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Historians of the Eastern Cape of South Africa tend to focus on the history of seemingly endless wars between colonisers and Africans. This overshadows a brief interlude when humanitarian policies were not only preached but also practised in the early and mid-1820's. During this period, trade fairs served as an alternative to hostilities and offered a way of adjusting to the presence of the 1820 settlers. The largest and best known fair was at Fort Willshire, but other, smaller ones also played an important role in defining policies. Two key participants in the humanitarian experience are highlighted here: Chief Nqeno of the amaMbalu and Thomas Philipps, an 1820 settler. Their thinking and actions expose a seldom-appreciated alternative to military action. Although their principles did not prevail in the long run, the achievements of this era contributed to the shape of the future shared society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article covers the 76th annual meeting of the DVS (German Welding Society) held on September 11, 2023, in Essen, Germany, within the framework of the SCHWEISSEN & SCHNEIDEN trade fair. It mentions that the meeting, led by DVS President Susanne Szczesny-Oßing, included commemorating deceased members, honoring long-standing DVS members and firms, presenting awards, and providing reports on the DVS's activities, finances, and future research areas.

Sustainability is no longer a choice but a necessity, and there is starting to be a shift in consciousness that is putting pressure on both individuals and organisations to share responsibilities and intervene. This paper will explore how the Paper and Packaging Board (P+PB) and its partner Stein IAS found the most successful strategies to educate as many consumers as possible on the best ways to recycle paper and paper-based packaging. They realised that in order to communicate with consumers effectively and economically, a traditional business-to-consumer framework would not suffice. Instead, P+PB and Stein IAS embarked on a mission to follow a B2B2C framework, focusing on engaging packaging manufacturers and their e-commerce clients to reach a broader consumer audience. They understood that they had to convince box manufacturers and e-commerce brands to join the programme, known as 'Box to Nature', which aimed to inspire consumers to recycle boxes correctly, emphasising the exponential effect of proper recycling. The strategy involved showing up where the majority of the target audience was engaged, creating a relevant and bold experience. The launch of the initiative at PACK EXPO, one of the industry's largest trade shows, was a significant step in this direction. The team found a unique, powerful and relevant way to connect with the desired audience in unexpected ways, resulting in a big success that has led to a significant increase in the number of organisations wanting to join the programme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study illustrates neglected elements of knowledge transfer from trade fairs to industrial clusters. Based on a case study of the knowledge interactions between a trade fair and a furniture industrial cluster in China, the article presents several non-pipeline-based knowledge creation and diffusion mechanisms that have been downplayed in existing literature. Major findings of this article include that, first, trade fairs do not exist in isolation from each other; rather, they are hierarchically related with each other mainly by unidirectional knowledge flows. Trade fairs in different hierarchical levels have distinct market or technology positioning, meeting variegated knowledge needs of inferior fair participating firms. Second, trade fairs are not simply places where exhibiting firms from afar meet and establish "global pipelines"; rather, due to the openness of the market they offer opportunities for many nonexhibiting (but visiting) firms to gain critical knowledge at the site and the vicinity (including back regions) of trade fairs. Third, if trade fairs are in geographical proximity to industrial clusters, they are connected not necessarily by established global pipelines, but rather by improvised unique knowledge spillovers in the local space that are neither typical local nor global buzz. Findings suggest that existing literature has paid much attention to the pipelines of trade fairs as temporary clusters while downplaying their attribute as an open market that can facilitate more spillovers of (quasi) public knowledge both at and beyond the fair venue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to examine the exchange and cooperation process by applying the role and possibility of exhibitions and conventions to the Korean Peninsula as a means of fostering exchange and cooperation in divided countries. To this end, we examine the case of the Leipzig Trade Fair in Germany, an advanced country in the exhibition and convention industry that has successfully navigated its own division. The study reveals that in the case of East-West Germany, the trade fair continued to be held for different purposes. However, in the end, it served as a space where political and economic contacts took place, functioning as an essential conduit for human and material traffic and communication. Additionally, it played an important role in adjusting and alleviating existing conflict structures. The hosting of exhibitions and conventions, which facilitates interactions among people, becomes a critical starting point for inter-Korean exchange and cooperation, serving the purpose of creating economic benefits by promoting trade and transaction. These economic benefits lay the foundation for mutual trust and growth, mitigating conflicts and fostering a process of exchange and cooperation in exhibitions and conventions that ultimately leads to peaceful inter-Korean relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]