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Study aim: To assess the effects of a long-term physical exercise program on balance, physical conditioning, and health perception in elderly women. Material and methods: The sample, 143 elderly women, were randomly assigned to an experimental group (EG; n = 71; age: 71.62 ± 4.96 years) and control group (CG; n = 72; age: 72.89 ± 5.40 years). The EG was submitted to a 32-week physical exercise program (3×/week, 60 min/session). Balance and physical conditioning were assessed through the 10-step in a straight-line test, the unipedal balance test (UBT), the timed up and go (TUG) test, and the 30-second chair stand test (30s CST). Health perception was evaluated by a questionnaire. Results: Repeated measures ANOVA (2×3) revealed significant improvements (p < 0.05) in TUG and 30s CST in the EG from the pre- to the post-test and when compared to the CG in the post-test. There were significant increases (p < 0.05) in health perception, 10-step test, and UBT in the EG, and significant improvements (p < 0.05) in these EG variables when compared to the CG in the post-test. Conclusions: Participating in the exercise program resulted in improvements in balance, muscle strength, agility, and health perception in the elderly of the present study.

Objetivo: analisar os dados na literatura do período 2015-2020 sobre os efeitos de distintos exercícios físicos na densidade mineral óssea (DMO) em adultos mais velhos e classifica-los de forma quantitativa. Métodos: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, em que na seleção dos artigos, utilizou as plataformas de dados SCIELO, PUBMED, LILACS e BVS. Resultados: foram selecionados quatorze estudos categorizados a seguir: A – treinamento resistido isolado (TRI); B- plataforma vibratória (PV); C- Exercícios multicomponentes (EM). Conclusão: exercícios físicos podem ter um impacto positivo na DMO, especialmente nas mulheres. Assim, programas de treinamento com mais de um tipo de exercício, usando a PV e também o TRI demonstraram melhores resultados para a DMO no período estudado. Observou-se ainda, que as regiões mais incidentes foram: coluna lombar, colo do fêmur e quadril total. Além disso, não foi possível classificar quantitativamente os métodos de exercícios, devido as diferentes formas metodológicas de abordar os métodos de treinamento.

Lay abstract Low back pain (LBP) is one of the factors that hinders the routine and productivity of women. LBP can cause functional disability and negatively interfere with work activities. The increase in pain can be caused by mechanical postural factors (such as behavioral habits), traumatic (such as accidents), and psychosocial factors (such as physical inactivity). Chronic LBP can influence behavioral aspects due to adaptations of pain feedback, such as postures to avoid pain and sedentary lifestyle. In this study, we observed that duration of LBP was related to higher levels of creatine kinase, which is an enzyme of our body that can be related to tissue damage. Moreover, the abdominal circumference, due to the accumulation of fat in this region, presented correlation with higher levels of tissue damage by creatine kinase and longer exposure time with LBP.

Alternative protocols for the treatment of skin lesions have been developed with the use of techniques such as photobiomodulation and phytotherapy, aiming to optimize this process. To evaluate the effectiveness of copaiba (Copaiferalangsdorffii) oil-resin and low-level laser therapy for treating cutaneous wounds, 15 Wistar rats (Rattusnorvergicus) were used, in whom five 8-mm lesions were produced. The following protocols were applied: negative control group (T1); positive control group (T2); laser therapy with AsGa (904 nm), continuous, focal mode for 10 s, dosage of 4 J/cm² (T3); copaiba oil-resin (T4); and association group (copaiba and low-level laser) (T5). The efficacy of each technique was evaluated based on macroscopic aspects of the lesion, wound healing rate, and histopathological analysis (inflammatory infiltrate and collagen expression). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical analyses (P> 0.05). Copaiba treatment showed an advantage in type III collagen expression, whereas laser therapy demonstrated an enhanced capacity for tissue regeneration. The significant advantage obtained from the association treatment is the improvement of the macroscopic aspect of the wound, with a reduction in crust formation.

Introduction: The improvement of aerobic and anaerobic capacity in athletes of different sports is related to high-intensity exercise performance, which causes cellular microlesions and leads to an inflammatory process necessary for muscle adaptation. Biochemical markers, such as creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), have been used to measure muscle and inflammatory damage to identify the physiological response and improving sports performance. Objective: To describe the changes in the CK and LDH biomarkers after interval running at high intensity. Methods: We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines and registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020201678), with a literature search, in February 2021, in the Medline, Lilacs, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and Scielo databases. We used the descriptors “HIIT”, “L-Lactate Dehydrogenase”, “Creatine Kinase” and their synonyms, available in the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Results: From the 80 studies found, 6 met the inclusion criteria. Of these, four studies showed significant increases in CK and LDH simultaneously, while one study observed a significant increase only in CK and the other study only in LDH. The increases in biomarkers occurred at different magnitudes. The studies’ protocols and the sample characteristics showed high heterogeneity. Conclusion: High-intensity interval running can acutely elevate CK and LDL levels, making them excellent markers for injury risk and exercise load dosing.

