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101. X-ray laser spectroscopy with an electron beam ion trap at the free electron laser LCLS

Author

Bernitt, S, primary, Brown, G V, additional, López-Urrutia, J R Crespo, additional, Rudolph, J, additional, Steinbrügge, R, additional, Graf, A, additional, Leutenegger, M, additional, Beilmann, C, additional, Eberle, S, additional, Epp, S W, additional, Kubicek, K, additional, Mäckel, V, additional, Schippers, S, additional, Schlotter, W, additional, Simon, M C., additional, Träbert, E, additional, Turner, J, additional, Kahn, S M., additional, Magee, E W., additional, Müller, A, additional, Porter, F S., additional, Rasmussen, A, additional, Beiersdorfer, P, additional, and Ullrich, J, additional

Published
2012
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102. Evolution of three-dimensional correlations during the photoinduced melting of antiferromagnetic order in La0.5Sr1.5MnO4

Author

Tobey, R. I., primary, Wall, S., additional, Först, M., additional, Bromberger, H., additional, Khanna, V., additional, Turner, J. J., additional, Schlotter, W., additional, Trigo, M., additional, Krupin, O., additional, Lee, W. S., additional, Chuang, Y.-D., additional, Moore, R., additional, Cavalieri, A. L., additional, Wilkins, S. B., additional, Zheng, H., additional, Mitchell, J. F., additional, Dhesi, S. S., additional, Cavalleri, A., additional, and Hill, J. P., additional

Published
2012
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103. Direct Measurements of the Ionization Potential Depression in a Dense Plasma

Author

Ciricosta, O., primary, Vinko, S. M., additional, Chung, H.-K., additional, Cho, B.-I., additional, Brown, C. R. D., additional, Burian, T., additional, Chalupský, J., additional, Engelhorn, K., additional, Falcone, R. W., additional, Graves, C., additional, Hájková, V., additional, Higginbotham, A., additional, Juha, L., additional, Krzywinski, J., additional, Lee, H. J., additional, Messerschmidt, M., additional, Murphy, C. D., additional, Ping, Y., additional, Rackstraw, D. S., additional, Scherz, A., additional, Schlotter, W., additional, Toleikis, S., additional, Turner, J. J., additional, Vysin, L., additional, Wang, T., additional, Wu, B., additional, Zastrau, U., additional, Zhu, D., additional, Lee, R. W., additional, Heimann, P., additional, Nagler, B., additional, and Wark, J. S., additional

Published
2012
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104. Temporal cross-correlation of x-ray free electron and optical lasers using soft x-ray pulse induced transient reflectivity

Author

Krupin, O., primary, Trigo, M., additional, Schlotter, W. F., additional, Beye, M., additional, Sorgenfrei, F., additional, Turner, J. J., additional, Reis, D. A., additional, Gerken, N., additional, Lee, S., additional, Lee, W. S., additional, Hays, G., additional, Acremann, Y., additional, Abbey, B., additional, Coffee, R., additional, Messerschmidt, M., additional, Hau-Riege, S. P., additional, Lapertot, G., additional, Lüning, J., additional, Heimann, P., additional, Soufli, R., additional, Fernández-Perea, M., additional, Rowen, M., additional, Holmes, M., additional, Molodtsov, S. L., additional, Föhlisch, A., additional, and Wurth, W., additional

Published
2012
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105. The soft x-ray instrument for materials studies at the linac coherent light source x-ray free-electron laser

Author

Schlotter, W. F., primary, Turner, J. J., additional, Rowen, M., additional, Heimann, P., additional, Holmes, M., additional, Krupin, O., additional, Messerschmidt, M., additional, Moeller, S., additional, Krzywinski, J., additional, Soufli, R., additional, Fernández-Perea, M., additional, Kelez, N., additional, Lee, S., additional, Coffee, R., additional, Hays, G., additional, Beye, M., additional, Gerken, N., additional, Sorgenfrei, F., additional, Hau-Riege, S., additional, Juha, L., additional, Chalupsky, J., additional, Hajkova, V., additional, Mancuso, A. P., additional, Singer, A., additional, Yefanov, O., additional, Vartanyants, I. A., additional, Cadenazzi, G., additional, Abbey, B., additional, Nugent, K. A., additional, Sinn, H., additional, Lüning, J., additional, Schaffert, S., additional, Eisebitt, S., additional, Lee, W.-S., additional, Scherz, A., additional, Nilsson, A. R., additional, and Wurth, W., additional

