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The work is aimed at the development and experimental testing of the polarization-correlation method for the analysis of the polycrystalline structure of biological layers. introduced a new parameter-complex degree of mutual anisotropy. the statistical (statistical moments of the 1st – 4th orders) structure of the distributions of the values of the cdma module of spatially structured fibrillar networks of histological sections of the myocardium that died due to mechanical asphyxia and heart attack was experimentally studied.

The development of the modern electric power industry is aimed at applying artificial intelligence technologies to manage the smart grid with distributed generation plants and electricity storage units. Part of the smart grid are clusters (microgrids) that combine consumers of electricity, networks, electricity storage units, and distributed generation plants. The paper presents a description of a microgrid model with a built-in forecasting and intelligent load management module for multiple facilities simultaneously, including those with distributed generation. Decisions are made a day in advance, thus shaping the strategy of the generation profile and management of current-using equipment items. The above timing is due to the information available to the intelligent system: a forecast of demand and price of electricity from the centralized electric power system for each hour of the next day. We describe special aspects of switching during peak times to additional power sources along with distribution by microgrids. The forecast is based on two approaches: the method of least squares and machine learning using built-in Python 3 options and external open-source components.

Introduction. The advent of spin oriented electronics, or spintronics, in the late 1980ies has not only revolutionised the very idea of contemporary electronics but has also brought about a major technological breakthrough in the field of information storage and processing. Further progress is associated with the rapidly emerging field of spinorbitronics seeking to put to maximum use the SOC (Spin-Orbit Coupling) related phenomena. Aim. The purpose of this review paper is to outline the major trends in the dynamically developing field of spinorbitronics in the context of evolution of the mainstream spintronics. SOC related effects open up the possibility of creation of a new generation of energy saving devices, a key challenge in electronics in general. Materials and methods. A special effort has been undertaken to make the article appealing to the general reader, especially to specialists in the field of radioelectronics and data processing. To this end, in the description of the complex physics underlying magnetic interactions preference is given to simple term "naive" interpretations. Results. Apart from the analysis of the fundamental features peculiar to the interfaces between ultrathin films of ferromagnetic and heavy metals and related to strong SOC, we discuss specific configurations especially promising for application-oriented research. Among others, these include spin torque microwave (1...50 GHz) oscillators, fast domain walls in racetrack memory and especially magnetic skyrmions. Conclusion. Publication of this paper will facilitate creative interaction between the fundamental and applied research, thus contributing to the development of novel high-performance spintronic devices.

The system of continuous qualification refreshment of the staff worked out in Chelyabinsk Region Vocational Training Organization in order to get rid of professional deficit connected with the readiness to realize the educational process on the basis of distance learning technologies is discussed in the paper. The elements of formal (traditional), non-formal and informal types of continuous refreshment are concretized. The system of regional scientific and practical seminars on corresponding themes, listeners immersion into the informational space of the international conference “Secondary vocational training in informational society”, regional contest “Electronic educational resource for vocational educational organization”, distribution of regional innovative grounds activity results, the work of regional methodical unions condition informal continuous qualification refreshment. Educational and methodical manuals, scientific publications of SBU AVE “Chelyabinsk Institute of Vocational Training Development” that are represented in the system create an educational space for informal continuous qualification refreshment. The efficacy of the given system of continuous qualification refreshment is connected by the authors with the results of the research of educational process organization in vocational training institutions in conditions of self-isolation in spring and summer of 2020.

This paper is concerned with the game theoretic mechanisms of interaction between a load serving entity and several types of power consumers (with elastic and inelastic demand). The main focus is o...

During the competition period highly skilled athletes who specialize in sailing experience fatigue, which manifests itself in the form of coordination disorders in maintaining balance. Therefore, it is important to determine the level and dynamics of the vestibular sense development, provide forecasts and perform the professional selection of athletes into the team. The research on the biomechanical process of maintaining the vertical posture by athletes in this kind of sport and the relevant psychological characteristics is reduced to establishing a qualitative and quantitative relationship between the coordinating properties of an athlete and their main psychological characteristics.

We report the generation of spatial rogue waves in an actively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. We observed that spatial rogue waves can emerge when the laser operates in a low-power regime below the self-focusing limit, while the lasing takes place at a large number of high-order transverse modes. These results suggest that the main mechanism leading to rogue waves generation is the modal overlap while large Kerr nonlinearity in the cavity is not a necessary factor in the process of spatial rogue waves formation. We have also investigated the spatio-temporal and coherence properties of the observed rogue waves.

The generation of spatial rogue waves, or “hot spots,” is demonstrated experimentally in the passively Q -switched Nd:YAG laser system operating in a low-power regime well below the self-focusing limit. Here, we report the dependence of rogue wave statistics on the number of transverse modes that interact in the laser cavity. Our observations show that spatial rogue waves are most likely to occur when the laser exhibits complex output beam configurations that are formed by a large number of interacting high-order transverse modes. These results confirm the hypothesis that one of the main factors affecting the emergence of spatial rogue waves in solid-state lasers is the number of laser transverse modes.

