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In hospital, most stroke patients' rehabilitation training is assisted by rehabilitation physicians. However, this rehabilitation way is expensive and the number of physician cannot meet the demand. Therefore, surface electromyography (sEMG) and machine learning algorithms are introduced into the rehabilitation system, which can reduce the work of physicians and meet the needs of patients. We collect the sEMG signals of patients by picture guidance. Due to the mislabeling caused by the time mismatch, we re-calibrated the labels by means of peak detection. A model fusion algorithm, called stacking, is leveraged to improve the accuracy and robustness of hand action recognition. Before training, we will assess the patient's condition. Different rehabilitation training strategies will be adopted to patients under different conditions so as to each patient can receive effective training. According to rehabilitation psychology, virtual reality games were introduced to enhance the interest and pleasure of patients in the training process. At the same time, it can stimulate the development of nerve in the motor system and enhance the activity of the motor cortex in the cerebral cortex.

Since 1972 Rehabilitation Psychology has played a fundamental role in disseminating theoretical, scientific, clinical, and educational advances in the field of rehabilitation psychology. In the author's view, the journal's role is not only to promote and communicate these advances but also, as aptly stated more than 50 years ago in an editorial on the purpose of scientific journals, to "be maximally useful to its readers" (Comroe, 1966, p. 3). As the new editor of Rehabilitation Psychology, she looks forward to maximizing its usefulness over the next 6 years. Joining her in this venture are two capable associate editors, Anna Kratz and Paul Perrin, a dedicated editorial board, numerous generous ad hoc reviewers, and an engaged rehabilitation psychology community. Innovative, rigorous, and theory-driven science will always have a home in the journal, and during the author's editorial term I will especially seek theoretical, conceptual, and empirical submissions that: (a) promote methodological advances in rehabilitation research; (b) build the evidence base underpinning rehabilitation psychology services and practices; and (c) advance disability research relevant to public policy and social justice. (PsycINFO Database Record

Problem-based learning (PBL) is widely recognised as a pedagogical approach across disciplines. However, the relevance and application of PBL in psychology has received limited attention. Therefore, this article presents a PBL-based master degree programme for psychologists. The article is divided into three sections. First, we present the rationale and need for developing this programme. Secondly, the programme curriculum is described in details and, third, the programme’s practical and theoretical aspects and potentials are discussed in light of PBL principles., Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Early view

Adhesive capsulitis is a stick of shoulder capsule that causes stick due to acute or chronic inflammation. It will cause serious impacts on patient’s daily life. Rehabilitation agencies used a shoulder abduction ladder, Pulley System for Upper Limb rehabilitation. Without electronics, networking is its drawback. The system digitizes an upper extremity rehabilitation equipment, and records the patient's rehabilitation information, such as the ability to lift the upper limbs, rehabilitation time and frequency, and so on. In addition, the system uses the Gray relational analysis to evaluate the rehabilitation efficacy. Physicians can know the patient's condition to improve his rehabilitation strategy. Patients can also know their rehabilitation effects so to encourage their rehabilitation psychology, so the arms can be recovered early.

The purpose of this study is to explore the needs of family members at the bedside of stroke patients (n = 12) admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF). Family members' needs were determined through semistructured interviews, "Draw a Bridge" art therapy technique, and the Family Inventory of Needs. Family members described a family-centered approach to care that addressed the following needs: assistance with preparing for discharge, staff caring for family members, communication about the plan of care and what to expect postdischarge, and trusting the care provided by IRF staff. Art therapy revealed that stroke was a crisis with many unmet needs for the interviewer to explore. Descriptive statistical analysis of the Family Inventory of Needs revealed that both met and unmet needs were consistent with the interviews and the interpretations of the drawings. These findings inform the need for interventions during IRF to enhance communication, support, and effective caregiver education amidst the crisis of stroke.

