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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The level of self-esteem in adolescents appears to be contingent upon their satisfaction across various domains of life, exerting a notable influence on their mental wellbeing. The purposes of this study were to further validate the influence of resilience and positive coping strategy on their self-esteem and to explore the mediating effect of positive coping strategy in the relationship between resilience and self-esteem. Methods: A total of 657 children and adolescents with a hearing impairment from 14 deaf/special schools in Hubei province completed measures of self-esteem, resilience, and positive coping. Results: (1) Self-esteem is positively correlated with resilience and positive coping, (2) resilience is a significant predictor of self-esteem, and (3) the association between resilience and self-esteem was partly mediated by a positive coping strategy. Conclusion: This study indicated the partly mediating effects of positive coping strategy on the association between resilience and self-esteem among Chinese children and adolescents with hearing impairment. These results also highlighted that intervention to promote resilience and coping strategies might be helpful to improve their self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates how consumers' individual differences (personal values and characteristics in the adaptations level of personality) affect responses to luxury advertising laden with two opposing values: self-esteem versus image. Drawing on literature from luxury marketing, advertising and psychology, we examine the role of different personality variables in the effect of advertised values on attitudes and perceptions. Studies 1 and 2 show that susceptibility to normative influence and status consumption moderate the effect of advertised value on attitudes. Study 3 demonstrates that "for me" perceptions mediate the effect of advertised value on attitudes. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Maladaptive daydreaming (MD) is characterized by vivid, excessive fantasy activity that becomes prioritized over other activities and may result in avoidant coping strategies. Little is known about the relationship between MD and internalized stigma in the neurodivergent sample. The current study aimed to examine emotional dysregulation, escapism and self-perception (self-esteem and internalized stigma) as potential determinants of MD in three groups: adults on the autism spectrum, with ADHD, and both diagnoses ("AuDHD"), including their neurodivergent symptoms (autistic traits, empathizing, ADHD symptoms). Methods: A sample of 293 persons (139 with ADHD, 74 on the autism spectrum, and 80 with both diagnoses) completed self-report scales concerning ADHD symptoms, autism spectrum symptoms, empathizing, self-esteem, daydreaming as escapism, emotional dysregulation, maladaptive daydreaming, and internalized stigma. A correlation analysis was implemented. Additionally, a group comparison and quantile regression for the 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile of maladaptive daydreaming in the three groups were executed. Results: The results showed that internalized stigma, emotional dysregulation, escapism, and self-esteem have significant associations with MD in the neurodiverse sample. The ADHD group achieved the lowest scores in emotional dysregulation, discrimination experience, and social withdrawal. The groups did not vary in MD rates, stereotype endorsement, stigma resistance, nonacceptance of emotional responses, and impulse control difficulties. The AuDHD group achieved higher results than the ASD group only in the ADHD symptoms. Quantile regression revealed differences in the predictors of maladaptive daydreaming in the three groups. ADHD symptoms and self-suppression escapism were significant predictors for the higher levels of MD in persons with singular autism or ADHD diagnosis. Conclusion: The results showed no differences in MD rates, although there were significant variations in predictive features among the three samples. The role of internalized stigma and self-esteem was highlighted in the results as significant associates of MD prevalence. These outcomes expand the current knowledge in the context of maladaptive daydreaming, internalized stigma, self-esteem and emotional dysregulation in a neurodiverse sample and allow for proposing clinical applications and further research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between leisure-time physical activity and academic burnout among college students, and the mediating roles of mindfulness and self-esteem in the relationship, so as to provide a reference for alleviating academic burnout among college students. The study used the Physical Activity Rating Scale, the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, the Self-Esteem Scale, and the Academic Burnout Scale to conduct a questionnaire survey to 629 college students (M = 19.6) through a convenience sampling method. The constructed chained mediation model was tested for path analysis, and mediation effects using SPSS 29.0. The results showed that leisure-time physical activity, mindfulness, self-esteem and academic burnout were significantly correlated with each other. The direct effect of leisure-time physical activity on college students' academic burnout was not significant, but the indirect effect was significant. Mindfulness and self-esteem had significant mediating effects between leisure-time physical activity and academic burnout among college students, and the mediating effects consisted of the independent mediation of mindfulness and self-esteem and the chain mediating effect between them. Thus, enhancing leisure-time physical activity as an intervention to alleviate academic burnout among college students should focus on the effects on mindfulness perception and self-esteem. By enhancing the levels of mindfulness perception and self-esteem, leisure-time physical activity may play an important role in alleviating the growing academic burnout among college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Whether higher family socio‐economic status (SES) drives adolescents to engage in more prosocial behaviours is a topic of debate. Previous research has typically concentrated on the association between self‐reported subjective SES and their prosocial behaviours. Drawing from the Ecological Systems Theory, this study incorporates two proximal factors—parental educational expectations (PEE) and adolescent's self‐esteem—into a chained mediation model to explore the mechanisms of the distal factor, family SES, links to adolescents' prosocial behaviour. An analysis of 600 caregiver–child pairs (with children ranging from Grades 3 to 12, comprising 64.3% boys) supports the negative link between family SES and prosocial behaviour and unexpectedly indicates the suppressing mediating effect of PEE and self‐esteem. Results suggest that prosocial motivation is not solely linked with material resources; it also intertwines with family educational perspectives and the development of individual self‐worth. These findings provide implications in cultivating prosocial behaviours among adolescents from different SES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mental health promotion and substance use prevention are essential issues at universities worldwide. Although research has identified risk and protective factors for substance use generally among college students, there is a paucity of knowledge about anxiolytic use. Thus, the main objective of this study was to analyze if prescription and non-prescription anxiolytic use was related to self-control, self-esteem and self-efficacy. A cross-sectional study design included 1,687 undergraduate students (Mage = 20.30 years; SD = 2.76) at a Spanish university. Validated instruments were administrated for data collection, under the supervision of a research team member. Descriptive analyses showed that almost 12% of the sample reports prescription anxiolytic use and more than 6% of non-prescription anxiolytic use