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Highlights 1. Female patients with HCM showed worse LV remodeling with a higher indexed LV mass and a smaller indexed LV end-diastolic volume (measured by CMR) at the time of ASA. 2. Both men and women exhibited the LV reverse remodeling, however, men experienced more favorable LV reverse remodeling than women after ASA. The overall percentage of the LVM index regression was greater among men than women. 3. Women with HCM had worse relative composite endpoint than men. Sex and LV mass preablation were independent predictors of cardiovascular outcomes. 4. Sex appears to be a significant modifier in HCM patients receiving ASA treatment and highlighted the need for a different approach to women with HCM, such as improving women’s awareness of diagnosis and follow-up management as well as earlier referral for advanced therapies (e.g., septal reduction therapy and ICD implantation).

Background: Hypertrophic scar (HS) and keloid (KD) are common dermal fibroproliferative growth caused by pathological wound healing. HS's prevalence is currently undetermined in China. Though it primarily occurs in dark-skinned individuals, KD can develop in all races, and its prevalence among Chinese people is poorly documented. Objective: To explore the present epidemiological status of them in Chinese college students. Methods: We conducted a university-based cross-sectional study at one university in Fujian, China. A total of 1785 participants aged 16–34 years (mean age, 20.0 ± 2.0; 58.7% female) were enrolled and statistical analyses were performed. Results: HS and KD were observed in 5.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.2–6.2) and 0.6% (95% CI: 0.3–1.0) of the population respectively. There was a significant difference by sex in HS (P

As the core of reproducing the real nonlinear phenomena of traffic congestion, the investigation of car-following models, which take into account human factors, has consistently assumed a central role within the domain of transportation science. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that prior studies have invariably employed a fixed value for driver reaction time to stimuli, whereas it is imperative to recognize the dynamic nature of this parameter, closely associated with the instantaneous vehicle speed. To address this issue, this paper constructs a dynamic sensitivity coefficient (DSC), and further develops a nonlinear human factoring car-following model to reveal the relation between the reaction time and the current speed. Firstly, the linear critical stability condition and the mKdV equation of the model are derived by the linear stability analysis and kink–antikink solution analytic method, respectively. Then, the numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate that the proposed model is more practical and can reproduce the real driving behavior and phenomena. Finally, calibration and validation results exhibit the actual vehicle trajectory can be simulated well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suppose $\mathfrak {g}=\mathfrak {g}_{\bar 0}+\mathfrak {g}_{\bar 1}$ is a finite-dimensional restricted Lie superalgebra over an algebraically closed field $\mathbf {k}$ of characteristic $p>2$. In this article, we propose a conjecture for maximal dimensions of irreducible modules over the universal enveloping algebra $U(\mathfrak {g})$ of $\mathfrak {g}$ , as a super generalization of the celebrated first Kac–Weisfeiler conjecture. It is demonstrated that the conjecture holds for all basic classical Lie superalgebras and all completely solvable restricted Lie superalgebras. In this process, we investigate irreducible representations of solvable Lie superalgebras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrowetting liquid lenses have aroused considerable interest among researchers in a variety of industrial applications and wetting sciences. However, conventional electrowetting liquid lenses face significant limitations in their optical power tuning range due to contact angle saturation. To address this issue, our research introduces a polyelectrolyte mixture (PM) composed of ammonium polyphosphate and potassium chloride, which enables a broad optical power tuning range for electrowetting liquid lenses. Through a comprehensive analysis involving viscosity, Raman spectrum, and contact angle measurements, we offer additional insights into the interdisciplinary mechanism of the PM in enhancing the electrowetting effect. Our investigation elucidates how the conformation of the polyelectrolyte and the formation of hydrogen bonds at varying concentrations can impact the electrowetting gain. By optimizing the electrowetting concentration of the PM (12.5 wt. % ammonium polyphosphate and 7.5 wt. % potassium chloride), we achieve a liquid lens with an extensive tuning range (−37.97 to +18.71 D) at 0–45 V, featuring a substantial aperture (6.4 mm) and a low threshold voltage (10 V). This PM formulation effectively mitigates contact angle saturation, thereby offering promising applications and paving the way for the development of liquid lenses with a significantly enhanced optical power tuning capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate whether induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) can reduce skeletal muscle atrophy in mice by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Methods Thirty-two 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group (the model of lower limb muscular atrophy was established by tail suspension), heme chloride group (HO-1 expression was induced by intraperitoneal injection of hemin in the model mice), and zinc protoporphyrin group (on the basis of hemin chloride group, ZnPP was injected intraperitoneally to antagonize HO-1 expression), with 8 mice in each group. Another 8 mice at the same age were injected with lentivirus into tibialis anterior muscle and the model of lower limb muscle atrophy was established simultaneously, with the left side as lentivirus intervention subgroup (injection of lentiviral vector of NLRP3 RNAi to inhibit the expression of NLRP3), and the right side as lentivirus control subgroup (injection of blank lentiviral vector). The changes of muscle volume were observed by HE staining and muscle/body weight ratio. The protein levels of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 in the tibialis anterior muscle were determined by Western blotting. The levels of IL-1β and IL-18 and oxidative stress molecules in the muscle tissues were determined by ELISA. Results The typical mouse model of lower extremity muscular atrophy was successfully established by tail suspension. HO-1 induction resulted in significantly reduced muscular atrophy and decreased expression of NLRP3 inflammasome related proteins ASC and Caspase-1 in the heme chloride group when compared with the model group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the protein levels of above 2 molecules between the zinc protoporphyrin group and the model group. Knockdown of NLRP3 by lentiviral vector led to significantly reduced muscle atrophy, decreased expression of NLRP3 inflammasome related proteins (P < 0.05), and lower levels of downstream proteins IL-1 β and IL-18 (P < 0.05) when compared with the lentivirus control subgroup; The oxidative stress of muscle tissue was alleviated (P < 0.05). Conclusion Induction of HO-1 can reduce skeletal muscle atrophy in tail suspension mice by inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome.

