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Large instruments and equipment are essential material basis and guarantee for school teaching, research and campus life. From the purchase, use and a series of management work for large instruments and equipment, to make the prophase evaluation of procurement is important link to save the funds, enhance the running school ability and improve the level of teaching and scientific research. All of which promote construction and reform of universities and improve the material and cultural life of staff and students . This paper taking Jilin Agricultural University as example, explains how to construct the large-scale equipment sharing platform, to display network center and main functional modules of large-scale instrument and equipment, analysis the working effect under the practice of sharing management mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mol­ecules of the title compound, [Fe(C23H22N4O2)], are linked by two inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into a chain along [010]. Adjacent chains are connected by a C—H⋯π hydrogen bond involving the substituted cyclo­penta­dienyl ring as an acceptor, leading to a double-chain along [010]. Two such chains are further packed along the a axis via a C—-H⋯.π hydrogen bond involving the pyrazole ring as an acceptor to generate a four-chain strand along [100]. The combination of the four-stranded chain and the double-chain leads to a three-dimensional network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Main Conclusion: We identified IAA13 negatively associated with lateral root number by comparing the differential expressed genes between Bupleurum chinense and B. scorzonerifolium. Dried roots of the genus Bupleurum L. are used as a herbal medicine for diseases in Asia. Bupleurum chinense has a greater number of lateral roots than B. scorzonerifolium, but the genetic mechanisms for such differences are largely unknown. We (a) compared the transcriptome profiles of the two species and (b) identified a subset of candidate genes involved in auxin signal transduction and explored their functions in lateral root development. By isoform sequencing (Iso-Seq) analyses of the whole plant, more unigenes were found in B. scorzonerifolium (118,868) than in B. chinense (93,485). Given the overarching role of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) as one of the major regulators of lateral root development, we identified 539 unigenes associated with auxin signal transduction. Fourteen and 44 unigenes in the pathway were differentially expressed in B. chinense and B. scorzonerifolium, respectively, and 3 unigenes (LAX2, LAX4, and IAA13) were expressed in both species. The number of lateral root primordia increased after exogenous auxin application at 8 h and 12 h in B. scorzonerifolium and B. chinense, respectively. Since overexpression of IAA13 in Arabidopsis reduced the number of lateral roots, we hypothesized that IAA13 is involved in the reduction of the number of lateral roots in B. scorzonerifolium.

Background: The prognostic impact of comorbidities in patients with sarcomas is not well defined. The aims of this study were to examine the implications of comorbidities and abnormal peripheral blood indices in patients with sarcomas., Methods: A population-based database was assembled to extract patients with sarcoma in Hong Kong between January 2004 and March 2018. Charlson's Comorbidity Index (CCI) score and prevalence of comorbidities, neutrophil, lymphocyte and platelet counts at diagnosis were assessed. The prognostic values of CCI, neutrophil-lymphocyte (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratios (PLR) were estimated using Cox proportional hazard models. Restricted cubic spline plots were used to explore the association of baseline NLR and PLR with all-cause and cancer-specific mortality., Results: Among 3358 eligible patients with sarcomas, 52.2% died after a median 26 months of follow-up. The most common comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (9.8%) and cerebrovascular disease (4.8%). Patients with higher CCI had higher mortality (CCI=3 vs CCI=2; HR 1.49; 95% CI 1.19 to 1.87; p<0.01; CCI ≥7 vs CCI =2; HR 3.20; 95% CI 2.62 to 3.92; p<0.001). Abnormal NLR and PLR levels were associated with higher all-cause mortality (NLR: HR 1.698, p<0.001, 95% CI 1.424 to 2.025; PLR: HR 1.346, p<0.001, 95% CI 1.164 to 1.555) and cancer-related mortality (NLR: HR 1.648, p<0.001, 95% CI 1.341 to 2.024; PLR: HR 1.430, p<0.001, 95% CI 1.205 to 1.697)., Conclusions: This is the largest population-based soft-tissue or bone sarcoma cohort worldwide. Comorbidities have significant negative prognostic impact on the survival of patients with sarcomas. Moreover, NLR and PLR are robust prognostic factors, and abnormal NLR and PLR have negative effects yet non-linear effects on survival., Competing Interests: Competing interests: HH-fL reports receipt of research funding of from MSD and Mundipharma for projects outside of this submitted work. HH-fL has also received personal fees from Novartis, Pfizer, Eisai and Boehringer-Ingelheim for advisory activities outside the scope of this submitted work. CK-HW reports receipt of research funding from the EuroQoL Group Research Foundation, the Hong Kong Research Grants Council, and the Hong Kong Health and Medical Research Fund. No other disclosures were reported., (© Author (s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. Published by BMJ on behalf of the European Society for Medical Oncology.)

