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Copyright of Acta Haematologica Polonica is the property of VM Medica-VM Group (Via Medica) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Haematologica Polonica is the property of VM Medica-VM Group (Via Medica) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The primary aims were the visualization, digital image analysis and X-ray EDS microanalysis to evaluate caries lesions in human premolars, with and without resin sealants, and light and scanning electron microscopic observations of hard dental tissues before and after the use of experimental protective strontium-fluoride toothpaste. The material consisted of healthy premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons, sectioned into slices. Sections of tooth crowns were digitized with a light microscope. The area of enamel demineralization was then measured. The in situ model was developed by placing the samples on the buccal surfaces of the first molars in healthy subjects, and exposing them to the use of the experimental toothpaste for 3 or 6 months. X-ray EDS microanalysis was undertaken to examine the Ca and Sr content on the enamel surface and at 15, 30, 60 and 100 microns depth. The results showed that the toothpaste induces an increased deposition of Ca in sub-superficial layers of the damaged enamel. The role of digital imaging needs to be defined with the diagnostic problem of the patient to plan an effective prophylaxis and treatment of early caries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Afibrinogenemia is a coagulation disorder that occurs with a frequency of 1-2 cases/1,000,000 population and is characterized by a lack of capacity to synthesize fibrinogen. The predominant symptoms related to fibrinogen deficiency are mucocutaneous bleeding, bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract, genital tract or other vascularized tissues as well as excessive bleeding after minor injuries or accidental cuts. Thromboembolic complications and impaired wound healing may also occur. Due to the rarity of the disease, there are no recommendations about fibrinogen substitution before dental procedures (including dental surgery). The purpose of this review is to discuss the indications for the transfusion of a coagulation factor in the preparation of a patient with afibrinogenemia for dental extraction. The article is a narrative review with a proposed management protocol for the dental procedure. The authors have included information from previously published case reports, research studies, and review papers as well as their own case report.

Introduction: Periodontal disease and psoriasis are chronic and multifactorial inflammatory conditions which share immunopathological mechanisms and risk factors. They often coexist and reflect each other as extensive research proved a correlation between the advancement of periodontitis and the severity of psoriasis., Aim: To assess the influence of the prevalence of psoriasis and periodontitis using the selected markers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL) 1α (IL-1α) and IL-17., Material and Methods: Test sample consisted of 30 psoriatic inpatients, subjected to dental examination and blood tests. 29 healthy individuals constituted the control group and underwent thorough clinical examination to rule out psoriasis., Results: Our results confirmed that all dental indices reflecting oral hygiene and periodontal health were significantly better in healthy controls than in patients with psoriasis. Further analysis revealed a statistically significant correlation between the levels of CRP, a few of the cytokines (IL-1, IL-17), and dental indices in psoriatic patients. Moreover, we found that patients with psoriasis visited the dentist less frequently than healthy participants., Conclusions: In order to fully establish the relationship between psoriasis, periodontitis and markers of inflammation, further research on larger sample sizes is needed. However, the results obtained point to the crucial role of diagnosing and treating periodontitis in preventing and mitigating psoriasis. Joint effort of physicians and dentists is necessary to ensure a comprehensive treatment of a psoriatic patient., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright: © 2022 Termedia Sp. z o. o.)

Chronic microvascular complications of type 1 diabetes relate to small and medium-sized vessels and clinically manifest as retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy as well as periodontitis. Cigarette smoking significantly modifies the course of inflammation in subjects without diabetes. The aim of the study was to assess the periodontal status in smoking and non-smoking subjects with type 1 diabetes., Materials and Methods: 115 subjects with type 1 diabetes, median age 32 years (IQR 25-38), median HbA1c 8.3% (7.4-9.4) were included. Assessed gingival indices comprised API, SBI, GI., Results: Smoking cigarettes was more frequent among men compared to women (p = 0.03). API was lower among women compared to men (p = 0.004). There was no correlation between HbA1c and gingival indexes, however, people achieving good metabolic control (HbA1c≤6.5%) had a lower API (p = 0.039). Smokers presented lower SBI compared to non- -smokers (p = 0.03)., Conclusions: People with type 1 diabetes smoking cigarettes present lower gingival bleeding compared to non-smokers. In people with poor metabolic control of type 1 diabetes there is an increased accumulation of dental plaque in comparison with well-controlled type 1 diabetic patients.

