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11,589 results on '"Sturgeon BE"'

101. Fireball streak detection with minimal CPU processing requirements for the Desert Fireball Network data processing pipeline

Author

Towner, Martin C., Cupak, Martin, Howie, Robert M., Hartig, Ben, Paxman, Jonathan, Sansom, Eleanor K., Devillepoix, Hadrien A. R., Jansen-Sturgeon, Trent, and Bland, Philip A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

The detection of fireballs streaks in astronomical imagery can be carried out by a variety of methods. The Desert Fireball Network--DFN--uses a network of cameras to track and triangulate incoming fireballs to recover meteorites with orbits. Fireball detection is done on-camera, but due to the design constraints imposed by remote deployment, the cameras are limited in processing power and time. We describe the processing software used for fireball detection under these constrained circumstances. A cascading approach was implemented, whereby computationally simple filters are used to discard uninteresting portions of the images, allowing for more computationally expensive analysis of the remainder. This allows a full night's worth of data; over 1000 36 megapixel images to be processed each day using a low power single board computer. The algorithms chosen give a single camera successful detection large fireball rate of better than 96 percent, when compared to manual inspection, although significant numbers of false positives are generated. The overall network detection rate for triangulated large fireballs is estimated to be better than 99.8 percent, by ensuring that there are multiple double stations chances to detect one fireball., Comment: 20 pages, 5 figures

Published
2019
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102. Determining fireball fates using the $\alpha$-$\beta$ criterion

Author

Sansom, Eleanor K., Gritsevich, Maria, Devillepoix, Hadrien A. R., Jansen-Sturgeon, Trent, Shober, Patrick, Bland, Phil A., Towner, Martin C., Cupák, Martin, Howie, Robert M., and Hartig, Benjamin A. D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

As fireball networks grow, the number of events observed becomes unfeasible to manage by manual efforts. Reducing and analysing big data requires automated data pipelines. Triangulation of a fireball trajectory can swiftly provide information on positions and, with timing information, velocities. However, extending this pipeline to determine the terminal mass estimate of a meteoroid is a complex next step. Established methods typically require assumptions to be made of the physical meteoroid characteristics (such as shape and bulk density). To determine which meteoroids may have survived entry there are empirical criteria that use a fireball's final height and velocity - low and slow final parameters are likely the best candidates. We review the more elegant approach of the dimensionless coefficient method. Two parameters, $\alpha$ (ballistic coefficient) and $\beta$ (mass-loss), can be calculated for any event with some degree of deceleration, given only velocity and height information. $\alpha$ and $\beta$ can be used to analytically describe a trajectory with the advantage that they are not mere fitting coefficients; they also represent the physical meteoroid properties. This approach can be applied to any fireball network as an initial identification of key events and determine on which to concentrate resources for more in depth analyses. We used a set of 278 events observed by the Desert Fireball Network to show how visualisation in an $\alpha$ - $\beta$ diagram can quickly identify which fireballs are likely meteorite candidates., Comment: 4 figures at end

Published
2019
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103. Clinical implications of conflicting variant interpretations in the cancer genetics clinic

Author

Zukin, Elyssa, Culver, Julie O., Liu, Yuxi, Yang, Yunqi, Ricker, Charité N., Hodan, Rachel, Sturgeon, Duveen, Kingham, Kerry, Chun, Nicolette M., Rowe-Teeter, Courtney, Singh, Kathryn, Zell, Jason A., Ladabaum, Uri, McDonnell, Kevin J., Ford, James M., Parmigiani, Giovanni, Braun, Danielle, Kurian, Allison W., Gruber, Stephen B., and Idos, Gregory E.

Published
2023
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104. Balanced portfolios hit sweet spot with soft landing in view

Author

Sturgeon, Jamie

Subjects
Investment analysis, Consumer price indexes
Abstract

Investors are adjusting fixed income allocations as interest rates come down, The U.S. Federal Reserve Board’s move to slash its policy rate by a hefty half a percentage point on Sept. 18 awakened many investors to the prospect that the fat [...]

Published
2024

105. Push to create private markets indexes a step toward transparency

Author

Sturgeon, Jamie

Subjects
MSCI Inc., BlackRock Inc., Online information services, Online services, Mutual fund industry, Information services, Stock price indexes, Online information service
Abstract

As more investors consider private markets, there’s growing demand for timely and relevant data, While investors can rely on benchmarks such as the S&P/TSX Composite Index or the MSCI World Index to understand how Canadian or global equities are performing, tools to evaluate private [...]

Published
2024

106. Growth of private assets requires careful estate planning; Alternative investments can often create liquidity issues and other challenges for executors

Author

Sturgeon, Jamie

Subjects
Assets (Accounting) -- Investments, Estate planning -- Laws, regulations and rules, Portfolio management, Government regulation, Company investment, General interest, News, opinion and commentary
Abstract

Byline: JAMIE STURGEON GLOBE ADVISOR As private assets become more common in investment portfolios, estate experts say these alternative investments create unique challenges for executors. A multitude of private asset [...]

Published
2024

107. Growth of private assets poses liquidity issues for estates, requiring careful planning

Author

Sturgeon, Jamie

Subjects
Private equity, Financial management, Company financing
Abstract

Alternative investments create unique challenges for executors, https://www.theglobeandmail.com/investing/globe-advisor/?utm_source=Globe%20Advisor&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=newsletter&utm_content=2021-12-17_7&utm_term=advisor_weekly_cross_promote_advisor_markets&cu_id=6SJND3YLRIZaO5PUPgekOHYjPo35ExpC#globe-advisor-newslettersfor the Globe Advisor weekly newsletter for professional financial advisors. For more from Globe Advisor, visit ourhttps://www.theglobeandmail.com/investing/globe-advisor/. As private assets become more common in investment portfolios, estate experts say these [...]

Published
2024

108. For tax-efficient wealth transfers, plan early and revisit often

Author

Sturgeon, Jamie

Subjects
Financial management, Estate tax
Abstract

https://www.theglobeandmail.com/investing/globe-advisor/?utm_source=Globe%20Advisor&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=newsletter&utm_content=2021-12-17_7&utm_term=advisor_weekly_cross_promote_advisor_markets&cu_id=6SJND3YLRIZaO5PUPgekOHYjPo35ExpC#globe-advisor-newsletters for the Globe Advisor weekly newsletter for professional financial advisors. For more from Globe Advisor, visit our https://www.theglobeandmail.com/investing/globe-advisor/. Nothing is certain except death and taxes. That immutable truth was [...]

Published
2024

109. How life insurance can make for more tax-efficient intergenerational wealth transfers

Author

Sturgeon, Jamie

Subjects
Personal finance -- Economic aspects -- Taxation, Financial services industry -- Economic aspects -- Taxation, Financial management -- Economic aspects, Estate planning -- Taxation -- Economic aspects, Financial services industry
Abstract

Using insurance strategies to keep wealth in a family has become even more important considering the recent hike to the capital gains inclusion rate, https://www.theglobeandmail.com/investing/globe-advisor/?utm_source=Globe%20Advisor&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=newsletter&utm_content=2021-12-17_7&utm_term=advisor_weekly_cross_promote_advisor_markets&cu_id=6SJND3YLRIZaO5PUPgekOHYjPo35ExpC#globe-advisor-newsletters for the Globe Advisor weekly newsletter for professional financial advisors. For more from Globe Advisor, visit our https://www.theglobeandmail.com/investing/globe-advisor/. Many people view life insurance mainly as a necessary cost during [...]

