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Gingival recession (GR) is considered a public health problem which is highly prevalent across different populations. Accuracy of psychometric properties of prevalence estimates of GR reported in epidemiological studies is important to facilitate setting public health goals, planning of public health programs, implementation of best practices and thereby developing public health policy. However, the reported prevalence estimates are influenced by the methodological variations among different studies, as observed in our recently published systematic review and meta-analysis on the global prevalence of GR. It substantially limits the comparability between studies and inferences about the true global variation in the prevalence of GR are difficult to establish. To address these issues, this commentary suggests to follow the standardized principles related to study design, clinical examination protocol, and characteristics of study subjects in future epidemiological studies on prevalence estimates of GR. Furthermore, the inclusion of additional domains in the reporting data is suggested for a deeper insight into the patterns of GR in different populations. Our suggestions are derived from a pragmatic approach and their consistent implementation would improve the reporting quality and achieve uniformity in future studies, thus benefitting the research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Institute / Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Bingol University / Rectorate and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose This study aimed to determine the incremental value of using a structured report (SR) for US examinations of the pediatric appendix. Materials and Methods Between January 2009 and June 2016, 1150 pediatric patients with suspected appendicitis who underwent US examinations of the appendix were included retrospectively. In November 2012, we developed a five-point scale SR for appendix US examinations. The patients were divided into two groups according to the form of the US report: free-text or SR. The primary clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups, including the rate of CT imaging following US examinations, the negative appendectomy rate (NAR), and the appendiceal perforation rate (PR). Results In total, 550 patients were included in the free-text group and 600 patients in the SR group. The rate of additional CT examinations decreased by 5.3% in the SR group (8.2%, p = 0.003), and the NAR decreased by 8.4% in the SR group (7.8%, p = 0.028). There was no statistical difference in the appendiceal PR (37.6% vs. 48.0%, p = 0.078). Conclusion The use of an SR to evaluate US examinations for suspected pediatric appendicitis results in lower CT use and fewer negative appendectomies without an increase in appendiceal PR.

Introduction. By the time Mongolia joined the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, it was a remarkably agriculture-oriented economy, which made it logical that Mongolian representatives would raise the problems of their national agriculture at meetings and sessions of the Council’s bodies. Goals. The study aims to investigate some specific decisions that facilitated the compilation of the CMEA expert group report dated 12 September 1963, and attempts an analysis of its key provisions. Materials and methods. The paper focuses on archival materials contained in Collections 561 (‘CMEA Secretariat’) and 302 (‘Permanent Mission of the USSR to the CMEA’) of the Russian State Archive of the Economy, as well as files from Collection 10 (‘International Conferences and Meetings’) of the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History. The main research methods employed are the historical-descriptive and historical-genetic ones. Results. The report was prepared by a group of agricultural experts representing CMEA member countries which worked in Mongolia from 13 August to 12 September 1963. The experts’ departure was a consequence of a change in the initial procedure for developing proposals aimed at improving Mongolia’s agricultural production. Conclusions. The CMEA expert group report of 12 September 1963 had a complicated and ornate background be traced back to the 16th Session of the CMEA which admitted Mongolia to the organization. Structurally, it consists of 7 same-type sections describing various areas of assistance to Mongolia’s agriculture. In the course of the works, the expert group reviewed the list and scope of positions for the proposed assistance, and at the same time — most importantly — expert support was provided to meet the requests of Mongolia’s representatives, while the latter were still to defend the implementation of the measures recorded in the Report in the course of coordinating the national economic plans of the CMEA member countries.

The International Network for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Research and Care (INARC) was founded in 2022. INARC's main goals are to offer a platform dedicated to staff members for ALS clinics and research teams who are not physicians. By nurturing experience and expertise exchanges to improve problem solving skills, the ultimate goal is to increase the standard ALS care and research. This brief report aims to describe the formation of INARC, the 2023 INARC meeting, as well as to report topics discussed, lessons learned and challenges raised by INARC members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most breast imaging practices have an organized system for reviewing the results of breast biopsies, assessing radiologic-histologic concordance, and making follow-up management recommendations. Yet, historically, the breast pathology report and radiologic addendum have been separated within the electronic medical record. Having the two entities fused into one integrated diagnostic report (IDR) has provided both a concise summary of the pertinent findings of imaging and histologic examinations related to the patient’s care and clear guidance for treatment and follow-up. Direct correlation between imaging and histologic findings has been shown to decrease discordance between these findings and increase diagnostic accuracy. The IDR is also a useful summary for conferences of tumor boards and multidisciplinary clinics. In addition, the software that is used for generating the IDR is capable of identifying patients who may benefit from clinical trials.