We report on propagating spin-wave spectroscopy measurements carried out on coplanar nano-antenna devices made from a Si/SiO$_2$/Ru(5nm)/Co(20)/Pt(5nm) film. The measurements were analyzed in detail by employing newly developed theoretical modeling and de-embedding procedures. The magnetic parameters of the film were determined by complementary Brillouin light scattering and ferromagnetic resonance measurements. The propagating spin wave signals could be accounted for quantitatively for the range of externally applied magnetic fields investigated in this study: 130-1500 Oe.

Microstrip line ferromagnetic resonance (MS-FMR) and Brillouin light scattering (BLS) in the Damon-Eshbach geometry were used to investigate the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), the damping and the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (iDMI) interaction in ferromagnetic $(\mathrm{FM})/\mathrm{Ta}{\mathrm{O}}_{x}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{based}$ systems as a function of the ferromagnetic ($\mathrm{FM}=\mathrm{Co}$ or ${\mathrm{Co}}_{8}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{72}{\mathrm{B}}_{20}$) and the $\mathrm{Ta}{\mathrm{O}}_{x}$ thicknesses (oxidation level). The analysis of the experimental FMR and BLS data has shown that the effective magnetization, the Gilbert damping parameter \ensuremath{\alpha} and the iDMI are inversely proportional to the CoFeB and the Co films thickness. The BLS investigation of the iDMI variation versus the $\mathrm{Ta}{\mathrm{O}}_{x}$ thickness and oxidation level reveals a contribution of $\mathrm{FM}/\mathrm{Ta}{\mathrm{O}}_{x}$ mediated by the presence of a Rashba field at this interface. Finally, we evidenced a correlation between iDMI and PMA by varying the Cu spacer thickness in the $\mathrm{Pt}/\mathrm{Cu}/\mathrm{Co}/\mathrm{Ta}{\mathrm{O}}_{x}$ system and we showed that both PMA and iDMI are localized at the first atomic monolayers of the Pt/Co interface. The observed non-linear dependence of PMA versus iDMI constant is attributed to similar interface orbital hybridizations involved in both quantities.

Skyrmions are nontrivial spiral spin textures considered as potential building blocks for ultrafast and power efficient spintronic memory and logic devices. Controlling their chirality would provide an additional degree of freedom and enable new functionalities in these devices. Achieving such control requires adjusting the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). Thanks to Brillouin Light scattering measurements in Ta/FeCoB/TaOx trilayer, we have evidenced a DMI sign crossover when tuning TaOx oxidation and suspected another DMI sign crossover when tuning FeCoB thickness. Moreover, using polar magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy, we demonstrate skyrmion chirality inversion through their opposite current induced motion direction either by changing FeCoB thickness or TaOx oxidation rate. This chirality inversion enables a more versatile manipulation of skyrmions, paving the way towards multidirectional devices.

The perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) and the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) are investigated in as grown and 300 °C annealed Co-based ultrathin systems. For this, Co films of various thicknesses (0.8 nm ⩽ t Co ⩽ 5.7 nm) were deposited by magnetron sputtering on thermally oxidized Si substrates using Pt, W, Ir, Ti, Ru and MgO buffer or/and capping layers. X-ray diffraction was used to investigate their structural properties and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) was used to determine the magnetic dead layer thickness and the magnetization at saturation (M s). VSM revealed that the M s for the Pt and the Ir buffered and capped films is the largest. Microstrip line ferromagnetic resonance (MS-FMR), used to extract the gyromagnetic ratio of the thicker Co films, revealed the existence of a second order PMA term, which is thickness dependent. Brillouin light scattering (BLS) in the Damon-Eshbach configuration was used to investigate the thickness dependence of the iDMI effective constant from the spin wave vector dependence of the frequency difference between Stokes and anti-Stokes lines. BLS and MS-FMR techniques were combined to measure the spin wave frequency variation as a function of the in-plane applied magnetic field (where the second order PMA contribution vanishes). The thickness dependence of the effective magnetization was then deduced and used to investigate PMA. For all the systems, PMA results from interface and volume contributions that we determined. The largest interface PMA constants were obtained for Pt- and Ir-based systems due to the electron hybridization of Co with these heavy metals having high spin orbit coupling. Annealing at 300 °C increases both the interface PMA and iDMI for the Pt/Co/MgO most probably due to de-mixing of interpenetrating oxygen atoms from the Co layer and the formation of a sharp Co/O interface.

