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The video conferencing program of family and consumer sciences (FCS) is into it's fifth year offering 18 programs a year throughout U.S. Along with the interactive video conferencing technology, the students are also encouraged to use computers, video cams, and digital equipments through hands-on learning project.

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Coupled Hartree–Fock calculations of electric and magnetic properties of the isolated closed-shell permanganate anion show it to be paramagnetic, in agreement with experimental measurements on KMnO4. Lattice effects on the computed value are small, but the computed paramagnetizability is highly sensitive to changes in the Mn–O bond length, moving from near perfect agreement with the estimated experimental value of ξ p=75.9 a.u. for the self-consistent-field bond length (R=2.93 a0) to over twice that value at the experimental distance (R=3.078 a0). Analysis of the perturbed wave function leads to a physical rationalization of the anomalous sign of the magnetizability: Ligand-field splitting of the Mn d valence space leads to near-degenerate occupied and virtual orbitals coupled by induced 2-center σπ rotations. The improvements in magnetic properties that would result from use of a valence complete active space wave function are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study and analysis of the patterns of current flow in localized orbitals shows that a magnetic criterion for the physical significance of an orbital is that it should support closed flowlines of current density and the ipsocentric formulation of the theory of current density is extended to provide a visualization of the pattern of current flow in system with several centers of circulation. The number of electrons counted as contributing to the current density is related to the degree of localizability of the electron distribution.

A device for studying the chemical reactivity of condensed phase materials under concentrated solar irradiation has been designed and tested. Heating and cooling rates as well as stagnation temperatures have been calculated and verified experimentally. A key assumption for modelling was that radiation is the prevailing heat transfer mode. Calculated temperatures and those measured by modified pyrometry agree well. The results show that sample temperatures of 2000 K can be reached with heating rates up to 500 [Ks.sup.-1]. Non-forced cooling to ambient occurs with an average rate of about 60 [Ks.sup.-1]. Forced cooling, with calculated rates of 4000 [Ks.sup.-1], can be achieved with the built-in quench device. Reactivity studies have been initiated on iron oxides and manganese oxide, respectively. The results have shown that chemical analysis of the solid residue provides information for typical reaction times in the range of minutes. On-line gas phase analysis by mass spectrometry has been used to monitor reactions with typical reaction times in the range of several seconds. [DOI: 10.1115/1.1351810]