Published
2012
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106. X-ray–optical cross-correlator for gas-phase experiments at the Linac Coherent Light Source free-electron laser

Author

Schorb, S., primary, Gorkhover, T., additional, Cryan, J. P., additional, Glownia, J. M., additional, Bionta, M. R., additional, Coffee, R. N., additional, Erk, B., additional, Boll, R., additional, Schmidt, C., additional, Rolles, D., additional, Rudenko, A., additional, Rouzee, A., additional, Swiggers, M., additional, Carron, S., additional, Castagna, J.-C., additional, Bozek, J. D., additional, Messerschmidt, M., additional, Schlotter, W. F., additional, and Bostedt, C., additional

Published
2012
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107. X-ray pulse preserving single-shot optical cross-correlation method for improved experimental temporal resolution

Author

Beye, M., primary, Krupin, O., additional, Hays, G., additional, Reid, A. H., additional, Rupp, D., additional, Jong, S. de, additional, Lee, S., additional, Lee, W.-S., additional, Chuang, Y.-D., additional, Coffee, R., additional, Cryan, J. P., additional, Glownia, J. M., additional, Föhlisch, A., additional, Holmes, M. R., additional, Fry, A. R., additional, White, W. E., additional, Bostedt, C., additional, Scherz, A. O., additional, Durr, H. A., additional, and Schlotter, W. F., additional

Published
2012
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108. Femtosecond Dynamics of the Collinear-to-Spiral Antiferromagnetic Phase Transition in CuO

Author

Johnson, S. L., primary, de Souza, R. A., additional, Staub, U., additional, Beaud, P., additional, Möhr-Vorobeva, E., additional, Ingold, G., additional, Caviezel, A., additional, Scagnoli, V., additional, Schlotter, W. F., additional, Turner, J. J., additional, Krupin, O., additional, Lee, W.-S., additional, Chuang, Y.-D., additional, Patthey, L., additional, Moore, R. G., additional, Lu, D., additional, Yi, M., additional, Kirchmann, P. S., additional, Trigo, M., additional, Denes, P., additional, Doering, D., additional, Hussain, Z., additional, Shen, Z.-X., additional, Prabhakaran, D., additional, and Boothroyd, A. T., additional

Published
2012
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109. Driving magnetic order in a manganite by ultrafast lattice excitation

Author

Först, M., primary, Tobey, R. I., additional, Wall, S., additional, Bromberger, H., additional, Khanna, V., additional, Cavalieri, A. L., additional, Chuang, Y.-D., additional, Lee, W. S., additional, Moore, R., additional, Schlotter, W. F., additional, Turner, J. J., additional, Krupin, O., additional, Trigo, M., additional, Zheng, H., additional, Mitchell, J. F., additional, Dhesi, S. S., additional, Hill, J. P., additional, and Cavalleri, A., additional

Published
2011
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110. Coherence Properties of Individual Femtosecond Pulses of an X-Ray Free-Electron Laser

Author

Vartanyants, I. A., primary, Singer, A., additional, Mancuso, A. P., additional, Yefanov, O. M., additional, Sakdinawat, A., additional, Liu, Y., additional, Bang, E., additional, Williams, G. J., additional, Cadenazzi, G., additional, Abbey, B., additional, Sinn, H., additional, Attwood, D., additional, Nugent, K. A., additional, Weckert, E., additional, Wang, T., additional, Zhu, D., additional, Wu, B., additional, Graves, C., additional, Scherz, A., additional, Turner, J. J., additional, Schlotter, W. F., additional, Messerschmidt, M., additional, Lüning, J., additional, Acremann, Y., additional, Heimann, P., additional, Mancini, D. C., additional, Joshi, V., additional, Krzywinski, J., additional, Soufli, R., additional, Fernandez-Perea, M., additional, Hau-Riege, S., additional, Peele, A. G., additional, Feng, Y., additional, Krupin, O., additional, Moeller, S., additional, and Wurth, W., additional

