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First-hand accounts explaining how a young British virtuosa went about establishing an international career in the later eighteenth century are scant. However, a previously unstudied handwritten page contained within the Rackett Family of Spettisbury Archive at the Dorset History Centre provides new insights into this underexplored area. In this article, I examine an anonymous 1769 document entitled 'a Vienne' from which the guiding voices of eminent musicians at the Vienna court, including Johann Adolf Hasse, Faustina Bordoni, Marianna Martines and their circle, emerge. I argue that this item is in fact an aide-mémoire memorializing intimate glimpses of private conversations, career-shaping advice and impressions that helped mould its author into a virtuosa. Further, by means of palaeographical and biographical evidence I identify the author as the young British glass-armonica player Marianne Davies and assert that her recollections, preserved in this hitherto overlooked piece of ephemera, reconstruct how the educational process of becoming a virtuosa took place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Sigmund Freud's escape from Austria at the end of his life, and his experiences during his last year in London, are explored. The two homes where Freud lived in London and Vienna are compared, and their unique characteristics examined. During Freud's final year at home in London he was busy and active, writing, seeing patients, receiving visitors, surrounded by family and friends, until his cancer was no longer treatable. Freud died at home in September 1939. Freud's legacy is preserved today in museums in both his homes, Berggasse 19 and 20 Maresfield Gardens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Over the past decades, the number of single households is constantly rising in metropolitan regions. In addition, they became increasingly heterogeneous. In the media, individuals who live alone are sometimes still presented as deficient. Recent research, however, indicates a way more complex picture. Using the example of Vienna, this paper investigates the quality of life of different groups of single households in the city. Based on five waves of the Viennese Quality of Life Survey covering almost a quarter of a century (1995–2018), we analyse six domains of subjective well-being (satisfaction with the financial situation, the housing situation, the main activity, the family life, social contacts, and leisure time activities). Our analyses reveal that, in most domains, average satisfaction of single households has hardly changed over time. However, among those living alone satisfaction of senior people (60+) increased while satisfaction of younger people (below age 30) decreased. Increasing differences in satisfaction with main activity, housing, or financial situation reflect general societal developments on the Viennese labour and housing markets. The old clichéd images of the "young, reckless, happy single" and the "lonely, poor, dissatisfied senior single" reverse reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

The article presents a hitherto unknown graphic sheet engraved by Philipp Kilian after a design by Karel Škréta with the theme of the celebration of Philipp Friedrich Breuner, bishop of Vienna and former auxiliary bishop of Olomouc. The bishop is represented in the allegorical scene through his patron saints – his namesake St Philip, St Stephen as the patron of St Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna and St Pauline, the patron saint of Olomouc. St Pauline is depicted with the attribute of the so-called Breuner’s Reliquary, a splendid case dedicated in her honour by Bishop Breuner in 1640. Similarly, St Stephen is depicted with his altar that Breuner as Prince-Bishop of Vienna commissioned for St Stephen’s Cathedral. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

The paper addresses the forgotten history of the Islamische Gemeinde zu Wien (registered name: Islamische Gemeinschaft zu Wien) the Muslim organisation in Vienna during the Second World War. It begins by reviewing the scant information in the literature, which places the organisation exclusively in a context of collaboration. Based on statements from a contemporary witness and obscure Croatian secret police sources, it then draws a complex picture of a small community of mainly Bosnian Muslim students, caught between Nazi recruitment for the nascent 13th Waffen Mountain Division of the SS "Handschar", Bosniak autonomist aspirations, and the personal desire to avoid military service, and includes its efforts to protect Jews. Through this, the paper illuminates the early history of a group whose core members played a central role in Islamic community institutionalisation in post-war Austria, and culminated in the organisation's official reapproval in 1979. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of History Pages is the property of National Technical University of Ukraine KPI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Copyright of Croatian Musicological Review / Arti Musices is the property of Croatian Musicological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Since antiquity, the phenomenon of friendship has attracted the attention of philosophers, theologians and, most recently, also of the representatives of many others scientific disciplines. At the beginning of this study, which interconnects the findings of sociology, philosophy and anthropology with the historiographical approaches, the problems going with the attempt to define the concept of "friendship" are presented in a systematic way. Afterward, the article deals with the question in which way a long-term correspondence can be used for the analysis of the relationship between two historical protagonists who have been considered as friends. The interpretation problems and the possible methodological approaches in researching the friendship of two correspondents are illustrated on the large complex of the letters between Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk and Josef Svatopluk Machar. These letters come from 1893 to 1932 and are widely unknown for large public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