Published
2024

110. Psychotropic Medication Use and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk

Author

George, Anna, Sturgeon, Susan R, Hankinson, Susan E, Shadyab, Aladdin H, Wallace, Robert B, and Reeves, Katherine W

Subjects
Health Services and Systems, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer, Breast Cancer, Clinical Research, Mental Health, Prevention, Aging, Patient Safety, Aged, Breast, Breast Carcinoma In Situ, Breast Neoplasms, Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Mammography, Middle Aged, Postmenopause, Proportional Hazards Models, Psychotropic Drugs, Risk Factors, United States, Medical and Health Sciences, Epidemiology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

BackgroundPrior studies evaluating psychotropic medications in relation to breast cancer risk are inconsistent and have not separately evaluated invasive and in situ disease.MethodsWe estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association of psychotropic medication use (any, typical antipsychotics, atypical antipsychotics, and lithium) with invasive and in situ breast cancer risk among Women's Health Initiative participants (N = 155,737).ResultsPrevalence of psychotropic medication use was low (n = 642; 0.4%). During an average 14.8 (SD, 6.5) years of follow-up, 10,067 invasive and 2,285 in situ breast tissues were diagnosed. Any psychotropic medication use was not associated with invasive breast cancer risk compared with nonusers (HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.57-1.18). In situ breast cancer risk was higher among "typical" antipsychotic medication users compared with nonusers (HR, 2.05; 95% CI, 0.97-4.30).ConclusionsThese findings do not support an association of psychotropic medication use with invasive breast cancer risk. The possible elevation in in situ breast cancer risk associated with "typical" antipsychotics could not be explained by differences in screening mammography utilization and merits further study.ImpactOur findings contribute to knowledge of the safety profile of psychotropic medications and may be useful to clinicians and patients considering use of these medications.

Published
2020

119. Outcomes of the ABMS THA

Author

Rana, Adam J., Sturgeon, Callahan M., McGrory, Brian J., Babikian, George, Geller, Jeffrey A., editor, and McGrory, Brian J., editor

Published
2022
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122. Light‐intensity and moderate‐to‐vigorous intensity physical activity among older adult breast cancer survivors with obesity: A narrative review

Author

Brett R. Gordon, Maxime Caru, Cindy K. Blair, Shirley M. Bluethmann, David E. Conroy, Shawna E. Doerksen, Jonathon G. Hakun, Kathleen M. Sturgeon, Melanie Potiaumpai, Christopher N. Sciamanna, and Kathryn H. Schmitz

Subjects
aged, health promotion, breast neoplasms, exercise, obesity, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Abstract Background With an aging population, rising incidence of breast cancer, improved survival rates, and obesity epidemic, there will be a growing population of older adult breast cancer survivors with obesity. This complex population, often with multimorbidity, is at risk for several poor health outcomes, including recurrence, cardiovascular disease, dementia, and diabetes, and a number of deleterious symptoms, including a worsened inflammatory profile, breast cancer‐ related lymphedema, mobility disability, cognitive impairment, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. A wealth of meta‐analytic and randomized controlled trial evidence show that adherence to World Health Organization and 2018 United States Physical Activity guidelines‐based levels of moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (MVPA) reduces risk of all‐cause mortality, and improves symptoms. However, few survivors engage in recommended levels of MVPA, and symptoms related to their multimorbidity may preclude engaging in sufficient levels of MVPA. Additional research of MVPA in this population is warranted; however, understudied light‐intensity physical activity (LIPA) may be a more pragmatic target than MVPA among this complex population facing extensive challenges meeting MVPA recommendations. Large benefits are likely to occur from increasing these survivors' total activity, and LIPA prescriptions may be a more pragmatic approach than MVPA to aid this transition. Methods We present a broad, narrative review of the evidence for MVPA and LIPA in this population on an array of health outcomes across the translational science spectrum (clinical, implementation, and public health), and identify a number of directions for future research focused on understanding the potential diverse health effects of LIPA. Conclusion Additional LIPA research is warranted, as LIPA prescriptions may be a pragmatic strategy to effectively promote physical activity to this complex population.

Published
2022
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123. Reactive astrocytes transduce inflammation in a blood-brain barrier model through a TNF-STAT3 signaling axis and secretion of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin

Author

Hyosung Kim, Kun Leng, Jinhee Park, Alexander G. Sorets, Suil Kim, Alena Shostak, Rebecca J. Embalabala, Kate Mlouk, Ketaki A. Katdare, Indigo V. L. Rose, Sarah M. Sturgeon, Emma H. Neal, Yan Ao, Shinong Wang, Michael V. Sofroniew, Jonathan M. Brunger, Douglas G. McMahon, Matthew S. Schrag, Martin Kampmann, and Ethan S. Lippmann

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Inflammation of brain endothelial cells is seen in neurodegenerative conditions and in aging. Here the authors examine the role of astrocytes in blood brain barrier function using an iPSC-derived cell co-culture model.

Published
2022
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125. Chromosome-length genome assemblies and cytogenomic analyses of pangolins reveal remarkable chromosome counts and plasticity

Author

Houck, Marlys L., Koepfli, Klaus-Peter, Hains, Taylor, Khan, Ruqayya, Charter, Suellen J., Fronczek, Julie A., Misuraca, Ann C., Kliver, Sergei, Perelman, Polina L., Beklemisheva, Violetta, Graphodatsky, Alexander, Luo, Shu-Jin, O’Brien, Stephen J., Lim, Norman T.-L., Chin, Jason S. C., Guerra, Vanessa, Tamazian, Gaik, Omer, Arina, Weisz, David, Kaemmerer, Kenneth, Sturgeon, Ginger, Gaspard, Joseph, Hahn, Alicia, McDonough, Mark, Garcia-Treviño, Isabel, Gentry, Jordan, Coke, Rob L., Janecka, Jan E., Harrigan, Ryan J., Tinsman, Jen, Smith, Thomas B., Aiden, Erez Lieberman, and Dudchenko, Olga

Published
2023
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126. Overview of T and D–T results in JET with ITER-like wall