Published
2011
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111. X-ray laser-induced ablation of lead compounds

Author

Hájková, V., primary, Juha, L., additional, Boháček, P., additional, Burian, T., additional, Chalupský, J., additional, Vyšín, L., additional, Gaudin, J., additional, Heimann, P. A., additional, Hau-Riege, S. P., additional, Jurek, M., additional, Klinger, D., additional, Pelka, J., additional, Sobierajski, R., additional, Krzywinski, J., additional, Messerschmidt, M., additional, Moeller, S. P., additional, Nagler, B., additional, Rowen, M., additional, Schlotter, W. F., additional, Swiggers, M. L., additional, Turner, J. J., additional, Vinko, S. M., additional, Whitcher, T., additional, Wark, J., additional, Matuchová, M., additional, Bajt, S., additional, Chapman, H., additional, Dzelzainis, T., additional, Riley, D., additional, Andreasson, J., additional, Hajdu, J., additional, Iwan, B., additional, Timneanu, N., additional, Saksl, K., additional, Fäustlin, R., additional, Singer, A., additional, Tiedtke, K., additional, Toleikis, S., additional, Vartaniants, I., additional, and Wabnitz, H., additional

Published
2011
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112. Time-resolved resonant soft x-ray diffraction with free-electron lasers: Femtosecond dynamics across the Verwey transition in magnetite

Author

Pontius, N., primary, Kachel, T., additional, Schüßler-Langeheine, C., additional, Schlotter, W. F., additional, Beye, M., additional, Sorgenfrei, F., additional, Chang, C. F., additional, Föhlisch, A., additional, Wurth, W., additional, Metcalf, P., additional, Leonov, I., additional, Yaresko, A., additional, Stojanovic, N., additional, Berglund, M., additional, Guerassimova, N., additional, Düsterer, S., additional, Redlin, H., additional, and Dürr, H. A., additional

Published
2011
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115. Rückfallraten innerhalb von 6 Monaten nach erfolgreicher EKT: Eine naturalistische prospektive Fremd- und Selbstbeurteilungsanalyse

Author

Rehor, G., primary, Conca, A., additional, Schlotter, W., additional, Vonthein, R., additional, Bork, S., additional, Bode, R., additional, Hüll, M., additional, Plewnia, C., additional, Pauli, J. Di, additional, Prapotnik, M., additional, Peters, O., additional, Peters, J., additional, and Eschweiler, G.W., additional

Published
2010
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117. Microscopic reversal behavior of magnetically capped nanospheres

Author

Günther, C. M., primary, Hellwig, O., additional, Menzel, A., additional, Pfau, B., additional, Radu, F., additional, Makarov, D., additional, Albrecht, M., additional, Goncharov, A., additional, Schrefl, T., additional, Schlotter, W. F., additional, Rick, R., additional, Lüning, J., additional, and Eisebitt, S., additional

Published
2010
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129. Orbital-specific mapping of the ligand exchange dynamics of Fe(CO)5 in solution.

Author

Wernet, Ph., Kunnus, K., Josefsson, I., Rajkovic, I., Quevedo, W., Beye, M., Schreck, S., Grübel, S., Scholz, M., Nordlund, D., Zhang, W., Hartsock, R. W., Schlotter, W. F., Turner, J. J., Kennedy, B., Hennies, F., de Groot, F. M. F., Gaffney, K. J., Techert, S., and Odelius, M.