in the last 6 months. There were considerable differences between genders, with females reporting higher consumption. Linear regression analyses showed that low self-control and low self-esteem predicted both prescription and non-prescription anxiolytic use. Being female predicted only non-prescription anxiolytic use. Considering these findings, strategies to improve self-control and self-efficacy among university students could be a successful element preventing or decreasing anxiolytic use and misuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Stress is a major problem among students, threatening their health and well-being. The aim of the research is to analyze the sources of stress in students and to investigate whether there are gender differences and differences between university and non-university students in stress, coping styles, mental symptoms and well-being. A second aim is to know the relevance of age, education, stress, coping styles, self-esteem and social support on mental symptoms, psychological well-being and life satisfaction of boys and girls. Methods: The study was cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 1,426 students between the ages of 16 and 26. Results and discussion: The results of the ANOVAs showed that although there were some gender differences, being a university student or not explained more variance than gender. University students had more chronic stress than non-university students. However, they were more satisfied with their studies, had healthier coping styles, fewer mental symptoms, and greater well-being. For both genders, the main predictor of more mental symptoms was a higher emotional coping style. This was followed by lower self-esteem, a higher number of stressful life events, and higher chronic stress. Higher study dissatisfaction was associated with lower psychological well-being and lower life satisfaction. Higher chronic stress was associated with lower life satisfaction. It is concluded that stress and coping styles are relevant to students' mental health. The results of this study are relevant to the design of policies, strategies, and programs to improve students' mental health and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a set of fundamental beliefs that underlie social attitudes and behaviors, social axioms (i.e., social cynicism, fate control, reward for application, religiosity, and social complexity) play a central role in how individuals maintain self-esteem and life satisfaction when encountering challenges and adversities in the social world. Existing knowledge regarding the impact of social axioms on psychological well-being is inconclusive, and there is a lack of longitudinal research to investigate whether social axioms are associated with psychological well-being over time. Most previous studies focused on the influence of social axioms on cognitive aspects of well-being (e.g., life purpose and self-esteem), but the affective aspects (i.e., positive and negative feelings) have been seldom investigated. To address this research gap, we conducted a two-wave survey among 333 Chinese university students and found that the baseline social axioms predicted the follow-up psychological well-being. Social cynicism was negatively related to flourishing and positive feelings, and positively related to negative feelings. Fate control was positively related to flourishing and positive feelings. Gender played a moderating role between social cynicism and flourishing. The findings gain our understanding of how social axioms affect psychological well-being over time and inspire new ideas for emotion regulation and well-being promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perceived racism is the subjective experience one has regarding racism, which may come in the form of blatant discrimination or microaggressions. This study investigated and compared the relations of perceived blatant discrimination and microaggression to university students' well-being (physical and psychological health, academic adjustment), and how the associations may be influenced by racial/ethnic identity and self-esteem. A self-report survey from racial/ethnic minority university students showed that higher perceived racism was associated with higher stress levels, more somatic symptoms, and worse academic adjustment. Microaggression showed larger negative impact than blatant discrimination. Racial/ethnic identity showed complex effects—a large positive effect by promoting self-esteem and a modest negative effect by intensifying the perception of microaggression. Self-esteem was strongly associated with well-being, yet it also exacerbated the negative association between microaggression and academic adjustment. These findings suggest that racism—microaggression in particular—harm racial/ethnic minority university students in multiple aspects, and that racial/ethnic identity and self-esteem are primarily protective factors, yet mechanisms leading to negative outcomes also exist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The happiness and well-being of individuals are among the most important components of life. However, there remains a lack of evidence regarding the relationships between students' happiness, vigor, and self-esteem on the one hand and various complex factors on the other hand. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 397 students from various Lithuanian universities. We determined students' happiness, self-esteem, vigor, healthy lifestyles, perceived stress, personality traits, academic achievements and motivation by using validated scales. Results and discussion: The study indicates that while happiness and self-esteem are not linked to healthy lifestyles, vigor is positively associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and healthy eating, and negatively with body mass index (BMI). Happiness and vigor inversely relate to stress, and happiness and self-esteem inversely relate to depression. Vigor is positively related to extraversion, and self-esteem to neuroticism. Happiness, vigor, and self-esteem are not linked to academic achievements, but happiness relates to non-utilitarian decisions, and self-esteem to emotional intelligence and non-utilitarian decisions. Happiness, vigor, self-esteem were not linked to intrinsic motivation to study, but self-esteem was inversely related to amotivation and childhood violence. This study fills the research gap and deepens the understanding of what determines students' happiness and vigor, and self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) play a significant role on emotional and psychological outcomes in adulthood, including vindictiveness, emotional awareness, self-esteem and hurt feeling. This study sought to examine the relationship between early ACEs and their effects on vindictive behavior, emotional awareness, hurt feelings, and self-esteem in adults. Method: A total of 500 university students aged 18 to 47 participated in the study, among these 246 were selected through screening. Initially adverse childhood experiences of participants were screened using a Life Event Scale. Vindictive behavior was assessed using the Vengeance Scale, while Emotional awareness, hurt feelings, and self-esteem were measured through the Trait Emotional Awareness Scale, Hurt Feeling Scale, and Self-Esteem Scale, respectively. Results: The findings suggests that individuals who recalled negative childhood experiences were more likely to show vindictive behavior in adulthood. Moreover, the study revealed that this relationship between adverse childhood experiences and vindictive behavior were higher in individuals with low emotional awareness and self-esteem. Furthermore this association become significantly stronger in individuals experiencing heightened level of hurt feelings. Conclusion: The study highlights the significance of early adverse childhood experiences in understanding of vindictive behavior. Furthermore, it emphasizes that low emotional awareness, self-esteem, and the experience of hurt feelings act as mediating factors associated with behavioral patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Various factors associated with attitudes toward the utilization of professional psychological help among the school-going population have been explored, but studies from Arabian Gulf countries are lacking. This study aimed to assess attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help, examine how demographic factors and self-esteem are associated with seeking psychological help, and understand the interaction between these variables. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational design was used. A random sample of Omani secondary school students (n = 2165) aged 15–18 years completed the demographics sheet, the Scale of Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help (SATSPH), and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Hierarchical regression analysis with interaction was performed to test the moderating role of self-esteem in the relationship between selected demographics and attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help (ATSPH). Results: Most of the adolescents exhibited poor attitudes toward ATSPH. The findings demonstrated a significant moderating effect of self-esteem on the relationship between demographics (sex and age) and ATSPH (ΔR 2 = 0.002, F (7, 2156) = 4.839, p < 0.001). In terms of sex, women may have more positive attitudes toward seeking help than men. However, when self-esteem is considered, the positive effect of being female can reverse at higher levels of self-esteem, suggesting that men with higher self-esteem may have more positive attitudes toward seeking help than women with higher self-esteem. Furthermore, initially, age was not significant. However, when self-esteem was introduced as a moderator, age was a significant predictor. These findings indicate that the effect of age on seeking professional psychological help is influenced by self-esteem. Conclusions: This study highlights that attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help among Omani adolescents are generally poor and are influenced by both demographic factors and self-esteem. Although women tend to have more positive attitudes than men do, this can change with varying levels of self-esteem. Similarly, the effect of age on these attitudes is dependent on self-esteem levels. This underscores the complex interplay between demographic factors and self-esteem in shaping attitudes toward psychological help-seeking behaviors. Therefore, more studies of this nature are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Brain connectome fingerprinting represents a recent and valid approach in assessing individual identifiability on the basis of the subject-specific brain functional connectome. Although this methodology has been tested and validated in several neurological diseases, its performance, reliability and reproducibility in healthy individuals has been poorly investigated. In particular, the impact of the changes in brain connectivity, induced by the different phases of the menstrual cycle (MC), on the reliability of this approach remains unexplored. Furthermore, although the modifications of the psychological condition of women during the MC are widely documented, the possible link with the changes of brain connectivity has been poorly investigated. Methods: We conducted the Clinical Connectome Fingerprint (CCF) analysis on source-reconstructed magnetoencephalography signals in a cohort of 24 women across the MC. Results: All the parameters of identifiability did not differ according to the MC phases. The peri-ovulatory and mid-luteal phases showed a less stable, more variable over time, brain connectome compared to the early follicular phase. This difference in brain connectome stability in the alpha band significantly predicted the self-esteem level (p -value <0.01), mood (p -value <0.01) and five (environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance) of the six dimensions of well-being (p -value <0.01, save autonomy). Conclusion: These results confirm the high reliability of the CCF as well as its independence from the MC phases. At the same time the study provides insights on changes of the brain connectome in the different phases of the MC and their possible role in affecting women's subjective mood state across the MC. Finally, these changes in the alpha band share a predictive power on self-esteem, mood and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Six-year-old children who are not socially developed generally show low self-esteem, but this level increases continuously due to teacher interaction. However, using methods such as animal-assisted activities incorporating animals can rapidly increase the levels of self-esteem in children. This study investigated the effectiveness of rabbit-based intervention in two groups with similar backgrounds. It can be concluded that rabbit-based intervention is particularly effective in increasing children's self-esteem. In addition, self-esteem was effectively improved in boys compared to girls. This method helped improve children's early sociality and self-esteem. Animal-assisted activities (AAAs) effectively improve the self-esteem of infants and young children, thereby playing a significant role in their growth into adolescence. In particular, in modern society, self-esteem during childhood and adolescence can influence self-esteem during adulthood. Therefore, this study evaluates whether animal-assisted activities could improve infants' self-esteem. There were ten participants in this study, with six one-hour sessions conducted twice a week with six-year-old children. The study proceeded with one host, two assistant hosts, one animal manager, one observer, and two helper rabbits. A self-esteem test was used as the research tool. Before and after the program, the pre-and post-tests were conducted separately to confirm the effect. Animal-mediated therapy in the program resulted in reducing the average scores in certain sub-areas of self-esteem. Additionally, the average score demonstrated a statistically significant increase in other areas. This study's results showed that play programs involving animal-assisted activities can positively improve the self-esteem of infants and toddlers who develop early social skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Methods and Materials: The statistical population of this correlational-descriptive study included all students of the Faculty of Educational Sciences and Humanities at the University of Wasit, Iraq, in 2023. From this population, a sample of 306 students (115 female students and 185 male students) was selected using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method. Data were collected through the Academic Performance Questionnaire (Pham & Taylor, 1999), Academic Self-Concept Questionnaire (Chen & Thompson, 2004), Academic Engagement Questionnaire (Reeve & Tseng, 2011), Academic Resilience Questionnaire (Samuels, 2006), Emotional Self-Regulation Questionnaire (Hoffman & Kashdan, 2010), and Self-Esteem Questionnaire (Rosenberg, 1965) and were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis. Findings: The findings of the study indicated that there was a significant positive relationship between all research variables and academic performance (P<0.001). Additionally, the results of the stepwise regression analysis showed that in four steps, academic engagement, self-esteem, academic resilience, and emotional selfregulation could collectively predict 72% of the variance in academic performance, with academic engagement having the highest predictive power at 63%. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it is suggested that the policymakers of higher education at the University of Wasit prioritize the enhancement of academic engagement and the strengthening of personality and psychological variables such as self-esteem and self-regulation, as well as contextual factors such as academic self-concept and academic resilience, to empower students and advance educational goals and academic success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many students refused to turn on their webcams during synchronous online classes. Students may intentionally remain invisible to teachers and colleagues for reasons related to their motivation and emotions. However, less is known about the relationships between students' activity and frequency of turning on the webcam during synchronous online classes and their self-compassion. In our study (N = 450, Polish students aged 18 to 28), we examined the relationship between students' self-compassion, self-esteem, body esteem, and discomfort when using webcams with their activity and frequency of turning on the webcam during synchronous online classes. We found that men scored higher than women on self-compassion, self-esteem, and body esteem, but lower on discomfort when using the webcam. In both genders, higher self-compassion was associated with higher self-esteem, higher body esteem, higher activity during synchronous online classes, and less discomfort when using the webcam. Moreover, in women, higher self-compassion was linked with more frequent turning on the webcam. We also observed that discomfort when using the webcam and self-esteem mediated relationships between self-compassion and activity and turning on the webcam during synchronous online classes. Our results indicate the importance of improving self-compassion in students during online education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background/Objectives: The study investigated the dynamic interrelations of both positive and negative self-esteem with depression among immigrant adolescents. Methods: Longitudinal data from the Children of Immigrants Longitudinal Study (CILS) were analyzed using a Cross-Lagged Panel Network (CLPN) model. Results: The results showed strong autoregressive effects; both the positive and negative dimensions of self-esteem and symptoms of depression were fairly stable across the two measurement times. Cross-lagged effects indicated that higher levels of positive self-esteem predicted reduced depressive symptoms; for example, higher self-worth at Time 1 was associated with a lower lack of motivation at Time 2. However, some components, for instance, positive self-attitude, predicted in greater sadness from Time 1 to Time 2. On the other hand, certain dimensions of negative self-esteem, such as feeling useless at Time 1, were related to decreases in depressive symptoms at Time 2, which points to complex and bidirectional effects that challenge traditional hypotheses on how self-esteem may affect mental health. Conclusions: The current study teases apart sub-components of self-esteem and, in doing so, demonstrates how different facets uniquely predict depression over time and inform nuanced mental health trajectories among immigrant youth. The findings indicate that selective self-esteem interventions should be carried out to enhance resilience and mental well-being in adolescents from diverse backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe purpose of the study is to assess the potential impact of virtual reality tools in physical education on the development of students’ cognitive skills and self-esteem. The impact of physical training on well-being, psychophysical health and cognitive abilities is being studied, but the additional impact of elements of the rapidly evolving digital environment has so far been largely ignored. The role of virtual tools in disseminating physical education and engaging the population in health preservation can be very significant and contribute to the achievement of national development goals. The research involved 150 participants (students at Hohai University); age varied from 20 to 28 years. The results showed the effectiveness of the proposed methodology tested using the specified psychometric tools (The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and The Rosenberg selfesteem scale). In practice, the results of the study can be implemented in the educational process of schools, colleges, and universities with wider use of available virtual reality tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the determinants of online harassment and its effects on learners' self-esteem and academic performance, aiming to improve school-based child protection policies. The research addresses the growing exposure of students to online platforms and the corresponding rise in cyberstalking, online impersonation, and catfishing. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, the study draws from a sample of 50 respondents, examining their experiences across these online harassment forms and the impact on their self-esteem--measured through cognitive, learning, and metacognitive engagement--and academic outcomes. Key findings indicate a strong correlation between online impersonation and negative impacts on self-esteem and academic performance, with cyberstalking and catfishing also showing significant associations, particularly in learning and metacognitive engagement. Students affected by these forms of online harassment reported diminished self-confidence and concentration, leading to poorer academic outcomes. Data suggests that male students and those aged 9-12 face higher exposure to online risks, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. This research underscores the importance of reinforcing digital literacy and online safety education within the school curriculum. The findings suggest that enhanced child protection policies must address the complexities of online harassment, fostering safer online environments for learners. The study concludes with recommendations for a comprehensive school-based Child Protection Policy Program that includes preventative measures and support systems for students encountering online harassment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Resilience indicates a characteristic within an individual that enables them to flourish despite challenges and limitations, not only overcoming obstacles but thriving in the face of them. The aim of this study is to present a resilience model based on individual factors and the mediating role of emotion-focused coping strategy. Methods and Materials: This research is descriptive-correlational, with the statistical population comprising all male and female students studying at the undergraduate, master's, and doctoral levels at Islamic Azad University, Yazd Branch, during the 2022-2023 academic year. Samples were selected using stratified random sampling and, based on the Morgan table and accounting for subject dropout, a sample size of 420 individuals was chosen. The instruments used to measure the research variables included the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Attachment to God Questionnaire, Lazarus and Folkman's Coping Strategies, Garnefski et al.'s (2001) Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, and Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale. Data analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling with SPSS 22 and Smart PLS4 software. Of the distributed questionnaires, 400 were evaluable and scorable. Findings: Data analysis results indicated that in all pathways, the significance level was less than the error level of 0.05, thus, at a 95% confidence level and an error level of 0.05, the total effect in the research model pathways is significant. The GOF criterion value was 0.513, indicating a moderate to high goodness of fit for the overall research model. Conclusion: The findings highlight the critical roles of self-esteem, emotional regulation, and attachment to God in enhancing resilience through emotion-focused coping strategies among students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractBackgroundMethodsResultsConclusionGiven that college life is a major life-changing and stressful event for many young adults, they may use e-cigarettes to manage their stress, which in the long run could be detrimental to their health. Furthermore, perceived social support and self-esteem are important factors that might influence young adults’ e-cigarette use behavior. This cross-sectional study examines the associations of perceived stress, social support, and self-esteem with e-cigarette use among U.S. college-aged