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El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo proponer, describir y explicar dos conceptos teóricos que consideramos útiles para el desarrollo de una semiótica cognitiva objetual. Los conceptos propuestos son ‘tipo cognitivo’ y ‘aspecto’

The ichnospecies Paradictyodora flabelliformis (D¡¦Alessandro & Fürsich) is reported for the first time from the Pliocene ¡§Argille Azzurre Formation¡¨ of Northern Italy. The horizon has an older age and is deeper than the shallow-water protected shoreface environment where the type specimens have been found. A narrow tubular structure exceptionally preserved on the specimen studied possibly supports the tellinid bivalve model instead of the Arenicola model for the origin of the trace fossil.

Brain metastasis is the most common associated consequence of primary lung cancers, and it has a major detrimental influence on patients' survival and quality of life. Modern imaging modalities such as brain MRIs and PET scans are preferred for assessing these lesions. Complete surgical resections have been shown to enhance survival. We present the case of a 59-year-old male patient who had a history of progressive left-sided weakness and right-sided headaches with no respiratory symptoms. A solitary brain lesion was noticed, prompting a surgical resection. Histology findings confirmed brain metastases, and a thoracic CT scan revealed a primary lung tumour. The patient was scheduled for chemotherapy. Primary lung tumors often disseminate to the brain. The brain metastatic lesions in advanced lung cancer are often numerous and smaller in size, based on MRI imaging. The patient's symptomatology obscured the existence of an underlying lung tumour, delaying focused therapy. The early symptomatology and scans of our patient indicated the probability of a solitary brain tumour, necessitating a surgical excision. Prompt management of brain metastatic lesions is crucial. Yet, some patients emerge with atypical characteristics of the lesions that hint to a primary brain lesion and conceal the presence of a lung tumour. Enhancing these patients' prognoses necessitates a targeted therapy that includes a comprehensive examination, radiological imaging, and recognition of the distinctive brain patterns in patients with lung cancer. The merits of complete or incomplete resections for multiple brain metastatic lesions might be a fascinating subject of discussion. • Brain metastasis is the most common associated consequence of primary lung cancers. With varieties of stipulated modes of therapies. • Nonetheless, some patients may present with neurological deficits and atypical characteristics of the lesions from imaging studies that hint to a primary brain lesion and conceal the presence of a lung tumour. • Enhancing these patients' prognoses necessitates a targeted therapy that includes a comprehensive medical examination, radiological imaging, and recognition of the distinctive brain patterns in patients with lung cancer. • The dilemma is whether such patients with brain metastases from advanced lung cancer should receive aggressive therapy or palliative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To describe the currently accepted standard-of-care practice for surgical and medical management of newly diagnosed high-grade glioma. DATA SOURCES: Peer-reviewed journals, nationally accepted guidelines, and personal experience of the authors. CONCLUSION: There is a widely accepted standard-of-care treatment protocol for patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma that includes maximal safe resection followed by radiation therapy with concurrent and adjuvant temozolomide. The regimen is well-tolerated and side effects are manageable. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nurses who are involved in the care of patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma should be familiar with the regimen and its side effects to provide crucial patient and caregiver education in an accurate and beneficial manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Giovanni Pico della Mirandola and Angelo Poliziano were two of the most important humanists of the Italian Renaissance. They died suddenly in 1494 and their deaths have been for centuries a subject of debate. The exhumation of their remains offered the opportunity to study the cause of their death through a multidisciplinary research project. Anthropological analyses, together with documentary evidences, radiocarbon dating and ancient DNA analysis supported the identification of the remains attributed to Pico. Macroscopic examination did not reveal paleopathological lesions or signs related to syphilis. Heavy metals analysis, carried out on bones and mummified tissues, showed that in Pico's remains there were potentially lethal levels of arsenic, supporting the philosopher's poisoning theory reported by documentary sources. The arsenic concentrations obtained from analysis of Poliziano's remains, are probably more related to an As chronic exposure or diagenetic processes rather than poisoning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Mushroom powders from white button, shiitake, and porcini mushrooms were used to replace high‐grade wheat flour at levels of 5%, 10%, and 15% in dough and bread manufacture for nutritional enhancement. Dough quality, including rheology properties, stickiness, adhesion, extension, and moisture content, was