Buplewrum falcatum is a traditional Chinese medicine,which is mainly used for the treatment of cold and liver protection. B. falcatum is dominantly cultivated in Japan as well as planted in China,Korea and other countries and regions. In order to determine the appropriate sequencing strategy,the genome survey before large-scale genome sequencing is needed. This survey can provide information about the size and complexity of the whole genome of the target species. In the present study,the next generation sequencing technology( Illumina Hiseq 2000) was used to analyze the genome size and complexity of B. falcatum. In addition,SSR loci were analyzed from the sequenced data. Primer 3 was used to design specific primers and 33 pairs of primers were randomly selected for PCR with template DNA of B. falcatum,and the PCR system and optimal annealing temperature were screened. A total of 288. 64 G genome sequence data was obtained,and the estimated genome size of B. falcatum was 2 119. 58 Mb. The measured genome data depth was138×; the rate of heterozygosity was 1. 84%; and the ratio of repeat sequence was 83. 89%. It is speculated that the genome of B. falcatum is complex. The preliminary assembly was performed with K-mer = 41,and the contig N50 was 224 bp,the total length 896. 97 Mb,the scaffold N50 313 bp,and the total length was 922. 67 Mb. A total of 91 377 SSR sequences were detected in the sequenced genome data which were distributed in 70 809 unigenes.The main type is dinucleotide repeats,with 49 680 sequences,accounting for70. 16%. Among the 33 pairs of primers randomly synthesized according to the obtained SSR sequences,21 pairs were successfully amplifying the target sequences. The results will be helpful for later large scale genome sequencing and SSR molecular markers development for germplasm identification and trait mapping.

Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) glandular trichomes function as biochemical factories that synthesize a diverse array of specialized metabolites. Terpenoids are the most diverse class of plant specialized metabolites, with volatile mono- and sesquiterpenes playing important roles in plant defense. Although the biosynthetic pathways of volatile terpenes in tomato glandular trichomes have been well described, little is known about their regulation. Here, we demonstrate that SlMYC1, a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor, differentially regulates mono- and sesquiterpene biosynthesis in the type VI glandular trichomes of tomato leaves and stems. SlMYC1 functions as a positive regulator of monoterpene biosynthesis in both leaf and stem trichomes but as a negative regulator of sesquiterpene biosynthesis in stem trichomes. SlMYC1 is also essential for type VI glandular trichome development, as knocking down SlMYC1 led to the production of smaller type VI glandular trichomes at lower densities, and knocking out this gene led to their absence. Our findings reveal a role for SlMYC1 not only in type VI glandular trichome development but also in the regulation of terpene biosynthesis in tomato., (© 2018 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved.)

Agarwood is broadly used in incense and medicine. Traditionally, agarwood formation is induced by wounding the trunks and branches of some species of Aquilaria spp., including A. sinensis. As recently evidenced, some fungi or their fermentation liquid may have the potential of inducing agarwood formation. The present study aimed to analyze the fungi isolated from an agarwood-producing A. sinensis tree and subsequently identify the fungi capable of promoting agarwood formation. We identified a total of 110 fungi isolates based on their morphological characteristics and rDNA ITS sequences. These isolates came from four different layers (namely the decomposing layer, agarwood layer, transition layer, and normal layer) near the agarwood formation site of the trunk. According to the experimental results, most of them belonged to Dothideomycetes (81.82%), while the others to Sordariomycetes (13.64%) or Eurotiomycetes (4.55%). Of note, 88 isolates were shown belonging to the species of Lasiodiplodia theobromae that are most frequently isolated from different layers. In addition, when the fermentation liquid of two isolates of L. theobromae (AF4 and AF12) and one isolate of Fusarium solani (AF21) was inoculated into the A. sinensis wood using the Agar-Wit technique, promoted agarwood formation was observed; however, the effect of AF21 did not keep stable in the later test, while AF4 and AF12 still functioned 1 year later. This study may lay a foundation for exploring the underlying mechanism of agarwood formation as well as fungi application in agarwood production.