Author

C.F. Maggi, D. Abate, N. Abid, P. Abreu, O. Adabonyan, M. Afzal, I. Ahmad, M. Akhtar, R. Albanese, S. Aleiferis, E. Alessi, P. Aleynikov, J. Alguacil, J. Alhage, M. Ali, H. Allen, M. Allinson, M. Alonzo, E. Alves, R. Ambrosino, E. Andersson Sundén, P. Andrew, M. Angelone, C. Angioni, I. Antoniou, L. Appel, C. Appelbee, C. Aramunde, M. Ariola, G. Arnoux, G. Artaserse, J.-F. Artaud, W. Arter, V. Artigues, F.J. Artola, A. Ash, O. Asztalos, D. Auld, F. Auriemma, Y. Austin, L. Avotina, J. Ayllón, E. Aymerich, A. Baciero, L. Bähner, F. Bairaktaris, I. Balboa, M. Balden, N. Balshaw, V.K. Bandaru, J. Banks, A. Banon Navarro, C. Barcellona, O. Bardsley, M. Barnes, R. Barnsley, M. Baruzzo, M. Bassan, A. Batista, P. Batistoni, L. Baumane, B. Bauvir, L. Baylor, C. Bearcroft, P. Beaumont, D. Beckett, A. Begolli, M. Beidler, N. Bekris, M. Beldishevski, E. Belli, F. Belli, S. Benkadda, J. Bentley, E. Bernard, J. Bernardo, M. Bernert, M. Berry, L. Bertalot, H. Betar, M. Beurskens, P.G. Bhat, S. Bickerton, J. Bielecki, T. Biewer, R. Bilato, P. Bílková, G. Birkenmeier, R. Bisson, J.P.S. Bizarro, P. Blatchford, A. Bleasdale, V. Bobkov, A. Boboc, A. Bock, G. Bodnar, P. Bohm, L. Bonalumi, N. Bonanomi, D. Bonfiglio, X. Bonnin, P. Bonofiglo, J. Booth, D. Borba, D. Borodin, I. Borodkina, T.O.S.J. Bosman, C. Bourdelle, M. Bowden, I. Božičević Mihalić, S.C. Bradnam, B. Breizman, S. Brezinsek, D. Brida, M. Brix, P. Brown, D. Brunetti, M. Buckley, J. Buermans, H. Bufferand, P. Buratti, A. Burckhart, A. Burgess, A. Buscarino, A. Busse, D. Butcher, G. Calabrò, L. Calacci, R. Calado, R. Canavan, B. Cannas, M. Cannon, M. Cappelli, S. Carcangiu, P. Card, A. Cardinali, S. Carli, P. Carman, D. Carnevale, B. Carvalho, I.S. Carvalho, P. Carvalho, I. Casiraghi, F.J. Casson, C. Castaldo, J.P. Catalan, N. Catarino, F. Causa, M. Cavedon, M. Cecconello, L. Ceelen, C.D. Challis, B. Chamberlain, R. Chandra, C.S. Chang, A. Chankin, B. Chapman, P. Chauhan, M. Chernyshova, A. Chiariello, G.-C. Chira, P. Chmielewski, A. Chomiczewska, L. Chone, J. Cieslik, G. Ciraolo, D. Ciric, J. Citrin, Ł. Ciupinski, R. Clarkson, M. Cleverly, P. Coates, V. Coccorese, R. Coelho, J.W. Coenen, I.H. Coffey, A. Colangeli, L. Colas, J. Collins, S. Conroy, C. Contré, N.J. Conway, D. Coombs, P. Cooper, S. Cooper, L. Cordaro, C. Corradino, Y. Corre, G. Corrigan, D. Coster, T. Craciunescu, S. Cramp, D. Craven, R. Craven, G. Croci, D. Croft, K. Crombé, T. Cronin, N. Cruz, A. Cufar, A. Cullen, A. Dal Molin, S. Dalley, P. David, A. Davies, J. Davies, S. Davies, G. Davis, K. Dawson, S. Dawson, I. Day, G. De Tommasi, J. Deane, M. Dearing, M. De Bock, J. Decker, R. Dejarnac, E. Delabie, E. de la Cal, E. de la Luna, D. Del Sarto, A. Dempsey, W. Deng, A. Dennett, G.L. Derks, G. De Temmerman, F. Devasagayam, P. de Vries, P. Devynck, A. di Siena, D. Dickinson, T. Dickson, M. Diez, P. Dinca, T. Dittmar, L. Dittrich, J. Dobrashian, T. Dochnal, A.J.H. Donné, W. Dorland, S. Dorling, S. Dormido-Canto, R. Dotse, D. Douai, S. Dowson, R. Doyle, M. Dreval, P. Drews, G. Drummond, Ph. Duckworth, H.G. Dudding, R. Dumont, P. Dumortier, D. Dunai, T. Dunatov, M. Dunne, I. Ďuran, F. Durodié, R. Dux, T. Eade, E. Eardley, J. Edwards, T. Eich, A. Eksaeva, H. El-Haroun, R.D. Ellis, G. Ellwood, C. Elsmore, S. Emery, G. Ericsson, B. Eriksson, F. Eriksson, J. Eriksson, L.G. Eriksson, S. Ertmer, G. Evans, S. Evans, E. Fable, D. Fagan, M. Faitsch, D. Fajardo Jimenez, M. Falessi, A. Fanni, T. Farmer, I. Farquhar, B. Faugeras, S. Fazinić, N. Fedorczak, K. Felker, R. Felton, H. Fernandes, D.R. Ferreira, J. Ferreira, G. Ferrò, J. Fessey, O. Février, O. Ficker, A.R. Field, A. Figueiredo, J. Figueiredo, A. Fil, N. Fil, P. Finburg, U. Fischer, G. Fishpool, L. Fittill, M. Fitzgerald, D. Flammini, J. Flanagan, S. Foley, N. Fonnesu, M. Fontana, J.M. Fontdecaba, L. Fortuna, E. Fortuna-Zalesna, M. Fortune, C. Fowler, P. Fox, O. Franklin, E. Fransson, L. Frassinetti, R. Fresa, D. Frigione, T. Fülöp, M. Furseman, S. Gabriellini, D. Gadariya, S. Gadgil, K. Gál, S. Galeani, A. Galkowski, D. Gallart, M. Gambrioli, T. Gans, J. Garcia, M. García-Muñoz, L. Garzotti, J. Gaspar, R. Gatto, P. Gaudio, D. Gear, T. Gebhart, S. Gee, M. Gelfusa, R. George, S.N. Gerasimov, R. Gerru, G. Gervasini, M. Gethins, Z. Ghani, M. Gherendi, P.-I. Gherghina, F. Ghezzi, L. Giacomelli, C. Gibson, L. Gil, M.R. Gilbert, A. Gillgren, E. Giovannozzi, C. Giroud, G. Giruzzi, J. Goff, V. Goloborodko, R. Gomes, J.-F. Gomez, B. Gonçalves, M. Goniche, J. Gonzalez-Martin, A. Goodyear, S. Gore, G. Gorini, T. Görler, N. Gotts, E. Gow, J.P. Graves, J. Green, H. Greuner, E. Grigore, F. Griph, W. Gromelski, M. Groth, C. Grove, R. Grove, N. Gupta, S. Hacquin, L. Hägg, A. Hakola, M. Halitovs, J. Hall, C.J. Ham, M. Hamed, M.R. Hardman, Y. Haresawa, G. Harrer, J.R. Harrison, D. Harting, D.R. Hatch, T. Haupt, J. Hawes, N.C. Hawkes, J. Hawkins, S. Hazael, J. Hearmon, P. Heesterman, P. Heinrich, M. Held, W. Helou, O. Hemming, S.S. Henderson, R. Henriques, R.B. Henriques, D. Hepple, J. Herfindal, G. Hermon, J.C. Hillesheim, K. Hizanidis, A. Hjalmarsson, A. Ho, J. Hobirk, O. Hoenen, C. Hogben, A. Hollingsworth, S. Hollis, E. Hollmann, M. Hölzl, M. Hook, M. Hoppe, J. Horáček, N. Horsten, A. Horton, L.D. Horton, L. Horvath, S. Hotchin, Z. Hu, Z. Huang, E. Hubenov, A. Huber, V. Huber, T. Huddleston, G.T.A. Huijsmans, Y. Husain, P. Huynh, A. Hynes, D. Iglesias, M.V. Iliasova, M. Imríšek, J. Ingleby, P. Innocente, V. Ioannou-Sougleridis, N. Isernia, I. Ivanova-Stanik, E. Ivings, S. Jachmich, T. Jackson, A.S. Jacobsen, P. Jacquet, H. Järleblad, A. Järvinen, F. Jaulmes, N. Jayasekera, F. Jenko, I. Jepu, E. Joffrin, T. Johnson, J. Johnston, C. Jones, E. Jones, G. Jones, L. Jones, T.T.C. Jones, A. Joyce, M. Juvonen, A. Kallenbach, P. Kalnina, D. Kalupin, P. Kanth, A. Kantor, A. Kappatou, O. Kardaun, J. Karhunen, E. Karsakos, Ye.O. Kazakov, V. Kazantzidis, D.L. Keeling, W. Kelly, M. Kempenaars, D. Kennedy, K. Khan, E. Khilkevich, C. Kiefer, H.