This study is dedicated to the Dutch painter Remigius van Haanen (1812–1894), who settled in Vienna in 1837, gaining acclaim for his romantic winter landscapes. It examines the painter’s life, work, numerous study trips abroad, and his significance for 19th-century landscape art in central Europe. Using archival documents and contemporary press sources, the study explores the artist’s affiliations with Viennese artistic circles and his extensive network of business contacts. Additionally, it provides insight into Van Haanen’s art collecting activities, focusing especially on the Dutch masters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Bringing sinful people onto the path of virtue is a basic pastoral concern of Christianity. With the begin of the Catholic renewal this path of virtue was a crucial element of Pastoral care with the Virgin Mary was stylised as a role model for women of all classes, both in humility (humilitas) and strength (fortitudo). The focus of this contribution is on German-language oratorios in Vienna and their threefold "translation problem": on the one hand, in the realisation of theological content, on the other hand, in the confrontation with Italian (court) librettistics, which are indispensable as a model, and thirdly (as far as they have survived at all) in the musical realisation of the texts. Whether, in addition, changed theological-pastoral concepts, as they increasingly took hold in Vienna around the middle of the century (turning away from the Baroque "heaven of saints", strengthening Eucharist and Christology, discourse on indulgences), were able to find their way into the depiction of virtue, finding the right way in the area of tension between cardinal virtues and mortal sins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Průzkumy Památek is the property of Narodni Pamatkovy Ustav and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

During the Age of Enlightenment, many Poles pursued medical studies at various European universities. One of them was Jan Dominik Piotr Jaśkiewicz. Born on 6 July 1749 in Lviv to an Armenian family, he moved to Vienna in the late 1760s to study medicine at the university under the supervision of renowned professors: Anton de Haën, Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz, Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin, and others. Jaśkiewicz graduated in 1775 with a Doctor of Medicine degree, based on the thesis titled "Dissertatio inauguralis medica sistens pharmaca regni vegetabilis", in which he provided a list, description, and healing properties of some plant species, arranged according to the systematics of Carl von Linnè (Linnaeus). Through his dissertation, Jaśkiewicz popularized in Poland the views of the Viennese medical school, among others, on the medical use of digitalis. For some time he remained in Vienna, attempting to secure a suitable position. Between 1780 and 1783, Jaśkiewicz expanded his knowledge of nature through travels to Italy, Germany, and France. After presenting his mineralogical observations in Paris, Jaśkiewicz was appointed as a correspondent member of the Paris Academy of Sciences. It was during this time in Paris that Jaśkiewicz met Jan Śniadecki, who later became his friend, colleague, and patient. Subsequently, Hugo Kołłątaj appointed Jaśkiewicz as a professor of natural history and chemistry at the Crown's Main School in Kraków (Jagiellonian University). He began his lectures in Kraków on 1 October 1783. It should be emphasized that Jaśkiewicz laid the foundations for Polish scientific vocabulary. He also played a crucial role in establishing a chemical laboratory and organizing a botanical garden and a cabinet of natural history. In February 1783, Jaśkiewicz took on the position of a hospital physician (director) at the St. Barbara Academic Hospital, where he focused on organizing the hospital's finances and management. Around the same time, he declined additional remuneration for this role. In 1787, Jaśkiewicz assumed the duties of the house physician for the Wielopolski margrave in Pińczów. Jaśkiewicz died in Kraków on 14 November 1809. Throughout his life, he was an active physician and performed his medical career independently of other duties. Jaśkiewicz gained considerable recognition and popularity for his achievements in the medical field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Over recent decades, the Quay Brothers (identical twins Stephen and Timothy) have developed an aesthetic language that is immediately recognisable and has gained them many admirers – no matter what media they express themselves in. They combine filmmaking, drawing, calligraphy, puppetry and moody chiaroscuro décor and installations. Edwin Carels, former curator of the International Film Festival Rotterdam, guides us through one of their recent installations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