This book presents a new analytical approach that will advance the establishment of a new discourse within the study of language and communication disorders. Instances of recurring aphasia and acquired brain injury are discussed in an empirical observation study through a theoretical lens that combines Integrational Linguistics, ethnomethodology, Conversation Analysis and practice theory. In doing so, this interdisciplinary analysis adds a person-centered perspective to existing ethnographic approaches. It addresses a significant gap in our understanding of the social/communicative/interactional consequences of brain injury for everyday life by focusing on the practical problems that individuals with communication difficulties and acquired brain damage - and their care-takers, family and friends - have to solve in everyday life, and how they solve them. This innovative work will appeal to health and social care practitioners and care-givers, in addition to scholars of health communication, cognitive, psycho- and sociolinguistics

Purpose: Clients with an acquired brain injury (ABI) are at risk of mental health problems and it has been argued that transitions throughout the rehabilitation process are a challenge for rehabilitation practice; however, the link between transitions and psychosocial outcome has been under-researched. Therefore, this study aims to (1) investigate the status of clients with moderate or severe ABI two-year post-discharge on the following outcomes variables: Physical and cognitive function, depression, quality of life, civil and work status, (2) examine correlations between these outcomes and (3) explore through qualitative interviews the subjective experiences of individuals with ABI in order to increase our understanding of clients’ perspectives on this outcome and its relation to life transitions in a two-year period.Method: 37 individuals aged 18–66 with moderate or severe ABI were interviewed two years after discharge. At this time, they also completed standard measures of depression (MDI), quality of life (WHOQOL-bref) and functional independence (FIM™). Historical data of their FIM™ status at discharge were obtained for comparison.Results: We found psychological problems two years post-hospitalization, especially depression (35.1%) and decreased psychological QOL (61%). Analysis of interviews found six main factors perceived as important for psychosocial outcome: family relations, return to work, waiting lists, psychological support, fatigue and personal competences.Conclusions: Clients’ status two years post-hospitalization is often characterized by psychological problems. Based on clients’ accounts, we found a connection between psychosocial outcome and life transition experiences and developed a model of factors that are perceived as helping and hindering positive outcome.

Purpose Rehabilitation is a complex field incorporating many disciplines, settings, interventions, and populations, with patient goals ranging from improvement in function to enhanced participation in societal roles. Although there has been progress in measuring the inputs to the rehabilitation process, such as patient characteristics, and the outputs (i.e., outcomes) of the process, little attention has been devoted to specifying and measuring the process itself: the treatment. In this article, the authors describe a framework by which rehabilitation interventions, including those delivered by rehabilitation psychologists, may be defined according to the treatment theories underlying them. Results The tripartite structure of a treatment theory-the targets, active ingredients, and mechanisms of action-may be specified, often in hypothesized form, for each treatment component used to effect desired changes for each patient. Targets are specific, measurable aspects of patient functioning in which change is desired; active ingredients are specific, measurable actions performed by a clinician to effect these changes; and mechanisms of action are the often invisible and inferred ways in which ingredients work to cause the desired effects. To illustrate these concepts, the authors present how they might be applied in 2 areas of treatment that frequently involve rehabilitation psychologists: management of memory disorders and interventions for chronic pain. Conclusions/implications This type of systematic approach to defining and, ultimately, measuring the quality and quantity (dose) of specific treatments stands to enhance research, practice, and training in rehabilitation as well as communication across the treatment team and other stakeholders in the process and outcomes of rehabilitation.

Purpose/objective The psychologist in an inpatient pediatric neurorehabilitation setting provides a vital role in the assessment, treatment, and management of pediatric patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). Competencies are drawn from several specialty areas of professional psychology, including rehabilitation psychology, pediatric neuropsychology, and pediatric psychology. This specialized knowledge forms the basis for tailoring assessment and treatment plans specific to the individual brain injury profile, with the goals of enhancing diagnosis, prognosis, and care transition decision. Aim To describe the role of the psychologist in the differential diagnosis and treatment of pediatric patients with severe brain injury and DoC during inpatient rehabilitation. Research Method/Design: Three pediatric cases admitted to inpatient rehabilitation with suspected DoC illustrate the psychologist's role in diagnostics, case conceptualization, assessment design, and data collection based on patient-specific brain injury profiles. Customized data collection informs diagnostic decisions and treatment planning, with the goal of improved of care and resource utilization. The psychologist also provides ongoing psychoeducation, psychotherapy, and supportive interventions to the patient's family and caregivers to facilitate family adjustment to disability and promote long-term adaptation and adjustment. Conclusions/implications This case series illustrates the role of the psychologist in the use of individual brain injury profiles to coordinate assessment, diagnosis, and care for children with severe brain injury. Implications include the need for focused research to demonstrate the value-added role of the psychologist on the interdisciplinary team working in the neurorehabilitation of this complex patient population. (PsycINFO Database Record