young adults.Students (aged 18–24 years, n = 220) attending Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania between February-May 2023 were recruited to complete an online survey. The outcome variables were current (past 30 days) and ever e-cigarette users, while the explanatory variables were perceived stress, perceived social support, self-esteem, and socio-demographics. Data was analyzed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models.About 30.1% and 55.0% of participants were current users and ever users of e-cigarettes, respectively. Participants who perceived high stress (vs. low stress) were 12.4 (Adjusted Odds ratio (aOR) = 12.39, p = 0.02) and 7.4 (aOR = 7.37, p = 0.04) times more likely to be current users and ever users of e-cigarettes, respectively. For every one-unit increase in self-esteem score, the likelihood of participants being current e-cigarette users decreased by 7% (OR = 0.93, p = 0.01).Perceived stress and self-esteem are significantly associated with e-cigarette use among college-aged young adults. Public health efforts should focus on stress reduction, healthy coping strategies, and improving self-esteem in order to prevent e-cigarette use among this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Background Method Results Conclusion Implications The present study explores how immigrant adolescents differ in their experiences of language brokering and how acculturation gaps may relate to adolescents' self‐esteem.Adolescents often translate on behalf of immigrant parents and other family members, a process known as language brokering (LB). Because language brokering requires adolescents to be in extended close contact with parents, their subjective experiences of language brokering may relate to their individual well‐being through their acculturation congruence with their parents.Three hundred four bilingual participants aged 13 to 17 years completed an online questionnaire about demographics, translating activities, acculturation congruence, and self‐esteem. From affirmative responses to the translation item, a subsample of 188 language brokers was created for analyses of indirect effects.There were no significant differences between language brokers and non–language brokers on acculturation congruence. Among the language brokers, acculturation congruence had indirect effects on LB efficacy, burden, positive, and negative attitudes to self‐esteem.There is no evidence of an acculturation gap for language brokers and non–language brokers. Acculturation congruence has indirect effects on the subjective experiences of LB on self‐esteem.Parent‐adolescent relationship quality may be key in regulating the relation of LB to individual well‐being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between psychological capital, academic engagement, and academic procrastination with the psychological well-being of high school students in Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq. Methods and Materials: This applied, descriptive-correlational study employed a structural equation modeling design. The statistical population included all high school students in Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq, during the first semester of the 2023-2024 academic year. A total of 250 students were selected using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method, and finally, 194 students completed the questionnaires. The questionnaires used in this study included Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scale (1989), Solomon and Rothblum's Academic Procrastination Scale (1984), Fredericks et al.'s Academic Engagement Scale (2004), Nguyen et al.'s Psychological Capital Questionnaire (2012), and Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale (1965). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 and AMOS version 24. Findings: The results indicated a significant positive relationship between psychological capital and academic engagement with self-esteem and psychological well-being (p < .01) and a significant negative relationship between academic procrastination with self-esteem and psychological wellbeing (p < .01). Additionally, there was a significant positive relationship between self-esteem and psychological well-being (p < .01). Furthermore, selfesteem partially mediated the relationship between psychological capital, academic engagement, and academic procrastination with psychological wellbeing. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that fostering self-esteem through the development of psychological capital, increasing academic engagement, and reducing procrastination can improve the psychological well-being of high school students in Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In research using close-ended measures, people evaluate individuals labeled as having low self-esteem (LSE) more negatively than those with high self-esteem (HSE). The present research found participants’ open-ended descriptions of LSE and HSE were just as polarized. Although participants saw a negative side to HSE (self-absorption; Studies 1 and 2) and when directly prompted saw a positive side to LSE (humble; Study 2), they did not consistently apply these complementary perspectives when forming impressions of targets (Study 3). Instead, participants viewed HSE targets more positively across almost all traits. Although people can list a dark side to HSE and a bright side to LSE, when asked to form an impression, people see a halo on the heads of HSE targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Pregnancy is an inherently delicate process characterized by physiological and psychological changes, even in the absence of any health complications. This study compares the levels of anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and guilt in women diagnosed with high-risk pregnancies to those in a control group consisting of women with healthy pregnancies. Methods: A total of 172 women participated in the study, 108 of whom had high-risk pregnancies, and 64 had healthy pregnancies. All participants were administered a semi-structured Sociodemographic Data Form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Scale (BAI), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Guilt Inventory (GI). The findings were statistically analyzed and compared. Results: Women with high-risk pregnancies had significantly higher scores on the BAI (p = 0.002), BDI (p = 0.035), and GI (p = 0.001) compared to the control group. In the logistic regression analysis for calculating the risk of high-risk pregnancy, the multivariate analysis revealed that living in rural areas posed 3.5 times higher risk for high-risk pregnancy compared to urban living (OR = 3.500, 95% CI = 1.484–8.254). Additionally, for every one-point increase in the GI score, the risk of high-risk pregnancy increased by 1.064 times (OR = 1.064, 95% CI = 1.017–1.114). In the patient group, significant positive correlations were found between the BAI score and BDI, RSES, and GI scores, while a significant negative correlation was observed between BAI and parity. There were also significant positive correlations between the BDI and RSES as well as the GI scores. Additionally, a positive significant correlation was found between the RSES and GI scores. Conclusions: Our findings may help in identifying the psychological states of women with high-risk pregnancies and [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the connection between risky behaviors and various socioeconomic factors, including skills, preferences, aspirations, expectations, and exposure to shocks. Using a representative sample of Chilean youths aged 15 to 19 years old, our analysis identifies self-esteem, risk aversion, and educational aspirations as relevant factors associated with participation in risky activities. Remarkably, even after accounting for socio-demographic factors, skills, expectations, aspirations, and preferences, we uncover a significant correlation between exposure to shocks at both individual and family levels and engagement in risky behavior. Particularly striking is the association between experiencing job