Copyright of Mediterranean Journal of Communication / Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación is the property of Revista Mediterranea de Comunicacion / Mediterranean Journal of Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Scientific studies of perception use motoric reports as the principal means of communicating subjective experience. In such experiments, a widely held and implicit assumption is that the motor action conveys but does not tamper with perceptual experience. We tested nine observers on a luminance detection task in a cross-over repeated measures design. In separate conditions, observers reported their detection via movements of either their hands or eyes. We found only anecdotal evidence for any modality-dependent effect on psychophysical sensitivity. We also reanalyzed an existing dataset from which deployed a similar detection paradigm involving hand and eye reports. In the four paradigm variants tested, we again only found anecdotal evidence for the effect of report modality on psychophysical sensitivity. Both studies reported here provide only anecdotal evidence; thus, whether we can replicate report-dependent perceptual effects still needs to be resolved. We argue why this remains an important question for consciousness research and why it deserves more rigorous and high-powered replication attempts.

Background: Holter monitoring has become available in more centres in sub-Saharan Africa in recent years, but the interpretation of Holter electrocardiogram (ECG) is poorly understood. Material and method: We present a 71-year old man who presented with cardiac failure, had abnormal electrocardiogram and was sent for Holter monitoring. Our report aims to help physicians interpret a Holter ECG report.