The present case study was carried out within the 10th Okinawa Eima Camp, held by the Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Psychology in August 2010 on the island of Ishigaki, Okinawa prefecture. The 6-day/5-night camp took place at Okinawa Prefecture Ishigaki Youth Center, an educational facility located in a rich natural area nearby the seashore of Ishigaki. It hosted 10 trainees aged between 6 and 20, nine of whom were local residents. Each of the trainees had the characteristics of their respective disorders—for example, Down syndrome and cerebral palsy—while sharing an almost complete lack of verbal development.

Traumatic events can lead to chronic health conditions resulting in acquired disabilities. Individuals with physical disabilities may experience profound disruptions in their physical and psychosocial well-being, but research also suggests that individuals may experience positive qualitative changes resulting in posttraumatic growth (PTG). The field of rehabilitation psychology has a deep-seeded tradition of focusing on positive adaptation, enhancing personal strengths and assets, while taking into consideration internal and external factors that may influence PTG. The following chapter will review the literature on PTG, from a rehabilitation psychology framework, across several types of medical conditions resulting in acquired disabilities: visual impairment, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, amputation, burn injuries, pain conditions, and cardiac events. A brief review of the historical account of PTG from an acquired disability perspective will be provided along with recommendations, for clinical and practical intervention, that can be used to assist patients in adapting to newly acquired disabilities.

The Psychological Society of Ireland (PSI) Rehabilitation Psychology Special Interest Group (RPSIG) has had a relatively short history, having been founded in 2004. This is in contrast to Division 22 – Rehabilitation Psychology of the American Psychological Association (APA), which was established in 1958 and was one of the first divisions of APA. In the context of the 40th Anniversary of the PSI and the call for articles on the history of the Society and its subgroups, the aim of this article is to reflect on the RPSIG in comparison to the APA Division. Apart from the age difference, the Irish SIG has a significantly smaller membership than its American counterpart and reflects a much narrower range of interests. Recognising the influence of the broader context this article will also compare the extent to which the field of rehabilitation psychology has developed in the USA where it has its own board of professional accreditation since 1995 with the current level of development and status in Ireland. Som...

PURPOSE: A recent policy change from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services includes coverage of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) for patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with reduced ejection fraction. This article provides a framework by which CR programs can incorporate disease-specific services for patients with CHF who participate in CR. DISCUSSION: Cardiac rehabilitation should include self-care counseling that targets improved education and skill development (eg, medication compliance, monitoring/management of body weight). Various tools are available for assessing exercise tolerance (eg, stress test with gas exchange and 6-minute walk), health-related quality of life, and other outcome-related parameters. Exercise should be prescribed in a manner that progressively increases intensity, duration, and frequency, to a volume of exercise equivalent to 3 to 7 metabolic equivalent task (MET)-hr per week. The benefits of exercise training are limited by patient adherence; therefore, CR providers need to identify the adherence challenges unique to each patient and address each accordingly. To optimize the referral of patients with CHF to CR, program staff should develop strategies to raise both health care provider and patient awareness about the benefits of CR, as well as work collaboratively to set up system-based approaches to CR referral. CONCLUSIONS: The referral of patients with CHF to CR will increase in 2014 and beyond, due partly to a policy change from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services that allows coverage for CR. These patients should be integrated into existing programs, with the intent of providing both standard CR services and CHF-specific education and disease management activities that target improved outcomes.