Subjects
LIGAND exchange reactions, ORBITAL mechanics, TRANSITION metals, SOLAR energy conversion, CARBON-hydrogen bonds
Abstract

Transition-metal complexes have long attracted interest for fundamental chemical reactivity studies and possible use in solar energy conversion. Electronic excitation, ligand loss from the metal centre, or a combination of both, creates changes in charge and spin density at the metal site that need to be controlled to optimize complexes for photocatalytic hydrogen production and selective carbon-hydrogen bond activation. An understanding at the molecular level of how transition-metal complexes catalyse reactions, and in particular of the role of the short-lived and reactive intermediate states involved, will be critical for such optimization. However, suitable methods for detailed characterization of electronic excited states have been lacking. Here we show, with the use of X-ray laser-based femtosecond-resolution spectroscopy and advanced quantum chemical theory to probe the reaction dynamics of the benchmark transition-metal complex Fe(CO)5 in solution, that the photo-induced removal of CO generates the 16-electron Fe(CO)4 species, a homogeneous catalyst with an electron deficiency at the Fe centre, in a hitherto unreported excited singlet state that either converts to the triplet ground state or combines with a CO or solvent molecule to regenerate a penta-coordinated Fe species on a sub-picosecond timescale. This finding, which resolves the debate about the relative importance of different spin channels in the photochemistry of Fe(CO)5 (refs 4, 16,17,18,19 and 20), was made possible by the ability of femtosecond X-ray spectroscopy to probe frontier-orbital interactions with atom specificity. We expect the method to be broadly applicable in the chemical sciences, and to complement approaches that probe structural dynamics in ultrafast processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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138. Measuring 3D magnetic correlations during the photo-induced melting of electronic order in La0.5Sr1.5MnO4.

Author

Tobey, R. I., Wall, S., Först, M., Bromberger, H., Khanna, V., Turner, J. J., Schlotter, W., Trigo, M., Krupin, O., Lee, W. S., Chuang, Y. -D., Moore, R., Cavalieri, A. L., Wilkins, S. B., Zeng, H., Mitchell, J. F., Dhesi, S. S., Cavalleri, A., and Hill, J. P.

Subjects
STATISTICAL correlation, ANTIFERROMAGNETIC materials, TIME-resolved measurements, X-ray diffraction, SCATTERING (Physics)
Abstract

Time-resolved x-ray diffraction measures the dynamics of antiferromagnetic correlations by reconstructing the reciprocal-space scattering volume for the magnetic Bragg peak. Modifications in the scattering line shape along the three principal reciprocal lattice directions are measured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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139. [Relapse rate within 6 months after successful ECT: a naturalistic prospective peer- and self-assessment analysis]

Author

Rehor G, Conca A, Schlotter W, Vonthein R, Bork S, Bode R, Hüll M, Christian Plewnia, Di Pauli J, Prapotnik M, Peters O, Peters J, and Gw, Eschweiler

Subjects
Adult, Male, Depressive Disorder, Major, Middle Aged, Combined Modality Therapy, Patient Readmission, Antidepressive Agents, Double-Blind Method, Lithium Carbonate, Patient Satisfaction, Recurrence, Retreatment, Humans, Female, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Up to 100% relapse rate after successful electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) poses a challenge for patients and psychiatrists. The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcome of patients affected by major depression after the successful course of acute ECT.84 patients recruited in a randomized double blind multicenter study designed to investigate the optimal stimulation placement in acute ECT had a follow up under naturalistic conditions between the 5th and 7th month. Outcome, maintenance therapy and patients; attitude were evaluated with semi structured questionnaires by patients and the study raters.82.14% (68/84) questionnaires of the patients and 83.3% (70/84) of the rater were returned. 98% of the patients had at least one antidepressant; only in 23% (20/68) lithium was prescribed. 35% (7/20) of the patients with lithium and 57% (16/28) without lithium had a relapse within the first 6 months (OR 0.6) in a median of 2.5 months. Only one institution offered maintenance ECT in 8.3% (7/84) patients. For 52.2% of the patients ECT was a helpful treatment an 49.3% would recommend the therapy to their relatives. The vast majority (59.4%) wishes a better information about the ECT and 21.4% feel frightening about the therapy.The results show a high relapse rate and highlight the meaning of maintenance medication especially for a lithium combination therapy, as stated before. In regard to the subjective sensation the patients claim a better education about the ECT and anyway one of four patients feel frightening about the therapy.