-T. Kim, J. Kim, S.H. Kim, D.B. King, D.J. Kinna, V.G. Kiptily, A. Kirjasuo, K.K. Kirov, A. Kirschner, T. Kiviniemi, G. Kizane, C. Klepper, A. Klix, G. Kneale, M. Knight, P. Knight, R. Knights, S. Knipe, U. Knoche, M. Knolker, M. Kocan, F. Köchl, G. Kocsis, J.T.W. Koenders, Y. Kolesnichenko, Y. Kominis, M. Kong, B. Kool, V. Korovin, S.B. Korsholm, B. Kos, D. Kos, M. Koubiti, Y. Kovtun, E. Kowalska-Strzęciwilk, K. Koziol, Y. Krasikov, A. Krasilnikov, V. Krasilnikov, M. Kresina, A. Kreter, K. Krieger, A. Krivska, U. Kruezi, I. Książek, H. Kumpulainen, B. Kurzan, S. Kwak, O.J. Kwon, B. Labit, M. Lacquaniti, A. Lagoyannis, L. Laguardia, A. Laing, V. Laksharam, N. Lam, H.T. Lambertz, B. Lane, M. Langley, E. Lascas Neto, E. Łaszyńska, K.D. Lawson, A. Lazaros, E. Lazzaro, G. Learoyd, C. Lee, K. Lee, S. Leerink, T. Leeson, X. Lefebvre, H.J. Leggate, J. Lehmann, M. Lehnen, D. Leichtle, F. Leipold, I. Lengar, M. Lennholm, E. Leon Gutierrez, L.A. Leppin, E. Lerche, A. Lescinskis, S. Lesnoj, L. Lewin, J. Lewis, J. Likonen, Ch. Linsmeier, X. Litaudon, E. Litherland-Smith, F. Liu, T. Loarer, A. Loarte, R. Lobel, B. Lomanowski, P.J. Lomas, J. Lombardo, R. Lorenzini, S. Loreti, V.P. Loschiavo, M. Loughlin, T. Lowe, C. Lowry, T. Luce, R. Lucock, T. Luda Di Cortemiglia, M. Lungaroni, C.P. Lungu, T. Lunt, V. Lutsenko, B. Lyons, J. Macdonald, E. Macusova, R. Mäenpää, H. Maier, J. Mailloux, S. Makarov, P. Manas, A. Manning, P. Mantica, M.J. Mantsinen, J. Manyer, A. Manzanares, Ph. Maquet, M. Maraschek, G. Marceca, G. Marcer, C. Marchetto, O. Marchuk, A. Mariani, G. Mariano, M. Marin, A. Marin Roldan, M. Marinelli, T. Markovič, L. Marot, C. Marren, S. Marsden, S. Marsen, J. Marsh, R. Marshall, L. Martellucci, A.J. Martin, C. Martin, R. Martone, S. Maruyama, M. Maslov, M. Mattei, G.F. Matthews, D. Matveev, E. Matveeva, A. Mauriya, F. Maviglia, M. Mayer, M.-L. Mayoral, S. Mazzi, C. Mazzotta, R. McAdams, P.J. McCarthy, P. McCullen, R. McDermott, D.C. McDonald, D. McGuckin, V. McKay, L. McNamee, A. McShee, D. Mederick, M. Medland, S. Medley, K. Meghani, A.G. Meigs, S. Meitner, S. Menmuir, K. Mergia, S. Mianowski, P. Middleton, J. Mietelski, K. Mikszuta-Michalik, D. Milanesio, E. Milani, E. Militello-Asp, F. Militello, J. Milnes, A. Milocco, S. Minucci, I. Miron, J. Mitchell, J. Mlynář, V. Moiseenko, P. Monaghan, I. Monakhov, A. Montisci, S. Moon, R. Mooney, S. Moradi, R.B. Morales, L. Morgan, F. Moro, J. Morris, T. Mrowetz, L. Msero, S. Munot, A. Muñoz-Perez, M. Muraglia, A. Murari, A. Muraro, B. N’Konga, Y.S. Na, F. Nabais, R. Naish, F. Napoli, E. Nardon, V. Naulin, M.F.F. Nave, R. Neu, S. Ng, M. Nicassio, D. Nicolai, A.H. Nielsen, S.K. Nielsen, D. Nina, C. Noble, C.R. Nobs, M. Nocente, H. Nordman, S. Nowak, H. Nyström, J. O’Callaghan, M. O’Mullane, C. O’Neill, C. Olde, H.J.C. Oliver, R. Olney, J. Ongena, G.P. Orsitto, A. Osipov, R. Otin, N. Pace, L.W. Packer, E. Pajuste, D. Palade, J. Palgrave, O. Pan, N. Panadero, T. Pandya, E. Panontin, A. Papadopoulos, G. Papadopoulos, G. Papp, V.V. Parail, A. Parsloe, K. Paschalidis, M. Passeri, A. Patel, A. Pau, G. Pautasso, R. Pavlichenko, A. Pavone, E. Pawelec, C. Paz-Soldan, A. Peacock, M. Pearce, I.J. Pearson, E. Peluso, C. Penot, K. Pepperell, A. Perdas, T. Pereira, E. Perelli Cippo, C. Perez von Thun, D. Perry, P. Petersson, G. Petravich, N. Petrella, M. Peyman, L. Pigatto, M. Pillon, S. Pinches, G. Pintsuk, C. Piron, A. Pironti, F. Pisano, R. Pitts, U. Planck, N. Platt, V. Plyusnin, M. Podesta, G. Pokol, F.M. Poli, O.G. Pompilian, M. Poradzinski, M. Porkolab, C. Porosnicu, G. Poulipoulis, A.S. Poulsen, I. Predebon, A. Previti, D. Primetzhofer, G. Provatas, G. Pucella, P. Puglia, K. Purahoo, O. Putignano, T. Pütterich, A. Quercia, G. Radulescu, V. Radulovic, R. Ragona, M. Rainford, P. Raj, M. Rasinski, D. Rasmussen, J. Rasmussen, J.J. Rasmussen, A. Raso, G. Rattá, S. Ratynskaia, R. Rayaprolu, M. Rebai, A. Redl, D. Rees, D. Réfy, R. Reichle, H. Reimerdes, B.C.G. Reman, C. Reux, S. Reynolds, D. Rigamonti, E. Righi, F.G. Rimini, J. Risner, J.F. Rivero-Rodriguez, C.M. Roach, J. Roberts, R. Robins, S. Robinson, D. Robson, S. Rode, P. Rodrigues, P. Rodriguez-Fernandez, S. Romanelli, J. Romazanov, E. Rose, C. Rose-Innes, R. Rossi, S. Rowe, D. Rowlands, C. Rowley, M. Rubel, G. Rubinacci, G. Rubino, M. Rud, J. Ruiz Ruiz, F. Ryter, S. Saarelma, A. Sahlberg, M. Salewski, A. Salmi, R. Salmon, F. Salzedas, F. Sanchez, I. Sanders, D. Sandiford, F. Sanni, O. Sauter, P. Sauvan, G. Schettini, A. Shevelev, A.A. Schekochihin, K. Schmid, B.S. Schmidt, S. Schmuck, M. Schneider, P.A. Schneider, N. Schoonheere, R. Schramm, D. Scoon, S. Scully, M. Segato, J. Seidl, L. Senni, J. Seo, G. Sergienko, M. Sertoli, S.E. Sharapov, R. Sharma, A. Shaw, R. Shaw, H. Sheikh, U. Sheikh, N. Shi, P. Shigin, D. Shiraki, G. Sias, M. Siccinio, B. Sieglin, S.A. Silburn, A. Silva, C. Silva, J. Silva, D. Silvagni, D. Simfukwe, J. Simpson, P. Sirén, A. Sirinelli, H. Sjöstrand, N. Skinner, J. Slater, T. Smart, R.D. Smirnov, N. Smith, P. Smith, T. Smith, J. Snell, L. Snoj, E.R. Solano, V. Solokha, C. Sommariva, K. Soni, M. Sos, J. Sousa, C. Sozzi, T. Spelzini, F. Spineanu, L. Spolladore, D. Spong, C. Srinivasan, G. Staebler, A. Stagni, I. Stamatelatos, M.F. Stamp, Ž. Štancar, P.A. Staniec, G. Stankūnas, M. Stead, B. Stein-Lubrano, A. Stephen, J. Stephens, P. Stevenson, C. Steventon, M. Stojanov, D.A. St-Onge, P. Strand, S. Strikwerda, C.I. Stuart, S. Sturgeon, H.J. Sun, S. Surendran, W. Suttrop, J. Svensson, J. Svoboda, R. Sweeney, G. Szepesi, M. Szoke, T. Tadić, B. Tal, T. Tala, P. Tamain, K. Tanaka, W. Tang, G. Tardini, M. Tardocchi, D. Taylor, A.S. Teimane, G. Telesca, A. Teplukhina, A. Terra, D. Terranova, N. Terranova, D. Testa, B. Thomas, V.K. Thompson, A. Thorman, A.S. Thrysoe, W. Tierens, R.A. Tinguely, A. Tipton, H. Todd, M. Tomeš, A. Tookey, P. Tsavalas, D. Tskhakaya, L.-P. Turică, A. Turner, I. Turner, M. Turner, M.M. Turner, G. Tvalashvili, A. Tykhyy, S. Tyrrell, A. Uccello, V. Udintsev, A. Vadgama, D.F. Valcarcel, A. Valentini, M. Valisa, M. Vallar, M. Valovic, M. Van Berkel, K.L. van de Plassche, M. van Rossem, D. Van Eester, J. Varela, J. Varje, T. Vasilopoulou, G. Vayakis, M. Vecsei, J. Vega, M. Veis, P. Veis, S. Ventre, M. Veranda, G. Verdoolaege, C. Verona, G. Verona Rinati, E. Veshchev, N. Vianello, E. Viezzer, L. Vignitchouk, R. Vila, R. Villari, F. Villone, P. Vincenzi, A. Vitins, Z. Vizvary, M. Vlad, I. Voldiner, U. Von Toussaint, P. Vondráček, B. Wakeling, M. Walker, R. Walker, M. Walsh, R. Walton, E. Wang, F. Warren, R. Warren, J. Waterhouse, C. Watts, T. Webster, M. Weiland, H. Weisen, M. Weiszflog, N. Wendler, A. West, M. Wheatley, S. Whetham, A. Whitehead, D. Whittaker, A. Widdowson, S. Wiesen, M. Willensdorfer, J. Williams, I. Wilson, T. Wilson, M. Wischmeier, A. Withycombe, D. Witts, A. Wojcik-Gargula, E. Wolfrum, R. Wood, R. Woodley, R. Worrall, I. Wyss, T. Xu, D. Yadykin, Y. Yakovenko, Y. Yang, V. Yanovskiy, R. Yi, I. Young, R. Young, B. Zaar, R.J. Zabolockis, L. Zakharov, P. Zanca, A. Zarins, D. Zarzoso Fernandez, K.-D. Zastrow, Y. Zayachuk, M. Zerbini, W. Zhang, B. Zimmermann, M. Zlobinski, A. Zocco, V.K. Zotta, M. Zuin, W. Zwingmann, and I. Zychor