loss and family illness and the prevalence of risky behaviors. Additionally, we observe positive correlations among the unexplained variability of these behaviors, suggesting a complementary relationship between these activities. While these patterns are correlational rather than causal, they offer valuable insights into the determinants of risky decision-making among youths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social support can reduce academic stress and enhance the overall well-being of students, especially those who live away from home to pursue their education. The present study aimed to compare the subjective well-being, resilience, and self-esteem of residential and outstation university students in India and study the impact of social support on these constructs. The study recruited 121 Indian university students aged from 17 to 24 years. Measures included the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale, the BBC Subjective Well-Being Scale, and the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey. The study found significant differences in selfesteem, subjective well-being, and resilience and that social support significantly impacts these constructs. The results implicate the requirement for interventions to help students build their self-esteem and resilience and implement peer support programs in educational institutions, especially for outstation students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing integration of digital technologies into daily life, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, has raised concerns about internet and social media addictions and their potential impact on mental health. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of internet and social media addictions among adults in Cyprus in the post-pandemic period and explore their relationship with demographic characteristics, mental well-being (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress), and self-esteem. Participants included 502 adults from Cyprus recruited using the convenience and snowball sampling methods. The data were collected via an internet-based questionnaire that examined participants' levels of internet addiction, social media addiction, mental well-being, and self-esteem. The results suggest that (a) while the prevalence of severe addiction was low for both internet and social media addictions, approximately one-third of participants exhibited mild to moderate levels of addiction; (b) younger adults, particularly those between 18 and 28 years of age, were more prone to problematic online behaviors; (c) internet and social media addictions were positively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress and negatively associated with self-esteem; and (d) stress was found to be a significant predictor of both internet and social media addictions, while self-esteem acted as a protective factor against problematic use. These findings highlight the enduring mental health implications of increased digital engagement and emphasize the need for targeted interventions to promote healthy online behaviors, manage stress, and enhance self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the past decade, there has been an increase in the number of cosmetic procedures performed globally. About one-third of individuals who undergo cosmetic procedures are under the age of 35 years. Several factors can influence acceptance of cosmetic surgery including media, religion, and individual factors among others. Objective: The objective of this current study is to investigate the motivations behind individuals choosing to undergo cosmetic surgery. Material and methods: This study was a cross-sectional single-center, conducted to assess the attitudes and acceptance of cosmetic surgery among attendees at Cosmetic and beauty centres in the city of Mosul, Iraq between September -November of 2022. All patients at the plastic surgery clinics were given a questionnaire that they were instructed to fill out in their own time. The likelihood of having cosmetic surgery scale, the Rosenberg self-esteem scale, the life happiness scale, and the physical attractiveness scale were used to measure the correlation between these variables and other factors. With a p-value of less than 0.05, the results might be considered reliable. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used for the investigation of correlations (r). Results: The mean age was 31.47 years, the standard deviation was 2.8, the range of ages was 15-52 years, and the median age was 29.89 years. There was an insignificant weak positive connection between participants' self-esteem and their acceptance of cosmetic surgery (r=0.052) Conclusion: Lower levels of self-esteem and life satisfaction, greater exposure to cosmetic surgery in the media (especially television), increased time spent in front of the TV, and religious affiliation were all found to be significant predictors of future use of cosmetic surgery in the current study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the effect of motivational enhancement group intervention conducted by nurses on the motivation of self-improvement, relapse tendency and self-esteem in the recovering male amphetamine addicts. Methods: Ninety-eight recovering male amphetamine addicts in the Compulsory Detoxification Center were randomly divided into control group (n=54) and motivational enhancement group (n=44). The addicts in the control group received routine education while those in the motivational enhancement group received routine education combined with a 12-week motivational enhancement group intervention conducted by nurses. The Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES), Relapse Tendency Questionnaire, and Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES-T) were applied to measure the effect, before and after the intervention. Results: In both two groups, the scores of RSEST, questionnaire of relapse tendency, and self-confidence of detoxification were lower after 12-week intervention than at the baseline (P<0.05). After 12-week intervention, all the above scores were lower in the motivational enhancement group than in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: Compared with routine education, the motivational enhancement group intervention conducted by nurses may be more effective to improve their self-confidence in drug rehabilitation and prevention of relapse in recovering male amphetamine addicts, however, the improvement on self-esteem is limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The under-representation of women in male-dominated STEM fields is a worldwide concern. However, there are other academic fields, like some non-STEM degrees, where female students are over-represented. Previous research has identified five critical factors influencing student participation rates: career choice, satisfaction, self-esteem, discrimination, and dropout. Based on a sample of 402 students, this study examines the educational experiences of female students in male-dominated STEM degrees compared to those in female-dominated non-STEM degrees. The study also compares results between male students in STEM and non-STEM degrees. The findings reveal that STEM female students are less likely to choose their studies based on vocation, associated with dropout intentions. Moreover, STEM female students have higher dropout intentions and feel less self-esteem. For female STEM students, dropout intentions are related to self-esteem, discrimination, and satisfaction. This study highlights differences between minority groups in STEM and non-STEM degrees and offers valuable information to address the under-representation of female students in technical fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an ethnographic study conducted in French pre‐kindergarten and kindergarten classrooms, investigating how education establishes and reinforces relations of sociocultural dominance. Building on Bourdieu and Passeron's concept of symbolic violence, we seek to uncover the mechanisms through which school socialization encourages the acceptance of the hierarchies