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101. Global trait–environment relationships of plant communities

Author

Esteban Álvarez-Dávila, Maurizio Mencuccini, Zhiyao Tang, Norbert Jürgens, Christopher Baraloto, Robert K. Peet, Jérôme Munzinger, Josep Peñuelas, Peter M. van Bodegom, Erwin Bergmeier, Wim A. Ozinga, Isabelle Aubin, Yadvinder Malhi, Michele De Sanctis, William Farfan-Rios, Marten Winter, Benjamin Blonder, Jordi Sardans, Christian Wirth, Valério D. Pillar, Nicole J. Fenton, Ilona Knollová, Jiří Doležal, Miguel D. Mahecha, Jens Kattge, Marijn Bauters, Zoltán Botta-Dukát, Francesco Maria Sabatini, Jonathan Lenoir, Peter B. Reich, Florian Jansen, Jorcely Barroso, Frédérique Louault, Anne D. Bjorkman, Alvaro G. Gutiérrez, Michael Kleyer, Matteo Dainese, Dylan Craven, Andraž Čarni, Anita K. Smyth, Gunnar Seidler, Idoia Biurrun, Ted R. Feldpausch, Javier Silva Espejo, Helge Bruelheide, Risto Virtanen, Tarek Hattab, Franziska Schrodt, Greg R. Guerin, Sandra Díaz, Anke Jentsch, Jürgen Dengler, Borja Jiménez-Alfaro, J. Hans C. Cornelissen, Kate H. Orwin, Bruno Hérault, Tomáš Černý, Stephan M. Hennekens, Erik Welk, Frederic Lens, Mohammed Abu Sayed Arfin Khan, Jacqueline Loos, Kiril Vassilev, Milan Chytrý, Jonas V. Müller, Christine Römermann, Sylvia Haider, Géraldine Derroire, Marcos Silveira, Greg H. R. Henry, Petr Petřík, Ülo Niinemets, Zygmunt Kącki, Isla H. Myers-Smith, Michael Kessler, Dirk Nikolaus Karger, Evan Weiher, Andrey Yu. Korolyuk, Richard Field, Raquel Thomas, Eric Garnier, Luis Cayuela, Brody Sandel, Cyrille Violle, Jens-Christian Svenning, Corrado Marcenò, Aaron Pérez-Haase, Daniel C. Laughlin, Pedro Higuchi, Jürgen Homeier, Ute Jandt, Fabio Attorre, Karsten Wesche, Norbert Hölzel, Oliver L. Phillips, Ingolf Kühn, Marco Schmidt, Meelis Pärtel, David A. Neill, Maria Sporbert, Mariyana Lyubenova, Oliver Purschke, Arthur Vinicius Rodrigues, Ioannis Tsiripidis, Jan Altman, Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg (MLU), Universität Bayreuth, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), UR Ecol & Dynam Syst Anthropises EDYSAN, UMR CNRS 7058, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, ALTERRA Wageningen, ALTERRA, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte [Natal] (UFRN), Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Fundación Con-Vida, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [Tucson] (EEB), University of Arizona, National Institute of Biology [Ljubljana], Universidad Rey Juan Carlos [Madrid] (URJC), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Department of Microelectronics and Information Technology, Kista Photonics Research Center (KPRC) (KTH), Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), AgroParisTech, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UM3)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Ecosystèmes et Ressources Aquatiques (UR03AGRO1), Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU), Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Zurich, Landscape Ecology Group, University of Oldenburg, Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung (UFZ), Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis, Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University, Unité Mixte de Recherche sur l'Ecosystème Prairial - UMR (UREP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford [Oxford], School of Geosciences [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Universidad Estatal Amazonica, Estonian University of Life Sciences, University of Nijmegen, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CEAB-CSIC, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona [Barcelona] (UAB), Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, University of Tartu, Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, Universität Regensburg (REGENSBURG), Universität Regensburg, Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), Dept Biol Sci, Ecoinformat & Biodivers Grp, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Dept Biol, University of Oulu, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, Department of Botany, Senckenberg Natural History Museum, Synthesis Centre for Biodiversity Sciences, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Philips Research Europe - Hamburg, Sector Medical Imaging Systems, Philips Research, Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058 (EDYSAN), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Helmholtz