Subjects
magnetic fusion, JET-ILW, D–T, tritium, alpha particles, fusion prediction, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

In 2021 JET exploited its unique capabilities to operate with T and D–T fuel with an ITER-like Be/W wall (JET-ILW). This second major JET D–T campaign (DTE2), after DTE1 in 1997, represented the culmination of a series of JET enhancements—new fusion diagnostics, new T injection capabilities, refurbishment of the T plant, increased auxiliary heating, in-vessel calibration of 14 MeV neutron yield monitors—as well as significant advances in plasma theory and modelling in the fusion community. DTE2 was complemented by a sequence of isotope physics campaigns encompassing operation in pure tritium at high T-NBI power. Carefully conducted for safe operation with tritium, the new T and D–T experiments used 1 kg of T (vs 100 g in DTE1), yielding the most fusion reactor relevant D–T plasmas to date and expanding our understanding of isotopes and D–T mixture physics. Furthermore, since the JET T and DTE2 campaigns occurred almost 25 years after the last major D–T tokamak experiment, it was also a strategic goal of the European fusion programme to refresh operational experience of a nuclear tokamak to prepare staff for ITER operation. The key physics results of the JET T and DTE2 experiments, carried out within the EUROfusion JET1 work package, are reported in this paper. Progress in the technological exploitation of JET D–T operations, development and validation of nuclear codes, neutronic tools and techniques for ITER operations carried out by EUROfusion (started within the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme and continuing under the Horizon Europe FP) are reported in (Litaudon et al Nucl. Fusion accepted), while JET experience on T and D–T operations is presented in (King et al Nucl. Fusion submitted).

Published
2024
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128. MARVEL Analysis of the Measured High-Resolution Rovibronic Spectra of 90Zr16O

Author

McKemmish, Laura K, Borsovszky, Jasmin, Goodhew, Katie L, Sheppard, Samuel, Bennett, Aphra F V, Martin, Alfie D J, Singh, Amrik, Sturgeon, Callum A J, Furtenbacher, Tibor, Csaszar, Attila G, and Tennyson, Jonathan

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Zirconium oxide(ZrO) is an important astrophysical molecule that defines the S-star classification class for cool giant stars. Accurate, empirical rovibronic energy levels, with associated labels and uncertainties, are reported for 9 low-lying electronic states of the diatomic 90Zr16O molecule. These 8088 empirical energy levels are determined using the Marvel (Measured Active Rotational-Vibrational Energy Levels) algorithm with 23 317 input assigned transition frequencies, 22 549 of which were validated. A temperature-dependent partition function is presented alongside updated spectroscopic constants for the 9 low-lying electronic states.

Published
2018
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129. Observation of metre-scale impactors by the Desert Fireball Network

Author

Devillepoix, Hadrien A. R., Bland, Philip A., Sansom, Eleanor K., Towner, Martin C., Cupák, Martin, Howie, Robert M., Hartig, Benjamin A. D., Jansen-Sturgeon, Trent, and Cox, Morgan A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

The Earth is impacted by 35-40 metre-scale objects every year. These meteoroids are the low mass end of impactors that can do damage on the ground. Despite this they are very poorly surveyed and characterised, too infrequent for ground based fireball bservation efforts, and too small to be efficiently detected by NEO telescopic surveys whilst still in interplanetary space. We want to evaluate the suitability of different instruments for characterising metre-scale impactors and where they come from. We use data collected over the first 3 years of operation of the continent-scale Desert Fireball Network, and compare results with other published results as well as orbital sensors. We find that although the orbital sensors have the advantage of using the entire planet as collecting area, there are several serious problems with the accuracy of the data, notably the reported velocity vector, which is key to getting an accurate pre-impact orbit and calculating meteorite fall positions. We also outline dynamic range issues that fireball networks face when observing large meteoroid entries., Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures

Published
2018
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130. Comparing Analytical and Numerical Approaches to Meteoroid Orbit Determination using Hayabusa Telemetry