On November 2, 2020, the Austrian capital Vienna experienced the worst terrorist attack in decades: A self-proclaimed Islamist gunman killed four people and injured 23 others. The attack triggered an extremely strong media response, especially in the so-called social media. This article focuses on the days and weeks following the terrorist attack on Twitter as well as its first anniversary and the question of how collective memories formed within a very short time through the jointly negotiated remembrance of the terrorist attack by social media users around the world. The study also shows how the Vienna attack was incorporated into other pre-existing collective memories of other terrorist attacks and how it created memory waves spanning the whole globe. Within the first 48 hr, the narratives that should dominate the debate and the memory of the attack for the coming weeks took shape. The attack in Vienna was primarily reflected in places where comparable attacks had occurred in recent years and became a narrative part of other political or ideological conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

The role of student housing within social infrastructure provision is arguably overlooked. This is a vital issue, as purpose-built student accommodation provides a significant stock of affordable accommodation for students in European university cities while also supporting their social integration in the urban environment. Although an increasing involvement of for-profit student home developers and providers has been diversifying the landscape of student housing across European university cities in the last decade, this change has been mainly associated with the internationalisation of students’ mobility and the financialisation processes driven by private investors. Subsequently, this article expands these supply and demand side perspectives by localising student housing as social infrastructure. Using Vienna as a case study, the authors mapped purpose-built student accommodation locations and conducted qualitative interviews to analyse recent changes in the provision of student housing and to discuss its implications for the social dimension of purpose-built student accommodation. Accordingly, the respective analysis identifies different logics of student housing providers concerning expansion plans and housing quality, which, in turn, affect the function of student housing as social infrastructure. As a result, this article emphasises the need to critically reflect on the overlooked role of student housing as social infrastructure and the role of public actors as well as their policies in the financialisation of purpose-built student accommodation. more...

Urban environment management (UEM) and environmental social science (ESS) are two interconnected approaches that show significant potential for creating more sustainable and liveable cities. Their research has, however, been mainly disjointed, which may be because planning and policy have placed more emphasis on UEM than ESS at the same time. This research examined ESS in terms of the quality of life (QOL) criteria and sense of place (SOP) of citizens living by the river with the UEM intervention in the form of policies and programmes. The effects of fieldwork in the form of specialised and spatial interviews are presented in this research, which is usually ignored in the literature review of this type of analysis. The study aims to fill the current gap in this field in three European capitals by providing a reflective methodological account of fieldwork and the ‘elite interviewing’ approach. This paper produces a distinct form of the localisation of the research and sampling techniques and is as new, interactive and developing as possible. The results of the present study are underpinned by the conceptual model of research, which supports the main aim of this analysis and tries to examine the components of research in a new perspective. The findings highlighted that maintaining and strengthening ESS for citizens living next to rivers require innovative UEM, which uses urban creativity in the field of goals, urban settlements, strategies and management solutions to provide the base for increasing the liveability of the city and improving the quality of urban life. more...

The article discusses the increased risk of VTE in cancer patients, particularly in those with colorectal cancer. Topics include the pathophysiology of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in cancer patients; the clinical case of a 38-year-old patient presenting with DVT; and the challenges of managing VTE in cancer patients, with an emphasis on the increased risk of thrombotic events in malignancy and the lack of comprehensive management guidelines. more...