Objective: To investigate the tissue factor (TF) expression on different subsets of monocyte and tissue factor secretion of peripheral blood and evaluate their association with the prognosis of sepsis in the Chinese older adult population. Methods: Monocyte subsets and TF expression on different subsets of monocyte were measured using flow cytometry in 80 older adult sepsis patients and 40 age and sex matched healthy controls. Plasma level of TF was measured using ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) method. Results: TF expression on CD14++CD16− (MO1) monocyte was lower in death (28-day non-survivor) group compared with survival (28-day survivor) groups [1.01 % (0.58 %, 1.62 %) vs. 3.66 % (1.32 %, 6.93 %), p = 0.001]. The plasma level of TF was increased in death group compared to survival group according to the 28-day mortality [109.2 (67.3, 154.2) vs. 62.1 (44.7, 115.5) pg/mL, p = 0.031]. Logistic regression analysis showed TF expression on MO1 monocyte (β = −0.776, OR = 0.460, CI: 0.251, 0.843, p = 0.012) was independently associated with the 28-day mortality. The ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve showed that the AUC (area under the curve) of the TF expression on MO1 monocyte for predicting 28-day mortality was 0.846 (p

Using composted soil samples, a metagenomic library consisting of 36,000 clones was constructed. Then, a novel lipase, Lip54q, which belongs to the VIII family of lipolytic enzymes, was identified from the metagenomic library by functional screening. To explore the enzymatic properties of Lip54q, lip54q was heterologous expressed in Escherichia coli with a high expression level of recombinant protein up to 720 mg/L. The recombinant enzyme showed the highest activity (28,160 U/mg) against a C10 substrate at pH 9.0 and 47°C, and was stable at temperatures ≤50°C and pH 8.0–11.0. Of particular interest, the surfactants, Tween-20, Tween-80 and Tritonx-100, exhibited strong promoting effects on Lip54q activities regardless of whether low concentrations (0.1%) or high concentrations (10%) were used. Application studies of Lip54q using six commercial detergents indicated that the enzyme had strong tolerance and immersion resistance to all six detergents. The results of oil-stain removal experiments suggested that addition of the enzyme to various commercial detergents could significantly improve the abilities of these detergents to remove oil-stains. Furthermore, the results of a molecular docking analysis of Lip54q showed that both the C10 substrate and linoleic acid molecules could form hydrogen bond interactions with the catalytic amino acids, Ser-268, Glu-168, and Asp-192, in the catalytic center of the enzyme, and the hydrogen bond distances were shorter. The electrostatic attraction between the enzyme and the substrate formed by the hydrogen bond with a shorter distance is stronger, which is conducive to the formation of a more stable complex between the enzyme and the substrate, thus increasing the activity of the enzyme to such substrate. These results 1ay a good foundation for application of this enzyme in the detergent industry in the future.