Author

Jansen-Sturgeon, Trent, Sansom, Eleanor K., and Bland, Philip A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Fireball networks establish the trajectories of meteoritic material passing through Earth's atmosphere, from which they can derive pre-entry orbits. Triangulated atmospheric trajectory data requires different orbit determination methods to those applied to observational data beyond the Earth's sphere-of-influence, such as telescopic observations of asteroids. Currently, the vast majority of fireball networks determine and publish orbital data using an analytical approach, with little flexibility to include orbital perturbations. Here we present a novel numerical technique for determining meteoroid orbits from fireball network data and compare it to previously established methods. The re-entry of the Hayabusa spacecraft, with its known pre-Earth orbit, provides a unique opportunity to perform this comparison as it was observed by fireball network cameras. As initial sightings of the Hayabusa spacecraft and capsule were made at different altitudes, we are able to quantify the atmosphere's influence on the determined pre-Earth orbit. Considering these trajectories independently, we found the orbits determined by the novel numerical approach to align closer to JAXA's telemetry in both cases. Comparing the orbits determined from the capsule's re-entry shows the need for an atmospheric model, which the prevailing analytical approach lacks. Using simulations, we determine the atmospheric perturbation to become significant at ~90 km; higher than the first observations of typical meteorite dropping events. Using further simulations, we find the most substantial differences between techniques to occur at both low entry velocities and Moon passing trajectories. These regions of comparative divergence demonstrate the need for perturbation inclusion within the chosen orbit determination algorithm., Comment: 17 pages, 8 figures

Published
2018
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131. The Dingle Dell meteorite: a Halloween treat from the Main Belt

Author

Devillepoix, Hadrien A. R., Sansom, Eleanor K., Bland, Philip A., Towner, Martin C., Cupák, Martin, Howie, Robert M., Jansen-Sturgeon, Trent, Cox, Morgan A., Hartig, Benjamin A. D., Benedix, Gretchen K., and Paxman, Jonathan P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We describe the fall of the Dingle Dell (L/LL 5) meteorite near Morawa in Western Australia on October 31, 2016. The fireball was observed by six observatories of the Desert Fireball Network (DFN), a continental scale facility optimised to recover meteorites and calculate their pre-entry orbits. The $30\,\mbox{cm}$ meteoroid entered at 15.44 $\mbox{km s}^{-1}$, followed a moderately steep trajectory of $51^{\circ}$ to the horizon from 81 km down to 19 km altitude, where the luminous flight ended at a speed of 3.2 $\mbox{km s}^{-1}$. Deceleration data indicated one large fragment had made it to the ground. The four person search team recovered a 1.15 kg meteorite within 130 m of the predicted fall line, after 8 hours of searching, 6 days after the fall. Dingle Dell is the fourth meteorite recovered by the DFN in Australia, but the first before any rain had contaminated the sample. By numerical integration over 1 Ma, we show that Dingle Dell was most likely ejected from the main belt by the 3:1 mean-motion resonance with Jupiter, with only a marginal chance that it came from the $nu_6$ resonance. This makes the connection of Dingle Dell to the Flora family (currently thought to be the origin of LL chondrites) unlikely., Comment: 23 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MAPS (MAPS-2892)

Published
2018
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132. 3D Meteoroid Trajectories

Author

Sansom, Eleanor K., Jansen-Sturgeon, Trent, Rutten, Mark G., Bland, Phil A., Devillepoix, Hadrien A. R., Howie, Robert M., Cox, Morgan A., Towner, Martin C., Cupak, Martin, and Hartig, Benjamin A. D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Meteoroid modelling of fireball data typically uses a one dimensional model along a straight line triangulated trajectory. The assumption of a straight line trajectory has been considered an acceptable simplification for fireballs, but it has not been rigorously tested. The unique capability of the Desert Fireball Network (DFN) to triangulate discrete observation times gives the opportunity to investigate the deviation of a meteoroid's position to different model fits. Here we assess the viability of a straight line assumption for fireball data in two meteorite-dropping test cases observed by the Desert Fireball Network (DFN) in Australia -- one over 21 seconds (\textit{DN151212\_03}), one under 5 seconds (\textit{DN160410\_03}). We show that a straight line is not valid for these two meteorite dropping events and propose a three dimensional particle filter to model meteoroid positions without any straight line constraints. The single body equations in three dimensions, along with the luminosity equation, are applied to the particle filter methodology described by \citet{Sansom2017}. Modelling fireball camera network data in three dimensions has not previously been attempted. This allows the raw astrometric, line-of-sight observations to be incorporated directly. In analysing these two DFN events, the triangulated positions based on a straight line assumption result in the modelled meteoroid positions diverging up to $3.09\, km$ from the calculated observed point (for \textit{DN151212\_03}). Even for the more typical fireball event, \textit{DN160410\_03}, we see a divergence of up to $360$\,m. As DFN observations are typically precise to $<100$\,m, it is apparent that the assumption of a straight line is an oversimplification that will affect orbit calculations and meteorite search regions for a significant fraction of events.

Published
2018
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134. Colm Toibin's genre trouble

Author

Sturgeon, Nicola

Subjects
Long Island (Novel) -- Toibin, Colm, Books -- Book reviews
Abstract

Long Island Colm Toibin Picador, 304pp, 20 [pounds sterling] The sequel to Brooklyn is a rich tale of secrets and betrayal. Is it more than a romance novel? Colm Toibin's [...]

Published
2024

135. Identifying reproducible individual differences in childhood functional brain networks: An ABCD study

Author

Marek, Scott, Tervo-Clemmens, Brenden, Nielsen, Ashley N, Wheelock, Muriah D, Miller, Ryland L, Laumann, Timothy O, Earl, Eric, Foran, William W, Cordova, Michaela, Doyle, Olivia, Perrone, Anders, Miranda-Dominguez, Oscar, Feczko, Eric, Sturgeon, Darrick, Graham, Alice, Hermosillo, Robert, Snider, Kathy, Galassi, Anthony, Nagel, Bonnie J, Ewing, Sarah W Feldstein, Eggebrecht, Adam T, Garavan, Hugh, Dale, Anders M, Greene, Deanna J, Barch, Deanna M, Fair, Damien A, Luna, Beatriz, and Dosenbach, Nico UF

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Psychology, Pediatric, Neurosciences, Behavioral and Social Science, Brain, Brain Mapping, Child, Female, Humans, Individuality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, ABCD, Resting state fMRI, Functional connectivity, Development, Cognitive ability, Reproducibility, Clinical Sciences, Cognitive Sciences, Biological psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

The 21-site Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study provides an unparalleled opportunity to characterize functional brain development via resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and to quantify relationships between RSFC and behavior. This multi-site data set includes potentially confounding sources of variance, such as differences between data collection sites and/or scanner manufacturers, in addition to those inherent to RSFC (e.g., head motion). The ABCD project provides a framework for characterizing and reproducing RSFC and RSFC-behavior associations, while quantifying the extent to which sources of variability bias RSFC estimates. We quantified RSFC and functional network architecture in 2,188 9-10-year old children from the ABCD study, segregated into demographically-matched discovery (N = 1,166) and replication datasets (N = 1,022). We found RSFC and network architecture to be highly reproducible across children. We did not observe strong effects of site; however, scanner manufacturer effects were large, reproducible, and followed a "short-to-long" association with distance between regions. Accounting for potential confounding variables, we replicated that RSFC between several higher-order networks was related to general cognition. In sum, we provide a framework for how to characterize RSFC-behavior relationships in a rigorous and reproducible manner using the ABCD dataset and other large multi-site projects.