This article explores how national conflicts were defined, negotiated, and resolved (or not) during the 1892 Vienna International Exhibition of Music and Drama. Through a combination of archival research and reception history, I analyze the various approaches to the organization of the exhibition, which institutionalized political formations in the structure of the event and coopted preexisting institutions that straddled imperial and national lines, such as the Prague National Theater. I then go on to explore the transnational resonances of the Czech delegation’s wildly successful residency at the exhibition, and how groups both within and outside the Austro-Hungarian Empire instrumentalized the Czechs’ triumphs and recast them with an eye toward advancing their own national narratives. While approaches to nationalist issues may have differed greatly among the various stakeholders at the 1892 exhibition, they all agreed on one thing—the power of theater to potentially upend the political status quo. previous article back to index next article more...

Ultra reliable low latency communication (URLLC) is a use case of 5G which requires high reliability and low latency. We need to evaluate the capability of various physical layer technologies in achieving such high quality of services (QoS) in realistic channels, so as to devise novel technologies which can bridge the gaps identified. In this paper, we are using VIENNA 5G simulator to achieve 5G URLLC, by combining system and link level simulations, using the third generation partnership project (3GPP) specifications for 5G. Extensive simulation data is analyzed to evaluate the QoS and radio resource efficiency of various physical layer techniques to achieve 5G URLLC. We calculate the threshold signal to noise ratio (SNR) in additive white Gaussian channel (AWGN) which can be used for link adaptation in URLLC when using short packets. Closed loop link adaptation and macro-diversity are found to be more effective methods to achieve high reliability as compared to open loop micro-diversity. Relaxed error target per macro-diversity link is shown to provide better radio resource efficiency as compared to using same error target for all links. It is also shown that flexible subcarrier spacing and mini-slot level scheduling can support required transmission delay so as to meet the target end-to-end latency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Austria's exclusive model of citizenship, and restrictive policies on migration, refugee reception and asylum, dating back to the 1990s, create structural barriers to refugee integration in the country's economic and socio-cultural life. In this article, we shed light on Vienna, a city renowned for its comprehensive social policies. However, the inclusive integration approach adopted by the city clashes with the stricter national migration and asylum policies. By relying on actor-centred institutionalism, we trace the interdependencies of various policy fields shaping refugees' integration pathways after their arrival. From a methodological perspective, we draw upon document analysis and semi-structured interviews with policymakers and NGO workers. The findings show that refugees' and asylum seekers' integration within Vienna depends on multiple actors with partially overlapping responsibilities, which creates a strong network of (institutional) opportunity structures. This multi-level system may benefit from the expertise of, and strong relations between the actors involved. However, its weakness lies in its dependency on funding and the limited participation opportunities for civil society. In this paper, we emphasize the high degree of institutionalization in the Viennese integration policy regime, which is equipped to modify provision to address current needs, while civil society actors remain underrepresented in the policy-making process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