Zentrum für Umweltforschung = Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés (EDYSAN), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Chercheur indépendant, Department of Ecological Modelling [UFZ Leipzig], Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment [Richmond] (HIE), Western Sydney University (UWS), Bruelheide H., Dengler J., Purschke O., Lenoir J., Jimenez-Alfaro B., Hennekens S.M., Botta-Dukat Z., Chytry M., Field R., Jansen F., Kattge J., Pillar V.D., Schrodt F., Mahecha M.D., Peet R.K., Sandel B., van Bodegom P., Altman J., Alvarez-Davila E., Arfin Khan M.A.S., Attorre F., Aubin I., Baraloto C., Barroso J.G., Bauters M., Bergmeier E., Biurrun I., Bjorkman A.D., Blonder B., Carni A., Cayuela L., Cerny T., Cornelissen J.H.C., Craven D., Dainese M., Derroire G., De Sanctis M., Diaz S., Dolezal J., Farfan-Rios W., Feldpausch T.R., Fenton N.J., Garnier E., Guerin G.R., Gutierrez A.G., Haider S., Hattab T., Henry G., Herault B., Higuchi P., Holzel N., Homeier J., Jentsch A., Jurgens N., Kacki Z., Karger D.N., Kessler M., Kleyer M., Knollova I., Korolyuk A.Y., Kuhn I., Laughlin D.C., Lens F., Loos J., Louault F., Lyubenova M.I., Malhi Y., Marceno C., Mencuccini M., Muller J.V., Munzinger J., Myers-Smith I.H., Neill D.A., Niinemets U., Orwin K.H., Ozinga W.A., Penuelas J., Perez-Haase A., Petrik P., Phillips O.L., Partel M., Reich P.B., Romermann C., Rodrigues A.V., Sabatini F.M., Sardans J., Schmidt M., Seidler G., Silva Espejo J.E., Silveira M., Smyth A., Sporbert M., Svenning J.-C., Tang Z., Thomas R., Tsiripidis I., Vassilev K., Violle C., Virtanen R., Weiher E., Welk E., Wesche K., Winter M., Wirth C., Jandt U., Systems Ecology, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bos- en Landschapsecologie, 01 natural sciences, Ecosystem services, forests, grassland, life history traits, plant dispersal, plants, Forest and Landscape Ecology, Environmental planning, OT PB Vredepeel, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, diversité fonctionnelle, Ecology, Vegetation, Plants, Grassland, économie foliaire, Biogeography, Community Ecology, Ecosystems Research, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Trait, Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie, F40 - Écologie végétale, F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, education, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, Life History Trait, Biology, Sustainability Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, température, Life Science, prédiction, Ecosystem, Forest, 577: Ökologie, Vegetatie, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, climat, Plant Dispersal, Niche differentiation, Plant community, 15. Life on land, Disturbance (ecology), Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Scale (map), 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Plant functional traits directly affect ecosystem functions. At the species level, trait combinations depend on trade-offs representing different ecological strategies, but at the community level trait combinations are expected to be decoupled from these trade-offs because different strategies can facilitate co-existence within communities. A key question is to what extent community-level trait composition is globally filtered and how well it is related to global versus local environmental drivers. Here, we perform a global, plot-level analysis of trait-environment relationships, using a database with more than 1.1 million vegetation plots and 26,632 plant species with trait information. Although we found a strong filtering of 17 functional traits, similar climate and soil conditions support communities differing greatly in mean trait values. The two main community trait axes that capture half of the global trait variation (plant stature and resource acquisitiveness) reflect the trade-offs at the species level but are weakly associated with climate and soil conditions at the global scale. Similarly, within-plot trait variation does not vary systematically with macro-environment. Our results indicate that, at fine spatial grain, macro-environmental drivers are much less important for functional trait composition than has been assumed from floristic analyses restricted to co-occurrence in large grid cells. Instead, trait combinations seem to be predominantly filtered by local-scale factors such as disturbance, fine-scale soil conditions, niche partitioning and biotic interactions.