Published
2019

136. Image processing and analysis methods for the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study

Author

Hagler, Donald J, Hatton, SeanN, Cornejo, M Daniela, Makowski, Carolina, Fair, Damien A, Dick, Anthony Steven, Sutherland, Matthew T, Casey, BJ, Barch, Deanna M, Harms, Michael P, Watts, Richard, Bjork, James M, Garavan, Hugh P, Hilmer, Laura, Pung, Christopher J, Sicat, Chelsea S, Kuperman, Joshua, Bartsch, Hauke, Xue, Feng, Heitzeg, Mary M, Laird, Angela R, Trinh, Thanh T, Gonzalez, Raul, Tapert, Susan F, Riedel, Michael C, Squeglia, Lindsay M, Hyde, Luke W, Rosenberg, Monica D, Earl, Eric A, Howlett, Katia D, Baker, Fiona C, Soules, Mary, Diaz, Jazmin, de Leon, Octavio Ruiz, Thompson, Wesley K, Neale, Michael C, Herting, Megan, Sowell, Elizabeth R, Alvarez, Ruben P, Hawes, Samuel W, Sanchez, Mariana, Bodurka, Jerzy, Breslin, Florence J, Morris, Amanda Sheffield, Paulus, Martin P, Simmons, W Kyle, Polimeni, Jonathan R, van der Kouwe, Andre, Nencka, Andrew S, Gray, Kevin M, Pierpaoli, Carlo, Matochik, John A, Noronha, Antonio, Aklin, Will M, Conway, Kevin, Glantz, Meyer, Hoffman, Elizabeth, Little, Roger, Lopez, Marsha, Pariyadath, Vani, Weiss, Susan RB, Wolff-Hughes, Dana L, DelCarmen-Wiggins, Rebecca, Ewing, Sarah W Feldstein, Miranda-Dominguez, Oscar, Nagel, Bonnie J, Perrone, Anders J, Sturgeon, Darrick T, Goldstone, Aimee, Pfefferbaum, Adolf, Pohl, Kilian M, Prouty, Devin, Uban, Kristina, Bookheimer, Susan Y, Dapretto, Mirella, Galvan, Adriana, Bagot, Kara, Giedd, Jay, Infante, M Alejandra, Jacobus, Joanna, Patrick, Kevin, Shilling, Paul D, Desikan, Rahul, Li, Yi, Sugrue, Leo, Banich, Marie T, Friedman, Naomi, Hewitt, John K, Hopfer, Christian, Sakai, Joseph, Tanabe, Jody, Cottler, Linda B, Nixon, Sara Jo, Chang, Linda, Cloak, Christine, Ernst, Thomas, Reeves, Gloria, Kennedy, David N, Heeringa, Steve, and Peltier, Scott

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Neurosciences, Mental Health, Behavioral and Social Science, Substance Misuse, Pediatric, Women's Health, Clinical Research, Biomedical Imaging, Mental Illness, Brain Disorders, Neurological, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adolescent Development, Brain, Brain Mapping, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Multimodal Imaging, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic resonance imaging, ABCD, Data sharing, Processing pipeline, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is an ongoing, nationwide study of the effects of environmental influences on behavioral and brain development in adolescents. The main objective of the study is to recruit and assess over eleven thousand 9-10-year-olds and follow them over the course of 10 years to characterize normative brain and cognitive development, the many factors that influence brain development, and the effects of those factors on mental health and other outcomes. The study employs state-of-the-art multimodal brain imaging, cognitive and clinical assessments, bioassays, and careful assessment of substance use, environment, psychopathological symptoms, and social functioning. The data is a resource of unprecedented scale and depth for studying typical and atypical development. The aim of this manuscript is to describe the baseline neuroimaging processing and subject-level analysis methods used by ABCD. Processing and analyses include modality-specific corrections for distortions and motion, brain segmentation and cortical surface reconstruction derived from structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), analysis of brain microstructure using diffusion MRI (dMRI), task-related analysis of functional MRI (fMRI), and functional connectivity analysis of resting-state fMRI. This manuscript serves as a methodological reference for users of publicly shared neuroimaging data from the ABCD Study.

Published
2019

137. When pets become pests: the role of the exotic pet trade in producing invasive vertebrate animals

Author

Lockwood, Julie L, Welbourne, Dustin J, Romagosa, Christina M, Cassey, Phillip, Mandrak, Nicholas E, Strecker, Angela, Leung, Brian, Stringham, Oliver C, Udell, Bradley, Episcopio‐Sturgeon, Diane J, Tlusty, Michael F, Sinclair, James, Springborn, Michael R, Pienaar, Elizabeth F, Rhyne, Andrew L, and Keller, Reuben

Subjects
Life on Land, Ecology
Abstract

The annual trade in exotic vertebrates as pets is a multi-billion-dollar global business. Thousands of species, and tens of millions of individual animals, are shipped both internationally and within countries to satisfy this demand. Most research on the exotic pet trade has focused on its contribution to native biodiversity loss and disease spread. Here, we synthesize information across taxa and research disciplines to document the exotic pet trade's contribution to vertebrate biological invasions. We show recent and substantial worldwide growth in the number of non-native animal populations introduced via this invasion pathway, which demonstrates a strong potential to increase the number of invasive animals in the future. Key to addressing the invasion threat of exotic pets is learning more about the socioeconomic forces that drive the massive growth in the exotic pet market and the socioecological factors that underlie pet release by owners. These factors likely vary according to cultural pet-keeping traditions across regions and whether purchases were legal or illegal. These gaps in our understanding of the exotic pet trade must be addressed in order to implement effective policy solutions.

Published
2019

138. Association of sleep duration and insomnia with metabolic syndrome and its components in the Women’s Health Initiative

Author

Rita Peila, Xiaonan Xue, Elizabeth M. Cespedes Feliciano, Matthew Allison, Susan Sturgeon, Oleg Zaslavsky, Katie L. Stone, Heather M. Ochs-Balcom, Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani, Tracy E. Crane, Monica Aggarwal, Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller, and Thomas E. Rohan

Subjects
Postmenopausal women, Sleep duration, Insomnia, Metabolic syndrome, Longitudinal study, Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology, RC648-665
Abstract

Abstract Background Epidemiological evidence suggests that inadequate sleep duration and insomnia may be associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, longitudinal data with repeated measures of sleep duration and insomnia and of MetS are limited. We examined the association of sleep duration and insomnia with MetS and its components using longitudinal data from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI). Methods The study included postmenopausal women (ages 50–79 years) diabetes-free at enrollment in the WHI, with baseline data on sleep duration (n = 5,159), insomnia (n = 5,063), MetS, and its components. Repeated measures of self-reported sleep duration and insomnia were available from years 1 or 3 of follow-up and of the MetS components from years 3, 6 and 9. Associations were assessed using logistic regression and generalized estimating equations models, and odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for major risk factors were calculated. Results In cross-sectional analysis, baseline sleep duration ≥ 9 h was positively associated with MetS (OR = 1.51; 95%CI 1.12–2.04), while sleep duration of 8- 88 cm and triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dL (OR = 1.18; 95%CI 1.01–1.40 and OR = 1.23; 95%CI 1.05–1.46, respectively). Insomnia had a borderline positive association with MetS (OR = 1.14; 95%CI 0.99–1.31), and significant positive associations with waist circumference > 88 cm and glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL (OR = 1.18; 95%CI 1.03–1.34 and OR = 1.17; 95%CI 1.02–1.35, respectively). In the longitudinal analysis, change from restful sleep to insomnia over time was associated with increased odds of developing MetS (OR = 1.40; 95%CI 1.01–1.94), and of a triglyceride level ≥ 150 mg/dL (OR = 1.48; 95%CI 1.08–2.03). Conclusions Among postmenopausal women in the WHI, sleep duration and insomnia were associated with current and future risk of MetS and some of its components.