Radix bupleuri, roots of Bupleurum species, is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine. Here, we compared the root transcriptomes of both Bupleurum chinense DC. and Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd. A total of 313 483 and 342 263 high quality expressed sequence tags were obtained, respectively. In addition, 17 117 (59.2%) and 19 416 (62.8%) unigenes for B. chinense and B. scorzonerifolium had homologous genes in the opposite dataset. For B. chinense, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database (KEGG) annotation identified carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism and amino acid metabolism as the three highest groups in the metabolism category. For B. scorzonerifolium, the lipid metabolism group had the most unigenes. Genes that may participate in the biosynthesis of terpenoid, triterpenoid, sterol, lignan and flavonoids were identified according to their annotations. (Tri)terpenoid-related genes were predominantly found in B. chinense. The expressions of certain genes were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in the roots of the two species. A total of 558 putative transcription factors (TFs) and 137 transcriptional regulators (TRs) among 1364 TFs and 327 TRs, and 610 TFs and 129 TRs among 1600 TFs and 323 TRs were specific for B. chinense and B. scorzonerifolium, respectively. Our transcriptome comparison reflects the different types and proportions of metabolites synthesized by the two species. The data, especially, those genes involved in the biosynthesis of particular types of metabolites, will provide the basis for further investigations of the secondary metabolite repertoire of the two Bupleurum species, as well as other species from the genus of Bupleurum., (© 2014 Scandinavian Plant Physiology Society.)

A series of experiments have been carried out to investigate the effects of different concentrations of thapsigargin (0, 0.001, 0.1, and 1 μM) on the proliferation and survival of human rheumatoid arthritis synovial cells (MH7A). The results showed that thapsigargin can block the cell proliferation in human rheumatoid arthritis synovial cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Results of Hoechst staining suggested that thapsigargin may induce cell apoptosis in MH7A cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and the percentages of cell death reached 44.6% at thapsigargin concentration of 1 μM treated for 4 days compared to the control. The protein and mRNA levels of cyclin D1 decreased gradually with the increasing of thapsigargin concentration and treatment times. Moreover, the protein levels of mTORC1 downstream indicators pS6K and p4EBP-1 were reduced by thapsigargin treatment at different concentrations and times, which should be responsible for the reduced cyclin D1 expressions. Our results revealed that thapsigargin may effectively impair the cell proliferation and survival of MH7A cells. The present findings will help to understand the molecular mechanism of fibroblast-like synoviocytes proliferations and suggest that thapsigargin is of potential for the clinical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

The tissue-specific and MeJA-induced transcriptional levels of BcUGT3 and BcUGT6 in Bupleurum chinense were analyzed in the present study. The transcriptional levels of BcUGT3 in root, leaf, flower and fruit were similar and they all were higher than those in stem. The transcriptional level of BcUGT6 was the highest in leaf and the lowest in flower among in all tested tissues. With non-treated adventitious roots as control, BcUGT6's transcriptional levels were elevated to nearly 2 folds for 2 h, 8 h, 24 h, 2 d and 4 d in MeJA-treated adventitious roots of B. chinense. It showed that the transcriptional level of BcUGT6 was slightly affected by MeJA. While, BcUGT3's transcriptional levels were gradually elevated, and till 4 d after MeJA treatment, the expression level was about 7 folds than that of non-treated control. Using pET-28a (+), the expressions of two genes was investigated. Induced by IPTG, the target proteins were expressed in E. coli and then purified. All the results obtained in the present study will be helpful for follow-up bio-function analysis of BcUGT3 and BcUGT6.

The callus of Bupleurum chinense with anthers at the stage of uninucleate was induced. After several subcultures, anther calli of B. chinense were cultured at 20 MS culture mediums with different plant hormones to differentiate into plantlets. Differentiation of callus was detected after 21 and 49 days to select the most effective medium. There were 19 culture mediums in which anther callus could differentiate into plantlets with differentiation rate range from 3% to 60% , and most less than 20%. MS + KT 0.5 mg x L(-1) + sucrose 30 g c L(-1) + phytagel 5 g x L(-1) was the best differentiation medium with the differentiation rate of 60%, followed by MS + ZT 1.0 mg x L(-1) + sucrose 30 g x L(-1) + phytagel 5 g x L(-1) with the differentiation rate of 58%. Then plantlets were transferred to rooting medium to obtain whole plant. All plantlets could root in the rooting medium of MS + sucrose 30 g x L(-1) + phytagel 5 g x L(-1) and 1/2 MS + NAA 0.5 mg x L(-1) + sucrose 30 g x L(-1) + phytagel of 5 g L(-1) with the rooting rate of 100%. As a result, the high efficient and stable plant regeneration system was established from anther callus of B. chinense.