Tuning the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) using electric (E)-fields in magnetic devices has opened up new perspectives for controlling the stabilization of chiral spin structures. Recent efforts have used voltage-induced charge redistribution at magnetic/oxides interfaces to modulate the DMI. This approach is attractive for active devices but tends to be volatile, making it energy-demanding. Here we demonstrate nonvolatile E-field manipulation of the DMI by ionic-liquid gating of Pt/Co/HfO2 ultra thin films. The E-field effect on the DMI is linked to the migration of oxygen species from the HfO2 layer into the Co and Pt layers and subsequent anchoring. This effect permanently changes the properties of the material, showing that E-fields can be used not only for local gating in devices but also as a material design tool for post growth tuning of the DMI.

The manipulation of magnetization with interfacial modification using various spin-orbit coupling phenomena has been recently revisited due to its scientific and technological potential for next-generation memory devices. Herein, we experimentally and theoretically demonstrate the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction characteristics penetrating through a MgO dielectric layer inserted between the Pt and CoFeSiB. The inserted MgO layer seems to function as a chiral exchange interaction mediator of the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction from the heavy metal atoms to ferromagnet ones. The potential physical mechanism of the anti-symmetric exchange is based on the tunneling-like behavior of conduction electrons through the semi-conductor-like ultrathin MgO. Such behavior can be correlated with the oscillations of the indirect exchange coupling of the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida type. From the theoretical demonstration, we could provide approximate estimation and show qualitative trends peculiar to the system under investigation., The mechanism of the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in heavy metal-ferromagnet heterostructures is debated. Here, the authors show the oscillating behaviour of the interaction as a function of the MgO spacer layer thickness, supporting the interlayer exchange coupling mechanism of the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida type.

We report the results of the experimental investigation of magnonic Bloch modes in the presence of asymmetric dispersion induced by the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction by means of Brillouin light-scattering technique. It was realized in a specially designed ultrathin CoFeB/Pt periodic structure consisting of an array of rectangular nanostrips separated by half-etched grooves. The proposed theory based on the coupled mode approach explains the major features observed experimentally, such as Brillouin zone folding and the asymmetry of the magnonic band-gap points in the reciprocal $k$ space.

В коллективах сотрудников предприятий имеет место интенсивное информационное взаимодействие, в результате которого итоговый уровень поддержки принятия решений может меняться. Разработана структурно-функциональная модель информационного обеспечения процессов минимизации сопротивления персонала организационным изменениям на предприятии. Формализация в рамках информационной модели влияния информационного взаимодействия между членами коллектива на итоговый уровень поддержки принятия решений на предприятиях позволяет наглядно представить процесс оценки и проанализировать влияние различных входных факторов на итоговый уровень поддержки решений в коллективе. Предложенная модель дает возможность в логической, удобной и последовательной форме описать взаимосвязи между функциями управления и ответственными исполнителями, предоставляет информацию о ресурсах, информационных потоках, инструкциях, нормативной информации, комплексе моделей и подходов. Рассмотренное информационное обеспечение процессов минимизации сопротивления персонала организационным изменениям на предприятии в рамках соответствующей IDEF0-модели дает представление о перечне и взаимосвязи информационных потоков, методов, процессов, а также их ответственных исполнителей. Особенностью представленного подхода является возможность его адаптации к специфике конкретного предприятия.Предложенная структурно-функциональная модель в нотации IDEF0 информационного обеспечения процессов минимизации сопротивления персонала организационным изменениям на предприятии позволит обеспечить информационную поддержку принятия решений по управлению организационными изменениями. Преимуществом модели является возможность обобщения информации относительно необходимых мер по обеспечению практической реализации процессов минимизации сопротивления персонала изменениям.Представленный подход создает условия для практического внедрения мер по минимизации сопротивления персонала организационным изменениям в рамках действующей организационной структуры предприятия, что не требует привлечения дополнительных ресурсов. Перспективным направлением исследований является внедрение предложенной информационной модели процессов минимизации сопротивления персонала организационным изменениям в практику функционирования предприятий с целью минимизации организационного сопротивления и достижения целевого уровня поддержки принятия решений на предприятиях.

Irritable bowel syndrome, which is a common functional intestinal disorder, can be attributed to psychosomatic pathology, since it contains all three characteristic features of this group of diseases. The study assessed discrimination in the distribution of alleles and genotypes -1082G/A, 819C/T, -592C/A IL-10 in groups of patients with IBS with various psychopathological disorders. The peculiarities of the distribution of alleles and genotypes formed by the polymorphic site -592C/A IL-10 were identified. For groups of patients with “IBS with anxiety disorders” and “IBS with depressive syndrome”, the frequencies of the rare allele and its heterozygous genotype -592C/A were increased. According to the criterion of the odds ratio, prognostic significance was an increase in the carrier frequency only in the group of patients “IBS with anxiety disorders” (OR = 3.9, 95% CI 1.3-12.5). It has been established that the polymorphism -592C/A of the IL-10 gene was associated with the variant “IBS with anxiety disorders”.