Published
2022
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139. New Moms Wellness Study: the randomized controlled trial study protocol for an intervention study to increase fruit and vegetable intake and lower breast cancer risk through weekly counseling and supplemental fruit and vegetable box delivery in breastfeeding women

Author

Susan R. Sturgeon, Lindiwe Sibeko, Raji Balasubramanian, and Kathleen F. Arcaro

Subjects
Fruit, Vegetables, Diet, Inflammatory markers, DNA methylation, Breast cancer, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background Laboratory studies indicate that chemicals in fruits and vegetables have anti-carcinogenic and anti-inflammatory activities that can lower breast cancer risk. However, epidemiologic studies of the association between fruit and vegetable intake and breast cancer risk have produced mixed results. Measurement error, confounding, and an emphasis on diet in later adulthood may contribute to weak associations. This paper describes a randomized controlled diet intervention trial in breastfeeding women to examine the effect of high fruit and vegetable intake on breast cancer risk factors, including weight, DNA methylation and inflammatory markers. Methods Eligible breastfeeding women who reside within a 35-mile radius of Amherst, MA are enrolled at five to six weeks postpartum and randomly assigned to a Fruit and Vegetable Intervention Arm (target n = 200) or to a USDA MyPlate Control Arm (target n = 200). The Fruit and Vegetable Intervention group receives weekly telephone or video-based counseling to encourage intake of at least eight to ten daily servings of fruits and vegetables and a weekly delivery of a supplemental box of fruits and vegetables for 20 weeks, and less intensive counseling for up to one year. Breastmilk and infant fecal specimens are collected at baseline, 10 and 20 weeks. Anthropometric measurements are obtained at these timepoints and at the 1-year follow-up. The primary outcomes are change in DNA methylation in breast epithelial cells and change in inflammatory markers in breastmilk from randomization to 20 weeks; and change in weight, waist circumference, and fruit and vegetable intake for the period from randomization to 20 weeks and 1 year. Discussion This 1-year randomized diet intervention trial in breastfeeding women will assess whether intake of at least eight to ten daily servings of fruits and vegetables per day improves biomarkers of breast cancer risk directly in the breast (i.e., DNA methylation and inflammatory markers) and helps women maintain a healthy weight. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04374747. Registered May 5, 2020. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04374747 .

Published
2022
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140. Practical guidance for running late-phase platform protocols for clinical trials: lessons from experienced UK clinical trials units

Author

Sharon B. Love, Fay Cafferty, Claire Snowdon, Karen Carty, Joshua Savage, Philip Pallmann, Lucy McParland, Louise Brown, Lindsey Masters, Francesca Schiavone, Dominic Hague, Stephen Townsend, Claire Amos, Annabelle South, Kate Sturgeon, Ruth Langley, Timothy Maughan, Nicholas James, Emma Hall, Sarah Kernaghan, Judith Bliss, Nick Turner, Andrew Tutt, Christina Yap, Charlotte Firth, Anthony Kong, Hisham Mehanna, Colin Watts, Robert Hills, Ian Thomas, Mhairi Copland, Sue Bell, David Sebag-Montefiore, Robert Jones, Mahesh K. B. Parmar, and Matthew R. Sydes

Subjects
Platform protocols, Trial conduct, Multi-arm multi-stage trials, Umbrella trials, Basket trials, Stratified medicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Background Late-phase platform protocols (including basket, umbrella, multi-arm multi-stage (MAMS), and master protocols) are generally agreed to be more efficient than traditional two-arm clinical trial designs but are not extensively used. We have gathered the experience of running a number of successful platform protocols together to present some operational recommendations. Methods Representatives of six UK clinical trials units with experience in running late-phase platform protocols attended a 1-day meeting structured to discuss various practical aspects of running these trials. We report and give guidance on operational aspects which are either harder to implement compared to a traditional late-phase trial or are specific to platform protocols. Results We present a list of practical recommendations for trialists intending to design and conduct late-phase platform protocols. Our recommendations cover the entire life cycle of a platform trial: from protocol development, obtaining funding, and trial set-up, to a wide range of operational and regulatory aspects such as staffing, oversight, data handling, and data management, to the reporting of results, with a particular focus on communication with trial participants and stakeholders as well as public and patient involvement. Discussion Platform protocols enable many questions to be answered efficiently to the benefit of patients. Our practical lessons from running platform trials will support trial teams in learning how to run these trials more effectively and efficiently.

Published
2022
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146. Outcomes of the Anterior-Based Muscle-Sparing Approach in Elective Total Hip Arthroplasty in Nonagenarians

Author

Thomas M. Zink, MD, George M. Babikian, MD, Johanna M. Mackenzie, MPH, Callahan Sturgeon, BS, Adam J. Rana, MD, and Brian J. McGrory, MD

Subjects
Total hip arthroplasty (THA), Anterior-based muscle-sparing (ABMS) approach, Nonagenarian, Outcomes, ABLE, Orthopedic surgery, RD701-811
Abstract

Background: As the population ages, total hip arthroplasty has become more common in elderly patients including patients over the age of 90 years. Efficacy in this age group has been established, though literature regarding safety of total hip arthroplasty in nonagenarians is mixed. The anterior-based muscle-sparing (ABMS) approach, which exploits the intermuscular plane between the tensor fasciae latae and the gluteus medius, has proposed benefits of fast recovery, excellent stability, and reduced bleeding and may be adventitious among elderly, more fragile patients. Methods: A total of 38 consecutive nonagenarians undergoing elective, primary total hip arthroplasty via the ABMS approach for any indication from 2013 to 2020 were identified, and information regarding operative outcomes and patient-reported outcomes was gathered from review of medical records and our institutional joint replacement outcomes database. Results: Included patients ranged from 90 to 97 years of age with the majority classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists score 2 (50%) or American Society of Anesthesiologists 3 (47.4%). The mean operative time was 74.6 minutes ± 13.6 minutes. Of all patients, 5 required a transfusion, 2 patients were readmitted within 90 days, and there were no major complications. The mean hospital length of stay was 2.8 days ± 0.8 days with 22 patients (57.9%) discharged to a skilled nursing facility. Limited patient-reported outcomes data showed statistically significant improvements in most outcomes scores at 6 months to 1 year postoperatively compared to preoperative scores. Conclusions: The ABMS approach is safe and effective in nonagenarians who may benefit from decreased amounts of bleeding and recovery times associated with the ABMS approach, which is evident from the low complication rates, relatively short hospital lengths of stay, and acceptable transfusion rates compared to previous studies.

Published
2023
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147. Brain effects of gestating germ-free persist in mouse neonates despite acquisition of a microbiota at birth

Author

Alexandra Castillo-Ruiz, Aviva Gars, Hannah Sturgeon, Nicole M. Ronczkowski, Dhanya N. Pyaram, Charlène J. G. Dauriat, Benoit Chassaing, and Nancy G. Forger

Subjects
cross-fostering, cell death, microglia, forebrain size, bacterial load, colonic content, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

At birth, mammals experience a massive colonization by microorganisms. We previously reported that newborn mice gestated and born germ-free (GF) have increased microglial labeling and alterations in developmental neuronal cell death in the hippocampus and hypothalamus, as well as greater forebrain volume and body weight when compared to conventionally colonized (CC) mice. To test whether these effects are solely due to differences in postnatal microbial exposure, or instead may be programmed in utero, we cross-fostered GF newborns immediately after birth to CC dams (GF→CC) and compared them to offspring fostered within the same microbiota status (CC→CC, GF→GF). Because key developmental events (including microglial colonization and neuronal cell death) shape the brain during the first postnatal week, we collected brains on postnatal day (P) 7. To track gut bacterial colonization, colonic content was also collected and subjected to 16S rRNA qPCR and Illumina sequencing. In the brains of GF→GF mice, we replicated most of the effects seen previously in GF mice. Interestingly, the GF brain phenotype persisted in GF→CC offspring for almost all measures. In contrast, total bacterial load did not differ between the CC→CC and GF→CC groups on P7, and bacterial community composition was also very similar, with a few exceptions. Thus, GF→CC offspring had altered brain development during at least the first 7 days after birth despite a largely normal microbiota. This suggests that prenatal influences of gestating in an altered microbial environment programs neonatal brain development.

Published
2023
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