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Disperse dyes do not contain water‐soluble groups and are difficult to dissolve in water, so they cannot be directly formulated into dyeing liquor. In the current dyeing process, the solubility of disperse dyes is mainly improved by adding dispersants. However, dispersants are not absorbed by fibres and survive in the dyeing effluent, aggravating the pollution of water bodies and causing difficulties in treatment. Therefore, the development of a novel, eco‐friendly dyeing approach is important to overcome these problems. Herein, for the purpose of improving the solubility of disperse dyes and reducing the dosage of dispersants, a deep eutectic solvent consisting of choline chloride/ethylene glycol was employed instead of dispersant to dissolve CI Disperse Blue 79 and CI Disperse Red 343, thus forming liquid disperse dyes. The results show that both CI Disperse Blue 79 and CI Disperse Red 343 were well dissolved in choline chloride/ethylene glycol with excellent stability, and the dissolution behaviour was strongly associated with the dissolution temperature and time. Moreover, polyester fabrics can be dyed successfully with liquid disperse dyes, and it was observed that the K/S value and rubbing fastness were evidently improved at the same dyeing temperature with unchanged colour characteristics, and a higher K/S value could still be obtained by lowering the dyeing temperature. This work establishes a green dyeing process, which reduces dyeing costs and meets the demand for environmental protection. It is also expected to realise the liquid state of disperse dyes, which will help to promote the further development of textile dyeing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrogels were prepared by the free radical polymerization method successfully to remove textile dyes from the aqueous solution, due to the good properties of the hydrogels as being environmentally friendly, having a high ability to swell, high adsorption efficiency and good chemical stability. These hydrogels include surface SA-g-(PAAc-co-AM) hydrogel and its nanocomposite. The properties of the prepared hydrogels were studied using several techniques, including FESEM, TEM and XRD. Adsorption tests for these surfaces were performed on textile dyes including Brilliant green (BG), Methyl violate (MV), Malachite green (MG), Rhodamine B (RhB) and Brose Bengal (RB). We compared the surfaces of SA-g-(PAAc-co-AM) hydrogel, its nanocomposite and activated carbon (AC) as adsorbents. The best results of the percentage of removal (E%) of textile dyes were in the order of BG, RB, MV, MG and RhB. Arranging in the increasing order are as follows: SA-g-(PAAc-co-AM)/AC, SA-g-(PAAc-co-AM) and activated carbon (AC). The good results of the percentage of removal (E%) of SA-g-(PAAc-co-AM)/AC were also as follows: BG = 98.91, MG = 93.43, MV = 90.98, RhB = 77.55, RB = 70.66. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica is the property of Acta Materiea Compositae Sinica Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, we present an alternative technique for the removal of Brilliant Green dye (BG) in aqueous solutions based on the application of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) as a selective adsorbent for BG. The MIP was prepared by bulk radical polymerization using BG as the template; methacrylic acid (MAA) as the functional monomer, selected via computer simulations; ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linker; and 2,2′-azobis(2-methylpropionitrile) (AIBN) as the radical initiator. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses of the MIP and non-molecularly imprinted polymer (NIP)—used as the control material—showed that the two polymers exhibited similar morphology in terms of shape and size; however, N2 sorption studies showed that the MIP displayed a much higher BET surface (three times bigger) compared to the NIP, which is clearly indicative of the adequate formation of porosity in the former. The data obtained from FTIR analysis indicated the successful formation of imprinted polymer based on the experimental procedure applied. Kinetic adsorption studies revealed that the data fitted quite well with a pseudo-second order kinetic model. The BG adsorption isotherm was effectively described by the Langmuir isotherm model. The proposed MIP exhibited high selectivity toward BG in the presence of other interfering dyes due to the presence of specific recognition sites (IF = 2.53) on its high specific surface area (112 m2/g). The imprinted polymer also displayed a great potential when applied for the selective removal of BG in real river water samples, with recovery ranging from 99 to 101%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid growth in various industrial fields has introduced a series of new environmental risks. The textile industry is one of the major industries that is influenced by rapid advancements in technological sectors. The development in textile dying technologies has presented new types of dyes that are toxic to the ecosystem. Azo dyes are the main artificial dyes used in textiles, food, and other applications. Typically, these dyes are introduced into the environment as wastewater discharged from factories. The discharged influence penetrates the ecosystem and causes deadly diseases to human and animals. Several studies present activated carbon as a proper solution to eliminating the presence of azo dyes in the environment. However, various types of azo dye have different properties and chemical structures. Thus, there is a crucial need for more studies on the application of activated carbons to eliminate the presence of azo dyes in the environment. This paper discusses the toxic effects of azo dyes on the environment and human health. Moreover, this work presents a general review of the preparation of activated carbon and the parameters that influence the adsorption performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wastewater from the textile industry dyeing process containing high loads of synthetic dyes leads to pollution of water with these toxic and genotoxic dyes. Much effort has been put towards developing biological systems to resolve this issue. Mycoremediation is a well-known approach using fungi to remove, degrade, or remediate pollutants and can be applied to decolorize textile dyes in industrial effluent. Fungal strains from four genera of Polyporales, namely Coriolopsis sp. TBRC 2756, Fomitopsis pinicola TBRC-BCC 30881, Rigidoporus vinctus TBRC 6770, and Trametes pocas TBRC-BCC 18705, were studied for decolorization efficiency, and R. vinctus was found to exhibit the greatest activity in removing all seven tested reactive dyes and one acid dye with a decolorization efficiency of 80% or more within 7 days under limited oxygen. This fungus simultaneously degraded multiple dyes in synthetic wastewater as well as industrial effluent from the dyeing process. To enhance the decolorization