Martinez, G. (G.), Masi, N. (N.), Maurin, D. (D.), Menchaca-Rocha, A. (A.), Meng, Q. (Q.), Mo, D. C. (D. C.), Molero, M. (M.), Mott, P. (P.), Mussolin, L. (L.), Nelson, T. (T.), Ni, J. Q. (J. Q.), Nikonov, N. (N.), Nozzoli, F. (F.), Oliva, A. (A.), Orcinha, M. (M.), Palermo, M. (M.), Palmonari, F. (F.), Paniccia, M. (M.), Pashnin, A. (A.), Pauluzzi, M. (M.), Pensotti, S. (S.), Phan, H. D. (H. D.), Plyaskin, V. (V.), Poireau, V. (V.), Poluianov, S. (S.), Popkow, A. (A.), Qi, X. M. (X. M.), Qin, X. (X.), Qu, Z. Y. (Z. Y.), Quadrani, L. (L.), Rancoita, P. G. (P. G.), Rapin, D. (D.), Reina Conde, A. (A.), Rosier-Lees, S. (S.), Rozhkov, A. (A.), Rozza, D. (D.), Sagdeev, R. (R.), Schael, S. (S.), Schmidt, S. M. (S. M.), von Dratzig, A. S. (A. Schulz), Schwering, G. (G.), Seo, E. S. (E. S.), Shan, B. S. (B. S.), Shi, J. Y. (J. Y.), Siedenburg, T. (T.), Solano, C. (C.), Song, J. W. (J. W.), Sun, Z. T. (Z. T.), Tacconi, M. (M.), Tang, X. W. (X. W.), Tang, Z. C. (Z. C.), Tian, J. (J.), Ting, S. C. (Samuel C. C.), Ting, S. M. (S. M.), Tomassetti, N. (N.), Torsti, J. (J.), Tuysuz, C. (C.), Urban, T. (T.), Usoskin, I. (I.), Vagelli, V. (V.), Vainio, R. (R.), Valente, E. (E.), Valtonen, E. (E.), Vazquez Acosta, M. (M.), Vecchi, M. (M.), Velasco, M. (M.), Vialle, J. P. (J. P.), Wang, L. Q. (L. Q.), Wang, N. H. (N. H.), Wang, Q. L. (Q. L.), Wang, X. (X.), Wang, X. Q. (X. Q.), Wang, Z. X. (Z. X.), Wei, J. (J.), Weng, Z. L. (Z. L.), Wu, H. (H.), Xiong, R. Q. (R. Q.), Xu, W. (W.), Yan, Q. (Q.), Yang, Y. (Y.), Yi, H. (H.), Yu, Y. J. (Y. J.), Yu, Z. Q. (Z. Q.), Zannoni, M. (M.), Zeissler, S. (S.), Zhang, C. (C.), Zhang, F. (F.), Zhang, J. H. (J. H.), Zhang, Z. (Z.), Zhao, F. (F.), Zheng, Z. M. (Z. M.), Zhuang, H. L. (H. L.), Zhukov, V. (V.), Zichichi, A. (A.), Zimmermann, N. (N.), Zuccon, P. (P.), Aguilar, M. (M.), Cavasonza, L. A. (L. Ali), Ambrosi, G. (G.), Arruda, L. (L.), Attig, N. (N.), Bachlechner, A. (A.), Barao, F. (F.), Barrau, A. (A.), Barrin, L. (L.), Bartoloni, A. (A.), Basegmez-du Pree, S. (S.), Battiston, R. (R.), Becker, U. (U.), Behlmann, M. (M.), Beischer, B. (B.), Berdugo, J. (J.), Bertucci, B. (B.), Bindi, V. (V.), de Boer, W. (W.), Bollweg, K. (K.), Borgia, B. (B.), Boschini, M. J. (M. J.), Bourquin, M. (M.), Bueno, E. F. (E. F.), Burger, J. (J.), Burger, W. J. (W. J.), Cai, X. D. (X. D.), Capell, M. (M.), Caroff, S. (S.), Casaus, J. (J.), Castellini, G. (G.), Cervelli, F. (F.), Chang, Y. H. (Y. H.), Chen, G. M. (G. M.), Chen, H. S. (H. S.), Chen, Y. (Y.), Cheng, L. (L.), Chou, H. Y. (H. Y.), Choutko, V. (V.), Chung, C. H. (C. H.), Clark, C. (C.), Coignet, G. (G.), Consolandi, C. (C.), Contin, A. (A.), Corti, C. (C.), Cui, Z. (Z.), Dadzie, K. (K.), Dai, Y. M. (Y. M.), Datta, A. (A.), Delgado, C. (C.), Della Torre, S. (S.), Demirkoz, M. B. (M. B.), Derome, L. (L.), Di Falco, S. (S.), Di Felice, V. (V.), Diaz, C. (C.), Dimiccoli, F. (F.), von Doetinchem, P. (P.), Dong, F. (F.), Donnini, F. (F.), Duranti, M. (M.), Egorov, A. (A.), Eline, A. (A.), Feng, J. (J.), Fiandrini, E. (E.), Fisher, P. (P.), Formato, V. (V.), Galaktionov, Y. (Y.), Gamez, C. (C.), Garcia-Lopez, R. J. (R. J.), Gargiulo, C. (C.), Gast, H. (H.), Gebauer, I. (I.), Gervasi, M. (M.), Giovacchini, F. (F.), Gomez-Coral, D. M. (D. M.), Gong, J. (J.), Goy, C. (C.), Grabski, V. (V.), Grandi, D. (D.), Graziani, M. (M.), Guo, K. H. (K. H.), Haino, S. (S.), Han, K. C. (K. C.), He, Z. H. (Z. H.), Hsieh, T. H. (T. H.), Huang, H. (H.), Huang, Z. C. (Z. C.), Incagli, M. (M.), Jang, W. Y. (W. Y.), Jia, Y. (Yi), Jinchi, H. (H.), Kanishev, K. (K.), Khiali, B. (B.), Kim, G. N. (G. N.), Kirn, T. (Th.), Konyushikhin, M. (M.), Kounina, O. (O.), Kounine, A. (A.), Koutsenko, V. (V.), Kulemzin, A. (A.), La Vacca, G. (G.), Laudi, E. (E.), Laurenti, G. (G.), Lazzizzera, I. (I.), Lebedev, A. (A.), Lee, H. T. (H. T.), Lee, S. C. (S. C.), Li, J. Q. (J. Q.), Li, Q. (Q.), Li, T. X. (T. X.), Li, Z. H. (Z. H.), Light, C. (C.), Lin, C. H. (C. H.), Lippert, T. (T.), Liu, Z. (Z.), Lu, S. Q. (S. Q.), Lu, Y. S. (Y. S.), Luebelsmeyer, K. (K.), Luo, F. (F.), Luo, J. Z. (J. Z.), Luo, X. (Xi), Lyu, S. S. (S. S.), Machate, F. (F.), Mana, C. (C.), Marin, J. (J.), Martin, T. (T.), Martinez, G. (G.), Masi, N. (N.), Maurin, D. (D.), Menchaca-Rocha, A. (A.), Meng, Q. (Q.), Mo, D. C. (D. C.), Molero, M. (M.), Mott, P. (P.), Mussolin, L. (L.), Nelson, T. (T.), Ni, J. Q. (J. Q.), Nikonov, N. (N.), Nozzoli, F. (F.), Oliva, A. (A.), Orcinha, M. (M.), Palermo, M. (M.), Palmonari, F. (F.), Paniccia, M. (M.), Pashnin, A. (A.), Pauluzzi, M. (M.), Pensotti, S. (S.), Phan, H. D. (H. D.), Plyaskin, V. (V.), Poireau, V. (V.), Poluianov, S. (S.), Popkow, A. (A.), Qi, X. M. (X. M.), Qin, X. (X.), Qu, Z. Y. (Z. Y.), Quadrani, L. (L.), Rancoita, P. G. (P. G.), Rapin, D. (D.), Reina Conde, A. (A.), Rosier-Lees, S. (S.), Rozhkov, A. (A.), Rozza, D. (D.), Sagdeev, R. (R.), Schael, S. (S.), Schmidt, S. M. (S. M.), von Dratzig, A. S. (A. Schulz), Schwering, G. (G.), Seo, E. S. (E. S.), Shan, B. S. (B. S.), Shi, J. Y. (J. Y.), Siedenburg, T. (T.), Solano, C. (C.), Song, J. W. (J. W.), Sun, Z. T. (Z. T.), Tacconi, M. (M.), Tang, X. W. (X. W.), Tang, Z. C. (Z. C.), Tian, J. (J.), Ting, S. C. (Samuel C. C.), Ting, S. M. (S. M.), Tomassetti, N. (N.), Torsti, J. (J.), Tuysuz, C. (C.), Urban, T. (T.), Usoskin, I. (I.), Vagelli, V. (V.), Vainio, R. (R.), Valente, E. (E.), Valtonen, E. (E.), Vazquez Acosta, M. (M.), Vecchi, M. (M.), Velasco, M. (M.), Vialle, J. P. (J. P.), Wang, L. Q. (L. Q.), Wang, N. H. (N. H.), Wang, Q. L. (Q. L.), Wang, X. (X.), Wang, X. Q. (X. Q.), Wang, Z. X. (Z. X.), Wei, J. (J.), Weng, Z. L. (Z. L.), Wu, H. (H.), Xiong, R. Q. (R. Q.), Xu, W. (W.), Yan, Q. (Q.), Yang, Y. (Y.), Yi, H. (H.), Yu, Y. J. (Y. J.), Yu, Z. Q. (Z. Q.), Zannoni, M. (M.), Zeissler, S. (S.), Zhang, C. (C.), Zhang, F. (F.), Zhang, J. H. (J. H.), Zhang, Z. (Z.), Zhao, F. (F.), Zheng, Z. M. (Z. M.), Zhuang, H. L. (H. L.), Zhukov, V. (V.), Zichichi, A. (A.), Zimmermann, N. (N.), and Zuccon, P. (P.)