Objective To evaluate the proportion of patients hospitalised with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in Australia and New Zealand who received optimal inpatient preventive care and to identify factors associated with preventive care. Methods All patients hospitalised bi-nationally with ACS were identified between 14–27 May 2012. Optimal in-hospital preventive care was defined as having received lifestyle advice, referral to rehabilitation, and prescription of secondary prevention pharmacotherapies. Multilevel multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with receipt of optimal preventive care. Results For the 2299 ACS survivors, mean (SD) age was 69 (13) years, 46% were referred to rehabilitation, 65% were discharged on sufficient preventive medications, and 27% received optimal preventive care. Diagnosis of ST elevation myocardial infarction (OR: 2.64 [95% CI: 1.88–3.71]; p

Purpose The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of core self-evaluations (CSE), which is conceptualized as the overall, fundamental perception that individuals have about their worth and capability as people (Judge, Locke, Durham, & Kluger, 1998). CSE is a higher order variable that is reflective of the self-concept and comprises personality traits including self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability. Method In this article, the theoretical background of the CSE construct is reviewed, the existing literature on CSE in the general population is summarized, and future directions for the use of CSE in rehabilitation psychology research and clinical settings is proposed. Implications CSE has great potential as a global positive contributor of well-being in persons with disabilities, and research addressing its relationship with outcomes such as well-being and its clinical applications has great promise to augment rehabilitation psychology practice in the future.

Presents an obituary for Beatrice A. Wright, who passed away on July 31, 2018. Wright was a pivotal figure whose research and advocacy changed the way psychologists and laypeople understand the experience of disability. A founder and leader of rehabilitation psychology, she demonstrated that physical, social, and psychological environments pose greater challenges for people with disabilities than the disabilities themselves. Wright championed the importance of human dignity for all persons regardless of the nature of their disabilities, arguing they should be partners with professionals when planning rehabilitation regimens. Both versions of her classic book, Physical Disability-A Psychological Approach (1960) and the revised and expanded Physical Disability-A Psychosocial Approach (1983), appear on American Psychological Association's list of the 100 most influential psychology books of the 20th century. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Comments on the article, "Guidelines for competency development and measurement in rehabilitation psychology postdoctoral training," by Stiers et al. (see record 2014-55195-001). Stiers and colleagues have provided a thorough and well-conceived set of guidelines that lay out the competencies expected for graduates of postdoctoral residencies in rehabilitation psychology, accompanied by a set of more specific, observable indicators of the residents' competence level. This work is an important aspect of the broader project of the Rehabilitation Psychology Specialty Council (APA Division 22, the American Board of Rehabilitation Psychology, the Foundation for Rehabilitation Psychology, the Academy of Rehabilitation Psychology, and the Council of Rehabilitation Psychology Postdocotral Training Programs) to develop overall guidelines for programs providing postdoctoral training in this field (Stiers et al., 2012).

Comments on the article, "Guidelines for competency development and measurement in rehabilitation psychology postdoctoral training," by Stiers et al. (see record 2014-55195-001). A review of the recent publication of Stiers et al., a well-organized distillation of the functional competencies required of practitioners of Rehabilitation Psychology that evolved from the Baltimore Consensus Conference (Stiers et al., 2012), revealed a potentially important omission in the section labeled Structured Observations of Competencies in Assessment and Intervention (Table 4, p. 117). Throughout the subsections regarding Knowledge, Skills/Abilities, and Attitudes/ Values, indirect reference to the American Psychological Association (APA) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (APA, 2010) is evident without formal citation of the Code. The concepts operationalized in the APA ethical principles suffuse the content of this section of the competencies, but without direct reference to those principles. The remainder of the tables (5-7, pp. 188 -120) include explicit inclusion of knowledge of ethics in the contexts of demonstrating competencies in consultation, research and evaluation, teaching and supervision, and management and administration.

Today's rapidly changing society can lead to maladaptive behaviors. In the situations, rehabilitation psychology analysis using the on-line test be needed to solve the problem. However, Internet-based rehabilitation psychology analysis by a malicious attacker may still be vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks. The service flooding attacks render the server incapable of providing its service to legitimate clients. Therefore the importance of implementing systems that prevent denial of service attacks and provide service to legitimate users cannot be overemphasized. In this paper, we propose a puzzle protocol which applies to authentication model. our gradually strengthening authentication model improves the availability and continuity of services and prevent denial of service attacks and we implement flooding of service tolerance system to verify the efficiency of our model. This system is expected to be ensure in the promotion of reliability. 키워드 : 재활심리, 심리분석, 서비스거부공격, 인증시스템, 지연프로토콜