The disease caused by the new type of coronavirus, Covid-19, has posed major public health challenges for many countries. With its rapid spread, since the beginning of the outbreak in December 2019, the disease transmitted by SARS-CoV-2 has already caused over 2 million deaths to date. In this work, we propose a web solution, called Heg.IA, to optimize the diagnosis of Covid-19 through the use of artificial intelligence. Our system aims to support decision-making regarding to diagnosis of Covid-19 and to the indication of hospitalization on regular ward, semi-ICU or ICU based on decision a Random Forest architecture with 90 trees. The main idea is that healthcare professionals can insert 41 hematological parameters from common blood tests and arterial gasometry into the system. Then, Heg.IA will provide a diagnostic report. The system reached good results for both Covid-19 diagnosis and to recommend hospitalization. For the first scenario we found average results of accuracy of 92.891%±0.851, kappa index of 0.858 ± 0.017, sensitivity of 0.936 ± 0.011, precision of 0.923 ± 0.011, specificity of 0.921 ± 0.012 and area under ROC of 0.984 ± 0.003. As for the indication of hospitalization, we achieved excellent performance of accuracies above 99% and more than 0.99 for the other metrics in all situations. By using a computationally simple method, based on the classical decision trees, we were able to achieve high diagnosis performance. Heg.IA system may be a way to overcome the testing unavailability in the context of Covid-19. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

This article aimed to identify general characteristics, etiology, and location of injuries in Judo athletes. A systematic literature search was carried out up to July 2020 on the databases MEDLINE (via PubMed), LILACS (via BVS), and Science Direct to find studies that focused on the type, location, and causes of injuries in Judo athletes of both sexes and older than 18 years old. The following data were extracted from the studies: author/year, study country, sample size, competition level, injury type, location, and context of the injury. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed by the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool. A total of 727 studies were retrieved from the databases and 12 were selected. The selected studies involved athletes from national and international levels. The situation of training and competition was the most cited context of injury. Considering injury etiology, the location was generalized in most of the studies and the more frequent injury types were: sprains, strains, dislocations, and fractures. In relation to severity, head and neck injuries were described in 66% of the studies. Our results suggest higher awareness related to technical learning strategies to Judo practitioners that is independent of skill level. Since injury etiology is a multifaceted process, increased efforts must be invested to lower or avoid more severe injuries that are more prone to produce negative outcomes like death or disabilities. Resumen. El objeto de este estudio consiste en identificar las características generales, etiología y ubicación de las lesiones en los deportistas de Judo. Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda bibliográfica sistemática hasta julio de 2020 en las bases de datos MEDLINE (a través de PubMed), LILACS (a través de BVS) y Science Direct para encontrar estudios que se centraran en el tipo, la ubicación y las causas de las lesiones en los atletas de Judo de ambos sexos y sexos mayores de 18 años. Se extrajeron los siguientes datos de los estudios: autor/año, país del estudio, tamaño de la muestra, nivel de competencia, tipo de lesión, ubicación y contexto de la lesión. La calidad metodológica de los estudios incluidos se evaluó mediante la herramienta Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). Se recuperaron un total de 727 estudios de las bases de datos y se seleccionaron 12. Los estudios seleccionados involucraron a deportistas de nivel nacional e internacional. La situación de entrenamiento y competición fue el contexto de lesión más citado. Teniendo en cuenta la etiología de la lesión, la ubicación fue generalizada en la mayoría de los estudios y los tipos de lesión más frecuentes fueron: esguinces, distensiones, luxaciones y fracturas. En relación con la gravedad, las lesiones de cabeza y cuello se describieron en el 66% de los estudios. Nuestros resultados sugieren una mayor conciencia relacionada con las estrategias de aprendizaje técnico para los practicantes de Judo que es independiente del nivel de habilidad. Dado que la etiología de las lesiones es un proceso multifacético, se deben invertir mayores esfuerzos para reducir o evitar lesiones más graves que son más propensas a producir resultados negativos como muerte o discapacidades.

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the effects of the back-squat exercise on the lower limb myoelectric activity in trained men. Methods: We conducted a systematic review following the recommendations of PRISMA. Medline (PubMed), Scielo, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Lilacs databases were searched. The search terms included electromyography, exercise, resistance training, and squat. We included experimental studies that described the back-squat exercise using surface electromyography (EMG) in men experienced in resistance training and back squat exercise at angles from 60º to 90º. Results: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria. The interventions of the included studies ranged from 2 to 7 days. The protocols demonstrated to improve the neuromuscular system and to provide greater acquisition of strength in the muscles involved in performing the back-squat exercise (p < 0.05). Thirty-seven muscles were analyzed, with a predominance of the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, gluteus maximus, and rectus femoris muscles. Conclusion: The studies investigated in this review showed that the back-squat exercise at angles from 60º to 90º increased the lower limb myoelectric activity recorded in loads of 30% and 100% of 1RM in men experienced in resistance training. However, more studies with higher methodological quality are needed in the analysis of the squat exercise to reduce the risk of bias.