Abstract

Precision measurements by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) on the International Space Station of 3He and 4He fluxes are presented. The measurements are based on 100 million 4He nuclei in the rigidity range from 2.1 to 21 GV and 18 million 3He from 1.9 to 15 GV collected from May 2011 to November 2017. We observed that the 3He and 4He fluxes exhibit nearly identical variations with time. The relative magnitude of the variations decreases with increasing rigidity. The rigidity dependence of the 3He/4He flux ratio is measured for the first time. Below 4 GV, the 3He/4He flux ratio was found to have a significant long-term time dependence. Above 4 GV, the 3He/4He flux ratio was found to be time independent, and its rigidity dependence is well described by a single power law ∝RΔ with Δ=−0.294±0.004. Unexpectedly, this value is in agreement with the B/O and B/C spectral indices at high energies.

Published
2019

134. FORESAIL‐1 CubeSat mission to measure radiation belt losses and demonstrate deorbiting

Author

Palmroth, M. (M.), Praks, J. (J.), Vainio, R. (R.), Janhunen, P. (P.), Kilpua, E. K. (E. K. J.), Afanasiev, A. (A.), Ala-Lahti, M. (M.), Alho, A. (A.), Asikainen, T. (T.), Asvestari, E. (E.), Battarbee, M. (M.), Binios, A. (A.), Bosser, A. (A.), Brito, T. (T.), Dubart, M. (M.), Envall, J. (J.), Ganse, U. (U.), Ganushkina, N. Y. (N. Yu.), George, H. (H.), Gieseler, J. (J.), Good, S. (S.), Grandin, M. (M.), Haslam, S. (S.), Hedman, H.-P. (H.-P.), Hietala, H. (H.), Jovanovic, N. (N.), Kakakhel, S. (S.), Kalliokoski, M. (M.), Kettunen, V. V. (V. V.), Koskela, T. (T.), Lumme, E. (E.), Meskanen, M. (M.), Morosan, D. (D.), Rizwan Mughal, M. (M.), Niemelä, P. (P.), Nyman, S. (S.), Oleynik, P. (P.), Osmane, A. (A.), Palmerio, E. (E.), Peltonen, J. (J.), Pfau-Kempf, Y. (Y.), Plosila, J. (J.), Polkko, J. (J.), Poluianov, S. (S.), Pomoell, J. (J.), Price, D. (D.), Punkkinen, A. (A.), Punkkinen, R. (R.), Riwanto, B. (B.), Salomaa, L. (L.), Slavinskis, A. (A.), Säntti, T. (T.), Tammi, J. (J.), Tenhunen, H. (H.), Toivanen, P. (P.), Tuominen, J. (J.), Turc, L. (L.), Valtonen, E. (E.), Virtanen, P. (P.), Westerlund, T. (T.), Palmroth, M. (M.), Praks, J. (J.), Vainio, R. (R.), Janhunen, P. (P.), Kilpua, E. K. (E. K. J.), Afanasiev, A. (A.), Ala-Lahti, M. (M.), Alho, A. (A.), Asikainen, T. (T.), Asvestari, E. (E.), Battarbee, M. (M.), Binios, A. (A.), Bosser, A. (A.), Brito, T. (T.), Dubart, M. (M.), Envall, J. (J.), Ganse, U. (U.), Ganushkina, N. Y. (N. Yu.), George, H. (H.), Gieseler, J. (J.), Good, S. (S.), Grandin, M. (M.), Haslam, S. (S.), Hedman, H.-P. (H.-P.), Hietala, H. (H.), Jovanovic, N. (N.), Kakakhel, S. (S.), Kalliokoski, M. (M.), Kettunen, V. V. (V. V.), Koskela, T. (T.), Lumme, E. (E.), Meskanen, M. (M.), Morosan, D. (D.), Rizwan Mughal, M. (M.), Niemelä, P. (P.), Nyman, S. (S.), Oleynik, P. (P.), Osmane, A. (A.), Palmerio, E. (E.), Peltonen, J. (J.), Pfau-Kempf, Y. (Y.), Plosila, J. (J.), Polkko, J. (J.), Poluianov, S. (S.), Pomoell, J. (J.), Price, D. (D.), Punkkinen, A. (A.), Punkkinen, R. (R.), Riwanto, B. (B.), Salomaa, L. (L.), Slavinskis, A. (A.), Säntti, T. (T.), Tammi, J. (J.), Tenhunen, H. (H.), Toivanen, P. (P.), Tuominen, J. (J.), Turc, L. (L.), Valtonen, E. (E.), Virtanen, P. (P.), and Westerlund, T. (T.)