Emergency medical services (EMS) to emergency department (ED) handoffs are important moments in patient care, but patient information is communicated inconsistently. The aim of this study was to describe the duration, completeness, and communication patterns of patient handoffs from EMS to pediatric ED clinicians. We conducted a video-based, prospective study in the resuscitation suite of an academic pediatric ED. All patients 25 years and younger transported via ground EMS from the scene were eligible. We completed a structured video review to assess frequency of transmission of handoff elements, handoff duration, and communication patterns. We compared outcomes between medical and trauma activations. We included 156 of 164 eligible patient encounters from January to June 2022. Mean (SD) handoff duration was 76 (39) seconds. Chief symptom and mechanism of injury were included in 96% of handoffs. Most EMS clinicians communicated prehospital interventions (73%) and physical examination findings (85%). However, vital signs were reported for fewer than one-third of patients. EMS clinicians were more likely to communicate prehospital interventions and vital signs for medical compared with trauma activations (p < 0.05). Communication challenges between EMS clinicians and the ED were common; ED clinicians interrupted EMS or requested information already communicated by EMS in nearly one-half of handoffs. EMS to pediatric ED handoffs take longer than recommended and frequently lack important patient information. ED clinicians engage in communication patterns that may hinder organized, efficient, and complete handoff. This study highlights the need for standardizing EMS handoff and ED clinician education regarding communication strategies to ensure active listening during EMS handoff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Financial & Business Studies Journal / Maǧallaẗ Al-Dirāsāt Al-Māliyyaẗ wa Al-Tiǧāriyyaẗ is the property of Beni Suef University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: To examine high school students' disclosure of sexual harassment and abuse (SHA), and awareness of reporting systems and support mechanisms in school among students, leaders, and coaches. Method: Norwegian 17-year-old high school elite athletes (n = 630), recreational athletes (n = 307), and reference students (n = 263) responded to an online questionnaire at two measurement points, 1 year apart (T1 and T2). Leaders and coaches (n = 249) at the participating high schools responded to an adapted version of the questionnaire at T1. Data were analyzed using ANOVA or Welch test, Pearson Chi-Square test, and McNemar test. Results: In total, 11.4 and 34.0% of the adolescents were aware of reporting systems and support mechanisms, respectively, in their schools. Nearly all the leaders, and half of the coaches were aware of these resources. Among the adolescents with lifetime experience of SHA, 20.1% had disclosed their experiences to someone. Girls disclosed more frequently than boys. The elite-and recreational athletes disclosed less often compared with the reference students. A negative change from T1 to T2 was found in disclosure of SHA and awareness of support mechanisms. At T2, 6.5% of the adolescents reported that their school had implemented measures against SHA during the last 12 months. Conclusion: The results emphasize a need for institutional effort to improve information about available report- and support resources and increase the relevance of use of such systems for adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: The Directive 2010/63/EU has been in force for more than a decade and has brought about significant improvements and novel requirements for the welfare of animals used for scientific purposes, while safeguarding research integrity. The Directive sets clear provisions for its scope, the authorization procedures, animal welfare bodies, national committees, cost/benefit analysis, severity classification, retrospective assessment, and statistical reporting, among many others. From this perspective, indicative areas in the existing legislative texts and guidance documents, which may influence animal welfare and scientific integrity, have been identified by the authors. Suggested solutions to address these areas by potential future revisions in the legislation are discussed, with the aim to clarify and simplify them for all actors involved. The Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council has been in force for more than a decade and has brought about significant improvements and novel requirements for the welfare of animals used for scientific purposes, while safeguarding research integrity. The Directive sets clear provisions for its scope, the authorization procedures, animal welfare bodies, national committees, cost/benefit analysis, severity classification, retrospective assessment, and statistical reporting, among many others. From this perspective, indicative areas in the existing legislative texts and guidance documents, which may influence animal welfare and scientific integrity, have been identified by the authors after years of working in this field. Suggested solutions to address these areas by potential future revisions in the legislation or other actions to benefit animal welfare are discussed, with the aim to clarify and simplify them for all stakeholders involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Suicide is a serious public health problems worldwide. Although suicide rates in the eastern Medetranian region are lower than western countries, increasing incidences is reported. This study aims to explore the demographic, clinical characteristics, and associated variables of people died by suicide in Iraq through a limited retrospective sample symbolized as biopsy. Methods: The retrospective analysis included the electronic records of a hundred cases of suicide saved in the archives of the Medico-Legal Directory in Baghdad. Data were extracted from the legal investigation which included police investigations, family reports, and post-mortem reports. Simple descriptive satstistical analyses of the selected data was conducted. Results: It estimated through this study that the crude rate of suicide was 1.75 per 100,000 population which is higher than 1.09/10,000, previously reported by the Iraq national study of suicide 2016. Most cases occurred in ≤ 29 years old, Muslims, city dwellers, and middle-class people aged 29 years or less. The prevalence of suicide was significantly associated with unemployment, good education, and income. The most common methods used were self-burning, gunshot, hanging, and jumping from heights. The reason for taking their own life was unknown for half of the sample. Depression was relatively common, while other mental disorders were of low rate or unrecognized. Family conflicts and environmental stressors were considered as motives. Conclusions: This study exemplifies suicide patterns where young age, female gender, and violent methods are represented more than before, reflecting the impact of environmental and personal stressors and may be related to violence and the post-conflict situation initiated by the 2003 war. Little is known about suicide architecture due to stigma and poor surveillance system. A multidisciplinary suicide prevention strategy is crucial to implement in Iraq's health service. Large-scale studies are called to cover the data gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diagnostic reports are a key outcome of autism assessment services. However, there is limited evidence regarding what key stakeholders, including families, want to see in reports. In this project, 30 parents whose young person had recently received a diagnosis of autism from a Neurodevelopmental Assessment Service in the North East of England took part in a telephone-based interview to explore what they want from a report. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Ten key recommendations for reports were identified. Parents indicated that they want a detailed, balanced, sensitively written report. They highlighted that reports needed to be accessible and clearly structured. In this respect, it might be helpful to include a parent-driven summary of key points at the top, clear signposting of the structure of the report, and a description of what happened in the assessment process. Parents also valued practical, personalised recommendations based on the young person's strengths and difficulties. Future research might explore perspectives on reports in families accessing other services, in other client groups (e.g., families of pre-schoolers diagnosed with autism), and with different stakeholders, including schools, referrers and autistic people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Review of Historical Sciences / Przegląd Nauk Historycznych is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Lodzkiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Conexão Letras is the property of Conexao Letras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) is a vector-borne disease of ruminants in tropical and subtropical areas, leading to significant economic losses to the cattle and milk industry in many countries, including Turkey. Cattle showing high fever, stagnation, and recumbency have been extensively reported in Turkey's south and south eastern regions in 2020. Here, the genetic analysis and molecular epidemiology of the virus obtained from the last BEF outbreak were investigated. Of 32 symptomatic cattle selected from three provinces in Turkey, 23 were positive for bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV), and three entire G genes were identified by sequencing. The new BEFV isolates were genetically similar to some Turkish and Israeli isolates from 2008 and 2012 (>98 nucleotide (nt), 97% amino acid (aa)), and phylogenetic analysis based on the surface glycoprotein (G) gene revealed that BEFV isolates are of Middle Eastern origin. The G protein amino acid alignment showed that BEFV circulated in the same region with minor differences over the years. In this context, we recommend closely monitoring BEF outbreaks in neighbouring countries and prompt vaccination of susceptible cattle in areas at risk for BEFV in Turkey in the event of an outbreak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Littre hernia is a rare type of hernia in which a Meckel diverticulum is found in the hernia sac. Given the rare nature of this disease, little data on demographics and surgical management exists. In this article, we provide a case report of a strangulated inguinal Littre hernia and perform a systematic review of the literature. The PubMed database was searched on 5 March 2022, and all cases of Littre hernia in adults that had English abstracts or full-text were analyzed. Our primary objective was to evaluate the surgical management and outcomes of this particular type of hernia, and our secondary objectives were to assess demographic characteristics, presentation particularities, and recurrence rates. We identified 89 articles with 98 cases, including our own. Results show a high prevalence of complications described intraoperatively, with strangulation being present in up to 38.46% of patients. The laparoscopic approach was utilized in patients with femoral, inguinal, and umbilical hernias. The most commonly performed type of resection was MD resection, followed by bowel resection, while a minority of cases (5.48%) remained unresected. Mesh repair was more frequently performed in patients with MD resection. A mortality rate of 8.7% in patients who underwent bowel resection was found. A relatively high number of reports of ectopic tissue (21.21%), ulceration (12.12%), and tumors (9.09%) were found. The average follow-up was 19.5 ± 10.29 months, with no hernia recurrence. In conclusion, most cases are admitted in an emergency setting, and intestinal obstruction is frequently associated. A minimally invasive approach can be an option even for complicated hernias. MD resection or bowel resection is usually employed, depending on the extent of ischemic lesions. Patients undergoing bowel resection may be prone to worse outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the ultrasound (US) findings independently reported by sonographers with final reports issued by radiologists in a complex working environment of an acute and inpatient US service in a large tertiary teaching hospital. Methods: This study was a prospective review of 1000 unique hospital patients who received 1142 US examinations. Sonographers performed the requested examinations and reported their findings independently before consulting with radiologists. Radiologists reviewed the sonographers' findings, consulted with sonographers, and issued their final reports. Any disagreements between the findings of the sonographer and radiologist were captured, analysed and separated into errors or discrepancies according to commonly accepted definitions. Patient outcomes were determined from electronic clinical records. Results: Examinations were performed by a team of 11 sonographers with a median of 9.5 years of experience and standard US qualifications. Sonographers independently reported 1484 abnormal findings in 268 categories. Radiologists were in complete agreement in 93.6% of cases, 5.3% cases included minor discrepancies and 1.1% of cases contained errors of which sonographers were responsible for 9 and radiologists 7. The severity of errors was comparable between sonographers and radiologists. Conclusion: Sonographers and radiologists demonstrate a high degree of agreement in reporting abnormal US findings. Sonographers and radiologists committed a comparable number of errors, and the error severity scores were also comparable. The customary, routine involvement of a radiologist in the second reading and reporting of all US examinations is unnecessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gingival recession (GR) is considered a public health problem which is highly prevalent across different populations. Accuracy of psychometric properties of prevalence estimates of GR reported in epidemiological studies is important to facilitate setting public health goals, planning of public health programs, implementation of best practices and thereby developing public health policy. However, the reported prevalence estimates are influenced by the methodological variations among different studies, as observed in our recently published systematic review and meta-analysis on the global prevalence of GR. It substantially limits the comparability between studies and inferences about the true global variation in the prevalence of GR are difficult to establish. To address these issues, this commentary suggests to follow the standardized principles related to study design, clinical examination protocol, and characteristics of study subjects in future epidemiological studies on prevalence estimates of GR. Furthermore, the inclusion of additional domains in the reporting data is suggested for a deeper insight into the patterns of GR in different populations. Our suggestions are derived from a pragmatic approach and their consistent implementation would improve the reporting quality and achieve uniformity in future studies, thus benefitting the research in this area.