A technology-based program to promote independent choice behaviors by three children with cerebral palsy and multiple disabilities was assessed. The program was based on learning principles and assistive technology (i.e., customized input devices/sensors, personal computers, screening of preferred stimuli according to a binomial criterion). The first purpose of the present study was to provide the participants with a new set-up of assistive technology and to allow them to choose among three categories (i.e., food, beverage and leisure), and to request a specific item out of four in each category, adopting a procedure that minimized (according to a conditional probability criterion) unintentional choices. The second aim of the study was to carry out the effects of the program on detectable mood signs (i.e., happiness index). The study was conducted according to an ABAB sequence with a subsequent post intervention check for each participant. The results showed an increase of engagement and of the happiness index during intervention phases. Psychological as well as educational implications were discussed.

Objectives The aims of the study are: (1) To develop and test a theory-based model for the predictive power of “Shared decision making (SDM)”, “Empathy” and “Team interaction” for “Patient satisfaction” and “Treatment acceptance”. (2) To identify mediating effects of “Compliance” and “Satisfaction with decision”. Methods Within a multi-center cross-sectional study (11 inpatient rehabilitation clinics at different indication fields), the model was evaluated in descriptive and structure analytical terms based on survey data of N = 402 inpatients. Results The structural equation model proved to exhibit an appropriate data fit. A high proportion of variance of “Patient satisfaction” (61%) and “Treatment acceptance” (67%) can be predicted by “SDM”, “Empathy”, “Satisfaction with decision” and “Team interaction”. While no mediating effects were found for the two subcomponents of “Compliance” (“Patient cooperation”, “Adherence”), “Satisfaction with decision” showed a full mediation for “Treatment acceptance” and a partial mediation for “Patient satisfaction”. Conclusion “Team interaction” should be considered as an important predictor of process and patient-centered outcome characteristics. Practice implications The current findings can be used to derive measures as well as interventions to optimize the organization of participatory care within teams in order to strengthen patient centeredness and to ensure a high quality of care.

Twenty-first-century information technology makes virtual clinical libraries accessible from anywhere, on just about any device. Mobile technologies can now empower evidence-based clinical decision-making in the moment. Familiar to all clinicians are the point-of-care mobile technologies UpToDate and DynaMed that deliver evidence-based decision support. This guide goes further; it identifies additional specific resources, knowledge tools, databases, and applications that rehabilitation psychologists and their associated colleagues can rely on to deliver evidence-based results in the moment. Additionally included at the end of this chapter are evidence-based practice tutorials plus knowledge resources that can deliver ongoing alerts and updates. These resources are easy to set up and change as needed, supporting clinicians’ lifelong clinical learning.

Billing and coding activities provide rehabilitation psychologists the opportunity to identify the services (procedures) that have been provided to a patient in the context of a presenting problem or disorder (diagnosis). The specific procedures and associated diagnosis determine how, and if, the clinician receives payment (reimbursement) for the services provided. Having a good understanding of billing and coding activities relative to clinical services provided is critical for the financial success of clinicians and health care organizations. Key concepts in understanding billing and coding activities in rehabilitation psychology are outlined as follows

Mental health describe our social, emotional, and psychological states, all wrapped up into one. Someone who experiences “good” mental health, therefore, has found a balance in his or her social, emotional, and psychological areas of life. Term “behavioral health” is being used incorrectly refer to mental illness. We explore the nature of psychology. We outline the different schools of thought and method of inquiry in psychology. Psychologists provide vital mental and behavioral health services in primary care. They identify and modify behaviors to promote individuals’ health and wellness across the lifespan. A significant and growing number of psychologists (e.g., in such areas as health, clinical, counseling, family, and rehabilitation psychology) provide inter professional, team-based care in pediatric, adult, and family-oriented primary care settings in both the public and private sectors. This paper tries to highlight the role of psychology in mental health and practically utilities of psychology in present scenario of mental health.