O estudo teve como objetivo comparar os aspectos motores entre escolares e crianças que praticam atividade extraclasse de natação. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo comparativo, e a bateria de teste utilizada foi a Escala de Desenvolvimento Motor de Rosa (2002), a partir da qual foram utilizados os testes de motricidade global, equilíbrio e lateralidade. Foram avaliadas 28 crianças, das quais 14 são escolares (3 meninos e 11 meninas) e 14 alunos (7 meninos e 7 meninas) que atuam na escola junto à atividade extra de natação. Os resultados encontrados demonstraram uma diferença significativa no teste de motricidade global e equilíbrio com relação às frequências de execução, sendo favoráveis ao grupo de alunos que praticam atividade extra de natação.

O estudo teve como objetivo comparar o equilíbrio e a motricidade global de escolares praticantes de Educação Física curricular e praticantes de balé como atividade física extracurricular. O estudo foi descritivo comparativo. Foi aplicada a Escala de Desenvolvimento Motor, especificamente os testes de equilíbrio e motricidade global, em 18 crianças na faixa etária de 9 a 11 anos, das quais 9 eram praticantes de balé e 9, não praticantes de atividade física extracurricular. Para a comparação do desenvolvimento motor entre os grupos de estudo, aplicou-se o teste de Fischer. O nível de p

Objective To analyze intensity levels, modalities, types of physical activities, ambient temperature, and hydration levels during stimuli performed in training and competitionof studies that reported episodes of rhabdomyolysis in athletes. Method We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines and registered on PROSPERO, as number CRD42020126107. MedLine (via PubMed), Cochrane, LILACS, SciELO, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, ScienceDirect, and PEDro databases were searched for case reports in which professional athletes, who had a technical team as support, were affected by rhabdomyolysis induced by the practice of physical activity. The descriptors and their synonyms “rhabdomyolysis”, “exercise”, and “athletes”, available in the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), were used. Results After the screening process, 10 studies were includedand analyzed according to the CAse REport (CARE) guidelines.The sports of the case reports were soccer, football, swimming, wrestling, 24-hour cross-country skiing, and mixed martial arts (MMA).The age range of the athletes varied between 16 to 41 years old. The case reports described a total of 17 athletes (14 male and three female).The main aspects related to the diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis were ambient temperature, creatine kinase (CK) levels, the occurrence of renal impairment, and one or more signs of the classical triad (myalgia, dark urine, and muscle weakness). Conclusion It was observed difficulty in identifying concrete parameters to prevent and diagnose the rhabdomyolysis of premature form, however, controlling these variables may increase the chances of treatment success and decrease the risk of sequels.

Principe, V. A., de Souza Vale, R. G., de Castro, J. B. P., Carvano, L. M., Henriques, R. A. P., Lobo, V. J. D. A. E. S., & de Alkmim Moreira Nunes, R. (2022). A computational literature review of football performance analysis through probabilistic topic modeling. Artificial Intelligence Review, 55(2). [Advanced online publication on 4 April 2021]. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-021-09998-8 This research aims to illustrate the potential use of concepts, techniques, and mining process tools to improve the systematic review process. Thus, a review was performed on two online databases (Scopus and ISI Web of Science) from 2012 to 2019. A total of 9649 studies were identified, which were analyzed using probabilistic topic modeling procedures within a machine learning approach. The Latent Dirichlet Allocation method, chosen for modeling, required the following stages: 1) data cleansing, and 2) data modeling into topics for coherence and perplexity analysis. All research was conducted according to the standards of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses in a fully computerized way. The computational literature review is an integral part of a broader literature review process. The results presented met three criteria: (1) literature review for a research area, (2) analysis and classification of journals, and (3) analysis and classification of academic and individual research teams. The contribution of the article is to demonstrate how the publication network is formed in this particular field of research, and how the content of abstracts can be automatically analyzed to provide a set of research topics for quick understanding and application in future projects. authorsversion published

Resistance training has been commonly used as a method of intervention in the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries affecting the knee. Thus, the objective of this systematic review was to identify the methods employed with and without implements in leg press and squat exercises for the maintenance of knee alignment. The literature search was performed in the databases: PubMed, SciELO, and Lilacs. We used the descriptors "muscle strength" and "exercise" and their synonyms, available in the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) and the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), with the terms "valgus knee" and "varus knee". From the 1,117 articles found, eight studies were considered for the review. The included studies had samples composed of young men and women with advanced levels of training. Despite verifying conditions of valgus or varus knee, the studies presented different protocols and assessment methods. The implements comprised physioball, elastic resistance, and wedge. Electromyography and kinematics were used to assess muscle activity and movement patterns. These results reinforced the possibility of using implements to induce muscle and joint actions to reduce varus and valgus conditions. We suggest more studies to define the best strategies to reduce the excessive deviation of the patella in people who have valgus or varus knee.