Published
2018

102. Global variability in leaf respiration in relation to climate, plant functional types and leaf traits

Author

Shuang Xiang, Trofim C. Maximov, Lucy Rowland, Stephen Sitch, Keith J. Bloomfield, Emanuel Gloor, Christopher H. Lusk, Danielle Creek, Nicholas Mirotchnick, Ülo Niinemets, Michael G. Ryan, Peter B. Reich, Jon Lloyd, Fernando Valladares, Joana Zaragoza-Castells, Mary A. Heskel, John J. G. Egerton, Matthew H. Turnbull, Erik J. Veneklaas, John R. Evans, Roberta E. Martin, Jens Kattge, Françoise Yoko Ishida, Kevin L. Griffin, Gerhard Bönisch, Norma Salinas, Michael J. Liddell, Desmond Ng, Jeffrey S. Dukes, Martijn Slot, Hans Lambers, Lina M. Mercado, Pieter Poot, Mark C. Vanderwel, Kirk R. Wythers, Ian J. Wright, Nicholas G. Smith, Lasantha K. Weerasinghe, Rossella Guerrieri, Chris Huntingford, Jen Xiang, Teresa E. Gimeno, Yadvinder Malhi, Paul P. G. Gauthier, Patrick Meir, Eric G. Cosio, Odhran S. O'Sullivan, Gregory P. Asner, Mark G. Tjoelker, Damien Bonal, Lucas A. Cernusak, Graham D. Farquhar, Christian Wirth, Lourens Poorter, Matt Bradford, I. Colin Prentice, Oliver L. Phillips, Tomas F. Domingues, Belinda E. Medlyn, Nikolaos M. Fyllas, Owen K. Atkin, Kristine Y. Crous, Ayal P. Maksimov, Atkin O.K., Bloomfield K.J., Reich P.B., Tjoelker M.G., Asner G.P., Bonal D., Bonisch G., Bradford M.G., Cernusak L.A., Cosio E.G., Creek D., Crous K.Y., Domingues T.F., Dukes J.S., Egerton J.J.G., Evans J.R., Farquhar G.D., Fyllas N.M., Gauthier P.P.G., Gloor E., Gimeno T.E., Griffin K.L., Guerrieri R., Heskel M.A., Huntingford C., Ishida F.Y., Kattge J., Lambers H., Liddell M.J., Lloyd J., Lusk C.H., Martin R.E., Maksimov A.P., Maximov T.C., Malhi Y., Medlyn B.E., Meir P., Mercado L.M., Mirotchnick N., Ng D., Niinemets U., O'Sullivan O.S., Phillips O.L., Poorter L., Poot P., Prentice I.C., Salinas N., Rowland L.M., Ryan M.G., Sitch S., Slot M., Smith N.G., Turnbull M.H., Vanderwel M.C., Valladares F., Veneklaas E.J., Weerasinghe L.K., Wirth C., Wright I.J., Wythers K.R., Xiang J., Xiang S., Zaragoza-Castells J., Australian National University (ANU), Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment [Richmond] (HIE), Western Sydney University, University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System, Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Max-Planck-Institut für Biogeochemie (MPI-BGC), CSIRO Land and Water, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), James Cook University (JCU), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Purdue University [West Lafayette], National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Department of Geosciences [Princeton], Princeton University, School of Geography [Leeds], University of Leeds, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO), Columbia University [New York], School of Geosciences [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, University of New Hampshire (UNH), Centre for Ecology and Hydrology [Wallingford] (CEH), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), School of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, The University of Western Australia (UWA), Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Silwood Park Campus, Ascot, UK, University of Waikato [Hamilton], Institute of Biological Problems of the Cryolithozone, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), School of Geography and the Environment [Oxford] (SoGE), University of Oxford [Oxford], Macquarie University, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology [University of Toronto] (EEB), University of Toronto, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Colorado State University [Fort Collins] (CSU), Department of Biology [Gainesville] (UF|Biology), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, University of Regina (UR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), University of Peradeniya, Universität Leipzig [Leipzig], Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Western Sydney University (UWS), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], National and Kapodistrian University of Athens = University of Athens (NKUA | UoA), School of Geography and the Environment [Oxford], Estonian University of Life Sciences, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Department of Biology (University of Florida), University of Florida [Gainesville], Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Republic of Panama., Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), and AXA Research Fund

Subjects
temperature sensitivity, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Acclimatization, Climate, Plant Science, Photosynthesis, Aridity, Temperatures, Ecology, Respiration, Temperature, Biosphere, Plants, PE&RC, Phenotype, nitrogen concentration, Leaf nitrogen (N), Plant Leave, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Woody plant, terrestrial carbon-cycle, thermal-acclimation, Nitrogen, Plant Biology & Botany, Cell Respiration, Climate change, Biology, FOTOSSÍNTESE, Climate model, Ecology and Environment, tropical rain-forests, Carbon cycle, Climate models, Carbon Cycle, Photosynthesi, 07 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Plant functional types (PFTs), elevated atmospheric co2, photosynthetic capacity, Science & Technology, Plant Sciences, Tropics, scaling relationships, Plant, 15. Life on land, Herbaceous plant, 06 Biological Sciences, Carbon Dioxide, Models, Theoretical, vegetation models, Photosynthetic capacity, Arid, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Plant Leaves, Biology and Microbiology, 13. Climate action, dark respiration, Acclimation
Abstract

Owen K. Atkin [et al.].- Received: 8 July 2014, Accepted: 29 November 2014, Leaf dark respiration (Rdark) is an important yet poorly quantified component of the global carbon cycle. Given this, we analyzed a new global database of Rdark and associated leaf traits., Data for 899 species were compiled from 100 sites (from the Arctic to the tropics). Several woody and nonwoody plant functional types (PFTs) were represented. Mixed-effects models were used to disentangle sources of variation in Rdark., Area-based Rdark at the prevailing average daily growth temperature (T) of each site increased only twofold from the Arctic to the tropics, despite a 20°C increase in growing T (8–28°C). By contrast, Rdark at a standard T (25°C, Rdark25) was threefold higher in the Arctic than in the tropics, and twofold higher at arid than at mesic sites. Species and PFTs at cold sites exhibited higher Rdark25 at a given photosynthetic capacity (Vcmax25) or leaf nitrogen concentration ([N]) than species at warmer sites. Rdark25 values at any given Vcmax25 or [N] were higher in herbs than in woody plants., The results highlight variation in Rdark among species and across global gradients in T and aridity. In addition to their ecological significance, the results provide a framework for improving representation of Rdark in terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) and associated land-surface components of Earth system models (ESMs).

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