rate, various fungal consortia were formulated for testing. However, these consortia only trivially improved efficiency compared with using R. vinctus TBRC 6770 alone. Evaluation of R. vinctus TBRC 6770 decolorization ability was further performed in a 15-L bioreactor to test its ability to eliminate multiple dyes from industrial effluent. The fungus took 45 days to adapt to growth in the bioreactor and subsequently reduced dye concentration to less than 10% of the initial concentration. The following six cycles required only 4–7 days to reduce dye concentrations to less than 25%, demonstrating that the system can run efficiently for multiple cycles without the need for extra medium or other carbon sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Structural colors have been regarded as an ideal alternative to pigments because of the advantages of environmental friendliness, resistance to fading, especially in the fields of textile dyeing and printing, which is highly polluted in traditional ways and needs to be upgraded. They are generated by the interaction between the micro/nano structure of the material surface and the incident light, which is closely related to the sizes and periods of the structures. Based on different nano arrangements, the structures can be roughly divided into photonic crystals and non‐photonic crystals. In this review, we summarized recent research progress in structural coloration of fibers and textiles. Learning from nature, researchers proposed various methods to fabricate biomimetic structural colors, and the applications of structural colored fibers and textiles were extended. The challenges and perspectives were also presented. Hopefully, reference for the design and preparation of structural color‐based textiles can be inspired. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of novel pyridine-bearing tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene-3-carbohydrazide mono azo dyes was synthesized by combining the Gewald and azo dye approaches with basic catalytic optimization of the intermediate product. We investigated the in vitro activity of the synthesized compounds against selected gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains and the dyeing potential was investigated by dyeing cotton, linen, cotton and silk fabrics using a fastness test. Benzo-fused phenol-substituted compound showed very good antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa (ZOI, 18 μg/mL) and B. subtilis (ZOI, 18.5 μg/mL), while showing good antibacterial potency on S. aureus (ZOI, 12.5 μg/mL). The SAR study also revealed that the presence of the nitro group in meta and para positions uplifted the antibacterial activity to the moderate stage in gram-negative bacterial strains. Additionally, assessing the dyeing performance by dry and wet rubbing fastness properties, compounds with α-naphthol, p-nitrophenol, and o-cresol fragments were observed as the most promising fabric dye candidates with excellent results referencing the grayscale and may lead to exploit in the textiles industry for dyeing clothes in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of textile effluents in water bodies is a matter of concern due to toxicity caused by textile dyes, associated heavy metals and salts. Endophytic bacteria have been reported to reduce the phytotoxicity of textile wastewater (TWW) and improve crop potential. The purpose of this study was to sequester dye-degrading endophytic bacteria with the ability to remediate textile effluents and promote tomato plant growth. Six strains showing the highest dye decolorization were screened from the dye decolorization assay. Selected strains also showed plant growth-promoting traits and improved tolerance to heavy metals and salt. The results revealed that Enterobacter cloacae ZA14 showed the highest decolorization (90%) using 200 mg L−1 of dye concentration, high minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of heavy metals and improved salt tolerance. In a sand culture experiment, the T4 (25% TWW (consisting of 25 mL TWW with 75 mL distilled water) + ZA14) treatment showed an increase in root length (9.3%), shoot length (5.5%), improved chlorophyll contents (7%), and membrane stability index (5%), whereas maximum oxidative stress was indicated by T10 (100% TWW) with an increase of 122% in MDA and 80% in H2O2 as compared to T1. An increase of 41% in ascorbate peroxidase (APX), 37% increase in sodium oxide dismutase (SOD), 27% in peroxidase (POD), and 24% in catalase (CAT) by T4 treatment showed the least production of antioxidants as compared to plants receiving 50%, 75% and 100% TWW along with ZA14 application. These results suggested that 25% TWW is beneficial for crop production with the use of an appropriate approach like Enterobacter cloacae ZA14 to mitigate textile effluents efficiently and to improve crop production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Waste valorization is attracting not only the scientific world but also the world. Acetylcellulose wastes from cigarette filter residuals are signified as the largest global impact of solid waste. Acetylcellulose recycling for desired products is a promising way for environmental management. In this regard, the current investigation is dealing with the immersion of residual filters sequentially into aqueous solutions of alkali and ethanol before water washing, which converts them into a superhydrophobic acetylcellulose adsorbent material. The morphology and characteristics of the acetylcellulose fiber were characterized using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The adsorption tendency was checked for Levafix Blue dye compromised in an aqueous stream as a model textile polluted effluent. The experimental results exposed that the acetylcellulose fiber displayed a sensible textile dye elimination from the dying stream. Langmuir isotherm is well fitting the adsorption matrix and the reaction follows the 1st-order kinetic model. The so-obtained acetylcellulose fiber showed tremendous efficiency for dye removal from aqueous effluent. The attained maximum monolayer adsorption capacity was recorded as 4.8 mg/g at pH 3.0 and an adsorbent dose of 1 g/L through the isotherm time of 2 h. Also, temperature elevation could increase the adsorption capacity to 5.7 mg/g. Due to this excellent affinity to adsorb dye at an economic wise rate is shown as a promising candidate for textile dye elimination form aqueous effluent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigated the dyeing efficiency of dye extracted from ‘insulina’ (Justica secenda) leaves. Specifically, the study determined the fastness of dye extracted from insulina leaves, to washing, sunlight and perspiration. The study adopted experimental research design. It was conducted in five phases: treatment of insulina leaves; mordanting 100 percent cotton fabric with alum (potassium aluminium sulphate); extraction of dye from insulina leaves, dyeing of the mordanted