The relevance of the study is due to the need to conduct an investigation of the conditions, features, and prospects of Ukraine’s European integration during the war, and an examination of the status of a candidate country for EU membership, granted to it on June 23, 2022. The purpose of the study is to establish the conditions and features of Ukraine’s European integration in the context of the war and the problems and requirements that arise on the way to EU membership. Within the framework of the study, the following methods were used: dialectical, historical, and hermeneutical, formal-legal, legal-cognitive, logical, induction and deduction, modelling and system analysis, axiomatic etc. The results of the study are the definition of the main concepts and terms, namely: “European Union”, “European integration”, “status of a candidate for EU membership”; the features and purpose of the activities of European Union are established; the analysis of the European integration process of Ukraine during all the years of its independence is investigated and analysed; the achievements that Ukraine has already accomplished in cooperation with the European Union are clarified; the existing problems and obstacles to joining the European Union are established; the analysis of the features of Ukraine’s European integration in the conditions of war is conducted; the features of the status of a candidate for membership in the European Union is investigated and established; the prospects and advantages that arise in connection with granting Ukraine the status of a candidate country for membership are established; the tasks and conditions that Ukraine must fulfill to join the EU are investigated and clarified; the experience of countries that have joined the European Union is analysed. The provisions in the study are of practical value primarily for the authorities and authorised persons, whose duties include conducting reforms and performing tasks for European integration of Ukraine