Abstract

Today, the near‐Earth space is facing a paradigm change as the number of new spacecraft is literally skyrocketing. Increasing numbers of small satellites threaten the sustainable use of space, as without removal, space debris will eventually make certain critical orbits unusable. A central factor affecting small spacecraft health and leading to debris is the radiation environment, which is unpredictable due to an incomplete understanding of the near‐Earth radiation environment itself and its variability driven by the solar wind and outer magnetosphere. This paper presents the FORESAIL‐1 nanosatellite mission, having two scientific and one technological objectives. The first scientific objective is to measure the energy and flux of energetic particle loss to the atmosphere with a representative energy and pitch angle resolution over a wide range of magnetic local times. To pave the way to novel model‐in situ data comparisons, we also show preliminary results on precipitating electron fluxes obtained with the new global hybrid‐Vlasov simulation Vlasiator. The second scientific objective of the FORESAIL‐1 mission is to measure energetic neutral atoms of solar origin. The solar energetic neutral atom flux has the potential to contribute importantly to the knowledge of solar eruption energy budget estimations. The technological objective is to demonstrate a satellite deorbiting technology, and for the first time, make an orbit maneuver with a propellantless nanosatellite. FORESAIL‐1 will demonstrate the potential for nanosatellites to make important scientific contributions as well as promote the sustainable utilization of space by using a cost‐efficient deorbiting technology.

Published
2019

136. Precision Measurement of the Boron to Carbon Flux Ratio in Cosmic Rays from 1.9 GV to 2.6 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station