This article contributes to shedding light, documenting, and disseminating a pioneer event that has not been part of the recorded history of urban planning. In 1991, two feminist engineers working at the City of Vienna's Urban Planning Office organized a ground-breaking exhibition with the aim of understanding gender bias in urban design. The event exceeded their prospects in an unanticipated way. Since 1991, the City of Vienna led the way to the conceptualization of gender mainstreaming that was happening at the European level – and that did not take place until 1997, when the Amsterdam Treaty came into effect. In 1992, the City of Vienna established the Women's Office, with authority in urban affairs. Paradoxically, the success of the exhibition did not allow the organizers to properly document and preserve it, nor was it conserved in the City's Archive. This unprecedented research relies on unreleased archival material gathered from the personal archives of the exhibition's photographers, as well as from ad-hoc interviews with the organizers, Jutta Kleedorfer and Eva Kail. Thirty years later, the City of Vienna is known for this approach to urban planning. The exhibition 'Who Owns Public Spaces? Women's Everyday Life in the City' was the turning point. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Official lodgings from the 19th century are hardly preserved today. Thanks to lucky circumstances and to the wise foresight of Hans Strouhal (from 1951 to 1963 first director of the NHMW), large parts of the first directors' apartment in the Natural History Museum Vienna have been preserved. In some rooms, not only the historic murals but also wallpapers and interior elements such as lamps and cabinets have been preserved. Some rooms in today's fish collections were used continuously as apartment until the end of 1919. The combination of room design, painting, wallpapers and interior still visible there can rightly be considered a unique historical document of fin de siècle design and work life. Investigative uncoverings in 2021 have revealed that murals which were thought to have been lost are still hidden, largely intact, under modern white wall paint. The preserved rooms as well as the uncoverings allow a glimpse into the now almost forgotten living and working culture of the Viennese upper middle classes and their home design preferences. In addition, a graphic reconstruction of the "grand salon" provides for the first time a hypothetical glimpse into the planning of the NHMW's first director, Ferdinand von Hochstetter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Summary: Ixodes ricinus is the most relevant vector for tick-borne diseases in Austria and responsible for the transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s. l.), which causes Lyme borreliosis in humans; however, also other bacteria and protozoa can be found in ticks and have the potential of infecting people and animals. In this study we collected ticks in popular recreational areas in the city of Vienna in the years 2019 and 2020 and analyzed them for the presence of such putative pathogenic microorganisms. By using reverse line blot (RLB) hybridization we detected DNA of B. burgdorferi s. l., Rickettsia spp., Babesia spp., Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis (CNM) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Moreover, we also screened them for the relapsing fever spirochete Borrelia miyamotoi employing real-time PCR. The most frequently detected pathogens were B. burgdorferi s. l. in 28.6% of the ticks in 2019 and 21.3% of the ticks in 2020. The genus Rickettsia was detected in 13.8% of the ticks from 2019 and only in 4.6% from 2020. Babesia spp. were detected in 5.7% in 2019 and 4.2% in 2020. Furthermore, we detected CNM in 4.0% (2019) and 5.6% (2020), A. phagocytophilum in 0.5% (2019) and 1.3% (2020) and finally B. miyamotoi in 3.3% (2019) and 1.7% (2020). Collectively, we show that various microorganisms are prevalent in ticks collected in Vienna and identify hotspots for B. miyamotoi, which we have detected for the first time in the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Critical scholars dealing with platform capitalism, platform urbanism and smart city developments have emphasized manifold challenges connected to the rise of digital platforms and in particular the “Tech Titans”. Due to their economic and political power, platforms are by now often understood as new forms of infrastructures, thus making them an inherent public issue. Alternative models of developing platforms as public infrastructures, such as the emerging concept of platform municipalism point to an ideological shift in planning ideas. However, research on the process of developing planning ideas and their connection to the actual implementation of public platforms is still rare. Thus, this article focuses on the discursive institutionalization of public platforms in Vienna, their ideological foundations and the discursive interactions between different agents to implement new digital infrastructures. The article finds that there has been an ideological shift in the strategic orientation of planning ideas towards a more human-centred development of platforms as new infrastructures. However, lack of coordination and institutional barriers persist. The article critically reflects on the role of local governments in developing digital infrastructures and thus contributes to debates on smart urbanism, platform urbanism and platform municipalism by providing in-depth knowledge on the case of Vienna. more...

In this study, architectural style and “Ornament is Crime” motto of Adolf Loos, being against of the nineteenth century Vienna’s architectural style, especially after the Industrial Revolution, will be examined. It is revealed that Adolf Loos’s most known motto “Ornament is Crime” has deeper meanings and Loos designed various buildings throughout his career according to his evolution. When his designs analyzed chronologically it is understood that Loos had a great change that is Loos reflects his true thoughts more and more in his designs as time goes on. When Adolf Loos said his famous motto, “Ornament is Crime” in Vienna’s nineteenth century, Vienna was changing, urbanizing and developing very intensely with the effect of the industrial revolution. Loos and many architects, painters, artists opposed the mass production and devaluation of handmade materials brought by the industrial revolution, but Loos has always been in a different position than others. Although Adolf Loos seems to advocate simplicity, he did not avoid the use of expensive materials in the interiors of the spaces he designed. In other words, Loos has supported the mask metaphor by simplifying its design that is visible to the outside world. more...

