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In June 2015, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) released a Guide notice (NOT-OD-15-102) that highlighted the expectation of the NIH that the possible role of sex as a biologic variable be factored into research design, analyses, and reporting of vertebrate animal and human studies. Anticipating these guidelines, the NIH Office of Research on Women's Health, in October 2014, convened key stakeholders to discuss methods and techniques for integrating sex as a biologic variable in preclinical research. The workshop focused on practical methods, experimental design, and approaches to statistical analyses in the use of both male and female animals, cells, and tissues in preclinical research. Workshop participants also considered gender as a modifier of biology. This article builds on the workshop and is meant as a guide to preclinical investigators as they consider methods and techniques for inclusion of both sexes in preclinical research and is not intended to prescribe exhaustive/specific approaches for compliance with the new NIH policy.-Miller, L. R., Marks, C., Becker, J. B., Hurn, P. D., Chen, W.-J., Woodruff, T., McCarthy, M. M., Sohrabji, F., Schiebinger, L., Wetherington, C. L., Makris, S., Arnold, A. P., Einstein, G., Miller, V. M., Sandberg, K., Maier, S., Cornelison, T. L., Clayton, J. A. Considering sex as a biological variable in preclinical research.

"'Gendered Innovations' integrates sex and gender analysis into all phases of biomedical and health research to assure excellence and quality in outcomes. This article reports on the interdisciplinary, international collaboration that produced: 1) state-of-the-art methods of sex and gender analysis for health and medicine; and 2) case studies to illustrate how gender analysis leads to discovery in biomedicine and better outcomes in health research: osteoporosis research in men, the genetics of sex determination, heart disease in women, stem cell research, animal research, nutrigenomics and degendering knee implants. The article concludes with a short review of policy at the Canadian, US, and European institutes of health, medical curricula, and policies for peer-reviewed journals in relation to reporting sex/gender analysis in research." (Autorenreferat), "'Gendered Innovations' integriert eine Sex und Genderanalyse in alle Phasen der biomedizinischen und Gesundheitsforschung, um Exzellenz und Qualität auf Ergebnisseite zu sichern. Der Beitrag stellt die interdisziplinären internationalen Kooperationsbemühungen dar, in deren Rahmen sowohl zeitgemäße Methoden der geschlechterfokussierten Analyse im Bereich von Gesundheit und Medizin entwickelt als auch Fallstudien durchgeführt wurden: zur Osteoporoseforschung bei Männern, zu genetischen Faktoren der Geschlechtsbestimmung, Herzerkrankungen bei Frauen, Stammzellenforschung, Tierversuchen, Nutrigenomik und zum 'Degendering' bei Knieimplantaten. Der Beitrag schließt mit einem kurzen Blick auf kanadische, US-amerikanische und europäische Gesundheitsinstitute, medizinische Curricula und den Umgang peer-reviewter Zeitschriften mit Forschungsberichten über Sex-/Genderanalysen" (Autorenreferat)

info:eu-repo/semantics/published, 1

Genderbepaalde vernieuwingen in de Natuurwetenschappen