Search

Background Induction chemotherapy combined with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has been recommended for patients with high-risk, locally advanced rectal cancer. However, the benefit of more intensive total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT) is unknown. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of induction chemotherapy combined with chemoradiotherapy and consolidation chemotherapy for magnetic resonance imaging-stratified high-risk rectal cancer. Methods This was a single-center, single-arm, prospective Phase II trial in Peking University Cancer Hospital (Beijing, China). Patients received three cycles of induction oxaliplatin and capecitabine (CapeOX) followed by chemoradiotherapy and two cycles of consolidation CapeOX. The primary end point was adverse event rate and the second primary end points were 3-year disease-free survival rate, completion of TNT, and pathological downstaging rate. Results Between August 2017 and August 2018, 68 rectal cancer patients with at least one high risk factor (cT3c/3d/T4a/T4b, cN2, mesorectal fascia involvement, or extramural venous invasion involvement) were enrolled. The overall compliance of receiving the entire treatment was 88.2% (60/68). All 68 patients received induction chemotherapy, 65 received chemoradiotherapy, and 61 received consolidation chemotherapy. The Grade 3–4 adverse event rate was 30.8% (21/68). Nine patients achieved clinical complete response and then watch and wait. Five patients (7.4%) developed distant metastasis during TNT and received palliative chemotherapy. Fifty patients underwent surgical resection. The complete response rate was 27.9%. After a median follow-up of 49.2 months, the overall 3-year disease-free survival rate was 69.7%. Conclusions For patients with high-risk rectal cancer, this TNT regimen can achieve favorable survival and complete response rates but with high toxicity. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the possibility of distant metastasis during the long treatment period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ab initio intra- and inter-molecular potential energy surfaces (PESs) for the H2O–Ne system that explicitly incorporate the intramolecular overtone state (vOH = 2) of H2O are presented. The electronic structure computations have been carried out at the explicitly correlated coupled cluster theory [CCSD(T)-F12] level with an augmented correlation-consistent triple zeta basis set and an additional bond function. The vibrationally averaged three-dimensional intermolecular potentials for ‖00+〉, ‖02+〉, ‖02−〉 and ‖11+〉 are obtained analytically by fitting to the multi-dimensional Morse/Long-range potential function form. These fits to 46 980 points have a root-mean-square (RMS) discrepancy of 0.12 cm−1 for interaction energies less than 1000.0 cm−1. With the vibrationally averaged PESs for the H2O–Ne, we employed the combined radial discrete variable representation/angular finite basis representation method and Lanczos algorithm to calculate rovibrational energy levels (J = 0–10, ns ≤ 2). The predicted infrared transitions and intensities of the para- and ortho-H2O–Ne complex are in good agreement with the available experimental data for ‖02−〉 ← ‖00+〉, ‖02+〉 ← ‖00+〉 transitions. In particular, the RMS discrepancy for ‖02−〉∑e(000,0) ← ‖00+〉∑e(101,0), including P and R branch patterns, is only 0.045 cm−1, which is comparable with the experimental values. These results will provide reliable theoretical guidance for the future infrared overtone spectroscopy of clusters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highly enantioselective halocyclization reactions of indole derivatives, including tryptophols and tryptamines, have been accomplished by means of anionic chiral Co(III) complexes and 1,3-dihalohydantoins (as little as 0.50 equiv). 3-Halo-fused indolines were obtained in excellent yields (up to 98%) and enantioselectivities (up to 98% ee), employing the chiral anion phase-transfer-catalysis strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the influence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the secondary metabolites of the marine-derived fungus Dichotomomyces cejpii F31-1, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was added to the GPY culture medium. The HPLC chromatogram of the EtOAc extract of the culture broth was distinct from that of the H2O2 free GPY medium. Further study of the metabolites in the GPY medium with H2O2 resulted in the discovery of eight known compounds. Among them, (22E)-5α, 8α-epidioxyergosta-6, 22-dien-3β-ol (2) and ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraene-3-one (3) were present in the highest concentration, while ergosterol and diketopiperazines are abundant in the H2O2 free medium. Additionally, a new compound, dichocetide D (1) containing a chlorine element and a known ergosterol (10) were isolated from the H2O2 free medium. (22E)-5α, 8α-epidioxyergosta-6, 22-dien-3β-ol (2) exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity against human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP-C4-2B. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary of main observation and conclusion: A new class of indole‐based allylic donors have been designed and developed for palladium‐catalyzed decarboxylative allylations. In addition, the first application of these indole‐based allylic donors in palladium‐catalyzed decarboxylative [3+2] cycloaddition and allylic amination has been achieved by reacting with isocyanates and sulfonyl amines, respectively. This approach represents the first design of indole‐based allylic donors, which is helpful for settling the challenge of designing and developing new class of heterocycle‐based allylic donors for Pd‐catalyzed decarboxylative allylation reactions. Moreover, the application of this new class of allylic donors in cycloadditions and substitutions will add new contents to the research field of decarboxylative allylation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]