Author

Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Alpat, B, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Aupetit, S, Azzarello, P, Bachlechner, A, Barao, F, Barrau, A, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basara, L, Başeǧmez-du Pree, S, Battarbee, M, Battiston, R, Bazo, J, Becker, U, Behlmann, M, Beischer, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindi, V, Boella, G, de Boer, W, Bollweg, K, Bonnivard, V, Borgia, B, Boschini, M J, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E F, Burger, J, Cadoux, F, Cai, X D, Capell, M, Caroff, S, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cernuda, I, Cervelli, F, Chae, M J, Chang, Y H, Chen, A I, Chen, G M, Chen, H S, Cheng, L, Chou, H Y, Choumilov, E, Choutko, V, Chung, C H, Clark, C, Clavero, R, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Coste, B, Creus, W, Crispoltoni, M, Cui, Z, Dai, Y M, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirköz, M B, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Dimiccoli, F, Díaz, C, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, D'Urso, D, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Eronen, T, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Finch, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Galaktionov, Y, Gallucci, G, García, B, García-López, R J, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gebauer, I, Gervasi, M, Ghelfi, A, Giovacchini, F, Goglov, P, Gómez-Coral, D M, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Guerri, I, Guo, K H, Habiby, M, Haino, S, Han, K C, He, Z H, Heil, M, Hoffman, J, Hsieh, T H, Huang, H, Huang, Z C, Huh, C, Incagli, M, Ionica, M, Jang, W Y, Jinchi, H, Kang, S C, Kanishev, K, Kim, G N, Kim, K S, Kirn, Th, Konak, C, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krafczyk, M S, La Vacca, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H T, Lee, S C, Leluc, C, Li, H S, Li, J Q, Li, Q, Li, T X, Li, W, Li, Z H, Li, Z Y, Lim, S, Lin, C H, Lipari, P, Lippert, T, Liu, D, Liu, Hu, Lu, S Q, Lu, Y S, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, F, Luo, J Z, Lv, S S, Majka, R, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca-Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mo, D C, Morescalchi, L, Mott, P, Nelson, T, Ni, J Q, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Nunes, P, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palmonari, F, Palomares, C, Paniccia, M, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Pereira, R, Picot-Clemente, N, Pilo, F, Pizzolotto, C, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poireau, V, Putze, A, Quadrani, L, Qi, X M, Qin, X, Qu, Z Y, Räihä, T, Rancoita, P G, Rapin, D, Ricol, J S, Rodríguez, I, Rosier-Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Sandweiss, J, Saouter, P, Schael, S, Schmidt, S M, Schulz von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E S, Shan, B S, Shi, J Y, Siedenburg, T, Son, D, Song, J W, Sun, W H, Tacconi, M, Tang, X W, Tang, Z C, Tao, L, Tescaro, D, Ting, Samuel C C, Ting, S M, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Türkoğlu, C, Urban, T, Vagelli, V, Valente, E, Vannini, C, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J P, Vitale, V, Vitillo, S, Wang, L Q, Wang, N H, Wang, Q L, Wang, X, Wang, X Q, Wang, Z X, Wei, C C, Weng, Z L, Whitman, K, Wienkenhöver, J, Willenbrock, M, Wu, H, Wu, X, Xia, X, Xiong, R Q, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, J, Yang, M, Yang, Y, Yi, H, Yu, Y J, Yu, Z Q, Zeissler, S, Zhang, C, Zhang, J, Zhang, J H, Zhang, S D, Zhang, S W, Zhang, Z, Zheng, Z M, Zhu, Z Q, Zhuang, H L, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zimmermann, N, Zuccon, P, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Becker, Ulrich J, Behlmann, Matthew Daniel, Burger, Joseph D, Cai, Xudong, Capell, Michael H, Chen, A. I., Choumilov, Evgueni, Choutko, Vitali, Demakov, O., Egorov, Alexander, Eline, Alexandre, Fisher, P., Galaktionov, Y., Goglov, Pavel, Heil, Melanie, Hsieh, T. H., Kounina, Olga, Kounine, Andrei, Koutsenko, Vladimir, Krafczyk, Matthew Scott, Lebedev, Alexei, Li, J. Q., Plyaskin, Vasily, Rozhkov, Andrey B., Sun, W. H., Ting, Samuel, Ting, S. M., Wang, X., Weng, Z. L., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Zhang, J., Zhang, S. D., Zhang, Z., Zuccon, Paolo, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AMS Collaboration, Azzarello, Philipp, Bourquin, Maurice, Cadoux, Franck, Leluc, Catherine, Li, Yang, Paniccia, Mercedes, Pohl, Martin, Rapin, Divic Jean, Saouter, Pierre, Vitillo, Stefania, Wu, Xin, Aguilar, M., Ali Cavasonza, L., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Aupetit, S., Azzarello, P., Bachlechner, A., Barao, F., Barrau, A., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Basara, L., Başeğmez du Pree, S., Battarbee, M., Battiston, R., Becker, U., Behlmann, M., Beischer, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindel, K. . f., Bindi, V., Boella, G., de Boer, W., Bollweg, K., Bonnivard, V., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. . j., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. . f., Burger, J., Cadoux, F., Cai, X. . d., Capell, M., Caroff, S., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cervelli, F., Chae, M. . j., Chang, Y. . h., Chen, A. . i., Chen, G. . m., Chen, H. . s., Cheng, L., Chou, H. . y., Choumilov, E., Choutko, V., Chung, C. . h., Clark, C., Clavero, R., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, Andrea, Corti, C., Creus, W., Crispoltoni, M., Cui, Z., Dai, Y. . m., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. . b., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Dimiccoli, F., Díaz, C., von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., D’Urso, D., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Eronen, T., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Finch, E., Formato, V., Gallucci, G., García, B., García López, R. . j., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gebauer, I., Gervasi, M., Ghelfi, A., Giovacchini, F., Goglov, P., Gómez Coral, D. . m., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Guo, K. . h., Haino, S., Han, K. . c., Z. . h., He, Heil, M., Hoffman, J., Hsieh, T. . h., Huang, H., Huang, Z. . c., Huh, C., Incagli, M., Ionica, M., Jang, W. . y., Jinchi, H., Kang, S. . c., Kanishev, K., Kim, G. . n., Kim, K. . s., Kirn, T. h., Konak, C., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Krafczyk, M. . s., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H. . t., Lee, S. . c., Leluc, C., H. . s., Li, J. . q., Li, Li, Q., T. . x., Li, Li, W., Li, Y., Z. . h., Li, Z. . y., Li, Lim, S., Lin, C. . h., Lipari, P., Lippert, T., Liu, D., Liu, Hu, Lordello, V. . d., S. . q., Lu, Y. . s., Lu, Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, F., Luo, J. . z., S. . s., Lv, Machate, F., Majka, R., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, Nicolo', Maurin, D., Menchaca Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mikuni, V. . m., D. . c., Mo, Morescalchi, L., Mott, P., Nelson, T., J. . q., Ni, Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palmonari, Federico, Palomares, C., Paniccia, M., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Pereira, R., Picot Clemente, N., Pilo, F., Pizzolotto, C., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Poireau, V., Putze, A., Quadrani, Lucio, X. . m., Qi, Qin, X., Z. . y., Qu, Räihä, T., Rancoita, P. . g., Rapin, D., Ricol, J. . s., Rosier Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Sandweiss, J., Saouter, P., Schael, S., Schmidt, S. . m., Schulz von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Seo, E. . s., Shan, B. . s., Shi, J. . y., Siedenburg, T., Son, D., Song, J. . w., Sun, W. . h., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. . w., Tang, Z. . c., Tao, L., Tescaro, D., Ting, Samuel C. . C., Ting, S. . m., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Türkoğlu, C., Urban, T., Vagelli, V., Valente, E., Vannini, C., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. . p., Vitale, V., Vitillo, S., Wang, L. . q., Wang, N. . h., Wang, Q. . l., Wang, X. . q., Wang, Z. . x., Wei, C. . c., Weng, Z. . l., Whitman, K., Wienkenhöver, J., Wu, H., Wu, X., Xia, X., Xiong, R. . q., Yang, J., Yang, M., Yang, Y., Yi, H., Y. . j., Yu, Z. . q., Yu, Zeissler, S., Zhang, C., Zhang, J. . h., Zhang, S. . d., Zhang, S. . w., Zheng, Z. . m., Zhu, Z. . q., Zhuang, H. . l., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, Antonino, Zimmermann, N., Zuccon, P., Aguilar, M, Ali Cavasonza, L, Ambrosi, G, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Aupetit, S, Azzarello, P, Bachlechner, A, Barao, F, Barrau, A, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basara, L, Başeğmez du Pree, S, Battarbee, M, Battiston, R, Becker, U, Behlmann, M, Beischer, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bindel, K, Bindi, V, Boella, G, de Boer, W, Bollweg, K, Bonnivard, V, Borgia, B, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Bueno, E, Burger, J, Cadoux, F, Cai, X, Capell, M, Caroff, S, Casaus, J, Castellini, G, Cervelli, F, Chae, M, Chang, Y, Chen, A, Chen, G, Chen, H, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Choumilov, E, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Clavero, R, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Creus, W, Crispoltoni, M, Cui, Z, Dai, Y, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demakov, O, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Dimiccoli, F, Díaz, C, von Doetinchem, P, Dong, F, Donnini, F, Duranti, M, D’Urso, D, Egorov, A, Eline, A, Eronen, T, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Finch, E, Fisher, P, Formato, V, Galaktionov, Y, Gallucci, G, García, B, García López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gebauer, I, Gervasi, M, Ghelfi, A, Giovacchini, F, Goglov, P, Gómez Coral, D, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Guo, K, Haino, S, Han, K, He, Z, Heil, M, Hoffman, J, Hsieh, T, Huang, H, Huang, Z, Huh, C, Incagli, M, Ionica, M, Jang, W, Jinchi, H, Kang, S, Kanishev, K, Kim, G, Kim, K, Kirn, T, Konak, C, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krafczyk, M, LA VACCA, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Leluc, C, Li, H, Li, J, Li, Q, Li, T, Li, W, Li, Y, Li, Z, Lim, S, Lin, C, Lipari, P, Lippert, T, Liu, D, Liu, H, Lordello, V, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, F, Luo, J, Lv, S, Machate, F, Majka, R, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mikuni, V, Mo, D, Morescalchi, L, Mott, P, Nelson, T, Ni, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palmonari, F, Palomares, C, Paniccia, M, Pauluzzi, M, Pensotti, S, Pereira, R, Picot Clemente, N, Pilo, F, Pizzolotto, C, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poireau, V, Putze, A, Quadrani, L, Qi, X, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Räihä, T, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Ricol, J, Rosier Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Sandweiss, J, Saouter, P, Schael, S, Schmidt, S, Schulz von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Seo, E, Shan, B, Shi, J, Siedenburg, T, Son, D, Song, J, Sun, W, Tacconi, M, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tao, L, Tescaro, D, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Türkoğlu, C, Urban, T, Vagelli, V, Valente, E, Vannini, C, Valtonen, E, Vázquez Acosta, M, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Vitale, V, Vitillo, S, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, X, Wang, Z, Wei, C, Weng, Z, Whitman, K, Wienkenhöver, J, Wu, H, Wu, X, Xia, X, Xiong, R, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, J, Yang, M, Yang, Y, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zeissler, S, Zhang, C, Zhang, J, Zhang, S, Zhang, Z, Zheng, Z, Zhu, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zimmermann, N, and Zuccon, P