analyzed. Bread quality, including height, specific volume, moisture content, hardness, springiness, gumminess, and bubbles, was determined. Findings: Mushroom powder‐substituted dough showed significantly less stability, higher water absorption capacity, less peak energy, and less extensibility than the control dough. The bread with mushroom powder were smaller in specific loaf volume (except for the 5% porcini mushroom), exhibited reduced springiness, and reduced height (except for the 5% porcini mushroom) compared to the control samples. Moreover, the addition of mushroom powder altered the porosity properties of the bread. Conclusions: Mushroom‐supplemented bread have a place in the market as a functional, novel bread product, by delivering more dietary fiber, high‐quality protein, and other bioactive components to consumers. Further research on the nutritional properties of these final bread products should be carried out in the future. Significance and novelty: White button, shiitake, and porcini mushrooms were incorporated into wheat bread to evaluate their effects on the dough quality and the physical‐textural properties of final bread products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wheat bran is a low-cost by-product abundantly produced by the wheat flour industry. As a staple food of China, Chinese steamed bread (CSB) represents about 40% of China's wheat consumption. This study investigated the effects of incorporating wheat bran into the CSB at different levels (5, 10, and 15%). The dough behavior was measured by analyzing rheological properties. Quality of CSB was analyzed from two perspectives: physical properties and nutritional quality. For physical properties, specific volume, loaf height, moisture, and texture were measured by AACC International Approved Methods. The predicted glycemic response of the bread was analyzed by using an in vitro digestion method. The results illustrated that the incorporation of wheat bran into wheat flour reduced the extensibility of the dough, decreased specific volume, and increased bread hardness, gumminess, and chewiness. However, this study also showed that addition of wheat bran can decrease the predicted glycemic response of steamed bread by up to 39%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last few years, massively parallel sequencing (MPS) techniques have improved greatly in the field of forensic genetics, providing several advantages over the traditionally capillary electrophoresis (CE) system in terms of resolution, scalability, and throughput [ 1 , 2 ]. Nevertheless, before implementing MPS into routine forensic applications, both workflow and output results must be rigorously validated with respect to robustness, performance and compatibility to CE-based data [ 3 ]. We present the validation study of MPS technology for short tandem repeat (STR) genotyping using Precision ID GlobalFiler™ NGS STR Panel v2 on the Ion S5™ platform (both Thermo Fisher Scientific), that include experiments to assess concordance, sensitivity, reliability and mixture analysis. MPS allowed to generate a concordant result with those by CE system, demonstrating the reliability of both methods. Sensitivity study revealed that single source full-profile could be obtained using a significantly less amount of DNA compared to the quantity recommended in the protocol. In addition, STR genotypes obtained were reproducible and consistent among multiple typing replicates. Partial STR genotypes of minor contribute could be detected up to a 1:80 mixture. However, analysis of MPS-based STR revealed more noise artefacts (e.g. stutter artefacts) respect to CE, that were not independently filtered by Converge™ software NGS Analysis Module supported by Life Technologies platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Age prediction helps investigation to narrowing down the number of potential suspects and give more reliable predicted appearance. However, since it is not known if some of the widely used methylation markers (ELOVL2, C1orf132, TRIM59, KLF14 and FHL2) are applicable as age predictors in the Italian population, in this study we collected and analyzed a set of saliva samples from 96 Italian individuals aged 19–67 years. All DNA samples were quantified, bisulfite-converted, amplified with monoplex and analyzed using PyroMark Q48 Autoprep (Qiagen). The age prediction was performed according to reference (Zbieć-Piekarska et al. [1]). Preliminary results shown a linear correlation between the methylation markers studied and age in the Italian samples, with a Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) of 0.75 and the value of median absolute deviation (MAD) of 5.4. The MAD value observed with group 1 (age 20 s or less) was 2.8, with group 2 (30 s) was 4.5, with group 3 (40 s) was 4.7 and with group 4 (50 s or more) was 5.4. If we take the assumption that age prediction is correct when predicted age is in the range of max ±5 years of the actual age, the number of correct prediction decrease with increasing of the age group. Moreover, in contrast of what expected, our data set has shown a bias in the underestimating of predicted age at the increasing of chronological age (20% group 1, 60% group 2, 79% group 3 and 88% group 4). This experiment suggest to increase the number of different population sampled since DNA methylation could be affected by genetic variation, environmental and lifestyle variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]