140. A demonstration of multi-bunch operation in the LCLS

Author

Decker, F. -J, Akre, R., Brachmann, A., Ding, Y., Dowell, D., Emma, P. J., Fisher, A., Frisch, J., Gilevich, S., Hering, Ph, Huang, Z., Iverson, R., Henrik Loos, Messerschmidt, M., Nuhn, H. -D, Ratner, D., Schlotter, W. F., Smith, T., Turner, J. L., Welch, J., White, W., and Wu, J.

141. Comparative damage studies in multilayer optics induced by intense short-wavelength pulses from FLSH and LCLS

Author

Loch, R. A., Sobierajski, R., Bostedt, C., Bruijn, S., Burian, T., Chalupsky, J., Feng, Y. C., Gaudin, J., Graf, A., Hattum, E. D., Hau-Riege, S., Juha, L., Khorsand, A. R., Klinger, D., Robbert van de Kruijs, Krzywinski, J., London, R., Eric Louis, Messerschmidt, M., Moeller, S., Schlotter, W., Tiedtke, K., Frederik Bijkerk, and Laser Physics & Nonlinear Optics

Subjects
METIS-277884

142. Femtosecond time-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies of charge transfer in dye-sensitized semiconductor nanocrystals

Author

Shavorskiy, A., Amy Cordones, Vura-Weis, J., Siefermann, K., Slaughter, D., Sturm, F., Weise, F., Bluhm, H., Strader, M., Cho, H., Lin, M. -F, Bacellar, C., Khurmi, C., Hertlein, M., Guo, J., Tyliszczak, T., Prendergast, D., Pemmaraju, D., Coslovich, G., Robinson, J., Kaindl, R. A., Schoenlein, R. W., Belkacem, A., Weber, T., Neumark, D. M., Leone, S. R., Nordlund, D., Ogasawara, H., Nilsson, A. R., Krupin, O., Turner, J. J., Schlotter, W. F., Holmes, M. R., Heimann, P. A., Messerschmidt, M., Minitti, M. P., Beye, M., Gul, S., Zhang, J. Z., Huse, N., and Gessner, O.

143. Magnetic order dynamics in optically excited multiferroic TbMnO3

Author

Johnson, J. A., Kubacka, T., Hoffmann, M. C., Vicario, C., De Jong, S., Beaud, P., Gruebel, S., Huang, S. -W., Huber, L., Windsor, Y. W., Bothschafter, E. M., Rettig, L., Ramakrishnan, M., Alberca, A., Patthey, L., Chuang, Y. -D., Turner, J. J., Dakovski, G. L., Lee, W. -S., Minitti, M. P., Schlotter, W., Moore, R. G., Hauri, C. P., Koohpayeh, S. M., Scagnoli, V., Ingold, G., Johnson, S. L., and Staub, U.

Subjects
Condensed Matter::Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

We performed ultrafast time-resolved near-infrared pump, resonant soft x-ray diffraction probe measurements to investigate the coupling between the photoexcited electronic system and the spin cycloid magnetic order in multiferroic TbMnO3 at low temperatures. We observe melting of the long range antiferromagnetic order at low excitation fluences with a decay time constant of 22.3 +/- 1.1 ps, which is much slower than the similar to 1 ps melting times previously observed in other systems. To explain the data, we propose a simple model of the melting process where the pump laser pulse directly excites the electronic system, which then leads to an increase in the effective temperature of the spin system via a slower relaxation mechanism. Despite this apparent increase in the effective spin temperature, we do not observe changes in the wave vector q of the antiferromagnetic spin order that would typically correlate with an increase in temperature under equilibrium conditions. We suggest that this behavior results from the extremely low magnon group velocity that hinders a change in the spin-spiral wave vector on these time scales.