Subjects
Astrophysics and Astronomy, [PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Cosmic Rays, Galactic propagation, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, Power law, Space missions, FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Physics and Astronomy (all), Rigidity (electromagnetism), AMS-02, boron, carbon, flux ratio, 0103 physical sciences, Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer, ddc:550, ddc:530, AMS, Boron, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cosmic rays, Physics, Cosmic-ray propagation, Spectral index, ta114, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Turbulence, Spectral density, Boron to carbon ratio, Carbon, FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE, chemistry, Cosmic ray measurement, Cosmology, Rigidity, Space stations, Spectrometers
Abstract

Knowledge of the rigidity dependence of the boron to carbon flux ratio (B/C) is important in understanding the propagation of cosmic rays. The precise measurement of the B/C ratio from 1.9 GV to 2.6 TV, based on 2.3 million boron and 8.3 million carbon nuclei collected by AMS during the first 5 years of operation, is presented. The detailed variation with rigidity of the B/C spectral index is reported for the first time. The B/C ratio does not show any significant structures in contrast to many cosmic ray models that require such structures at high rigidities. Remarkably, above 65 GV, the B/C ratio is well described by a single power law R[superscript Δ] with index Δ=-0.333±0.014(fit)±0.005(syst), in good agreement with the Kolmogorov theory of turbulence which predicts Δ=-1/3 asymptotically., National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grants 1455202 and 1551980), Wyle Research (Firm) (Grant 2014/T72497), United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Grant HELIO15F-0005)

Published
2016
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137. Antiproton Flux, Antiproton-to-Proton Flux Ratio, and Properties of Elementary Particle Fluxes in Primary Cosmic Rays Measured with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station

Author

AMS Collaboration, Aguilar, M., Ali Cavasonza, L., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Aupetit, S., Azzarello, P., Bachlechner, A., Barao, F., Barrau, A., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Basara, L., Başecmez-Du Pree, S., Battarbee, M., Battiston, R., Bazo, J., Becker, U., Behlmann, M., Beischer, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bindi, V., Boella, G., De Boer, W., Bollweg, K., Bonnivard, V., Borgia, B., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Bueno, E. F., Burger, J., Cadoux, F., Cai, X. D., Capell, M., Caroff, S., Casaus, J., Castellini, G., Cernuda, I., Cervelli, F., Chae, M. J., Chang, Y. H., Chen, A. I., Chen, G. M., Chen, H. S., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Choumilov, E., Choutko, V., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Clavero, R., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Coste, B., Creus, W., Crispoltoni, M., Cui, Z., Dai, Y. M., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Dimiccoli, F., Díaz, C., Von Doetinchem, P., Dong, F., Donnini, F., Duranti, M., D'Urso, D., Egorov, A., Eline, A., Eronen, T., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Finch, E., Fisher, P., Formato, V., Galaktionov, Y., Gallucci, G., García, B., García-López, R. J., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gebauer, I., Gervasi, M., Ghelfi, A., Giovacchini, F., Goglov, P., Gómez-Coral, D. M., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Guerri, I., Guo, K. H., Habiby, M., Haino, S., Han, K. C., He, Z. H., Heil, M., Hoffman, J., Hsieh, T. H., Huang, H., Huang, Z. C., Huh, C., Incagli, M., Ionica, M., Jang, W. Y., Jinchi, H., Kang, S. C., Kanishev, K., Kim, G. N., Kim, K. S., Kirn, T., Konak, C., Kounina, O., Kounine, A., Koutsenko, V., Krafczyk, M. S., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lebedev, A., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Leluc, C., Li, H. S., Li, J. Q., Li, Q., Li, T. X., Li, W., Li, Z. H., Li, Z. Y., Lim, S., Lin, C. H., Lipari, P., Lippert, T., Liu, D., Liu, H., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, F., Luo, J. Z., Lv, S. S., Majka, R., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mo, D. C., Morescalchi, L., Mott, P., Nelson, T., Ni, J. Q., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Nunes, P., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palmonari, F., Palomares, C., Paniccia, M., Pauluzzi, M., Pensotti, S., Pereira, R., Picot-Clemente, N., Pilo, F., Pizzolotto, C., Plyaskin, V., Pohl, M., Poireau, V., Putze, A., Quadrani, L., Qi, X. M., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Räihä, T., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Ricol, J. S., Rodríguez, I., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozhkov, A., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Sandweiss, J., Saouter, P., Schael, S., Schmidt, S. M., Schulz Von Dratzig, A., Schwering, G., Seo, E. S., Shan, B. S., Shi, J. Y., Siedenburg, T., Son, D., Song, J. W., Sun, W. H., Tacconi, M., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tao, L., Tescaro, D., Ting, S. C. C., Ting, S. M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Türkoǧlu, C., Urban, T., Vagelli, V., Valente, E., Vannini, C., Valtonen, E., Vázquez Acosta, M., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Vitale, V., Vitillo, S., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, X., Wang, X. Q., Wang, Z. X., Wei, C. C., Weng, Z. L., Whitman, K., Wienkenhöver, J., Willenbrock, M., Wu, H., Wu, X., Xia, X., Xiong, R. Q., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, J., Yang, M., Yang, Y., Yi, H., Yu, Y. J., Yu, Z. Q., Zeissler, S., Zhang, C., Zhang, J., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, S. D., Zhang, S. W., Zhang, Z., Zheng, Z. M., Zhu, Z. Q., Zhuang, H. 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Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Becker, Ulrich J, Behlmann, Matthew Daniel, Burger, Joseph D, Cai, Xudong, Capell, Michael H, Chen, Andrew I, Choumilov, Evgueni, Choutko, Vitali, Egorov, Alexander, Eline, Alexandre, Fisher, Peter H, Galaktionov, Y., Goglov, Pavel, Heil, Melanie, Hsieh, Tsai-hsiu, Kounine, Andrei, Kounina, Olga, Koutsenko, Vladimir, Krafczyk, Matthew Scott, Lebedev, A., Li, J. Q., Plyaskin, Vasily, Rozhkov, Andrey B., Sun, W. H., Ting, Samuel, Ting, S. M., Wang, X., Weng, Zhili, Xu, Weiwei, Yan, Qi, Zhang, J., Zhang, S. D., Zhang, Zhan, Zhu, Z. 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Subjects
[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE], Astrophysics and Astronomy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Elementary particle, Electron, ddc:500.2, Antiprotons, 01 natural sciences, Cosmic Rays, anti-protons, Space missions, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Flux (metallurgy), Rigidity (electromagnetism), Positron, 0103 physical sciences, ddc:550, Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer, Dark matter, ddc:530, AMS, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Cosmic rays, Cosmic ray measurement, Cosmology, Elementary particles, Rigidity, Space stations, Spectrometers Alpha magnetic spectrometers, Antiproton flux, Flux ratio, International Space stations, Precision measurement, Proton events, Proton flux, Physics, ta115, ta114, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, ASTROFÍSICA, FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE, 13. Climate action, Antiproton, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

