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111. Influence of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Nurses dealing with COVID-19 Patients (A Study on Nurses within Karachi)

Author

U. Amen, Z. Rajwani, U. Sumayya, R. Haroon, N. Mushtaq, and S. Sharif

Abstract

Background: Globally Corona virus (COVID-19) has become a huge challenge for all of the population. In South Asia, country Pakistan city Karachi the 1st case of this breakdown was identified on 26th February 2020 (Waris et al., 2020). This disease has developed psychological distress among all the population. COVID virus is one of the leading threats to all the healthcare organizations and due to increase rate of patients day by day, it has given enormous burden to all healthcare workers especially nurses the front line fighters who are always ready to give care towards the patient whom they encountered so it’s very crucial part to assess the impact of COVID -19 on the mental health of the nurses. Objective: The objective of the study is to identify the frequency level of stress, anxiety and depression among nurses while dealing with those patients who were admitted in various hospitals in Karachi for treatment of COVID-19. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 20th November to 31st December 2020 from different hospitals in Karachi, Pakistan. Those Registered nurses who were assigned in isolation ward of Covid-19 were the part of the study. For data collection survey form was designed based on Depression Anxiety Stress scale (DASS-21) scale (Lovibond & Lovibond 1995). Results: The total mean score of depression among nurses was 50 (68%), Anxiety was 32 (43%) and stress was 34 (46%). 50 nurses suffered from moderate depression, 24 nurses reported from extremely severe anxiety and 50 nurses suffered from moderate stress level. From 74 participants 41(55.4%) were females and 33 (44.6%) were males. Furthermore, it shows that 25 (76%) males and 25 (61%) females suffered from moderate depression, 32 nurses 14 (42%) male and 18(43.90%) females reported from extremely severe anxiety. Conclusion: This pandemic is highly complex, contagious and vulnerable. The study results portrait that nurses working with COVID-19 patients have affected a lot of various psychological distress such as anxiety, stress, and depression. It is very vital for higher management to take major steps and take preventive intervention which would be beneficial towards their mental health in decreasing negative psychological outcomes, because they all are working under pressure environment. Key Words: Stress, Anxiety, Depression, Pandemic, Registered Nurse

Published
2021

134. The requirements of cultural changes through fame in cyberspace

Author

M.A. Taleghani, S. Sharifi, M. Shahnoshi, and R. Ebrahimzadeh Dastjerdi

Subjects
cultural changes, structural requirements, content requirements, cyberspace, celebrity, History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, AZ20-999, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

Managing cultural changes in the virtual space is inevitable since it is a place of conflict between power flows, especially the reputation system. Achieving desirable and sustainable cultural changes requires attention to changeability requirements. It means that ignoring these requirements can affect the process and content of changes. Based on this, the purpose of this article is to investigate and answer the question: What are the requirements of cultural changes through the fame of celebrities in the virtual space? The research is based on Husserl's descriptive phenomenology as well as Colaizzi's method (1978). The research population is those who are active in various fields of science, art, sports, and virtual space activism. Semi-structured and in-depth interviews were conducted with 16 people as a research sample using the criterion-dependent purposeful sampling method until the level of data saturation. The data were validated through external auditors, returning to the interviewees, and in-depth descriptions. The findings showed that the requirements of cultural changes through celebrities in the virtual space can be found at structural and content levels: in the dimensions of optimal networking, control of structural resistance, family changes, and social capital building in the form of structural requirements, and in the dimensions of cultural flow, cultural leadership and attention to social status in the form of content requirements. The results, in addition to showing the role of celebrities in cultural changes, emphasize the factors facilitating the influence of celebrity culture in the Iranian society.

Published
2024
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135. Investigation of Brown Rice Losses in the Paddy Drying Process

Author

S. Sharifi, M. H. Aghkhani, and A. Rohani

Subjects
brown rice, crack, drying, losses, paddy milling factory, Agriculture (General), S1-972, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