cotton fabric with the insulina dye; testing for the fastness of the dyed cotton fabric to washing, sunlight, and perspiration. Alum mordanted cotton fabric was dyed with dye extracted from insulina leaves. This gave a light yellow colour to the dried fabric. The dried dyed fabric was cut into samples (A, B, C and D) for three different treatments of determination of colour fastness of insuluna dyed fabric as follows: Samples A– boiling, Sample B – exposure to sunlight; and sample C exposure to perspiration; Sample D was control. Each of the three treatments was carried out three times. A panel of five assessed the samples (A, B, and C) using a 3-point rating scale. Data were analyzed using mean. Major findings reveal, among others, colour of fabric remained fast (light yellow) after first treatments for samples A (X̅ = 3.00) and sample B (X̅ = 3.0); subsequent treatments showed slight colour changes (X̅ =1.00). Sample C (exposed to perspiration) showed obvious change in exposeure (X̅ = 2.00) and second showed “very obvious change of colour” on the third treatment (X̅ = 0.5). It was recommended that further study be carried on more fastness of insulina dye to washing with different types of detergents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of CULCyT: Cultura Científica y Tecnológica is the property of Cultura Cientifica y Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mathematical modeling was employed in order to optimize pad-batch process using C. longa natural dyestuff applied in dyeing of cotton, against the conventional dyeing by exhaustion with the same dyestuff under best applications parameters recommended by dyestuff supplier. Ecological costs, consumption of water, electrical, and thermal energy, were assessed. The application of the model in the studied process versus the conventional process demonstrated that is possible to obtain an economy of 1.418 × 106 J kg‒1 of energy, in addition to an economy of 95% in water consumption, without significant detriment in the color fastness assessed.

Two‐dimensional MXenes are excellent photocatalysts. However, their low oxidation stability makes controlling photocatalytic processes challenging. For the first time, this work elucidates the influence of the oxidation stabilization of model 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene on its optical and photocatalytic properties. The delaminated MXene is synthesized via two well‐established approaches: hydrofluoric acid/tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAOH‐MXene) and minimum intensive layer delamination with hydrochloric acid/lithium fluoride (MILD‐MXene) and then stabilized by L‐ascorbic acid. Both MXenes at a minimal concentration of 32 mg L−1 show almost 100% effectiveness in the 180‐min photocatalytic decomposition of 25 mg L−1 model methylene blue and bromocresol green dyes. Industrial viability is achieved by decomposing a commercial textile dye having 100 times higher concentration than that of model dyes. In such conditions, MILD‐MXene is the most efficient due to less wide optical band gap than TMAOH‐MXene. The MILD‐MXene required only few seconds of UV light, simulated white light, or 500 nm (cyan) light irradiation to fully decompose the dye. The photocatalytic mechanism of action is associated with the interplay between surface dye adsorption and the reactive oxygen species generated by MXene under light irradiation. Importantly, both MXenes are successfully reused and retained approximately 70% of their activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand for natural dyes for imparting sustainable dyeing effects to textiles is increasing. Metal mordants generate an unstainable impact in the natural dyeing of textiles. In order to avoid the toxic effect due to the use of metal mordants, the present work uses enzyme for sustainable natural dyeing of wool. The current study is aimed at preparing multifunctional wool fabric using natural dye green tea (Camellia sinensis). Laccase (an enzyme) was used to polymerise the phenolic compounds of Camellia sinensisin situ on wool. The in situ colouration of wool fabric was performed at various varying dyeing conditions (temperature, time, and concentrations) using laccase. Colouration properties (colour values and strength) were examined to estimate the appearance of dyed fabrics. The evaluation of dyed fabrics for functional properties such as antibacterial, antioxidant, and UV protection was done. The efficient functional properties viz, antibacterial activity (> 75%), antioxidant property (> 90%), and excellent UV protection, were obtained. FTIR analysis of separately prepared polymeric dye and the dyed fabric was also done to confirm the laccase-assisted polymerisation. Thus, a novel approach of enzymatic functional natural dyeing of wool was explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Daylight fluorescent paints are luminous colors that are increasingly used in contemporary art. The pigments consist of a synthetic resin in which fluorescent dyes and optical brighteners are embedded. In the recent years, several research articles have been published on the composition of daylight fluorescent pigments. Despite the growing research on the aging behavior of daylight fluorescent paints, little is known to date about the chemical processes involved in aging. In the research presented here, we used dialysis to separate the colorants from the resin. HPLC–HR-ESI–MS/MS was used to extend the elucidation of the dye composition. A variety of rhodamines and coumarins, an aminonaphthalimide dye and another optical brightener were determined. NMR was used to elucidate the structure of an additional hemicyanine dye not listed in the Colour Index. Furthermore, reference substances were artificially aged under visible light and UV radiation and the degradation products were analyzed accordingly. N-deethylation, hydroxylation and higher oxidation processes were found to be the main degradation pathways for all colorants. For most dyes and optical brighteners, there was no difference between aging under visible light and aging under UV radiation. When the results were checked on samples of aged paint mock-ups, it was found that only a few of the degradation products can still be detected in the case of very advanced aging even with the smallest sample quantities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synthetic dyes are extensively used in various industries and are one of the major contaminants of industrial effluents. Dyes being xenobiotic, carcinogenic, and toxic there is need for their effective removal and detoxification to conserve water resources. Tremendous research has been carried out to identify potent microorganisms that facilitate bioremediation of these harmful dyes. A static batch culture has proved white rot fungi Sclerotium.rolfsii as an efficient catalyst in bioremediation of textile dyes and to compare their efficiency in decolourisation of two different azo