espanolEl presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar las acciones tacticas ofensivas de la seleccion brasilena de futbol femenino en la Copa del Mundo FIFA® 2019, con 103 secuencias que componen la muestra, durante la competencia. Para la recoleccion de datos, fueron observados y grabados a partir de transmisiones de television los partidos puestos a disposicion por la plataforma InStat®. Todos los datos se ajustaron y analizaron utilizando el lenguaje informatico de acceso libre Python 3.7. Las variables de juego analizadas fueron: tiempo para realizar el ataque, numero de contacto con el balon, numero de balones recibidos/numero de pases, velocidad de transmision del balon, lugar de recuperacion de la posesion del balon, forma de recuperacion de la posesion del balon, lugar de finalizacion de la accion ofensiva y resultado de la accion ofensiva. Para el analisis de los datos se utilizo estadistica descriptiva y las pruebas de Chi-Cuadrado y Kruskal-Walls (p portuguesO presente estudo teve o objetivo de analisar as acoes taticas ofensivas da selecao brasileira de futebol feminino durante a Copa do Mundo FIFA® 2019, com 103 sequencias ofensivas que compoem a amostra no decorrer da competicao. Para a coleta dos dados, fez-se a observacao sistematica dos jogos disponibilizados pela plataforma InStat® e gravados a partir das transmissoes televisivas. Todos os dados foram modelados e analisados a partir da linguagem computacional de livre acesso Python 3.7. As variaveis de jogo analisadas foram: tempo de realizacao do ataque, numeros de contato com a bola, numero de bolas recebidas/numero de passes, velocidade de transmissao da bola, local de recuperacao da posse de bola, forma de recuperacao da posse de bola, local de conclusao da acao ofensiva e desfecho da acao ofensiva. Para analise dos dados, utilizou-se estatistica descritiva e os testes de Qui-Quadrado e Kruskal-Walls (p EnglishThis research aim was to analyze the offensive tactical actions of the Brazilian women's soccer team during four matches at the FIFA® World Cup 2019. For data collection, the games were made available by the InStat® platform and systematically observed and recorded from television broadcasts. All data is modeled and analyzed using the Python 3.7 freely accessible computer language. The game variables were the time of the attack, numbers of contact with the ball, number of balls received / number of passes, speed of transmission of the ball, place of the ball recovery possession, a form of the ball recovery possession, place of finished the offensive action and outcome of the offensive action. The descriptive statistics, and the Chi-Square and Kruskal-Walls tests were used (p

This study aimed to compare the techniques of myofascial release and static stretching on the handgrip strength of jiu-jitsu fighters. Ten jiu-jitsu athletes (age 29.9 ± 7.4 years; height 1.74 ± 0.06 m; body mass 77.50 ± 9.89 kg; BMI 25.63 ± 2.13 kg/m2) from an academy in the Lagos Region, RJ, Brazil, participated in this study. Left handgrip strength (LHS) and right handgrip strength (RHS) were analyzed through a dynamometer. Participants underwent manual myofascial release, myofascial release with suction cups, and maximum static stretching. The techniques were applied in three days with an interval of 1 week each, with random drawing, on the day of the intervention. No significant differences were found between the measurements of the dynamometry values after the manual myofascial release and myofascial release with suction cups; however, the handgrip measures concerning the static stretching were reduced (LHS: p

Aim: To verify the effects of physical exercise on low back pain (LBP) and serum cortisol levels in individuals with chronic LBP. Materials & methods: Randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of exercise on LBP perception and cortisol levels in adults with nonspecific chronic LBP were included. Results: Four randomized controlled trials were included, with a total of 85 participants in the exercise group and 84 in the control group. The interventions reduced -1.61 (95% CI: -2.36 to -0.85) with inconsistency I2 = 72% (p = 0.031) the LBP level and increased 1.05 (95% CI: 0.22–2.32) with inconsistency I2 = 86% (p

A new kind of coronavirus, the SARS-Cov2, started the biggest pandemic of the century. It has already killed more than 250,000 people. Due to this fact, it is necessary quick and precise easily available diagnosis tests. The current Covid-19 diagnosis benchmark is RT-PCR with DNA identification, but its results takes too long to be available. Tests based on IgM/IgG antibodies have been used, but their sensitivity and specificity may be very low when viral charge is reduced. Many studies have been demonstrating the Covid-19 impact in hematological parameters. This work proposes an intelligent system to support Covid-19 diagnosis based on blood testing. We employed a dataset provided by Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, a Brazilian private hospital. The database contains the results of more than one hundred laboratory exams, such as blood count, tests for the presence of viruses such as influenza A, and urine tests, of 5644 patients. Among these patients, 559 of them are infected with SARS-Cov2. We used metaheuristics algorithms to reduce the set of We tested several machine learning methods, and we achieved high classification performance: 95.159% +- 0.693 of overall accuracy, kappa index of 0.903 +- 0.014, sensitivity of 0.968 +- 0.007, precision of 0.938 +- 0.010, and specificity of 0.936 +- 0.011. Experimental results pointed out to Bayes Network as the best configuration. In addition, only 24 blood tests were needed. This points to the possibility of a new low cost rapid test based on common blood exams and intelligent software. The desktop version of the system is fully functional and available for free use.