IntroductionOn the field and in the paddy milling factory dryer losses have always been challenging issues in the rice industry. Different forms of losses in brown rice may occur depending on the field and factory conditions. To reduce the losses, proper management during pre-harvest, harvesting, and post-harvest operations is essential. In this study, different on-field drying and tempering methods were investigated to detect different forms of brown rice losses.Materials and MethodsThe present study was conducted on the most common Hashemi paddy variety during the 2019-2020 season in Talesh, Rezvanshahr, and Masal cities in the Guilan province, Iran with 0.2 hectares and 5 paddy milling factory dryers. On the fields, the method and date of tillage, irrigation, and transplanting used in all experimental units were the same. Moreover, the same amount of fertilizer and similar spraying methods were used across all experiments. For the pre-drying process on the fields, the following three pre-drying methods were applied on the harvest day: A1) The paddies were spread on the cut stems for insolating, A2) The paddies were stacked and stored after being placed on the cut stems for 5h, and A3) The paddies were covered with plastic wrap and stored after 5h of insolating. The first method (A1) is the most common in the area and was chosen as the control treatment. For the second step of the process, the time interval between the on-field pre-drying and threshing was considered: B1) 14 to 19h post-harvest; B2) 20 to 24h post-harvest, and B3) 25 to 29h post-harvest. Afterward, methods A1 to A3 were combined with methods B1 to B3 and feed into an axial flow-thresher at 10 kg min-1, 550 rpm PTO, and two levels of moisture content at 19 and 26 percent (% w.b). The third process was two-stage or three-stage tempering for 10 or 15 hours resulting in four levels (C1 to C4) and was done in the conventional batch type dryer under temperatures of 40 and 50 ˚C and airspeeds of 0.5 and 0.8 m s-1 in paddy milling factories. At the end of each process, a 100g sample was oven-dried for 48h and a microscope achromatic objective 40x was used to detect incomplete horizontal or vertical cracks, tortoise pattern cracks, and immature and chalky grains. The equilibrium moisture content was determined to be 7.3 percent. Losses properties were analyzed using a completely randomized factorial design with a randomized block followed by Tukey's HSD test at the 5% probability and comparisons among the three replications were made.Results and DiscussionResults demonstrated that the stack and plastic drying methods significantly increased the percentage of losses. In the plastic drying method, the percentage of chalky grains and tortoise pattern cracks was higher than other forms of loss. In the first process, irrespective of the pre-drying method, the losses were reduced at a lower level of moisture content. At the end of the first stage, losses in the spreading method were significantly lower at 19% moisture content. Threshing the plastic-wrapped paddies after 14 to 19 hours at 19% moisture content resulted in the maximum threshing loss of 8.446% and over half of the grains were chalky or had tortoise pattern cracks. The threshing loss was halved (4.443%) for paddies threshed 25 to 29h after spreading at a moisture content of 26%. The mean of losses in the second step of the process were 7.229, 5.585, and 5.156% for the time interval between the on-field pre-drying and threshing of 14 to 19h, 20 to 24h, and 25 to 29h, respectively. In the last step of the process in paddy milling factory dryers, there was no significant difference in the minimum percent of losses between 10 and 15 hours of three-stage tempering at 40 °C and with 0.5 m s-1 airspeed. Furthermore, maximum total losses with the most incomplete horizontal and vertical cracks occurred in the two-stage 10h tempering at 50 °C and with 0.5 and 0.8 m s-1 airspeed.ConclusionFood security has always been a critical matter in developing countries. Furthermore, identifying the source of losses in the fields and the factories is one way to reduce losses and achieve food security. Stacking or wrapping the paddies in plastic after pre-drying on the fields for 5h is not recommended in terms of its effect on increasing the percentage of brown rice losses. Additionally, due to the importance of factory dryer scheduling in the management of the losses, it is recommended to use a three-stage 10h tempering at 40 °C and with 0.5 m s-1 airspeed.

Published
2024
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143. Performance Analysis of Coherent and Noncoherent Modulation Under I/Q Imbalance Effects

Author

George K. Karagiannidis, Bassant Selim, Paschalis C. Sofotasios, Bayan S. Sharif, Thanos Stouraitis, Sami Muhaidat, Naofal Al-Dhahir, Tampere University, and Electrical Engineering

Subjects
General Computer Science, Computer science, I/Q imbalance, 02 engineering and technology, noncoherent detection, Interference (wave propagation), Reduction (complexity), Signal-to-noise ratio, 0203 mechanical engineering, RF impairments, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Electronic engineering, General Materials Science, 213 Electronic, automation and communications engineering, electronics, Transmitter, General Engineering, 020206 networking & telecommunications, 020302 automobile design & engineering, Moment-generating function, TK1-9971, coherent detection, Modulation, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Transceiver, Multipath propagation, symbol error rate
Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the effects of in-phase/quadrature-phase imbalance (IQI) on the performance of different modulation schemes under multipath fading channels. In particular, a comprehensive framework for the analysis of coherent and noncoherent modulation with IQI is proposed. Specifically, new moment generating function (MGF) expressions for both point-to-point and multiple antenna systems are derived for the cases of transmitter IQI, receiver IQI, and joint transmitter/receiver IQI. Based on the derived MGFs, new analytical expressions for the corresponding symbol error rate (SER) are derived and are subsequently used to provide deep insights into the effects of IQI on the system performance. It is shown that, while in some cases the SER performance degradation due to IQI is marginal, in other cases, this impairment is more pronounced. Accordingly, IQI compensation is of paramount importance as it can guarantee a reliable communication link. This is particularly important in demanding communication technologies where reduction of latency and complexity are essential. publishedVersion