BackgroundProstate cancer is the most common cancer in men. Several efficient treatments are available for primary prostate cancer, but an economic comparison of these modalities has not been done in Austria.Objective and settingThe current study provides an economic comparison of radiotherapy and surgery for prostate cancer in Vienna and Austria.MethodsWe analyzed the catalog of medical services of the Austrian Federal Ministry of Social Affairs, Health, Care and Consumer Protection and present the treatment costs for the public health sector with an LKF-point value and monetary value in 2022.ResultsExternal beam radiotherapy, especially ultrahypofractionated, is the least costly treatment modality for low-risk prostate cancer, with costs of 2,492 € per treatment. For intermediate-risk prostate cancer, differences between moderate hypofractionation and brachytherapy are small, with costs of 4,638–5,140 €. In a high-risk setting, differences between radical prostatectomy and radiotherapy with androgen deprivation therapy are small (7,087 € vs. 7474.06 €).ConclusionFrom a purely financial point of view, treatment of low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer in Vienna and Austria should consist of radiotherapy as long as the current catalog of services is up to date. For high-risk prostate cancer, no major difference was found. more...

In this microhistorical study of the Swedish Mission to the Jews (Svenska Israelsmissionen) in Vienna, I explore the everyday life and work of the deaconess Greta Andrén (1909–71) during the time of the Nazi occupation of Austria. Andrén’s actions are presented and related to the parts of her faith that are revealed in the sources. From this I distil a triad of meaningful categories, namely her work, the children she worked with, and God. These resulted in her sustaining an on­­going state of over-exertion during her wartime refugee work. more...

The Austrian capital of Vienna is widely acknowledged as one of the most livable cities, featuring a unique model of council housing that accounts for roughly 25% of all residential dwellings. This paper studies whether the broad provision of council housing is linked with a higher social mix in the neighbourhood. The analysis is based on administrative wage tax data at a small-scale raster grid of 500 × 500 meter with neighbourhood income inequality as an indicator for the social mix. While council housing is widely spread across the city, we find distinct spatial clusters of high and low income and inequality. Spatial econometric models show that council housing in Vienna is associated with lower income areas but slightly correlates with higher neighbourhood income inequality. These findings suggest that well-designed public housing policies may contribute to a higher social mix in a city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

The art of Austrian Kindertransportee Helga Michie has been much discussed, particularly in the context of the work of her identical twin, Holocaust writer Ilse Aichinger. This article, however, focuses in particular on Michie's daughter, English-born painter Ruth Rix, and the relationship with her mother. It considers Rix's appropriation of images inspired by Austrian family photographs and more than a hundred picture postcards, provided by Michie. Across two generations, the art of mother and daughter – overshadowed by the Holocaust – is introduced, examining how each influenced the other, with Rix grappling with both memory and postmemory. As she suggests, Michie offered a 'doorway' into Austria, and she, conversely, one to Englishness, though both strayed constantly 'in and out of each other's worlds'. Motifs inspired by private and wider tragedies highlight shared concerns: fracture, family, memory, identity, loss and notions of home, creating a trans-generational body of work which, when taken as a whole, is even more powerful than when viewed apart. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Gender mainstreaming originated in the late 20th century as a tool for gender equality in multiple political and social areas. In the context of urban planning and design, it was raised as a response towards the male-dominated and car-centered urban model of our modern cities, arguing that the traditional built environment often neglects the needs of people with limited access to vehicular transportation modes. This disproportionately affects women whose daily routines often include other care-giving responsibilities, making them more reliant on non-vehicular transportation and susceptible to shortcomings in the design of public spaces. Starting with an analysis of the history and development of gender mainstreaming, this paper aims to explore gender-sensitive measures and applications in the context of Vienna, Austria. It investigates key commitments outlined in the government urban strategy plans as well as implementations of gender mainstreaming strategies at different urban planning and design scales throughout the city, particularly focusing on the aspern Seestadt masterplan in Vienna. Through understanding the process and impact of gender mainstreaming strategies in Vienna, this paper argues the importance of integrating a multitude of voices into the design of our urban environments, not limited to gender but also including race, religion, sexuality and abilities in order to create accessible, inclusive and human-oriented cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