PurposeIn December 2019, the Covid-19 pandemic began in the world. To reduce mortality, in addiction to mass vaccination, it is necessary to massify and accelerate clinical diagnosis, as well as creating new ways of monitoring patients that can help in the construction of specific treatments for the disease.ObjectiveIn this work, we propose rapid protocols for clinical diagnosis of Covid-19 through the automatic analysis of hematological parameters using Evolutionary Computing and Machine Learning. These hematological parameters are obtained from blood tests common in clinical practice.MethodWe investigated the best classifier architectures. Then, we applied the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) to select the most relevant attributes: serum glucose, troponin, partial thromboplastin time, ferritin, D-dimer, lactic dehydrogenase, and indirect bilirubin. Finally, we used decision trees to build four rapid protocols for Covid-19 clinical diagnosis.ResultsWe developed a web system for Covid-19 diagnosis support. Using a 100-tree Random Forest, we obtained results for accuracy, sensitivity and specificity superior to 99ConclusionBy using a reduced set of hematological parameters common in clinical practice, it was possible to achieve results of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity comparable to those obtained with RT-PCR. It was also possible to automatically generate clinical decision protocols, allowing relatively accurate clinical diagnosis even without the aid of the web decision support system.

Busca-se verificar quais políticas fomentaram o cultivo do trigo brasileiro da década de 1970 em diante e se tais ações resultaram no aumento da produção nacional. Embora o trigo seja a principal cultura de inverno produzida no país, o seu cultivo está majoritariamente situado na região Sul, e o Brasil não consegue atender à sua demanda interna, sendo necessário realizar periódicas importações do produto, sobretudo da Argentina. Descreve-se a importância que as políticas de Crédito Rural, Seguro Rural e de Garantia dos Preços Mínimos (PGPM) exerceram sobre a produção de trigo no Brasil. Como resultado, verificou-se que o trigo ocupou a sétima posição entre as culturas perenes e temporárias no que tange à contratação de crédito rural para custeio em 2019; além disso, entre as dez principais lavouras temporárias, foi o produto com menor volume de crédito por contrato e com o menor volume de crédito por hectare cultivado, o que indica menores investimentos na cultura. Em relação ao seguro rural, nota-se que o aumento na contratação ocorre de maneira reativa às ocorrências adversas da safra anterior, como verificado em 2014. Por fim, a PGPM exerceu efeitos positivos sobre a retomada da produção e a manutenção de agricultores nas regiões Centro-Oeste e Sudeste e no estado da Bahia, sobretudo após a aprovação de preços mínimos diferenciados para essas regiões, a partir da safra 2016/2017.

Este trabalho busca verificar se a produção de trigo expandiu-se para outras regiões, além da região Sul, de forma a tornar o país autossuficiente na oferta do produto. Ainda que o trigo seja o segundo cereal mais produzido no mundo, sua produção é distribuída regionalmente de forma desigual. No caso brasileiro, o país, historicamente, recorre às importações para satisfazer o atendimento da demanda interna. Com a produção concentrada no Sul, a oferta produzida nacionalmente atende à metade do consumo doméstico, e, por esse motivo, o suprimento nacional de produtos derivados está submetido às oscilações de preços internacionais e do câmbio, bem como da disponibilidade da matéria-prima em outros mercados. Este estudo descreve a evolução e o potencial da produção de trigo no Brasil, identificando as políticas que fomentaram o cultivo e as ações que dinamizaram a cadeia produtiva. Ademais, mostra-se a influência da pesquisa e do desenvolvimento no aumento da produtividade e, principalmente, da qualidade do trigo nacional. Por meio da utilização de medidas de localização e especialização, identificou-se que, a partir de 2010, os estados de São Paulo e Minas Gerais elevaram a produção de trigo na região Sudeste, em um movimento de reestruturação e reorganização regional produtiva. Essa restruturação é baseada em ciência e tecnologia, combinadas com a pressão de demanda doméstica pelo produto.