Objective To investigate the clinical result of radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma combined with left hepatectomy and resection of ventral segment of right anterior sector. Methods The data of one patient diagnosed as hilar cholangiocarcinoma and treated with radical resection combined with left hepatectomy and resection of ventral segment of right anterior sector was analyzed in Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital in November 2019, and the literatures associated with anatomy and surgery of right anterior sector of liver were reviewed. Results This was 74-year-old female diagnosed as Bismuth type Ⅳ hilar cholangiocarcinoma after preoperative image. She had radical resection successfully combined with left hepatectomy and resection of ventral segment of the right anterior sector. The operative time was 11 h 23 min with 300 mL intraoperative bleeding. The postoperative course was smooth and patient discharged on the 17th day after operation. Conclusions Compared with left trisectionectomy in the radical resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma, left hepatectomy combined with resection of ventral segment of right anterior sector could preserve more functional liver vo-lume effectively while radical resection of the target lesion and avoidance of postoperative liver failure.

PurposeCurrently, the relationship between radiation pneumonia (RP) and circulating immune cell in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the relationship between RP and circulating lymphocyte subsets in patients with ESCC receiving chemoradiotherapy (CRT), and develop a nomogram model to predict RP. Since we should implement clinical intervention to ≥ grade 2 RP, a nomogram model for ≥ grade 2 RP was also established to provide an early warning.Patients and methodsThis study retrospectively included 121 patients with ESCC receiving CRT from Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital from 2013 to 2021. Independent factors associated with occurrence of RP and ≥ grade 2 RP were identified by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis in the training cohort, and incorporated into nomograms. The predictive accuracy and discrimination of the model was assessed using Concordance Index (C-index), calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA). And each model was internally validated. Additionally, to verify the optimized predictive performance of the nomograms, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of each nomogram was compared to that of single independent risk factors, lung V10 and lung V20, respectively. Moreover, each model was further evaluated for risk stratification to identify populations at high risk of RP and ≥ grade 2 RP.ResultsMultivariate analysis suggested that TNM stage, post-RT percentage of CD8+ T cell, and lung V15 were independent predictive factors of RP. Besides, pre- and post-RT percentage of CD8+ T cell, and V15 were independent factors of ≥ grade 2 RP. The C-indexes of RP and ≥ grade 2 RP nomograms were 0.809 (95% CI: 0.715-0.903) and 0.787 (95% CI: 0.685-0.889) in the training cohort, respectively. And the C-indexes of RP and ≥ grade 2 RP nomograms were 0.718 (95% CI: 0.544-0.892) and 0.621 (95% CI: 0.404-0.837) in the validation cohort, respectively. The calibration curves showed that the predicted values of model agreed well with actual observations. Moreover, DCA results indicated the applicability and accuracy of the models to predict RP and ≥ grade 2 RP. After stratification, the incidence of the high-risk group was significantly higher than that of the low-risk group with respect to either RP or ≥ grade 2 RP.ConclusionTNM stage, post-RT percentage of CD8+ T cell, and lung V15 were the independent predictors of RP toxicity. Pre- and post-RT percentage of CD8+ T cell, and lung V15 were the independent factors of ≥ grade 2 RP toxicity. The nomograms based on circulating lymphocyte subsets can robustly predict RP and ≥ grade 2 RP, guiding clinicians in risk stratification and early intervention.