144. Probing the interplay between lattice dynamics and short-range magnetic correlations in CuGeO3 with femtosecond RIXS

Author

Paris, E., Nicholson, Christopher W., Johnston, S., Tseng, Y., Rumo, Maxime, Coslovich, G., Zohar, S., Lin, M. F., Strocov, V. N., Saint-Martin, R., Revcolevschi, A., Kemper, A., Schlotter, W., Dakovski, G. L., Monney, Claude, Schmitt, T., Paris, E., Nicholson, Christopher W., Johnston, S., Tseng, Y., Rumo, Maxime, Coslovich, G., Zohar, S., Lin, M. F., Strocov, V. N., Saint-Martin, R., Revcolevschi, A., Kemper, A., Schlotter, W., Dakovski, G. L., Monney, Claude, and Schmitt, T.

Abstract

Investigations of magnetically ordered phases on the femtosecond timescale have provided significant insights into the influence of charge and lattice degrees of freedom on the magnetic sub-system. However, short-range magnetic correlations occurring in the absence of long-range order, for example in spin-frustrated systems, are inaccessible to many ultrafast techniques. Here, we show how time-resolved resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (trRIXS) is capable of probing such short-ranged magnetic dynamics in a charge-transfer insulator through the detection of a Zhang-- Rice singlet exciton. Utilizing trRIXS measurements at the O K-edge, and in combination with model calculations, we probe the short-range spin correlations in the frustrated spin chain material CuGeO3 following photo-excitation, revealing a strong coupling between the local lattice and spin sub-systems.

149. The fluctuation–dissipation measurement instrument at the Linac Coherent Light Source.

Author

Assefa, T. A., Seaberg, M. H., Reid, A. H., Shen, L., Esposito, V., Dakovski, G. L., Schlotter, W., Holladay, B., Streubel, R., Montoya, S. A., Hart, P., Nakahara, K., Moeller, S., Kevan, S. D., Fischer, P., Fullerton, E. E., Colocho, W., Lutman, A., Decker, F.-J., and Sinha, S. K.

Subjects
*COHERENCE (Optics), *LIGHT sources, *FREE electron lasers, *LINEAR accelerators
Abstract

The development of new modes at x-ray free electron lasers has inspired novel methods for studying fluctuations at different energies and timescales. For closely spaced x-ray pulses that can be varied on ultrafast time scales, we have constructed a pair of advanced instruments to conduct studies targeting quantum materials. We first describe a prototype instrument built to test the proof-of-principle of resonant magnetic scattering using ultrafast pulse pairs. This is followed by a description of a new endstation, the so-called fluctuation–dissipation measurement instrument, which was used to carry out studies with a fast area detector. In addition, we describe various types of diagnostics for single-shot contrast measurements, which can be used to normalize data on a pulse-by-pulse basis and calibrate pulse amplitude ratios, both of which are important for the study of fluctuations in materials. Furthermore, we present some new results using the instrument that demonstrates access to higher momentum resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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150. Enhanced charge density wave coherence in a light-quenched, high-temperature superconductor.

Author

Wandel, S., Boschini, F., da Silva Neto, E. H., Shen, L., Na, M. X., Zohar, S., Wang, Y., Welch, S. B., Seaberg, M. H., Koralek, J. D., Dakovski, G. L., Hettel, W., Lin, M.-F., Moeller, S. P., Schlotter, W. F., Reid, A. H., Minitti, M. P., Boyle, T., He, F., and Sutarto, R.

Subjects
*SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, *CHARGE density waves, *SUPERCONDUCTORS, *X-ray scattering, *LASER pulses
Abstract

Superconductivity and charge density waves (CDWs) are competitive, yet coexisting, orders in cuprate superconductors. To understand their microscopic interdependence, a probe capable of discerning their interaction on its natural length and time scale is necessary. We use ultrafast resonant soft x-ray scattering to track the transient evolution of CDW correlations in YBa2Cu3O6+x after the quench of superconductivity by an infrared laser pulse. We observe a nonthermal response of the CDW order characterized by a near doubling of the correlation length within ≈1 picosecond of the superconducting quench. Our results are consistent with a model in which the interaction between superconductivity and CDWs manifests inhomogeneously through disruption of spatial coherence, with superconductivity playing the dominant role in stabilizing CDW topological defects, such as discommensurations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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