Purpose/objective The aims of this survey study were to (a) examine the frequency of health-service psychology involvement in intensive and critical-care settings; (b) characterize the distinguishing features of these providers; and (c) examine unique or distinguishing features of the hospital setting in which these providers are offering services. Research method/design χ2 analyses were conducted for group comparisons of health-service psychologists: (a) providing services in critical care versus those with no or limited critical care activity and (b) involved in both critical care and rehabilitation versus those only involved in critical care. Results A total of 175 surveys met inclusion criteria and were included in the analyses. Psychologists who worked in critical-care settings at least monthly were more likely to be at a Level-1, χ2(1, N = 157) = 9.654, p = .002, or pediatric, χ2(1, N = 158) = 7.081, p = .008, trauma center. Psychologists involved with critical care were more likely to provide services on general medical-surgical units, χ2(1, N = 167) = 45.679, p = .000. A higher proportion of rehabilitation-oriented providers provided intensive care, critical care, and neurointensive care services relative to nonrehabilitation providers. Conclusion/implications The findings indicate that health-service psychologists are involved in critical-care settings and in various roles. A more broad-based survey of hospitals across the United States would be required to identify how frequently health-service psychologists are consulted and what specific services are most effective, valued, or desired in critical-care settings. (PsycINFO Database Record

Historically, the Foundational Principles articulated by Wright (1983) and others guided theory development, research and scholarship, and practice in rehabilitation psychology. In recent decades, these principles have become more implicit and less explicit or expressive in the writings and work of rehabilitation professionals. We believe that the Foundational Principles are essential lodestars for working with people with disabilities that can guide inquiry, practice, and service. To introduce this special issues, this commentary identifies and defines key Foundational Principles, including, for example, Lewin's (1935) person-environment relation, adjustment to disability, the malleability of self-perceptions of bodily states, and the importance of promoting dignity for people with disabilities. We then consider the role the Foundational Principles play in the articles appearing in this special issue. We close by considering some new principles and their potential utility in rehabilitation settings. Readers in rehabilitation psychology and aligned areas (e.g., social-personality psychology, health psychology, rehabilitation therapist, psychiatry, and nursing) are encouraged to consider how the Foundational Principles underlie and can shape their research and practice.

Purpose Psychosocial adaptation to chronic illness and disability (CID) is an area of study where a positive psychology perspective, especially the study of virtues and character strengths, can be implemented within the rehabilitation framework. A carefully developed theory to guide future interdisciplinary research is now timely. Methods A traditional literature review between philosophy and rehabilitation psychology was conducted in order to develop a virtue-based psychosocial adaptation theory, merging important perspectives from the fields of rehabilitation and positive psychology. Results The virtue-based psychosocial adaptation model (V-PAM) to CID is proposed in the present study. Conclusions The model involves five qualities or constructs: courage, practical wisdom, commitment to action, integrity and emotional transcendence. Each of these components of virtue contributes to an understanding of psychosocial adaptation. The present study addresses the implications and applications of V-PAM that will advance this understanding.

Patients recovering from critical illness may suffer from physical, psychological, and cognitive problems that have a negative impact on their health-related quality of life. To ensure that patients return as close as possible to their previous physical and mental health, their rehabilitation needs should be assessed and an appropriate program started. Both early mobilization and physical rehabilitation while the patient is still in the intensive care unit and manualized rehabilitation after discharge are beneficial. It is important to assess the rehabilitation needs of patients and target physiotherapy and counseling resources at those patients with the greatest need.

To evaluate the effects of psychological interventions on rehabilitation outcomes, including residence and functional status at discharge, and residence, school attendance, or employment, and physical, social, occupational, and mobility aspects of participation 1 year after spinal cord injury (SCI).Prospective observational cohort study.Six inpatient rehabilitation facilities in the United States.Inpatients with SCI 12 years of age and older.Usual rehabilitation care.Functional Independence Measure at rehabilitation discharge and 1-year injury anniversary; discharge destination and residence at 1-year anniversary; Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique, Diener Satisfaction with Life Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire, employment or school attendance, rehospitalization, and occurrence of a pressure ulcer at 1-year anniversary.More time in psycho-educational interventions was associated with better function, discharge to home, home residence at 1 year, and the absence of pressure ulcers at 1 year. More psychotherapeutic sessions focusing on processing emotions and/or locus of control were associated with poorer function at discharge and 1 year, less physical independence and community mobility, lower satisfaction with life, and the presence of pressure sores at 1 year.Psychological services are an important component of comprehensive medical rehabilitation and tailored to patient needs and readiness to benefit from rehabilitation. Services focused on remediating deficits tend to be associated with negative outcomes, while services intended to foster adjustment and growth tend to be associated with favorable outcomes. Further research is needed to determine the optimal type and timing of psychological services during inpatient rehabilitation based on individuals' strengths and vulnerabilities. Note: This is the sixth in this third series of SCIRehab articles.