dyes. Studies revealed the organism employ different remedial approach to cationic dye (Malachite green) and anionic dyes (Rose Bengal). Decolourisation of malachite green was a gradual with degradation and biotransformation to colourless, non-toxic by products while Decolourisation of rose Bengal was quick process of biosorption. S.rolfsii exhibited 89% of decolourisation of malachite green dyes at higher concentration of 900mg/L while 96% for rose Bengal at 900mg/L. The mechanism of dye decolourisation was proposed using the UV Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR, XRD, HPLC and SEM. Microbial toxicity studies confirmed the dye metabolites of degraded malachite green was less toxic compared to original dye. Comprehensively studies illustrate the sustained application of S. rolfsii as model organism for bioremediation of complex industrial effluents due to its differential bio remedial approach can potentially decolourise or remove various dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Thin selective skin layer was prepared using NGQDs and CD as the aqueous monomers. • Separation performance experiments of the membrane were performed at low pressure. • The addition of NGQDs significantly elevated the rejection for small molecular dye. • Excellent rejection obtained not only for larger molecular dye but for smaller dye. • The NGQDs-CD-MWCNTs-5 membrane exhibited superior antifouling property. For better sustainable resource recovery and elevating the separation efficiency of dye/salt mixture, it is essential to develop an appropriate nanofiltration membrane for the treatment of textile dyeing wastewater containing relatively smaller molecule dyes. In this work, a novel composite polyamide-polyester nanofiltration membrane was fabricated by tailoring amino functionalized quantum dots (NGQDs) and β -cyclodextrin (CD). An in-situ interfacial polymerization occurred between the synthesized NGQDs-CD and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) on the modified multi-carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) substrate. The incorporation of NGQDs significantly elevated the rejection (increased by ∼ 45.08%) of the resultant membrane for small molecular dye (Methyl orange, MO) compared to the pristine CD membrane at low pressure (1.5 bar). The newly developed NGQDs-CD-MWCNTs membrane exhibited enhanced water permeability without compromising the dye rejection compared to the pure NGQDs membrane. The improved performance of the membrane was primarily attributed to the synergistic effect of functionalized NGQDs and the special hollow-bowl structure of CD. The optimal NGQDs-CD-MWCNTs-5 membrane expressed pure water permeability of 12.35 L m-2h−1 bar−1 at the pressure of 1.5 bar. Noteworthily, the NGQDs-CD-MWCNTs-5 membrane not only showed high rejection for the larger molecular dye of Congo Red (CR, 99.50%) but also for the smaller molecular dye of MO (96.01%) and Brilliant Green (BG, 95.60%) with the permeability of 8.81, 11.40, and 6.37 L m-2h−1 bar−1, respectively at low pressure (1.5 bar). The rejection of inorganic salts by the NGQDs-CD-MWCNTs-5 membrane was 17.20% for sodium chloride (NaCl), 14.30% for magnesium chloride (MgCl 2), 24.63% for magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4), and 54.58% for sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4), respectively. The great rejection of dyes remained in the dye/salt binary mixed system (higher than 99% for BG and CR, <21% for NaCl). Importantly, the NGQDs-CD-MWCNTs-5 membrane exhibited favorable antifouling performance and potential good operation stability performance. Consequently, the fabricated NGQDs-CD-MWCNTs-5 membrane suggested a prospective application for the reuse of salts and water in textile wastewater treatment owing to the effective selective separation performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, solar photocatalysis has received a lot of attention as an effective method for environmental remediation. During the last few decades, textile dyeing and finishing industries produced a large quantity of wastewater discharges with complex compositions. Herein, we first reported CuOCo3O4@CP was successfully fabricated using a cost-effective, eco-friendly, extremely reliable spray pyrolysis method. Crystal structure, surface texture, elemental purity and optical properties of fabricated thin-films were analyzed using XRD, SEM, EDX, UV–vis spectrophotometers, DLS and FTIR techniques. Functional parameters such as initial dye pH, solar irradiation time, oxidant concentration and initial acid red 73 (AR 73) dye concentration were optimized using statistical design response surface methodology (RSM). The estimation of AR 73 dye was assessed by UV–vis spectroscopy and FTIR study. Resultantly, >94 % AR 73 dye degradation was achieved using CuOCo3O4@CP under optimum conditions. Meanwhile, water standard parameters reduction like COD (76 %), BOD (64 %), and TOC (60 %) were also executed. In the end, the most important factor reusability of fabricated CuOCo3O4@CP was also reviewed up to 20 cycles and CuOCo3O4@CP was sustained up to 10 cycles without any loss of efficiency; 23 % deduction was observed till 20 cycles. Hence, fabricated CuOCo3O4@CP thin-film has been considered a novel photocatalyst for effluent treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Textiles & Engineers / Tekstil ve Mühendis is the property of Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers & Architects, Chamber of Textile Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The identification of the dyes present on a linen fragment from the tomb of Pharaoh Tutankhamun is the objective of the present study. Fiber optic reflectance spectroscopy (FORS) was applied to the archaeological sample for preliminary identification of the dyes and to better choose the extraction methodology for different areas of the sample. The innovative gel-supported micro-extraction with agar gel and the Nanorestore Gel® High Water Retention (HWR) gel were applied to the archaeological sample after testing of the best concentration for the extraction of the agar gels substrates, performed on laboratory mock-ups by means of UV–Vis transmittance spectroscopy. Immediately after extraction, Ag colloidal pastes were applied on the gel surface and Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) analysis was performed directly on them. The combination of information deriving from FORS and SERS spectra resulted in the successful identification of both indigo and madder and, in hypothesis, of their degradation products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A eco-friendly, cost-effective, sustainable and green approach was used for the fabrication of silver nanoparticles by using a leaf extract of Blumea lacera (Ag@BLE). Silver nanoparticles sized 9–13 nm were characterized by different analytical techniques. The analytical methods utilized were powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The initial synthesis of Ag@BLE nanoparticles was confirmed by UV–visible spectrophotometry and at 429 nm there appeared a sharp surface plasmonic resonance (SPR) band. Organic dye methylene blue (MB) is one of the most abundant pollutants in the water environment. In the presence of catalyst Ag@BLE, the absorbance intensity of cationic MB dye was reduced dramatically by sodium borohydride (NaBH4). Methylene blue's catalytic dye degradation was tested to determine the effectiveness and function of synthesized Ag@BLE, and the reduction rates were found to be 0.01455 min−1 (0 mg Ag@BLE, 21 min) and 0.03144 min−1 (20 mg Ag@BLE, 24 min). Synthesized Ag@BLE showed rapid and excellent catalytic reduction of MB dye, and it followed pseudo first order kinetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Research & Development / Revista de Investigación & Desarrollo is the property of ECORFAN-Mexico S.