In this study, the induction of hairy roots of Bupleurum chinense DC. was explored and established after experiments at different conditions: A. rhizogenes A4 was used to infect the leaves bases of B. chinense tube seedlings. The explants were co-cultured on Phytagel-solidified media for 3 days and then, were turned into solid media, similar with the co-culture media except that bacteriostat was added. After 10 days, rootlets began to appear and after 4 to 5 weeks, rootlets can be converted into liquid shaking culture stage. Plants regeneration from hairy root was useful for the research of new germplasm production and the variety improvement breeding. In the present study, the regenerated plants were obtained. One approach was to continuously culture under light conditions the seedlings which parting off spontaneously from the hairy roots during liquid shaking culture. The other approach was to culture the callus-like tissues produced by hairy roots with the optimized regeneration media for the induction of regenerated plants. The results of present study provide a technique to induce hairy roots and plantlet regeneration of B. chinense and this technique is helpful for the researches on metabolism, especially on the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of B. chinense.

The ORF sequence of glycosyltransferase gene BcUGT1 cloned from Bupleurum chinense DC. was analyzed and its three dimentional structure was predicted. Using qRT-PCR method, the expression characteristics of BcUGT1 after methyl jasmonate (MeJA) induction and in different plant tissues were investigated. The results showed that BcUGT1 may be involved in saikosaponin biosynthesis in B. chinense. Thereafter, the recombinant vectors of BcUGT1 were constructed for its expression in E. coli. The target protein was successfully expressed and purified. In the present study, three vectors, pRSET-A, pET-28a (+) and pET-30a (+), and three isolates of E. coli, BL21 (DE3) plysS, BL21A1 and BL21-CodonPlus (DE3)-RIPL were used under different induction conditions, such as different concentrations and during times of inducers (L-arabinose and IPTG) and different inducing temperatures. The results showed that in the condition of 0.5 or 1 mmol x L(-1) IPTG, 16 degrees C, 20 h, target protein expressed in BL21-CodonPlus (DE3)-RIPL with pET-28a (+) or pET-30a (+) as vector. Using PrepEase His-tagged protein purification kit, the target protein was purified. The present work will be helpful for follow-up bio-function analysis of BcUGT1.

Objective: To isolate and identify pathogen of the seedling blight occurred in Platycodon grandiflorum., Method: The morphological observation, rDNA ITS sequence analysis, and Koch's postulates were used to identify the isolates of the causal agent., Result: The isolates of the causal agent was Rhizoctonia solani., Conclusion: The result confirmed that R. solani is the pathogen of seedling blight of P. grandiflorum.

Chinese agarwood is formed in the aromatic resinous wood formed in Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg (botanical family: Thymelaeaceae). Only when suffering stress of wound, etc, can A. sinensis produce sesquiterpenes etc. compounds of agarwood around wounds. However, little is known about how wound induced the biosynthesis pathway of sesquiterpenes. To reveal the molecular mechanism of wound-induced agarwood formation, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology was used to investigate the profile of gene expression in A. sinensis treated by mechanical wounding and elucidate its functional gene. A total of 40,295 ESTs with an average read length of 305 bp were generated and 22 095 unigenes were formed by initial gene splicing. 61.6% of these unigenes (13 611) were annotated using BLAST searches against the SwissProt, KEGG, Nr and Nt databases. Twenty-six unigenes (encoding 7 enzymes) were found to be involved in sesquiterpene of agarwood biosynthesis by bioinformatic tools of Gene Ontology and KEGG. Novel genes that are potentially involved in sesquiterpenes biosynthesis were identified in A. sinensis, providing data for further sesquiterpenes biosynthesis pathway by molecular methods and the EST data establish a foundation for future studies in the molecular mechanisms of wound-induce agarwood formation in A. sinensis.

Objective: To clone the full-length cDNA of a uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase (UGT) gene which may be involved in saikosaponin biosynthesis of Bupleurum chinense, and construct the transgenic vectors for over expression and RNAi of the cloned UGT. These works will provide foundation for further its function analysis by transgene study., Method: RAGE and LD-PCR were used to clone the full-length cDNA of the UGT, on the basis of its partial cDNA sequence obtained from our previous 454-sequenced dataset. The ORF and partial sequences of the UGT were PCR cloned using primers with corresponding restriction enzymes cutting sites. The PCR products were digested with corresponding restriction enzymes and then were inserted into pCAMBIA-SUPER 1 300 and pHANNIBAL. The recombinant pHANNIBAL were digested with Not I and then were inserted into a binary vector, pART27. Finally, the transgenic vectors for over expression and RNAi of the cloned UGT were constructed., Result: The full-length cDNA of a UGT were cloned from B. chinense. The recombinant vectors for over expression and RNAi of the UGT were obtained., Conclusion: Our works on full-length cDNA cloning and transgenic vectors construction provide a substantial foundation for follow-up biofunction analysis of the UGT through transgenic research.