A precision measurement by AMS of the antiproton flux and the antiproton-to-proton flux ratio in primary cosmic rays in the absolute rigidity range from 1 to 450 GV is presented based on 3.49×10^{5} antiproton events and 2.42×10^{9} proton events. The fluxes and flux ratios of charged elementary particles in cosmic rays are also presented. In the absolute rigidity range ∼60 to ∼500 GV, the antiproton p[over ¯], proton p, and positron e^{+} fluxes are found to have nearly identical rigidity dependence and the electron e^{-} flux exhibits a different rigidity dependence. Below 60 GV, the (p[over ¯]/p), (p[over ¯]/e^{+}), and (p/e^{+}) flux ratios each reaches a maximum. From ∼60 to ∼500 GV, the (p[over ¯]/p), (p[over ¯]/e^{+}), and (p/e^{+}) flux ratios show no rigidity dependence. These are new observations of the properties of elementary particles in the cosmos., National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant No. 1455202), Wyle Research (Firm), United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program (Grant No. HELIO15F-0005)

Published
2016
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149. Precision Measurement of the Proton Flux in Primary Cosmic Rays from Rigidity 1 GV to 1.8 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station

Author

Aguilar, M., Aisa, D., Alpat, B., Alvino, A., Ambrosi, G., Andeen, K., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Azzarello, P., Bachlechner, A., Barao, F., Barrau, A., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Basara, L., Battarbee, M., Battiston, R., Bazo, J., Beischer, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bigongiari, G., Bindi, V., Bizzaglia, S., Bizzarri, M., Boella, G., de Boer, W., Bollweg, K., Bonnivard, V., Borgia, B., Borsini, S., Boschini, M. J., Bourquin, M., Cadoux, F., Caroff, S., Casaus, J., Cascioli, V., Castellini, G., Cernuda, I., Cerreta, D., Cervelli, F., Chae, M. J., Chang, Y. H., Chen, Andrew I., Cheng, G. M., Chen, H. S., Cheng, L., Chou, H. Y., Chung, C. H., Clark, C., Clavero, R., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Gil, E. Cortina, Coste, B., Creus, W., Crispoltoni, M., Cui, Z., Dai, Y. M., Delgado, C., Della Torre, S., Demirköz, M. B., Derome, L., Di Falco, S., Di Masso, L., Dimiccoli, F., Díaz, C., von Doetinchem, P., Donnini, F., Du, W. J., Duranti, M., D’Urso, D., Eronen, T., Fan, Y. Y., Farnesini, L., Feng, J., Fiandrini, E., Fiasson, A., Finch, E., Galaktionov, Y., Gallucci, G., García, B., García-López, R., Gargiulo, C., Gast, H., Gebauer, I., Gervasi, M., Ghelfi, A., Gillard, W., Giovacchini, F., Gong, J., Goy, C., Grabski, V., Grandi, D., Graziani, M., Guandalini, C., Guerri, I., Guo, K. H., Haas, D., Habiby, M., Haino, S., Han, K. C., He, Z. H., Hoffman, J., Huang, Z. C., Huh, C., Incagli, M., Ionica, M., Jang, W. Y., Jinchi, H., Kanishev, K., Kim, G. N., Kim, K. S., Kirn, Th., Kossakowski, R., La Vacca, G., Laudi, E., Laurenti, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lee, H. T., Lee, S. C., Leluc, C., Levi, G., Li, H. L., Li, J. Q., Li, Q., Li, T. X., Li, W., Li, Y., Li, Z. H., Li, Z. Y., Lim, S., Lin, C. H., Lipari, P., Lippert, T., Liu, D., Liu, H., Lolli, M., Lomtadze, T., Lu, M. J., Lu, S. Q., Lu, Y. S., Luebelsmeyer, K., Luo, J. Z., Lv, S. S., Majka, R., Mañá, C., Marín, J., Martin, T., Martínez, G., Masi, N., Maurin, D., Menchaca-Rocha, A., Meng, Q., Mo, D. C., Morescalchi, L., Mott, P., Müller, M., Ni, J. Q., Nikonov, N., Nozzoli, F., Nunes, P., Obermeier, A., Oliva, A., Orcinha, M., Palmonari, F., Palomares, C., Paniccia, M., Papi, A., Pauluzzi, M., Pedreschi, E., Pensotti, S., Pereira, R., Picot-Clemente, N., Pilo, F., Piluso, A., Pizzolotto, C., Pohl, M., Poireau, V., Postaci, E., Putze, A., Quadrani, L., Qi, X. M., Qin, X., Qu, Z. Y., Räihä, T., Rancoita, P. G., Rapin, D., Ricol, J. S., Rodríguez, I., Rosier-Lees, S., Rozza, D., Sagdeev, R., Sandweiss, J., Saouter, P., Sbarra, C., Schael, S., Schmidt, S. M., von Dratzig, A. Schulz, Schwering, G., Scolieri, G., Seo, E. S., Shan, B. S., Shan, Y. H., Shi, J. Y., Shi, X. Y., Shi, Y. M., Siedenburg, T., Son, D., Spada, F., Spinella, F., Sun, W., Sun, W. H., Tacconi, M., Tang, C. P., Tang, X. W., Tang, Z. C., Tao, L., Tescaro, D., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Türkoğlu, C., Urban, T., Vagelli, V., Valente, E., Vannini, C., Valtonen, E., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J. P., Vitale, V., Vitillo, S., Wang, L. Q., Wang, N. H., Wang, Q. L., Wang, R. S., Wang, Z. X., Whitman, K., Wienkenhöver, J., Wu, H., Wu, X., Xia, X., Xie, M., Xie, S., Xiong, R. Q., Xin, G. M., Xu, N. S., Yang, J., Yang, M., Ye, Q. H., Yi, H., Yu, Y. J., Yu, Z. Q., Zeissler, S., Zhang, J. H., Zhang, M. T., Zhang, X. B., Zhang, Z., Zheng, Z. M., Zhuang, H. L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, N., Zurbach, C., Becker, Ulrich J., Behlmann, Matthew Daniel, Burger, Joseph D., Cai, Xudong, Capell, Michael H., Chen, Hai, Choumilov, Evgueni, Choutko, Vitali, Eline, Alexandre, Eppling, Frederic J., Fisher, Peter H., Goglov, Pavel, Heil, Melanie, Hsieh, Timothy Hwa-wei, Kounina, Olga, Kounine, Andrei, Koutsenko, Vladimir, Krafczyk, Matthew Scott, Lebedev, Alexei, Plyaskin, Vasily, Rozhkov, Andrey B., Ting, Samuel, Ting, Susan Marks, Vaurynovich, Siarhei S., Wang, Xiaozhen, Weng, Zhili, Xu, Weiwei, Yan, Qi, Zuccon, Paolo, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AMS, Azzarello, Philipp, Bourquin, Maurice, Cadoux, Franck, Cortina Gil, Eduardo, Haas, Daniel, Habiby Alaoui, Marion, Leluc, Catherine, Li, Yang, Paniccia, Mercedes, Pohl, Martin, Rapin, Divic Jean, Saouter, Pierre, Vitillo, Stefania, Wu, Xin, UCL - SST/IRMP - Institut de recherche en mathématique et physique, Aguilar, M, Aisa, D, Alpat, B, Alvino, A, Ambrosi, G, Andeen, K, Arruda, L, Attig, N, Azzarello, P, Bachlechner, A, Barao, F, Barrau, A, Barrin, L, Bartoloni, A, Basara, L, Battarbee, M, Battiston, R, Bazo, J, Becker, U, Behlmann, M, Beischer, B, Berdugo, J, Bertucci, B, Bigongiari, G, Bindi, V, Bizzaglia, S, Bizzarri, M, Boella, G, de Boer, W, Bollweg, K, Bonnivard, V, Borgia, B, Borsini, S, Boschini, M, Bourquin, M, Burger, J, Cadoux, F, Cai, X, Capell, M, Caroff, S, Casaus, J, Cascioli, V, Castellini, G, Cernuda, I, Cerreta, D, Cervelli, F, Chae, M, Chang, Y, Chen, A, Chen, H, Cheng, G, Cheng, L, Chou, H, Choumilov, E, Choutko, V, Chung, C, Clark, C, Clavero, R, Coignet, G, Consolandi, C, Contin, A, Corti, C, Gil, E, Coste, B, Creus, W, Crispoltoni, M, Cui, Z, Dai, Y, Delgado, C, Della Torre, S, Demirköz, M, Derome, L, Di Falco, S, Di Masso, L, Dimiccoli, F, Díaz, C, von Doetinchem, P, Donnini, F, Du, W, Duranti, M, D’Urso, D, Eline, A, Eppling, F, Eronen, T, Fan, Y, Farnesini, L, Feng, J, Fiandrini, E, Fiasson, A, Finch, E, Fisher, P, Galaktionov, Y, Gallucci, G, García, B, García López, R, Gargiulo, C, Gast, H, Gebauer, I, Gervasi, M, Ghelfi, A, Gillard, W, Giovacchini, F, Goglov, P, Gong, J, Goy, C, Grabski, V, Grandi, D, Graziani, M, Guandalini, C, Guerri, I, Guo, K, Haas, D, Habiby, M, Haino, S, Han, K, He, Z, Heil, M, Hoffman, J, Hsieh, T, Huang, Z, Huh, C, Incagli, M, Ionica, M, Jang, W, Jinchi, H, Kanishev, K, Kim, G, Kim, K, Kirn, T, Kossakowski, R, Kounina, O, Kounine, A, Koutsenko, V, Krafczyk, M, LA VACCA, G, Laudi, E, Laurenti, G, Lazzizzera, I, Lebedev, A, Lee, H, Lee, S, Leluc, C, Levi, G, Li, H, Li, J, Li, Q, Li, T, Li, W, Li, Y, Li, Z, Lim, S, Lin, C, Lipari, P, Lippert, T, Liu, D, Liu, H, Lolli, M, Lomtadze, T, Lu, M, Lu, S, Lu, Y, Luebelsmeyer, K, Luo, J, Lv, S, Majka, R, Mañá, C, Marín, J, Martin, T, Martínez, G, Masi, N, Maurin, D, Menchaca Rocha, A, Meng, Q, Mo, D, Morescalchi, L, Mott, P, Müller, M, Ni, J, Nikonov, N, Nozzoli, F, Nunes, P, Obermeier, A, Oliva, A, Orcinha, M, Palmonari, F, Palomares, C, Paniccia, M, Papi, A, Pauluzzi, M, Pedreschi, E, Pensotti, S, Pereira, R, Picot Clemente, N, Pilo, F, Piluso, A, Pizzolotto, C, Plyaskin, V, Pohl, M, Poireau, V, Postaci, E, Putze, A, Quadrani, L, Qi, X, Qin, X, Qu, Z, Räihä, T, Rancoita, P, Rapin, D, Ricol, J, Rodríguez, I, Rosier Lees, S, Rozhkov, A, Rozza, D, Sagdeev, R, Sandweiss, J, Saouter, P, Sbarra, C, Schael, S, Schmidt, S, von Dratzig, A, Schwering, G, Scolieri, G, Seo, E, Shan, B, Shan, Y, Shi, J, Shi, X, Shi, Y, Siedenburg, T, Son, D, Spada, F, Spinella, F, Sun, W, Tacconi, M, Tang, C, Tang, X, Tang, Z, Tao, L, Tescaro, D, Ting, S, Tomassetti, N, Torsti, J, Türkoğlu, C, Urban, T, Vagelli, V, Valente, E, Vannini, C, Valtonen, E, Vaurynovich, S, Vecchi, M, Velasco, M, Vialle, J, Vitale, V, Vitillo, S, Wang, L, Wang, N, Wang, Q, Wang, R, Wang, X, Wang, Z, Weng, Z, Whitman, K, Wienkenhöver, J, Wu, H, Wu, X, Xia, X, Xie, M, Xie, S, Xiong, R, Xin, G, Xu, N, Xu, W, Yan, Q, Yang, J, Yang, M, Ye, Q, Yi, H, Yu, Y, Yu, Z, Zeissler, S, Zhang, J, Zhang, M, Zhang, X, Zhang, Z, Zheng, Z, Zhuang, H, Zhukov, V, Zichichi, A, Zimmermann, N, Zuccon, P, Zurbach, C, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Laboratory for Nuclear Science, Becker, Ulrich J., Behlmann, Matthew Daniel, Burger, Joseph D., Cai, Xudong, Capell, Michael H., Chen, Andrew I., Chen, Hai, Choumilov, Evgueni, Choutko, Vitali, Eline, Alexandre, Eppling, Frederic J., Fisher, Peter H., Galaktionov, Y., Goglov, Pavel, Heil, Melanie, Hsieh, Timothy Hwa-wei, Kounina, Olga, Kounine, Andrei, Koutsenko, Vladimir, Krafczyk, Matthew Scott, Lebedev, Alexei, Li, Q., Plyaskin, Vasily, Rozhkov, Andrey B., Shi, X. Y., Sun, W. H., Ting, Samuel, Ting, Susan Marks, Vaurynovich, Siarhei S., Wang, Xiaozhen, Weng, Zhili, Xie, M., Xu, Weiwei, Yan, Qi, Zuccon, Paolo, Aguilar, M., Aisa, D., Alpat, B., Alvino, A., Ambrosi, G., Andeen, K., Arruda, L., Attig, N., Azzarello, P., Bachlechner, A., Barao, F., Barrau, A., Barrin, L., Bartoloni, A., Basara, L., Battarbee, M., Battiston, R., Bazo, J., Becker, U., Behlmann, M., Beischer, B., Berdugo, J., Bertucci, B., Bigongiari, G., Bindi, V., Bizzaglia, S., Bizzarri, M., Boella, G., De Boer, W., Bollweg, K., Bonnivard, V., Borgia, B., Borsini, S., Boschini, M.J., Bourquin, M., Burger, J., Cadoux, F., Cai, X.D., Capell, M., Caroff, S., Casaus, J., Cascioli, V., Castellini, G., Cernuda, I., Cerreta, D., Cervelli, F., Chae, M.J., Chang, Y.H., Chen, A.I., Chen, H., Cheng, G.M., Chen, H.S., Cheng, L., Chou, H.Y., Choumilov, E., Choutko, V., Chung, C.H., Clark, C., Clavero, R., Coignet, G., Consolandi, C., Contin, A., Corti, C., Gil, E. 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Schulz, Schwering, G., Scolieri, G., Seo, E.S., Shan, B.S., Shan, Y.H., Shi, J.Y., Shi, X.Y., Shi, Y.M., Siedenburg, T., Son, D., Spada, F., Spinella, F., Sun, W., Sun, W.H., Tacconi, M., Tang, C.P., Tang, X.W., Tang, Z.C., Tao, L., Tescaro, D., Ting, Samuel C.C., Ting, S.M., Tomassetti, N., Torsti, J., Türkoʇlu, C., Urban, T., Vagelli, V., Valente, E., Vannini, C., Valtonen, E., Vaurynovich, S., Vecchi, M., Velasco, M., Vialle, J.P., Vitale, V., Vitillo, S., Wang, L.Q., Wang, N.H., Wang, Q.L., Wang, R.S., Wang, X., Wang, Z.X., Weng, Z.L., Whitman, K., Wienkenhöver, J., Wu, H., Wu, X., Xia, X., Xie, S., Xiong, R.Q., Xin, G.M., Xu, N.S., Xu, W., Yan, Q., Yang, J., Yang, M., Ye, Q.H., Yi, H., Yu, Y.J., Yu, Z.Q., Zeissler, S., Zhang, J.H., Zhang, M.T., Zhang, X.B., Zhang, Z., Zheng, Z.M., Zhuang, H.L., Zhukov, V., Zichichi, A., Zimmermann, N., Zuccon, P., and Zurbach, C.