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Azo dyes represent the most important class of textile dyes. Biotransformation of azo dyes can release aromatic amines. It is well known that some aromatic amines have genotoxic and/or carcinogenic properties. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of azo dyes, which are composed of aromatic amines, and are widely used in the textile industry, on the environment using acute water toxicity test. The acute water toxicity test using Daphnia Magna was investigated experimentally and theoretically. The OECD QSAR Toolbox program, which has recently attracted attention in theoretical studies and is also used in international regulations, has been preferred. As a result of the studies, it was seen that the experimental and theoretical results gave parallel results. This study showed that theoretical studies can be substituted for experimental studies in order to reduce cost, time, and animal mortality in acute toxicity tests on Daphnia Magna. In addition, according to the results of this study, it was found by experimental and theoretical methods that Basic Yellow 28, Disperse Blue 291, and Disperse Brown 27-1 azo dye are ecotoxicologically toxic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The textile industry has been exploring sustainable chemicals and natural alternatives to replace harmful and carcinogenic substances used in different stages of textile production for dyeing textiles. Natural dyes are gaining popularity, as they are environmentally friendly and less harmful. Betacyanin, a type of pigment obtained from red pitahaya, commonly known as red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus), has peels that are available as agricultural waste and can be used to meet the demand for natural dye production. This study aimed to explore and utilize dragon fruit's peel as a natural colorant for dyeing 100% cotton knit fabric (scoured and bleached single jersey plain knit) of 170 g/m2, which could transform a low-value material into a valuable product. However, cotton's phenolic nature and oxidation process result in negative charges on its surface, making natural dyeing challenging. Cationization with cationic agents (ForCat NCH, a mixture of cationic polyamine and 1,3,dichlori-2-propanol) and mordanting (potassium alum or potassium aluminum sulfate) were carried to improve dye exhaustion and enhance colorfastness properties. Spectrophotometer 800 was used to measure color strength (K/S), and several fastness tests, including wash, perspiration, and rubbing were conducted to assess the final product's performance. The process parameters, such as temperatures, times, pH levels, and dye concentrations were varied to understand better the optimum conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The textile industry is expanding globally and is considered the backbone of the world's largest source of foreign exchange. The development of the textile industry has caused environmental contamination due to its dye waste, which is complex and very difficult to resolve with chemical and physical treatments. Azo dye is one of the most widely used dyes in textile and other industries. It is one of the significantly toxic dyes, and when released in water bodies, it causes a serious threat to the environment. A bacterial strain having the potential to degrade a variety of azo dyes such as Congo red (CR), methylene blue (MB), Alizarin Red S (AR), and Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) was isolated from soil samples in the wood weathering area and further identified and characterized. Ligninolytic microorganisms produce laccase enzymes, lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, and other enzymes that can decolorize dye waste from the textile industry. The research phase was qualitative and quantitative tests of ligninolytic bacteria in the decolorization process using several selected synthetic dyes, antagonism tests, and identification of potential bacteria based on 16S rDNA gene sequences. The L11 isolate showed high performance on CR dye of 82.79%, L1 isolate on dye AR of 40.51%, L7 isolate on dye MB of 38.69%, and L8 isolate on RBBR dye of 30.34%. The L11 isolate with the highest potency was identified as Bacillus paramycoides K7.2 with a similarity of 99.71%. After 7 days of incubation, the quantitative test findings are the same as the qualitative test results, with isolate L11 having the largest clear zone on CR, AR, and RBBR dyes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interface phenomena that occur at the solid–liquid interface, such as wettability, adsorption, and particle aggregation, depend on the kind and magnitude of the solid surface free energy and electrokinetic properties found in water solutions. These phenomena are crucial for textile dyeing, finishing, and care. They characterize the material surface and change with different material pretreatment and finishing. In this paper, electrokinetic potential, isoelectric point, point of zero charge, a specific amount of surface charge and surface free energy of raw, enzymatically scoured, bleached, and finished cotton fabrics were investigated. Electrokinetic potential was measured by a streaming potential method and a specific quantity of surface charge by the back-titration method. For determination of the solid surface free energy components, the thin-layer wicking and contact-angle methods were used. On the basis of these results, components of solid surface free energy were calculated and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alizarin (1,2‐dihydroxyanthraquinone) is an anthraquinone reddish dye widely used for painting and textile dyeing. As the biological activity of alizarin has recently attracted increasing attention from researchers, its therapeutic potential as complementary and alternative medicine is of interest. However, no systematic research has been conducted on the biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic aspects of alizarin. Therefore, this study aimed to comprehensively