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This paper examines the architectural implications for the integration of photovoltaic and solar thermal systems in new construction or extensive renovation of existing building shells. The study is based on a documentation of the current literature and a taxonomy of current and proposed applications based on conformance to a variety of building typologies. Additionally to the literature review, the paper delves on the investigation, assessment and categorization of existing applications, through case studies, analyzing the type and the function of each case, in order to identify the best practices for the different applications.The ultimate aim of this effort is to critically present the breadth of typologies of the plethora of alternatives available for building integrated photovoltaic and solar-thermal panels in ways that maximize their potential for solar gains for the purpose of addressing the power and thermal requirements of a given structure as well as its design.

The paper examines issues of transport equity as they pertain to the efficiency of transport, its cost and people’s mobility levels. It is also concerned with accessibility to transport for the greatest possible number of people, which together with transport equality leads to seeking fairness in mobility and accessibility levels across class, gender and disability. Moreover, the paper addresses aspects of transport equality with the goal of providing equal access to social and economic opportunity by looking into the provision of equal levels of access for all people to all places. Lastly, it delves on current concern in Cyprus about providing equal access to social and economic opportunity and it is centred on the issue of the “spatial mismatch hypothesis” – a term coined by Professor John F. Kain in 1968 (Housing segregation, Negro employment, and metropolitan decentralization) which refers to the disconnection between the locations of housing and jobs suitable for lower-income people and which is examined in this paper in the broader context of urban transport for sustainable urban development.

These This paper looks into frameworks which aim at furthering the discussion of the role of regenerative design practices in a city-s historic core and the tool of urban design to achieve urban revitalization on the island of Cyprus. It also examines the region-s demographic mix, the effectiveness of its governmental coordination and the strategies of adaptive reuse and strategic investments in older areas with existing infrastructure. The two main prongs of investigation will consider the effect of the existing and proposed changes in the physical infrastructure and fabric of the city, as well as the catalytic effect of sustainable urban design practices. Through this process, the work hopes to integrate the contained potential within the existing historic core and the contributions and participation of the migrant and immigrant populations to the local economy. It also examines ways in which this coupling of factors can bring to the front the positive effects of this combined effort on an otherwise sluggish local redevelopment effort. The data for this study is being collected and organized as part of ongoing urban design and development student workshop efforts in urban planning and design education. The work is presented in graphic form and includes data collected from interviews with study area organizations and the community at large. Planning work is also based on best practices initiated by the staff of the Nicosia Master Plan task force, which coordinates holistic planning efforts for the historic center of the city of Nicosia.

International audience

Transit hubs have always been sites of intense activity and the buildings housing their functions have always held an exotic allure with a character of industrial innovation and structural expression. The central theme of this paper is to address the potential for urban regeneration and improved mobility presented by transit oriented development (TOD) especially as it pertains to the crossroads of highways and transit hubs. This paper also suggests some important qualities of expanded mobility as a smart-growth principle. Expanded mobility is a cornerstone of efforts to promote smart growth. Data has been collected through a survey facilitated by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), which allowed the solicitation of information on current practices in joined development projects in the USA.

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We investigate the evolution of global welfare in two dimensions: income per capita and life expectancy. First, we estimate the marginal distributions of income and life expectancy separately. More importantly, in contrast to previous univariate approaches, we consider income and life expectancy jointly and estimate their bivariate global distribution for 137 countries during 1970 - 2000. We reach several conclusions: the global joint distribution has evolved from a bimodal into a unimodal one, the evolution of the health distribution has preceded that of income, global inequality and poverty has decreased over time and the evolution of the global distribution has been welfare improving. Our decomposition of overall welfare indicates that global inequality would be underestimated if within-country inequality is not taken into account. Moreover, global inequality and poverty would be substantially underestimated if the dependence between the income and health distributions is ignored.

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Using nonparametric estimation techniques we find that, in contrast to recent research, the finance-growth relationship is linear when the previously documented nonlinearity between initial per capital income, human capital and economic growth is taken into account. 15 1 12 1-12

We examine the relationship between openness in services trade (both telecommunication and financial) and economic growth via the threshold regression model to test for a differential impact between low- and high-income countries. Results confirm the existence of a two-regime split. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

This paper examines wage inequality in the manufacturing sector for a panel of Latin American and East Asian economies during the last three decades. A labor supply and demand model is presented where three main determinants of wage inequality are investigated: trade openness, technology transfer, and labor supply. Findings indicate that wage inequality in the two regions has responded differently to the various determinants enumerated above. Some lessons from the comparative experience of the two regions are drawn.

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This paper evaluates various channels through which foreign technology diffuses to the manufacturing sector of developing economies. These economies undertake virtually no own R&D, so they rely on foreign technology to a much larger extent than developed economies. We investigate the direct effect of foreign R&D, as well as technology embodied in imports of intermediate and capital goods and foreign direct investment, on the growth of total factor productivity and value added in the manufacturing sector of 32 economies during 1965-92. We find that foreign R&D typically has the biggest positive impact on domestic productivity and value-added growth. Imports of capital goods and foreign direct investment also play a similar role, but their effect is of smaller magnitude and is not always significant. © Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2005,. 9 482 501 482-501

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