Objective: To study the characteristics of male sterility of Bupleurum chinense and further explore the developmental period and reason of abortion for the male sterile plants., Method: The morphological characteristics of B. chinense male sterile and normal plants were investigated and compared. The anther development process and pollen viability of two types of plants were examined by microscopic assay., Result and Conclusion: The shapes and sizes of anther and filament were different between the male sterile and the normal plants. For the male sterile plant's, the filament size was no more than 1/2 of that of normal plants and the anthers were shriveled, failed to dehisce and pollinate naturally, and the pollen grains in the anthers had no vitality. Other morphological characteristics were similar between two types of plants. The main reason leading to male sterility of B. chinense was the abnormal development of tapetum cells with two circumstances. The one is that the tapetum cells degraded early during the period of microsporocyte phase to tetrad phase and the other is that the tapetum cells proliferated with delayed degradation in the tetrad to uninucleate phase.

Objective: To breed new varieties with better uniformity and commercial quality as well as higher saikosaponin contents., Method: The excellent germplasm resources were selected from "zhongchai no. 1" population. Single plant method was applied to get better varieties. All the breeding material was investigated according to morphological characters, agronomic characters and the contents of saikosaponin a and saikosaponin d. The experiments of comparative test and varieties regional test were carried out., Result: The bred new varieties of "zhongchai No. 2" and "zhongchai No. 3" had better uniformity. The dark brown roots ratios of the two varieties were 83.2%, 89.9%, respectively. The contents of saikosaponins (a + d) of the two varieties reached 1.31%, 1.02%, respectively., Conclusion: "zhongchai No. 2" and " zhongchai No. 3" both had the advantages of better uniformity, darker brown roots and higher saikosaponin contents.

Molecular genetic map is a fundamental organizational tool for genomic research. However, a genetic linkage map for Bupleurum chinense DC. has not been developed. In this study, with the theory of pseudo-testcross, 96 F1 plants from an intraspecific cross of B. chinense were used as mapping populations. Twenty eight ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat) primers and 44 SSR (simple sequence repeat) primers were used to detect the polymorphisms between the parental plants, and of them, 28 ISSRs and 14 SSRs were selected to analyze the F1 populations. The map consisted of 13 linkage groups which included 80 (72 ISSRs and 8 SSRs) loci, and covered 2 633.9 cM with an average density of 33.4 cM. All 13 linkage groups consisted of 2-31 loci ranging in length from 15.4-1295.7 cM. This map will provide a basis for studies on gene mapping, map-based cloning and maker-assisted selection of important traits in B. chinense.

Objective: To investigate the effects of top pruning on fruiting characters of Platycodon grandiflorum, and find the suitable stage, in which seed growth and development furtherly., Method: One-year old seedlings were chosen and planted in field. Plant height, branching number, fruit number per plant, 1000 grains weight were measured during growth and development period, respectively., Result: The treatment of top pruning postponed in turn the flowering date, lowered the plant heights and the fruit number per plant, increased the branching number and influenced significantly on 1000 grains weights., Conclusion: The suitable stage of top pruning for producing seeds was from June 20th to July 5th.

Background: Cholecyst cholesterol lithiasis is a common disease of the digestive system; however, the cause of lithogenesis is still unclear. Although bile salt export pump (BSEP), multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2), and multiple drug resistance 3 (MDR3) are 3 well-known transporting proteins, their effect on lithogenesis has not been elucidated. This study was undertaken to examine the relationship between BSEP, MRP2, MDR3, and cholesterol calculus formation., Methods: Liver tissue specimens were taken from 20 patients with cholesterol calculus and from 10 patients with normal liver. mRNA and protein expressions of BSEP, MRP2, and MDR3 were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively. This study was approved by the ethics committee of China Medical University and informed consent was obtained from all patients., Results: mRNA and protein expressions of BSEP, MRP2, and MDR3 were significantly down-regulated in the liver tissue of the patients with cholesterol calculus compared with normal liver tissue of the controls., Conclusion: The down-regulation of BSEP, MRP2, and MDR3 may be correlated with the formation of cholesterol calculus.