investigate the oral absorption and intestinal/hepatic metabolism of alizarin using a simple and sensitive tandem mass spectrometry method developed and validated in‐house. The present method for the bioanalysis of alizarin has merits, including a simple pretreatment procedure, small sample volume, and adequate sensitivity. Alizarin exhibited pH‐dependent moderate lipophilicity and low solubility with limited intestinal luminal stability. Based on the in vivo pharmacokinetic data, the hepatic extraction ratio of alizarin was estimated to be 0.165–0.264, classified as a low level of hepatic extraction. In an in situ loop study, considerable fractions (28.2%–56.4%) of the alizarin dose were significantly absorbed in gut segments from the duodenum to ileum, suggesting that alizarin may be classified as the Biopharmaceutical Classification System class II. An in vitro metabolism study using rat and human hepatic S9 fractions revealed that glucuronidation and sulfation, but not NADPH‐mediated phase I reactions and methylation, are significantly involved in the hepatic metabolism of alizarin. Taken together, it can be estimated that the fractions of oral alizarin dose unabsorbed from the gut lumen and eliminated by the gut and liver before reaching the systemic circulation are 43.6%–76.7%, 0.474%–36.3%, and 3.77%–5.31% of the dose, respectively, resulting in a low oral bioavailability of 16.8%. Therefore, the oral bioavailability of alizarin depends primarily on its chemical degradation in the gut lumen and secondarily on first‐pass metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Textile industries have an immense existence in a country's economy. Large quantity of water is consumed by textile dyeing industries and produces volumes of wastewater. Treating these hazardous effluents to make them environmental friendly, using nanocatalysts is the best promising method. Metal oxide nanomaterials have emerged as an important tool for environmental remediation. Herein the hydrothermally synthesized ecofriendly and low‐cost zinc oxide/copper oxide nanocomposites (ZnO/CuO NCs) with different proportions of binary oxides are evaluated for the applications of degrading organic pollutants and antibacterial activity. The influence of doping is also studied in structural, optical, morphological, photocatalytic, and antibacterial activities. The presence of CuO in NCs affirms the formation of ZnO/CuO NCs. Photodegradation of Congo Red (CR) and real textile dyeing wastewater (TDW) under visible light irradiation by 0.5 M ZnO:0.5 M CuO NCs reveal them to act as a perfect catalyst by tuning doping concentration of Cu in ZnO, with 1.9 × 10−3 and 5.4 × 10−3 M min−1 rate constant. Hybrid nanocomposite materials exhibit high antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with 5 and 6 mm inhibition zone. The experimental characteristics of NCs are explained by a combination of electronic band structure due to size effect and tuning metal oxide proportions in comparison to that of pure metal oxide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Textile is one of the important sectors in the Indian economy. The use of synthetic chemicals is maximum during the wet processing technique, which consists of dyeing, printing and finishing. Aims and Objectives: This study was conducted to find out the prevalence of occupational dermatological symptoms among the workers employed in the dyeing and printing unit of the textile industry. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study, with a sample of 242 workers, was conducted in three different dyeing and printing factories. The workers were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire adapted from the Nordic Occupational Skin Questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of dermatological symptoms on the hands was found to be 51.7%. The various pattern of lesions included redness in 0.4% to itching in 26% of dyeing and printing workers. Those working for >5 years had 2.21 times higher risk as compared to those working for ≤5 years Odds Ratio (OR): 2.21; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.19–4.11). Similarly, those working in the dyeing section were at 2.94 times higher risk as compared to those working in the printing section (OR: 2.94; 95% CI: 1.58–5.47). Conclusion: The workers working in the printing and dyeing industry were at risk of developing skin lesions, which can partly be attributed to reactive chemicals used and partly to poor handling practices of the workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bioactive textile materials are a promising field in the development of functional textiles. The integration of bioactive compounds, such as natural dyes, into textiles offers a range of benefits, including UV protection, anti-microbial properties, and insect repellency. Natural dyes have been shown to have bioactivity, and their integration into textiles has been extensively studied. The application of natural dyes on textile substrates will be an advantage for their inherent functional properties along with their non-toxic and eco-friendly nature. This review addresses the effect of natural dyes on surface modification of most used natural and synthetic fibers and its subsequent effects on their anti-microbial, UV protection and insect repellent properties with natural dyes. Natural dyes have proved to be environmentally friendly in an attempt to improve bioactive functions in textile materials. This review provides a clear view of sustainable resources for the dyeing and finishing of textiles to develop a cleaner pathway of bioactive textiles using natural dyes. Furthermore, the dye source, advantages and disadvantages of natural dye, main dye component, and chemical structure are listed. However, there is still a need for interdisciplinary research to further optimize the integration of natural dyes into textiles and to improve their bioactivity, biocompatibility, and sustainability. The development of bioactive textile materials using natural dyes has the potential to revolutionize the textile industry and to provide a range of benefits to consumers and society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Azo dyes are synthetic organic dyes used in the textile, leather, and paper industries. They pose environmental problems due to their toxic and persistent nature. The toxicity is due to the presence of azo groups in the dye molecule that can break down into aromatic amines, which are highly toxic to aquatic organisms and humans. Various treatment methods have been developed to remove azo dyes from wastewater. Conventional wastewater treatments have some drawbacks, such as high operating costs, long processing times, generation of sludge, and the formation of toxic by-products. For these reasons, a valid alternative is constituted by advanced oxidation processes. Good results have been obtained using heterogeneous photocatalysis and supercritical water oxidation. In the former method, a