Although in Romania the financial audit is at the beginning of the road, the system of legislative regulations of recent years anticipates new trends and the expansion of its role in the next century. The main responsibility in the prevention of fraud and errors, as well as in their detection, belongs to the management of the entity, but at the same time also to those who are entrusted with the governance. These responsibilities may vary from one country to another, or from one entity to another. The management, under the careful supervision of those delegated with governance, must create an appropriate climate, establish and maintain high ethical standards, a culture of honesty and establish the setting of periodic controls to prevent and detect possible fraud and errors at the level the audited entity.

From the text: ''I felt privileged and honoured to have been invited to participate at the International Maritime & Transport Law Course held in Dubrovnik between the 6th and the 11th of September 2021. I accepted with great pleasure and considered it a most appropriate opportunity to share some views and thoughts on what, as a maritime law practitioner, I believe to be one of the most exciting pieces of international law, the drafting of which we are all currently witnessing. It was also the perfect opportunity to inform the audience of the progress that Working Group VI of UNCITRAL, delegated to consider the Beijing Draft on Judicial Sales, was making. I am referring to what we now refer to as the “Draft Convention on the International Effects of Judicial Sale of Ships.''

Robot-assisted transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) for patients with early-stage endometrial carcinoma has not been reported previously. The following case report is a robot-assisted vNOTES for a 32-year-old female with early-stage endometrial carcinom.We successfully performed hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomy with sentinel lymph node mapping,spending 165 minutes and estimated blood loss was 50mL. No significant postoperative adverse events were observed. The good perioperative outcome indicated it is a safe and feasible procedure. Various techniques used for successful completion of the surgery, are described in detail in the following report.

The transfer pricing case is a method that applies to those economic entities that carry out transactions between related parties, as is the case of the economic entity under review in the auto parts industry, in the context of tax authorities not wanting to allow companies to evade paying taxes, thereby taking unfair advantage of low-income jurisdictions or so-called tax havens. Their tax base suffers as a result of companies' use of questionable transfer pricing policies. In the present research we conducted an empirical analysis at a company in the automotive components industry, where we aimed to make a forecast of the gross trade margin based on the volume of expenses and revenues achieved in the first half of the analyzed year, we want to calculate the MoTC forecast until the end of the year.