The last few years have witnessed an explosion in printing technologies that facilitate the dressing of buildings in a thin veneer of advertising, visual trickery and anamorphic distortions. David Freeland and Brennan Buck are interested in the articulation of these techniques and scales, and what they might mean for contemporary architecture and our visual experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Founded in 1881, the Wiener Freiwillige Rettungs-Gesellschaft (WFRG) sought to provide first aid to city dwellers in fin-de-siècle Vienna. This article analyzes how first responders established themselves as intermediaries between patients and the medical clinic and sought legitimacy from authorities as medical professionals. First responders contributed to processes of medicalization, widely shared information on patients, and readily deferred to police at a time of rapid change. Drawing on Viennese newspapers and the WFRG's annual reports and daily logbooks, the author shows how first responders dealt with public scrutiny, conscripted themselves into the fight against malingerers, and joined authorities in administratively surveying and morally policing patients' bodies. In their quest to gain social and professional legit imacy, first responders' medicalizing practices and deference to existing authorities went hand in hand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Summary: Background: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection can cause severe viral hepatitis and eventually liver failure. We aim to provide novel data on the epidemiology and the course of HEV infections from Q1/2008 to Q3/2018 at the Vienna General Hospital. Methods: Of the 88,945 people tested, we identified HEV-IgM positive (+) or HEV-PCR (+) patients and retrospectively collated information on the course of infection from patient records. Results: Among 151 HEV-IgM or PCR (+) (median age 51 years, 45.8% female), 7 (4.6%) had non-severe acute HEV infection (ALT ≥ 2–5-fold upper limit of normal, ULN), 11 (7.3%) had severe HEV infection without liver dysfunction (LD) (ALT > 5-fold ULN), and 9 (6.0%) with LD (ikterus or bilirubin > 5 mg/dL, OR coagulopathy or INR > 1.5, OR encephalopathy or ammonia > 100 µmol/L). HEV-RNA-PCR was performed in 58/190 (30.5%) HEV-IgM (+) patients and was positive in 19 (30.6%). Rates of HEV IgM/PCR positivity remained stable over the observation period. The HEV genotype (GT) was GT‑1 in 71.4% (n = 5) and GT‑3 in 28.6% (n = 2). Travel history was recorded for 9/20 (45.0%) of severe HEV and 12/20 (60.0%) patients with severe HEV infection were hospitalized. One patient with pre-existing liver disease and concomitant EBV infection required intensive care. No patient required transplantation and the 30-day mortality was 3/151 (1.9%). Despite the increased testing rates, the absolute number of diagnosed HEV infections at Vienna General Hospital remained constant between 2008 to 2018. Conclusion: Although approximately half of the patients with severe acute HEV infection required hospitalization, admissions to the intensive care unit (ICU) and short-term mortality were low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