photocatalyst is in contact with wastewater, a suitable light activates the catalyst, and generated reactive oxygen species that react with pollutants through oxidative reactions to their complete mineralization; the latter involves pressurizing and heating wastewater to supercritical conditions in a reactor vessel, adding an oxidizing agent to the supercritical water, and allowing the mixture to react. In this review paper, works in the literature that deal with processing wastewater containing azo dyes through photocatalysts immobilized on macroscopic supports (structured photocatalysts) and the supercritical water oxidation technique have been critically analyzed. In particular, advancement in the formulation of structured photocatalysts for the degradation of azo dyes has been shown, underlying different important features, such as the type of support for the photoactive phase, reactor configuration, and photocatalytic efficiency in terms of dye degradation and photocatalyst stability. In the case of supercritical water oxidation, the main results regarding COD and TOC removal from wastewater containing azo dyes have been reported, taking into account the reactor type, operating pressure, and temperature, as well as the reaction time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dyes are becoming more widely used around the world wide, but there is no effective bioremediation approach for removing them completely from the environment. Several dyes are mentioned to be degraded through bacteria; however, it's still unknown how the particular enzymes act throughout the dye degradation. The behavior and function of these enzymes in the biodegradation of azo dyes (Textile dyes) had been investigated experimentally by the numbers of the researchers, however, the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, the interaction mechanisms of textile dye (methyl orange) with laccase from B. subtilis were explored through molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations, the three selected dyes (methyl orange, malachite green, and acid blue 62) that interact positively with laccase on the basis of their maximum binding energy, molecular docking results indicate that one of the three dyes is more stable as a target for degradation through Bacillus subtilis laccase. Therefore, subsequent research focused solely on one substrate: methyl orange. Molecular Dynamics simulation study was applied after the molecular docking to determine the interaction between laccases and methyl orange dyes. The trajectory was proved with root mean square deviation and root mean square fluctuation analysis. According to the molecular dynamics simulation results, laccase-methyl orange complexes remain stable during the catalytic reaction. So, this study demonstrates how laccase is involved in methyl orange bioremediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By breaking down harmful dye waste into harmless components under the right irradiation sources, photocatalysis is an unorthodox but promising technique that can reduce industrial wastewater pollution, particularly in the textile industry. Synthetic textile dyes called cationic dyes must be handled carefully because they are poisonous and challenging to breakdown. Photocatalytic oxidation is a useful technique for eliminating hazardous organic pigments. This investigation aims to synthesize and characterize ZnO/MnFe2O4 nanocomposites as well as investigate the effects of varying ZnO:MnFe2O4 ratios, pH levels, doses, and irradiation times on band gap reduction and photocatalytic applications tested with cationic dyes, specifically methylene blue, under the illumination of sunlight. the co-precipitation approach for the manufacture of nanocomposites with different mole ratios of ZnO:MnFe2O4 (1:0.1; 2:0.1; 3:0.1). The component comprising the nanocomposite is ZnO/MnFe2O4, according to the results of the characterisation using XRD, SEM-EDX, FTIR, and BET. UV-DRS measurements of the band gap revealed that as ZnO was reduced, the band gap of the nanocomposite likewise decreased, from 3.35 eV to 2.78 eV. The greatest degradation of 93.2% was achieved for the degradation of 50 mg/L methylene blue (MB) dye with a catalyst dosage of 20 mg at a ratio of 1:0.2 for 50 minutes of irradiation. Since the point of zero charges (pzc) was reached at a pH of 7.8, a photodegradation adsorption-friendly solution pH of 8 was created. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Textiles & Engineers / Tekstil ve Mühendis is the property of Union of Chambers of Turkish Engineers & Architects, Chamber of Textile Engineers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study involved characterizing the physicochemical, dyeing, UV-protective, and antibacterial properties of pomegranate peels extract on woven cotton fabric. As a point of departure, the extract itself was characterized using methods such as SEM, TG, DSC, ATR-FTIR, and UV–Vis analyses. ATR-FTIR and UV–Vis spectra were consistent with the presence of polyphenolic compounds that provide a basis for defining the observed coloristic properties of the extract. Coloristic measurements on cotton indicated that mostly yellow to brown colors with good to excellent wash, light, rubbing, and perspiration fastness were obtained. The best results were obtained when the peel extract was used to dye cotton in the presence of Fe (II) and without the need to adjust its pH of 4.06. This dyeing also gave a K/S value (color strength) upwards of 10.3, which is significantly more than values previously reported for peel extracts. In view of continuing interest in identifying natural colorants having dual properties on textiles, fabric samples dyed with the extract were also evaluated for their UV protection and antibacterial properties. UV protection testing indicated that most of the samples gave a UPF value of 15–24, which is equivalent to the category of good photoprotection. However, the dyed fabric did not exhibit antibacterial activity when tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, probably due to deep dye penetration into cotton fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The in situ electrochemical oxidation process has received considerable attention for the removal of dye molecules and ammonium from textile dyeing and finishing wastewater. Nevertheless, the cost and durability of the catalytic anode have seriously limited industrial applications of this technique. In this work, the lab-based waste polyvinylidene fluoride membrane was employed to fabricate a novel lead dioxide/polyvinylidene fluoride/carbon cloth composite (PbO2/PVDF/CC) via integrated surface coating and electrodeposition processes. The influences of operating parameters (pH, Cl− concentration, current density, and initial concentration of pollutant) on the oxidation efficiency of PbO2/PVDF/CC were evaluated. Under optimal conditions, this composite achieves a 100% decolorization of methyl orange (MO), 99.48% removal of