The International Financial Reporting Standards Board (IFRS) IASB currently works on the draft new IAS 1, which would significantly improve financial reporting regulations. The analysis of this draft allows to conclude that several innovations aimed at achieving this goal simultaneously lead to the emergence of new important problems in the above field reporting. The authors have already addressed to the future IAS 1 in the previous issue of the journal “Accounting. Analysis. Audit”. They paid attention to the connection with the changes in the names of financial reporting forms, regulations for dividing into six categories of income and expenses presented in the statement (reports) of profit or loss and other comprehensive income and expenses, as well as requirements in regarding the methods of recording operating expenses in this statement. This paper studies the remaining problems associated with the innovations of the above project, and to overcome them. The methodological base of the research includes a critical analysis of the content of the above project in the terminology’s results of the study identify the major problems caused by the regulations of the draft new IAS 1, and the rationale for recommendations for their solution. Also, the research will be useful to a wide range of readers interested in reforming approaches to financial reporting, can be used in the practical work of accounting departments, in the educational process of higher educational institutions and in the development and improvement of relevant accounting regulations.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the genre system of the mass media nutritional discourse with a special emphasis on texts dealing with the problem of healthy nutrition. The relevance of this study is due, on the one hand, to the significant growth and development of information technology and the significant role of modern media that influence all areas of society life, and on the other hand, the popularity of ideas and principles of proper nutrition. The purpose of this article is to consider the specifics of the genre space of the English mass media nutritional discourse, as well as to analyze the linguistic features of texts on healthy nutrition. The research material is texts on healthy nutrition published in English journals and posted on the Internet. Based on the results of the analysis of 1,500 mass media texts, and taking into account the subject of discussion, the pragmatics of messages, as well as the way information is represented, the author speaks about the existence of analytical and imperative genres within the mass media nutritional discourse. Analytical genres, which include reviews (food and dishes, cooking methods, etc.) and reports (results of scientific research, experiments, etc.) make up 43.5% of the sample material, they contain an analysis of a phenomenon, its justification and commentary. In turn, imperative genres represented by instructions, primarily culinary recipes, which account for 56.5% of the sample material, are characterized by a special nature and contain a clear algorithm of certain actions necessary for implementation. According to the results obtained, complex sentences, nominal forms and specialized vocabulary (terms, professionalisms, etc.) are common in analytical genres of mass media nutritional discourse, in turn, imperative genres are characterized by the frequency of use of verbal forms, emotional-evaluative vocabulary and expressive language means.

The need to regulate transfer pricing is a subject of international importance due to the needs developed by international corporations. The Transfer Pricing Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises and Tax Administrations made a opinion paper on the transfer pricing system used by transnational companies as early as 1979, and in 1995 made a guidelines on transfer pricing for tax administrations and transnational companies. In the European Union, these operations have become widespread and generate significant losses of tax revenue, leading to an acute need for legislation to normalize these practices. In order to help countries where this issue is frequently encountered, the European Union has come up with a real solution, namely to adopt a common consolidated corporate income tax base.

Abstract Background In 2011, a civil war started in Syria, which is on-going and has reached a death toll of over 400,000 people. Humanitarian organizations, including Aid to The Church in Need (ACN), have strived to provide help and medical support to the civilian victims. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of data gathered in ACN projects in Syria in 2019. The datasets included descriptions of diseases, treatments, costs, cities, and hospitals. For each patient, we assigned the following additional categories: type of help (treatment, diagnosis, or nonmedical), type of treatment (medical or surgical), medical specialty, gross anatomic region, and presence of trauma. Results A total of 3835 patients benefited from ACN support in Syria in 2019. The majority of financial support went towards treatment (78.4%), while other support went towards nonmedical help (15.7%) or providing a diagnosis (5.9%). Among treatments, 66.6% were medical and 33.4% surgical. The most common medical specialty was internal medicine (48.4%), followed by public health (13.7%) and surgery (7.3%). Anatomic region was undefined in 68.3% of cases and, when defined, was most commonly the abdominal cavity and pelvis (13%). The vast majority of cases 95.1%) were not associated with trauma. Procedural costs were highest in the Valley of Christians region, and lowest in Tartous. Network graphs were used to visualize the three most common diagnoses and treatments for each medical specialty. Conclusions The present report describes the treatment of war victims in Syria in 2019. The patients lacked the most basic medical or surgical healthcare. Charity organizations, like ACN, constitute a valuable source of information about the healthcare of war victims. Unfortunately, the methods of describing medical treatment provided to civilian victims remain underdeveloped. Future studies will require the cooperation of healthcare providers, humanists, and social workers. The present findings can help to optimize the provision of humanitarian help by charity organizations, by tailoring projects to the specific needs of Syrian war victims.