Cognitive remediation is a behaviorally based training intervention that aims to improve cognitive deficits that impose a significant barrier to everyday functioning. Cognitive remediation for schizophrenia is based on principles of neuroplasticity, and methods of treatment are informed by rehabilitation psychology, neuropsychology and increasingly by theories of motivation. On the whole, cognitive remediation for schizophrenia is shown to improve neurocognition and psychosocial outcomes with effect sizes in the moderate range. Accumulating data indicate that treatment intensity and treatment setting moderate outcomes, and instructional techniques that enhance intrinsic motivation for learning promote engagement, facilitate learning and augment sustained learning outcomes. This article reviews these techniques, drawing from empirical data, and proposes future directions for research in order to further augment treatment outcomes and help people with schizophrenia better achieve their personal goals for recovery.

In this paper, we explore the Non-Medical Attendant program at Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, DC, which subsidizes the presence of war-injured soldiers' family members as they live for months or even years at Walter Reed during treatment and rehabilitation. We elaborate the ambiguities of the program and draw on ethnographic research to demonstrate how the program's vagaries combine with the context of an overburdened military medical system and the more familiar strains of family caregiving to place family members in a gray zone of care where the line between labors of love and institutionally compensated work is blurred.

On behalf of the new editorial team, let me welcome you to this first issue of Rehabilitation Psychology under our leadership. We are excited and honored by this responsibility. We look forward to serving the readership, authors, and the entire rehabilitation community as we develop and grow the flagship journal of rehabilitation psychology. As part of the editorial transition, I want to take this opportunity to reflect on our history, define our mission, encourage our team, and explore our future. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).

In 1996, Wilson and Watson stated that it is not always easy to persuade people with memory impairments to use memory strategies, despite the value of using them. To date, there has been no in-depth exploration of what motivates people to use memory compensations from the perspective of the individual with an acquired brain injury. In this study eight people attending an out-patient brain injury rehabilitation service were interviewed. Transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Four master themes emerged from the analysis: emotional barriers that need to be overcome before memory compensations are used; factors that may have a reverse effect on motivation, such as the strategy being an unpleasant reminder that one is different; beliefs about memory, such as it is better to use your own memory rather than relying on memory aids otherwise it will become lazy; and the final master theme "It's not in my nature", i.e., it does not fit with the person's lifestyle. The results show that motivation for strategy use depends on complex processes that include social, emotional and practical factors. This study demonstrates the importance of adhering to a biopsychosocial approach within rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of various risk factors on three functional outcomes during rehabilitation. SETTING Geriatric inpatient rehabilitation unit. DESIGN Observational longitudinal study. PARTICIPANTS One hundred sixty-one geriatric rehabilitation inpatients (men, women), mean age 82, who were capable of walking at baseline. MEASUREMENTS Functional status was assessed weekly between admission and discharge and at a follow-up 4 months later at home using the function component of the Short Form-Late Life Function and Disability Instrument, the Barthel Index, and Habitual Gait Speed. Various risk factors, such as falls-related self-efficacy (Falls Efficacy Scale-International), were measured. Associations between predictors and functional status at discharge and follow-up were analyzed using linear regression models and bivariate plots. RESULTS Fear of falling predicted functioning across all outcomes except for habitual gait speed at discharge and follow-up. Visual comparison of functional trajectories between subgroups confirmed these findings, with different levels of fear of falling across time in linear plots. Thus, superior ability of this measure to discriminate between functional status at baseline across all outcomes and to discriminate between functional change especially with regard to the performance-based outcome was demonstrated. CONCLUSION Falls-related self-efficacy is the only parameter that significantly predicts rehabilitation outcome at discharge and follow-up across all outcomes. Therefore, it should be routinely assessed in future studies in (geriatric) rehabilitation and considered to be an important treatment goal.