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In this study, an attempt was made to examine the variables affecting farmers' satisfaction with bio fungicide use, the variables affecting their buying behaviour for the product and constraints faced by the farmers in usage of bio-fungicides. A total of 100 farmers were selected on the basis of snowball sampling. RBQ mean was calculated to find out the most influencing factors for purchasing of bio fungicide by the farmers. Garrett's standard procedure was adopted to determine the significance of a number of different factors as expressed by respondents in the use of bio-fungicides. It was found that the retailers influence, quality, price of positives and the opinion leaders with implant agency were the important factors that affect the purchasing decision of farmers. Further, a substantial percentage of farmers in the research area were quite satisfied with the bio-fungicide's efficacy, followed by its relative quality and history of widespread usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extensive consumption of fossil fuel has contributed to the worldwide decline of its reserves and detrimental effect on the environment. Therefore, it is essential to explore alternative option of fuel for diesel engine. The main objective of this research article is to optimize vibrations in a single-cylinder variable compression ratio diesel engine driven by Jatropha biodiesel blend. The heterogeneous catalyst (calcium oxide) is used to manufacture of biodiesel from Jatropha curcas oil by a process of transesterification. The optimization technique (Response Surface Methodology) has been employed to optimize root mean square acceleration of vibration by taking load, compression ratio (CR), and fuel injection pressure (FIP) as engine input parameters. Experiments were designed according to central composite design. The amplitude of the frequency domain signals is determined using Fast Fourier Transform and the influence of input parameters has been investigated in the frequency domain analysis of the vibration signatures. The adequacy and significance of the models have been checked by p-value and F value tests. Regression coefficients Adj. R2, R2, Pred. R2 were also found in acceptable range. The experimental outcome reveals that biodiesel yield of 81.6% was obtained at methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 12:1, reaction temperature of 65°C, reaction time of 3 h, and catalyst concentration of 5 wt%. Simultaneously, the model obtained a series of solutions based on the desirability criteria and proposed optimum setting of engine input parameters at a load of 2.59 kg, 17.94 CR, and 268.76 bar FIP for B30 blend. B30 blend generated root mean square acceleration of 4.46 m/s2 at above optimized conditions. A validation trial was conducted and the percentage of error for root mean square acceleration was found to be 2.3356% and 1.3039%, respectively, for B0 and B30 blend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ovarian tumors are a common form of neoplasia in women and it accounts for about 30% of female genital cancers. A coexistence of ovarian tumors with the same histogenetic origin such as germ cell or epithelial or sex cord stromal, but different histologic subtype is relatively common, whereas a synchronous occurrence of tumors with different histogenetic origin is rare. We report a case of 58-year-old woman with the synchronous presentation of adult granulosa cell tumor with fibroma (ovarian tumors with the same origin (sex cord stromal) but different histologic type) in one ovary and Brenner tumor (epithelial origin) in other ovary. Our patient presented with postmenopausal bleeding and was diagnosed with this rare combination of ovarian tumors on histopathology supplemented with immunohistochemistry. On extensive literary search, there is only a single report of mixed ovarian tumor composed of Brenner tumor and adult-type granulosa cell tumor. Our case is different from the above-mentioned report as although, in our patient both tumors coexisted, but in contralateral ovaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bone tumours remain a daunting challenge to orthopaedic surgeons. The challenge is heightened in developing countries due to limited diagnostic and therapeutic facilities as well as due to ignorance. Material and Methods: Present study was conducted in the department of Pathology, G.S.V.M. MEDICAL COLLEGE, KANPUR. Specimens were received from L.L.R.Hospital, J.K. Cancer Institute and associated hospitals and other private hospitals of Kanpur and nearby areas. Aim: To study the extent of involvement and correlation of histopathological findings with clinicoradiological features of tumours and tumour like lesions of bone. Results: Most common radiological finding was lytic with less sharp lesion (36.5%) followed by lytic with well defined lesion (18.9%). Most common sites of tumour were around knee joint. Out of 74 cases, 60 cases showed positive correlation between histopathological and clinicoradiological diagnosis. Among benign tumours, Giant cell tumour was most common and among primary malignant tumours, chondrosarcoma was most common. Conclusion: Histopathological study enables us to understand the spectrum of bone lesions and gives an idea of different bone tumours and tumour-like lesions in population among different age group and sex. Having a representative biopsy needs to be emphasized, as the tumours of bone have varied histological features in the same lesion, hence biopsy diagnosis may be misleading in few instances. Special stains and immunohistochemistry are helpful only in small round cell tumours and ancillary techniques like karyotyping are helpful in further categorising them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cover image is based on the Research Article Static and fatigue performance of graphene nanoplatelets coated bi‐directional carbon fiber‐epoxy composites under bending loads by Alok Kumar Srivastava et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/app.55830.By Alok Kumar Srivastava; Chandra S. Yerramalli and Aparna SinghReported by Author; Author; Author [Extracted from the article]

Antimicrobial drugs have played an indispensable role in decreasing illness and death associated with infectious diseases in animals and humans. However, selective pressure exerted by antimicrobial drug use also has [...]

Typical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains express an established virulence factor belonging to the type IV pill family, called the bundle-forming pilus (BFP). BFP are present on the cell surface as bundled filamentous appendages, and are assembled and retracted by proteins encoded by the bfp operon. These proteins assemble to form a molecular machine. The BFP machine may be conceptually divided into three components: the cytoplasmic membrane (CM) subassembly, which is composed of CM proteins and cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding proteins; the outer membrane (OM) subassembly and the pilus itself. The authors have previously characterized the CM subassembly and the pilus. In this study, a more complete characterization of the OM subassembly was carried out using a combination of biochemical, biophysical and genetic approaches. It is reported that targeting of BfpG to the OM was influenced by the secretin BfpB. BfpG and BfpU interacted with the amino terminus of BfpB. BfpU had a complex cellular distribution pattern and, along with BfpB and BfpG, was part of the OM subassembly.