it generates. The data suggest that this persuasion relies on set of interrelated processes: Schools organize the unequal profitability of family cultural practices and knowledge, obscure the realities of learning, and foster a meritocratic myth that naturalizes these inequalities. Moreover, children actively participate in their own subordination without realizing it. By documenting these processes, the study provides critical insights into how everyday schooling practices not only perpetuate social inequalities but also shape early on the idea that students form of themselves as both students and individuals and intensify concerns about self‐worth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to examine the self-respect and decision-making styles of students studying in secondary education institutions. In this study, which is a quantitative research, the survey model was adopted. The population of the study consists of secondary education institutions affiliated to Kütahya Provincial Directorate of National Education, while the sample group includes a total of 442 participants, 250 males and 192 females, who continue their education in these secondary education institutions. As a measurement tool, Melbourne Decision Making Scale I-II which was developed by Mann et al. (1998) and was adapted into Turkish by Deniz (2004) was used. T-test and ANOVA tests were applied to analyse the obtained data. Based on the assumption of homogeneous distribution of the data, Welch values were taken into consideration and Tamhane's T2 test values from Post Hoc tests were analysed. The results showed statistically significant differences according to the participants' gender, sport type, competition participation status and education level variables. Factors such as gender, sport type and competition participation status can affect decision making styles. Therefore, determining the variables affecting self-respect and decision-making styles is important for students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article through interviewing 16 wives of international students from 10 different countries, who used to be professional women before coming to the US, examines how not continuing the pre-migration professional identity can negatively affect the self-esteem and mental health. The participants came to the US with an F-2 visa, which prohibits them from paid-employment. This study through adapting the Social Identity Model of Identity Change Framework by adding the element of immigration policy, shows that how restrictive immigration policies can disrupt or postpone new social identity formation or the continuation of old identity through group membership processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature provides empirical evidence that family economic hardship can increase the likelihood of adolescents engaging in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. Guided by the risky families model, this study aimed to investigate whether relative deprivation mediates the link between family economic hardship and adolescent NSSI, and whether self-esteem moderates this indirect link. A combined 673 adolescents (45.9% female; Mage = 12.81 years) completed measures of family economic hardship, relative deprivation, self-esteem, and NSSI. The results verified that relative deprivation mediated the positive link between family economic hardship and NSSI. Additionally, self-esteem moderated the effect of family economic hardship on relative deprivation. Adolescents possessing high self-esteem reported lower relative deprivation compared to those possessing low self-esteem, regardless of their level of family economic hardship. Notably, the mitigating effect of high self-esteem diminished with high family economic hardship. These findings provide deeper insights into the mechanisms by which family economic hardship affect adolescent NSSI, and have practical implications for prevention and intervention strategies targeting this behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The Physical Self has been defined as the set of perceptual, descriptive, and evaluative aspects that each person uses to describe his or her physical domains. The Revised Physical Self-Perception Profile questionnaire (PSPP-R) is a self-reported measure of physical self-concept domains, including a Perceived Importance Profile questionnaire that assesses the subjective importance assigned to physical domains. Although the PSPP-R has been validated in several countries, it has not been validated in the Italian context. The present study aimed to test the psychometric properties of the Italian version of the PSPP-R with the PIP in order to provide, for the Italian context, a comprehensive instrument for understanding the development of the Physical Self and global self-esteem dimensions. Methods: The factor structure, internal consistency, temporal stability, and criterion validity of the Italian version of the PSPP-R were examined in two independent samples of Italian students (n = 911; 348 males and 563 females) aged 15–20 years attending secondary school. Results: The results demonstrated the validity and reliability of the Italian version of the PSPP-R, as well as its hierarchical structures. Conclusions: In psychological and educational settings, the Italian version of the PSPP-R can be used to examine the physical self-concept of Italian adolescents and young adults, allowing for the exploration of the interplay of competence and importance in physical domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depression is a common issue among illicit drug users. However, the interaction between addiction memory, family functioning, and depressive symptoms remains insufficiently examined. This study investigates the relationship between addiction memory, family functioning, and depressive symptoms, with self-esteem serving as a mediator. A random sample of 600 illicit drug users from Hubei, China, was evaluated using the Addiction Memory Intensity Scale (AMIS), Family APGAR Index, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). A factorial algorithm was used to parcel the AMIS, PHQ-9, and RSES items, and structural equation modeling was applied to examine the mediation effect. The model fit the data well (χ2/df = 2.248, CFI = 0.956, NNFI = 0.966, RMSEA = 0.046, SRMR = 0.040), with significant path coefficients (p < 0.05). Addiction memory was positively correlated with depression (β = 0.195, p < 0.001), while family functioning negatively correlated with depression (β = −0.113, p = 0.008). Both addiction memory and family functioning indirectly influenced depression through self-esteem, with mediating effects equal to 1.154 (95% CI: 0.106 to 0.209) and −0.097 (95% CI: −0.154 to −0.047). These findings suggest that interventions targeting addiction memory and family functioning may alleviate depressive symptoms by improving self-esteem among illicit drug users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual minority women (e.g., lesbian, bisexual, pansexual) have increased risk of experiencing various mental health problems compared to sexual minority men and heterosexual individuals. Sexual minority women (SMW) have also been found to have lower self-esteem than heterosexual women, which could contribute to poorer mental health. Previous findings suggest that role models could potentially be used to improve LGBTQ+ wellbeing. The current exploratory study investigated SMW's experiences about the impact of role models or the lack of them and their views about how role models could be used to increase the self-esteem of SMW in potential interventions. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 17 SMW. Using thematic analyses, four themes about characteristics of role models were developed: "Similar to me", "Self-confident about being different", "Strong and kind", and "Source of learning and support". Three themes about the impact of role models were identified: "Increased self-esteem", "Inspiring personal growth", and "Lack of role models: I don't belong". Content analyses indicated a wide range of ideas about how role models could be used within individual or group self-esteem interventions. Future research could apply these findings to develop or enhance interventions to increase the self-esteem of SMW. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We assessed, with validated instruments, whether family atmosphere, religiosity or lifestyle were significant correlates of self‐esteem and/or self‐control among adolescents (Grades 7–12, n = 2067) in Saudi Arabia. Participants' mean age was 15.5 years; 64% were boys. Higher scores in family atmosphere and religiosity and having fewer lifestyle risk factors were significantly related to higher self‐esteem and self‐control scores (p <.05; adjusted linear regression models). The odds of scoring low (below median) in both self‐esteem and self‐control decreased incrementally across the increasing quartiles of family atmosphere and religiosity; the odds decreased incrementally across decreasing number of lifestyle risk factors (p <.05; adjusted multinomial regression). Programmes supporting healthy lifestyles, positive family environments and religiosity may boost self‐esteem and self‐control among adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non‐suicidal self‐injury (NSSI) is an emerging concern in the field of public health. The objective of this study is to develop a conditional process model to investigate the relationship between social anxiety and NSSI, and the role of impulsiveness and self‐esteem in this relationship. A convenience sample of 2717 university students (Mage = 19.81, 22.49% male) from Southern China was recruited. The age range of the participants is between 18 and 25 years. The data were analysed using Spearman correlation analysis, mediation analysis and moderation analysis. The study revealed a positive correlation between social anxiety and NSSI, with impulsiveness serving as a mediating factor in this association. The relationship between social anxiety and NSSI, impulsiveness and social anxiety, impulsiveness and NSSI were all found to be moderated by self‐esteem. The prevalence of NSSI among college students exhibited a strong association with social anxiety and impulsiveness. The present investigation additionally demonstrated that there was no significant association between social anxiety, impulsivity and NSSI when high self‐esteem was included. This finding implies that self‐esteem plays a crucial role in safeguarding against NSSI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Women feel under pressure because of marriage issues that affect their lives. Marriage and divorce are important events that change people's lives affecting their health, economic condition and well-being in addition to reflecting social and cultural concerns in Eastern Arab societies. The objectives of the study are to assess the quality of life (QoL), self-esteem and body image perception (BIP) according to marital status in employed women in Zagazig University. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed including 216 employed women in administrative departments in faculties of Zagazig University. A structured Arabic questionnaire was used consisting of four parts: Sociodemographic data, quality of life using Arabic version of (WHOQOLBREF) questionnaire, women self-Esteem using Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSS), BIP, and body image satisfaction using modified body image figure scale adapted from (Stunkard Figure Rating Scale). Results: Regarding QoL, 62.1% of married women had moderate QoL, while 47.2% of single women had high self-esteem, 76% of divorced women correctly estimated their body images and 30.6% of single women were satisfied with their body images. There was a substantial relationship between self-esteem and QoL for different marital status except in divorced women. There was a remarkable association between BIP and QoL in widow women (r=-0.531, p-value=0.041). There was a significant link between body image satisfaction and QoL in single and divorced women (r=0.438&0.404, p-value=0.007&0.045) respectively. Conclusion: Quality of life is affected by marital status, while self-esteem and body image perception are not affected by marital status of employed women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Previous research has observed positive associations between perceived quality of social support and mental well-being. Having access to functional social support that provides sources of care, compassion and helpful information have shown to be beneficial for mental health. However, there is a need to identify the psychological processes through which functional social support can elicit therapeutic outcomes on mental well-being. Aims: The present cross-sectional study aimed to examine the extent to which self-efficacy and self-esteem mediated the association between functional social support and mental well-being. Method: Seventy-three people with a mental health diagnosis, who attended group-based activities as facilitated by a third sector community mental health organisation, took part in the present study. Participants were required to complete measures that assessed perceived quality of functional social support, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and subjective mental well-being. Results: A multiple mediation analysis revealed that self-efficacy and self-esteem fully mediated the positive association between perceived functional social support and mental well-being. Conclusions: The implications of these results are that social interventions, which aim to facilitate the delivery of functional social support, could enhance mental well-being via their positive effects on self-efficacy and self-esteem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to examine the prevalence of dyslexia, mental health problems, and character strengths among primary school students in northwest China. Method: Primary school students (N = 2,322) were assessed for dyslexia, strengths and difficulties, self-esteem, bullying, depression, anxiety, and character strengths. The Student's t-test and χ2 test were used to compare continuous and categorical variables between students with and without dyslexia. Results: The estimated prevalence of dyslexia ranged from 4.9% to 6.9% and was highly prevalent among boys. Students with dyslexia reported statistically higher mean scores for emotional symptoms, conduct behaviours, internalizing and externalising problems, as well as total difficulties. Conversely, they exhibited lower levels of prosocial behaviour, expressed lower self-esteem, and reported higher instances of being bullied. Additionally, the prevalences of depression and anxiety symptoms were 36.5% and 26.3%, respectively, among dyslexic students. Signature strengths among students with dyslexia included appreciation of beauty and excellence, love, hope, forgiveness, and judgement. Conclusions: These findings underscore dyslexia's impact on mental health and academic performance in China. Implementing character strength-focused interventions could enhance well-being and academic outcomes among dyslexic primary school students. Key Points: What is already known about this topic: The global prevalence of dyslexia was recognised; however, research in northwest China is overlooked. Dyslexia impacted on both mental health and academic progress among children. Enhance character strengths could foster resilience and well-being. What this topic adds: This study addressed the under-recognition of dyslexia by reporting a 5.9% dyslexia prevalence among primary school students in Yinchuan city, northwest China. The mental health and character strengths of primary school students were comprehensively explored, which revealed higher difficulties and mental health problems but also unique strengths in dyslexic students. Integrated mental health interventions are advocated by emphasising early dyslexia identification and recommending character strength promotion for all students to realise the potential benefits of academic and mental well-being in all students, especially young students with dyslexia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]