Introduction: Smoking is the most common addiction in the world. Coexistence of smoking and obesity lead to a significant increase in the risk of cardiovascular diseases. It is also known that both the tobacco and excessive weight have a negative impact on oral health., Aim: Assessment of the frequency of smoking, hygienic habits and healthy behaviors in people with obesity., Material and Methods: The study included 125 people, of both sexes, aged from 20 to 65 years. The study group consisted of patients Clinic of Internal Medicine, Metabolic and Nutrition, Poznań University of Medical Sciences with a BMI> 25 kg/m2, control group - patients Clinic of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences of normal weight (BMI <25 kg/m2). All participants were asked to complete a short survey on smoking, frequency of dental checkups and hygiene habits associated with the oral cavity., Results: In both groups of patients, obese and normal weight, we found similar percentages of smokers: 25 and 24.24%. Both groups showed a similar time of brushing, however, we found statistically significant differences in the frequency of tooth brushing., Conclusion: Despite the similar results obtained during the survey in both groups of patients, it seems necessary to take patients with obesity particularly dental care, enhancement of preventive measures as well as incitement to refrain from smoking.

Aim: To evaluate the expression of different insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 mRNA isoforms and IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) mRNA in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected livers., Methods: Thirty-four liver biopsy specimens from chronic hepatitis C (CH-C) patients were obtained before anti-viral therapy. Inflammatory activity (grading) and advancement of fibrosis (staging) were evaluated using a modified point scale of METAVIR. The samples were analyzed using quantitative real-time PCR technique. From fragments of liver biopsies and control liver that were divided and ground in liquid nitrogen, RNA was isolated using RNeasy Fibrous Tissue Mini Kit according to the manufacturer's instruction. Expression levels of IGF-1 mRNA isoforms (IGF-1A, IGF-1B, IGF-1C, P1, and P2) and IGF-1R mRNA were determined through normalization of copy numbers in samples as related to reference genes: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and hydroxymethylbilane synthase. Results on liver expression of the IGF-1 mRNA isoforms and IGF-1R transcript were compared to histological alterations in liver biopsies and with selected clinical data in the patients. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica PL v. 9 software., Results: The study showed differences in quantitative expression of IGF-1 mRNA variants in HCV-infected livers, as compared to the control. Higher relative expression of total IGF-1 mRNA and of IGF-1 mRNAs isoforms (P1, A, and C) in HCV-infected livers as compared to the control were detected. Within both groups, expression of the IGF-1A mRNA isoform significantly prevailed over expressions of B and C isoforms. Expression of P1 mRNA was higher than that of P2 only in CH-C. Very high positive correlations were detected between reciprocal expressions of IGF-1 mRNA isoforms P1 and P2 (r = 0.876). Expression of P1 and P2 mRNA correlated with IGF-1A mRNA (r = 0.891; r = 0.821, respectively), with IGF-1B mRNA (r = 0.854; r = 0.813, respectively), and with IGF-1C mRNA (r = 0.839; r = 0.741, respectively). Expression of IGF-1A mRNA significantly correlated with isoform B and C mRNA (r = 0.956; r = 0.869, respectively), and B with C isoforms (r = 0.868) (P < 0.05 in all cases). Lower expression of IGF-1A and B transcripts was noted in the more advanced liver grading (G2) as compared to G1. Multiple negative correlations were detected between expression of various IGF-1 transcripts and clinical data (e.g., alpha fetoprotein, HCV RNA, steatosis, grading, and staging). Expression of IGF-1R mRNA manifested positive correlation with grading and HCV-RNA., Conclusion: Differences in quantitative expression of IGF-1 mRNA isoforms in HCV-infected livers, as compared to the control, suggest that HCV may induce alteration of IGF-1 splicing profile.