Subjects
Astrophysics and Astronomy, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Electron, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, Space mission, Nuclear physics, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], FIS/05 - ASTRONOMIA E ASTROFISICA, Physics and Astronomy (all), Rigidity (electromagnetism), Positron, 0103 physical sciences, Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer, ddc:550, AMS, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cosmic rays, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, Spectral index, ta115, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Spectral density, FIS/01 - FISICA SPERIMENTALE, Proton Flux, Cosmic Rays, Protons, Cosmic Rays, proton flux
Abstract

Physical review letters 114(17), 171103 (2015). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.171103, Published by APS, College Park, Md.

Published
2015
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150. First analysis of ground-level enhancement (GLE) 72 on 10 September 2017:first analysis of ground-level enhancement (GLE) 72 on 10 September 2017

Author

Mishev, A. (A.), Usoskin, I. (I.), Raukunen, O. (O.), Paassilta, M. (M.), Valtonen, E. (E.), Kocharov, L. (L.), and Vainio, R. (R.)

Subjects
Energetic particles, Solar cosmic rays, Protons
Abstract

Using data obtained with neutron monitors and space-borne instruments, we analyzed the second ground-level enhancement (GLE) of Solar Cycle 24, namely the event of 10 September 2017 (GLE 72), and derived the spectral and angular characteristics of associated GLE particles. We employed a new neutron-monitor yield function and a recently proposed model based on an optimization procedure. The method consists of simulating particle propagation in a model magnetosphere in order to derive the cutoff rigidity and neutron-monitor asymptotic directions. Subsequently, the rigidity spectrum and anisotropy of GLE particles are obtained in their dynamical evolution during the event on the basis of an inverse-problem solution. The derived angular distribution and spectra are discussed briefly.

Published
2018

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