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Biomass-derived porous carbon materials were selectively and controllably prepared by carbonization of hay slag (HS) and activation with ZnCl2 combined with Mg(NO 3 ) 2 ⋅ 6 H2O. The prepared porous carbon materials had an apparent multi-pore structure and a large specific surface area. In a 6 mol/L KOH with a current density of 0.25 A/g, the specific capacitance of the prepared sample was 220 F/g. Further study showed that the optimal pore size range of porous carbon materials for electrode preparation was 0.8–1.2 nm. At the same time, the porous carbon material had a good adsorption capacity for CO2, and the adsorbent performance was 3.09 mmol/g at 0∘C and 1 bar. Adsorbents with the pore size range of 0.5–0.8 nm had the best CO2 adsorption performance. This integrated strategy study expanded biomass-derived porous carbon materials with controllable pore structures to match different application strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The uniformity, elasticity and hydrophobicity of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS)-based silica aerogels, which were prepared by using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the solvent, were investigated. The as-prepared silica aerogels were characterized by means of scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared, contact angle/interface system and electronic universal testing machine. The hydrophobicity of the MTMS-based silica aerogels could be adjusted by tuning the MTMS/DMSO molar ratios. The water contact angle of the MTMS-based silica aerogels could be as high as 160.2∘, suggesting its superhydrophobic property. It was found that all the MTMS-based silica aerogels had the typical three-dimensional porous structure. The failure strain of MTMS-based silica aerogels could be as high as 66.14%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The infrared opacifiers loaded Al2O3 aerogel-SiO2 fiber mat composites were fabricated by the sol–gel process. The effects of the content of the TiO2 and SiC particles on thermal insulation performance of the Al2O3 aerogel-SiO2 fiber mat composites were studied. The results showed that the optimum doping content of TiO2 and SiC for Al2O3 aerogel-SiO2 fiber mat composites were 10 mol.% and 0.5 mol.%, respectively. The optimum TiO2-Al2O3 aerogel-SiO2 fiber mat composite had the low thermal conductivity of 0.021 W/(m ⋅ K) at 35∘C and 0.031 W/(m ⋅ K) at 600∘C. Meanwhile, the SiC-Al2O3 aerogel-SiO2 fiber mat composite also had the low thermal conductivity of 0.022 W/(m ⋅ K) at 35∘C and 0.025 W/(m ⋅ K) at 600∘C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]