OBJECTIVE: Melatonin regulates the mammalian circadian rhythm and plays metabolic functions such as glucose homeostasis. Both melatonin receptors (MTNR1A and MTNR1B, encoded by the MTNR1A and MTNR1B genes, respectively) are expressed in pancreatic beta cells and mediate the glucometabolic roles of melatonin as well as insulin secretion. The MTNR1B gene is a well-known genetic risk factor in type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, little is known about the involvement of the MTNR1A gene in here T2D. We aimed to investigate whether MTNR1A is linked to and/or associated with familial T2D. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We genotyped 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms within the MTNR1A gene in 212 peninsular Italian families with T2D. We performed parametric linkage and linkage disequilibrium analyses to investigate the role of MTNR1A variants in conferring T2D risk. We considered variants statistically significant if conferring linkage or linkage disequilibrium with p < 0.05. RESULTS: We found 3 novel variants (rs62350392, rs2119883, and rs13147179) significantly linked to and/or associated with T2D in multigenerational Italian families. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to report MTNR1A as a novel risk gene in T2D. Functional studies are needed to confirm these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This study aimed to determine the incremental value of using a structured report (SR) for US examinations of the pediatric appendix. Materials and Methods Between January 2009 and June 2016, 1150 pediatric patients with suspected appendicitis who underwent US examinations of the appendix were included retrospectively. In November 2012, we developed a five-point scale SR for appendix US examinations. The patients were divided into two groups according to the form of the US report: free-text or SR. The primary clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups, including the rate of CT imaging following US examinations, the negative appendectomy rate (NAR), and the appendiceal perforation rate (PR). Results In total, 550 patients were included in the free-text group and 600 patients in the SR group. The rate of additional CT examinations decreased by 5.3% in the SR group (8.2%, p = 0.003), and the NAR decreased by 8.4% in the SR group (7.8%, p = 0.028). There was no statistical difference in the appendiceal PR (37.6% vs. 48.0%, p = 0.078). Conclusion The use of an SR to evaluate US examinations for suspected pediatric appendicitis results in lower CT use and fewer negative appendectomies without an increase in appendiceal PR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The widespread use of the lung ultrasound (LUS) has not been followed by the development of a comprehensive standardized tool for its reporting in the intensive care unit (ICU) which could be useful to promote consistency and reproducibility during clinical examination. This work aims to define the essential features to be included in a standardized reporting tool and provides a structured model form to fully express the diagnostic potential of LUS and facilitate intensivists in the use of a LUS in everyday clinical ICU examination. We conducted a modified Delphi process to build consensus on the items to be integrated in a standardized report form and on its structure. A committee of 19 critical care physicians from 19 participating ICUs in Italy was formed, including intensivists experienced in ultrasound from both teaching hospitals and referral hospitals, and internationally renowned experts on the LUS. The consensus for 31 statements out of 33 was reached at the third Delphi round. A structured model form was developed based on the approved statements. The development of a standardized model as a backbone to report a LUS may facilitate the guidelines' application in clinical practice and increase inter-operator agreement. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of standardized reports in critically ill patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In July 2020, the trans influencer Romagaga published an outburst on her social media sharing that her Tinder profile had been deleted by the app. The influencer accused the platform of transphobia, which prompted a series of reactions. As part of an ongoing doctoral research, it was investigated whether the application, through a situated analysis of the report tool, could be considered transphobic and whether there is a material-discursive pattern of permission control for the expression of gender of trans* people on this platform. Among the results, it is highlighted that the signaling options on Tinder are generic and that, from the platform's gender biases, they can provoke a practice of vigilantism and control against dissident profiles, requiring a reformulation that enables the continuous audit of transphobic practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Akofena is the property of Universite Felix Houphouet Boigny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Selcuk Law Review / Selçuk Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Selcuk Law Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article focuses on selected works of twenty-first-century Polish literature, treating them as peculiar accounts (“reports”) about people’s consciousness during rapid civilizational and social changes. These changes include growing wealth inequality or decreasing access to knowledge and power, which affect lifestyle choices, horizons of expectations, and worldviews, thus fostering social exclusion and a growing indifference to the fate of others and the environment. This anthropologizing approach to literary works enables us to notice the scale and direction of the above processes, as well as their social consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]