Resumo. Introdução: O treinamento pliométrico (TP) é normalmente utilizado visando a melhoria da impulsão vertical (IV) e o desempenho físico de jogadores de futebol nas categorias de base. Objetivo: Verificar os efeitos do TP sobre a IV em atletas de futebol de campo na faixa etária de 15 a 18 anos de idade. Métodos: Esta revisão sistemática seguiu as recomendações PRISMA. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases científicas LILACS (via BVS), MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane, SciELO, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, CINAHL e SPORTDiscus. A qualidade metodológica dos artigos foi avaliada pela escala de Jadad. A análise do risco de viés foi efetuada através da ferramenta Cochrane. Resultados: Um total de 166 estudos foram encontrados, sendo selecionados 10 artigos, dos quais 7 utilizaram o TP como uma das intervenções e 3 abordaram algum tipo de TP associado com outros métodos. O TP, como única variável ou associado a outros métodos, produziu aumentos sobre a IV. Conclusão: O TP se apresentou como uma ferramenta efetiva para aumentar a IV em jogadores de futebol de campo na faixa etária de 15 a 18 anos, entretanto outros estudos envolvendo diferentes métodos de intervenção devem ser realizados. Resumen. Introducción: El entrenamiento pliométrico (EP) se usa normalmente para mejorar el empuje vertical (EV) y el rendimiento físico de los futbolistas en las categorías de base. Objetivo: Verificar los efectos del EP sobre el EV en jugadores de fútbol en el grupo de edad de 15 a 18 años. Métodos: Esta revisión sistemática siguió las recomendaciones PRISMA. La búsqueda se ejecutó en las bases de datos LILACS (a través de BVS), MEDLINE (a través de PubMed), Cochrane, SciELO, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, CINAHL y SPORTDiscus. La calidad metodológica de los artículos se evaluó mediante la escala de Jadad. Para el análisis del riesgo de sesgo, se utilizó la herramienta Cochrane. Resultados: Se encontraron un total de 166 estudios, de los cuales se seleccionaron 10 artículos, 7 que utilizaron la EP como una de las intervenciones y 3 abordaron algún tipo de EP asociado a otros métodos. El EP, como la única variable o asociado con otros métodos, produjo incrementos sobre la EV. Conclusión: EP se presentó como una herramienta efectiva para aumentar el EV en jugadores de fútbol en el grupo de edad de 15 a 18 años, sin embargo, se deben realizar más estudios que involucren diferentes métodos de intervención. Abstract. Introduction: Plyometric training (PT) is normally used to improve vertical jump (VJ) and physical performance of soccer players in the basic categories. Objective: To verify the effects of PT on VJ in soccer players between 15 and 18 years old. Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA recommendations. The search was carried out on the scientific bases of LILACS (via BVS), MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane, SciELO, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus. The methodological quality of the articles was assessed using the Jadad scale. The risk of bias analysis was analyzed using the Cochrane tool. Results: From the 166 studies found, 10 articles were selected, of which 7 used PT as one of the interventions and 3 addressed some type of PT associated with other methods. TP as the only variable or associated with other methods produced increases over VJ. Conclusion: PT was presented as an effective tool to increase the VJ in soccer players between 15 and 18 years old, however, other studies involving different intervention methods should be performed.

This study aimed to determine the external load demands of elite Brazilian soccer players by position and playing time, using data from global positioning technology (GPS) at a data acquisition frequency of 10Hz from a Polar Team Pro. Twenty-three professional players from a top-flight Brazilian women's soccer team participated in the study. The women were 27.65 ± 4.66 years, 165.35 ± 5.82 cm and 60.91 ± 5.34 kg. Data were collected during two competitions disputed simultaneously, the The São Paulo State Championship and the Brazilian Championship A1 series of 2019. Nine variables related to the external locomotor demand performed by the players in the disputed matches were analyzed. The statistical procedures used were the two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc for data adjustment, and Cohen’s effect size (d), with a p-value < .05 adopted to demonstrate statistical significance. The significant differences in the variables total distance, walking distance, jogging distance, running distance, Sprinting distance, acceleration zone 1, acceleration zone 2, deceleration zone 1 and deceleration zone 2 were analyzed, and the results showed a decrease in the external locomotor demand of the loads during the matches played by these athletes. These results should be used to improve load control and adapt training practices in women's soccer teams. Resumen. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el comportamiento de las demandas de carga externa de los jugadores de fútbol brasileños de élite por posición y tiempo de juego, utilizando datos de la tecnología de posicionamiento global (GPS) a una frecuencia de adquisición de datos de 10Hz de un Polar Team Pro. Veintitrés jugadoras profesionales de un equipo de fútbol femenino brasileño de primer nivel participaron en el estudio. Las mujeres tenían 27.65 ± 4.66 años, 165.35 ± 5.82 cm y 60.91 ± 5.34 kg. Los datos fueron recolectados durante dos competencias disputadas simultáneamente, el Campeonato del Estado de São Paulo y el Brasileño de la serie A1 de 2019. Se analizaron nueve variables relacionadas con la demanda externa de locomotoras realizadas por los jugadores en los partidos disputados. Los procedimientos estadísticos utilizados fueron el ANOVA de dos vías con Bonferroni post hoc para el ajuste de datos, y el tamaño del efecto de Cohen (d), con un valor de p < .05 adoptado para demostrar la significación estadística. Se analizaron las diferencias significativas en las variables distancia caminando, distancia de trote, distancia corriendo, distancia de sprint, zona de aceleración 1, zona de aceleración 2, zona de desaceleración 1 y zona de desaceleración 2, y los resultados mostraron una disminución en la demanda locomotora externa de las cargas durante los partidos jugados por estos Atletas. Estos resultados deberían usarse para mejorar el control de carga y adaptar las prácticas de entrenamiento en los equipos de fútbol femenino.