This paper presents the influential Austrian sports publicist, official and athlete Otto Herschmann (1877–1942). He created a unique contemporary document with his book Viennese Sport in 1904. This book is a key text for understanding the political and social condition of sport in Vienna in its constituent phase. Despite this, the book has been virtually unrecognized even in the relevant literature. The study examines the social and political situation of sport in the central European metropolis of Vienna around 1900, focusing primarily on the class relations of sporting practices. The overall question is how British sport diffused into the stratified society of the Habsburg Monarchy. The main sources are Herschmann's book and contemporary newspaper reports which are contextualized with the relevant secondary literature. The theoretical framework of the study is provided by Bourdieu's reflections on the differentiation of the 'semi-autonomous field of forces' of sport, as he set them out in the two texts Historical and Social Preconditions of Modern Sport and Program for a Sociology of Sport. Overall, it becomes apparent that there was no uniform, linear establishment practice of sport in Vienna around 1900. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of College of Law Journal for Legal & Political Sciences / Magallat Kulliyyat Al-Qanun Li-L-ulum Al-Qanuniyyat Wa-Al-Siyasiyyat is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Using Vienna as an example, the article develops a differentiated view of scarcity in the housing market that goes beyond a general consideration of the relationship between supply and demand or its focus on issues of affordability or formal accessibility. In addition to looking at housing supply and access regulations, it focuses on the demand side through a qualitative analysis of the experiences of people looking for housing, presented in explorative case studies, asking for whom and due to what factors housing is scarce. The results suggest that the socio-cultural resources of housing seekers, such as origin and language, knowledge of the housing market, housing search practices and strategies, and time invested in housing search, are additional factors influencing scarcity that have only been marginally considered. At the same time, the paper shows that the way in which housing needs are manifested as demand in a housing market through the actions of housing seekers is the result of complex negotiations and trade-offs that take place against the background of subjective assessments of scarcity in parts of the housing market and experiences of one's own opportunities in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Mesovita Gradja is the property of Istorijski Institut and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Originating from Leipzig and active in Vienna, the printmaker and painter Donat Hübschmann (†1583) had clients from Hungary who were close to the joint Hungarian and Bohemian royal and imperial court in Vienna of the composite Habsburg Monarchy, to which the Kingdom of Hungary belonged. Miklós Oláh (Nicolaus Olahus), humanist prelate and Archbishop of Esztergom, and head of the Hungarian Court Chancellery based in Vienna, commissioned him to make a copy of his etched portrait. János Zsámboky (Johannes Sambucus), who entered court service as a humanist, ordered two works from him. In 1564–65 Zsámboky had an illustrated broadsheet made to commemorate the coronation in Pozsony (now Bratislava, Slovakia) as King of Hungary of Archduke Maximilian II of Habsburg in 1563, which was decorated with a woodcut by Donat Hübschmann: a veduta of Pozsony. Further, in 1566 he assigned Donat Hübschmann to produce a copy of the earliest surviving printed map of Hungary (Lazarus secretarius, Tabula Hungariae, 1528). Other Hungarian-related works can be found among the master's prints, such as a woodcut portrait of Hans Francolin the Younger, Hungarian Herald of Ferdinand I. It is likely that Donat Hübschmann was also responsible for the painted decoration on five letters patent, which were commissioned by Hungarian noblemen and issued by the Hungarian Court Chancellery in Vienna. In every case, the miniature coats of arms were signed with the monogram "DH". The calligraphic decoration of these can be attributed to the noted calligrapher György (George) Bocskay and his workshop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

In 1926, the renowned Jewish photographer Madame d'Ora (born Dora Kallmus) took one of the rare pictures of an artist* who performed as a so-called Damenimitator (female impersonator). This rare visual set piece shows the "female impersonator" Barbette, as they pose on a stool sideways looking into the camera. They are wearing lipstick and a beaded dance dress, typical of vaudeville performers of the time. The photograph suggests an ambience that gender-bending performers like Barbette created during their performances to challenge conventional gender relations by staging sexuality. In this article, I examine how gendered identifications were played with and sexualities destabilized on vaudeville and music hall stages between 1900 and 1940. I investigate how gender bending became a modern form of artistic expression and explore the questions what visual representations of gender bending are preserved and which insights on the representation of identifications can be gained from these visual sources. I thus illustrate how artists questioned alleged dichotomies of categorizations, such as male and female, and queer them. My analysis is based on portrait photography, first-person visual documents, venue programs, and black-and-white films. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...

Copyright of Acta Historiae Artis Slovenica is the property of Scientific Research Centre of Slovenian Academy of Sciences & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...

Copyright of Revista de Historia (07169108) is the property of Universidad de Concepcion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.) more...