ammonium, and 94.46% conversion for ammonium-based nitrogen to N2, as well as an 82.55% removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD). At the coexistent condition of ammonium and MO, MO decolorization, ammonium, and COD removals still remain around 100%, 99.43%, and 77.33%, respectively. It can be assigned to the synergistic oxidation effect of hydroxyl radical and chloride species for MO and the chlorine oxidation action for ammonium. Based on the determination of various intermediates, MO is finally mineralized to CO2 and H2O, and ammonium is mainly converted to N2. The PbO2/PVDF/CC composite exhibits excellent stability and safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indigo is an economically important dye, especially for the textile industry and the dyeing of denim fabrics for jeans and garments. Around 80,000 tonnes of indigo are chemically produced each year with the use of non-renewable petrochemicals and the use and generation of toxic compounds. As many microorganisms and their enzymes are able to synthesise indigo after the expression of specific oxygenases and hydroxylases, microbial fermentation could offer a more sustainable and environmentally friendly manufacturing platform. Although multiple small-scale studies have been performed, several existing research gaps still hinder the effective translation of these biochemical approaches. No article has evaluated the feasibility and relevance of the current understanding and development of indigo biocatalysis for real-life industrial applications. There is no record of either established or practically tested large-scale bioprocess for the biosynthesis of indigo. To address this, upstream and downstream processing considerations were carried out for indigo biosynthesis. 5 classes of potential biocatalysts were identified, and 2 possible bioprocess flowsheets were designed that facilitate generating either a pre-reduced dye solution or a dry powder product. Furthermore, considering the publicly available data on the development of relevant technology and common bioprocess facilities, possible platform and process values were estimated, including titre, DSP yield, potential plant capacities, fermenter size and batch schedule. This allowed us to project the realistic annual output of a potential indigo biosynthesis platform as 540 tonnes. This was interpreted as an industrially relevant quantity, sufficient to provide an annual dye supply to a single industrial-size denim dyeing plant. The conducted sensitivity analysis showed that this anticipated output is most sensitive to changes in the reaction titer, which can bring a 27.8% increase or a 94.4% drop. Thus, although such a biological platform would require careful consideration, fine-tuning and optimization before real-life implementation, the recombinant indigo biosynthesis was found as already attractive for business exploitation for both, luxury segment customers and mass-producers of denim garments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Textile dye mix (TDM) is included in the European baseline series (EBS), but it is unknown if TDM identifies all patients with a textile dye allergy. Objectives: To assess the added value of performing patch testing with individual textile dyes in addition to TDM. Methods: Two hundred and nine patients suspected to have a contact allergy to textile dyes were patch tested between January 2015 and December 2021 with the EBS, as well as an individual textile dye test series containing textile dyes part of TDM (TDM‐dyes) and outside the scope of TDM (non‐TDM dyes). Results: Fifty‐four patients (25.8%) tested positive for TDM or an individual textile dye. Disperse Orange 3 (9.6%) followed by Disperse Blue 106 (4.8%) were the most common individual textile dyes causing a positive patch test reaction. Of the 54 dye positive patients, 28 (51.9%) had a clinically relevant reaction. No clinically relevant reactions were seen in patients that solely tested positive for non‐TDM dyes. Conclusions: It is beneficial to test individual textile dyes in addition to TDM in patients suspected of having a textile dye allergy. Otherwise, 46.3% of the dye positive patients and 35.7% of the patients with a clinically relevant reaction would have been missed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dyeing industry uses many chemicals and dyes. After the dying process is completed, they release a significant amount of dyes in wastewater. The dyes' color emissions are extremely poisonous and dangerous for aquatic and terrestrial life. Due to the toxic nature of dyes, the current study was carried out to evaluate whether it would be effective to employ an adsorption procedure with leaves from the Adiantum capillus-veneris plant as an adsorbent to remove commonly used textile dyes from an aqueous dye solution and wastewater. The effect of pH, concentration, time and the adsorbent dose on the adsorption process was studied in order to determine the maximum adsorption under ideal conditions. The selected pH was 3; the optimum concentration was 30 ppm with a contact time of 90 min and the optimized adsorbent dose was 60 mg. The absorbent under study showed excellent results when compared with commercial adsorbents i.e., animal charcoal and silica gel. The leaves of the Adiantum capillus-veneris plant revealed a maximum removal of 90.36 percent crystal violet dye (adsorption capacity (Qe) 9.05 mg/g) without any treatment to activate or alter the surface chemistry of the biosorbent. Its effectiveness was also tested with water gathered from several sources, including canal water, tap water, distilled water, and saline water, to determine whether it was practical. In both the canal and the tap water, the adsorbent displayed good removal efficiency. From the results of the current study, it can be inferred that the leaves of the Adiantum capillus-veneris plant are a reasonably priced biosorbent that can be used to remove toxic dyes from wastewater to protect water bodies from toxic pollution and can be used to treat industrial wastewater directly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dyes of the textile dyeing industry wastewater are harmful to humans and the environment. They should be treated before discharging into the environment. The adsorption using the spherical activated carbon can be effective to reduce the dyes. The spherical activated carbon of 3-7 µm in diameter was successfully prepared from the waste bagasse liquid using the hydrothermal method. The activation of this carbon was carried out using the KOH solution. The optimum pH and contact time were achieved in 2 and 200 min, respectively. Adsorption kinetic for RhB on activated spherical carbon follows the second-order kinetics and its adsorption mechanism follows the Langmuir isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity of spherical activated carbon to Rhodamine B was achieved in 64.52 mg/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]