Resumo. O objetivo do estudo foi estimar aspectos epidemiológicos das lesões em jovens atletas das categorias sub-17 e 20 de futebol. Estudo epidemiológico com acesso ao banco de dados de um clube de futebol, categorias sub-17 e sub-20, quanto às lesões em 2016, dados: posição do atleta, tipos de lesões, locais das lesões, quantidade de lesões, dia de afastamento, meses de afastamento, dia de retorno, meses de retorno, lado e classificação das lesões, dados coletados pela equipe científica, usando a ficha de anotação de lesões da FIFA. Os dados foram analisados na linguagem de programação Python 2.7, na interface gráfica Spyder 3.3.1, com o uso do programa gráfico Anaconda. Houve maior ocorrência para o grau moderado e maior incidência de lesões na quarta-feira e sexta-feira para o dia da liberação. As maiores incidências de lesões foram nos meses de maio e outubro e de liberação março e outubro. A principal lesão foi entorse de tornozelo seguida pela mialgia de adutores. Há destaque para lesão de coxa para defensores e atacantes. A maioria das lesões para todas as posições foram unilaterais. O lado direito do corpo teve maior quantidade de lesões no pé e, em seguida, na coxa, exatamente o oposto do lado esquerdo, onde a maior quantidade de lesões foi antebraço e depois no pé. Com os resultados do presente estudo, pode-se concluir que os jovens atletas das categorias sub-17 e sub-20 tendem a ter lesões moderadas, com incidência principal no tornozelo e mialgias na coxa. Abstract. The purpose of the study was to estimate epidemiological aspects of injuries in young athletes in the under 17 and 20 soccer categories. Epidemiological study with access to the database of a football club, categories U-17 and U-20 regarding injuries in 2016, data: athlete’s position, types of injuries, injury locations, number of injuries, day off, months of leave, return day, return months, side of the weights and classification of injuries, data collected by the scientific team, using the FIFA injury record sheet. The data were analyzed in the Python 2.7 programming language, in the Spyder 3.3.1 graphical interface, using the Anaconda graphics program. There was a higher occurrence for the moderate degree and a higher incidence of injuries on Wednesday and Friday for the day of release. The highest incidence of injuries were in the months of May and October and release in March and October. The main injury was ankle sprain followed by adductor myalgia. Thigh injury is highlighted for defenders and attackers. Most injuries for all positions were unilateral. The right side of the body had the greatest number of injuries to the foot and then to the thigh, exactly the opposite of the left side where the greatest amount of injuries was to the forearm and then to the foot. With the results of the present study, it can be concluded that young athletes in the U-17 and U-20 categories tend to have moderate injuries, with a major incidence in the ankle and myalgia in the thigh.

Background: Physical training based on body weight was practiced by the Roman military in ancient Rome. The use of old calisthenics has been reproduced with high-intensity interval training in several studies in the last years. Objective: The aim of this study is to do a review to identify the variables of calisthenics applied with high-intensity interval training method with the purpose of suggesting a strategy to apply in the training sessions. Method/Design: The search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), LILACS (Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde [Centro Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Información en Ciencias de la Salud]), PUB MED CENTRAL, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases. Results: From the results, common points in the prescription of calisthenic HIIT with regard to “all out” load are observed. Conclusion: Based on the review results, it is suggested a guideline based on a single stimulus time of 30 seconds and differentiated recovery time for different practitioner profiles, as well as regarding the selection of exercises.

Introduction Individuals with schizophrenia tend to have high levels of cortisol and changes in the serotonergic mechanism. However, the effects of aerobic exercises on cortisol and serotonin levels in schizophrenic inpatients are not well established. Objective To evaluate the effects of an aerobic training program on serotonin and cortisol levels in schizophrenic inpatients. Methods Thirty schizophrenic subjects were randomly assigned to an exercise group (EG; n = 15; age: 29 ± 9.08 years; BMI: 23.57 ± 4.33 kg/m2) or a control group (CG; n = 15; age: 33.17 ± 12.8 years; BMI: 22.89 ± 5.68 kg/m2). EG performed an aerobic training program in a cycle ergometer (57% to 67% of the maximum heart rate) for 30 minutes, five days a week, with a total of twenty sessions. The analysis of cortisol (Chemiluminescence Method) and serotonin (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) was performed before and after testing in both groups. The level of significance was of p

Aim: To evaluate pain, flexibility and hydroxyproline (HP) urinary levels in patients with nonspecific low back pain submitted to Global Postural Re-education (GPR) and stretching. Materials & methods: 39 individuals who reported low back pain were randomly assigned to a group submitted to GPR (GPRG) or stretching exercises (SG) for 8 weeks. Pain and flexibility were assessed using the Borg CR10 scale and goniometry, respectively. Results: The GPR group showed a significant reduction in the HP levels and significant improvements in flexibility after the intervention when compared with SG. Both groups presented a significant reduction in HP and pain after the intervention. Conclusion: Both interventions were effective in the treatment of low back pain. However, the GPR method presented better responses than stretching.

Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as relações entre esportividade e traços de personalidade de esportistas eletrônicos amadores do Rio de Janeiro. A amostra foi composta de 36 esportistas eletrônicos amadores, todos residentes na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os instrumentos para coleta de dados foram o Questionário de Personalidade de Eysenck; Questionário de Atitudes no Esporte; e um questionário suplementar de cunho sociodemográfico. O teste de correlação de Spearman mostrou uma correlação negativa moderada da variável idade com os traços de personalidade Psicoticismo (rho= -0,424; p= 0,010) e Neuroticismo (rho= -0,386; p= 0,020), e com a dimensão Convenção (rho= -0,452; p= 0,006). A variável anos de jogo exibiu correlação positiva moderada com a dimensão Antidesportivismo (rho= 0,410; p= 0,013). A variável horas semanais praticadas também acusou uma correlação positiva moderada com o Antidesportivismo (rho= 0,345; p= 0,039). Observou-se uma correlação positiva moderada entre o Psicoticismo e a dimensão Convenção (rho= 0,360; p= 0,031). A Extroversão correlacionou-se positiva e moderadamente com a dimensão Trapaça (rho= 0,351; p= 0,036). O Neuroticismo e as dimensões Empenho (rho= 0,372; p= 0,025) e Convenção (rho= 0,447 p= 0,006) correlacionaram-se de modo positivo e moderado. Conclui-se que os graus de esportividade de esportistas eletrônicos estão relacionados a determinados traços de personalidade.Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between sportsmanship and personality traits of amateur electronic sportsmen from Rio de Janeiro. The sample consisted of 36 amateur electronic sportsmen, all residents at Rio de Janeiro city. The instruments for data collection were the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire; the Sport Attitudes Questionnaire; and a supplementary sociodemographic questionnaire. Spearman's correlation test showed a moderate negative correlation between the age variable and the personality traits Psychoticism (rho= -0,424; p= 0,010) and Neuroticism (rho= -0,386; p= 0,020), and the Convention dimension (rho= -0,452; p= 0,006). The variable years of practice exhibited moderate positive correlation with the dimension Unsportsmanship (rho= 0,410; p= 0,013). The variable hours per week practiced also showed a moderate positive correlation with Unsportsmanship (rho= 0,345; p= 0,039). There was a moderate positive correlation between Psychoticism and the Convention dimension (rho= 0,360; p= 0,031). Extroversion correlated positively and moderately with the Cheat dimension (rho= 0,351; p= 0,036). Neuroticism and the Commitment (rho= 0,372; p= 0,025) and Convention (rho= 0,447 p= 0,006) dimensions were correlated positively and moderately. One concludes that the sportsmanship levels of electronic sportsmen are related to certain personality traits.Resumen: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la relación entre deportividad y rasgos de personalidad de deportistas electrónicos amadores de Río de Janeiro. La muestra consistió en 36 deportistas electrónicos amadores, todos residentes en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro. Los instrumentos para la recolección de datos fueron el Cuestionario de personalidad de Eysenck; Cuestionario de actitudes deportivas; y un cuestionario sociodemográfico suplementario. La prueba de correlación de Spearman mostró una correlación negativa moderada de la variable edad con los rasgos de personalidad Psicoticismo (rho= -0,424; p= 0,010) y Neuroticismo (rho= -0,386; p= 0,020), y con la dimensión Convención (rho= -0,452; p= 0,006). La variable años de juego exhibiero una correlación positiva moderada con la dimensión Antideportividad (rho= 0,410; p= 0,013). Las horas semanales practicadas también mostraron una correlación positiva moderada con la Antideportividad (rho= 0,345; p= 0,039). Hubo una correlación positiva moderada entre el Psicoticismo y la dimensión de la Convención (rho= 0,360; p= 0,031). La Extroversión se correlacionó positiva y moderadamente con la dimensión Trapaza (rho= 0,351; p= 0,036). El Neuroticismo y las dimensiones de Empeño (rho= 0,372; p= 0,025) y Convención (rho= 0,447 p= 0,006) se correlacionaron positiva y moderadamente. Se concluye que los grados de Deportividad de los deportes electrónicos están relacionados con ciertos rasgos de personalidad.

The present study aimed to analyze the hemodynamic variables and the displacement variables, the former being heart rate (meanHR), maximum heart rate (maxHR) and minimum heart rate (HRmin), and the...