Published
2021

149. The effect of cooling on machining and phase transformation responses of Ni-rich NiTiHf high-temperature shape memory alloy

Author

Y. Kaynak, E. Taşcıoğlu, S. Sharif, M.A. Suhaimi, O. Benefan, and Kaynak Y., Tascioglu E., Sharif S., Suhaimi M. A., Benefan O.

Subjects
MÜHENDİSLİK, İMALAT, Strategy and Management, DRY, Mühendislik, General Engineering, ENGINEERING, Mühendislik, Bilişim ve Teknoloji (ENG), Management Science and Operations Research, Phase transformation, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, TOOL-WEAR, ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING, CARBIDE, Physical Sciences, High-temperature shape memory alloy, NiTiHf, Engineering and Technology, Cryogenic machining, Mühendislik ve Teknoloji, Engineering, Computing & Technology (ENG), Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality, Engineering (miscellaneous), Machining performance, BEHAVIOR
Abstract

© 2022A Ni-rich Ni50.3Ti29.7Hf20 (at. %) high-temperature shape memory alloy was machined under different cooling conditions, specifically cryogenic cooling and flood cooling, and results were compared with those from dry machining. The effects of cooling on machinability measures such as tool wear, cutting forces and surface quality were evaluated for various cutting speeds. Microhardness, phase transformation temperatures and latent heat of transformation corresponding to the machined specimens were determined using hardness and differential scanning calorimetry tests. Cryogenic cooling was found to notably improve the machinability of the Ni-rich NiTiHf alloy by reducing tool wear, cutting force and surface roughness. This study provides clear indication that the machining process alters the phase transformation temperature of the Ni-rich NiTiHf alloy. After the machining process, austenite finish temperature of specimens increased by 5–10% depending on the machining conditions. The smallest amount of latent heat required for transformation (ΔH) was obtained for each of the two specimens: 2.33 J/g (exothermic) for the cryogenically machined specimen and 3.38 J/g (exothermic) for the specimen machined under flood cooling.

Published
2022

150. The contribution of white matter pathology, hypoperfusion, lesion load, and stroke recurrence to language deficits following acute subcortical left hemisphere stroke

Author

Massoud S. Sharif, Emily B. Goldberg, Alexandra Walker, Argye E. Hillis, and Erin L. Meier

Subjects
Stroke, Language Disorders, Multidisciplinary, Leukoaraiosis, Aphasia, Humans, White Matter, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Language
Abstract

Aphasia, the loss of language ability following damage to the brain, is among the most disabling and common consequences of stroke. Subcortical stroke, occurring in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and/or deep white matter can result in aphasia, often characterized by word fluency, motor speech output, or sentence generation impairments. The link between greater lesion volume and acute aphasia is well documented, but the independent contributions of lesion location, cortical hypoperfusion, prior stroke, and white matter degeneration (leukoaraiosis) remain unclear, particularly in subcortical aphasia. Thus, we aimed to disentangle the contributions of each factor on language impairments in left hemisphere acute subcortical stroke survivors. Eighty patients with acute left hemisphere subcortical stroke (less than 10 days post-onset) participated. We manually traced acute lesions on diffusion-weighted scans and prior lesions on T2-weighted scans. Leukoaraiosis was rated on T2-weighted scans using the Fazekas et al. (1987) scale. Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) scans were evaluated for hyperintense vessels in each vascular territory, providing an indirect measure of hypoperfusion in lieu of perfusion-weighted imaging. Compared to subcortical stroke patients without aphasia, patients with aphasia had greater acute and total lesion volume, were older, and had significantly greater damage to the internal capsule (which did not survive controlling for total lesion volume). Patients with aphasia did not differ from non-aphasic patients by other demographic or stroke variables. Age was the only significant predictor of aphasia status in a logistic regression model. Further examination of three participants with severe language impairments suggests that their deficits result from impairment in domain-general, rather than linguistic, processes. Given the variability in language deficits and imaging markers associated with such deficits, it seems likely that subcortical aphasia is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome with distinct causes across individuals.

Published
2022

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