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Climate variability influences renewable electricity supply and demand and hence system reliability. Using the hidden states of the sea surface temperature of tropical Pacific Ocean that reflect El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) dynamics that is objectively identified by a nonhomogeneous hidden Markov model, we provide a first example of the potential predictability of monthly wind and solar energy and heating and cooling energy demand for 1 to 6 months ahead for Texas, United States, a region that has a high penetration of renewable electricity and is susceptible to disruption by climate-driven supply-demand imbalances. We find a statistically significant potential for oversupply or undersupply of energy and anomalous heating/cooling demand depending on the ENSO state and the calendar month. Implications for financial securitization and the potential application of forecasts are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing proportion of renewable energy power generation, its accompanying intermittency and volatility problems are becoming increasingly prominent, and the frequency fluctuation of the power system is becoming increasingly severe. Participation in frequency regulation services can be economically rewarding for generating units. The flywheel energy storage system can effectively improve the frequency regulation capability of coal-fired units. In this paper, the improvement of the FM capability of coal-fired units in the operation of a two-area interconnected power system containing wind power is investigated, and a model of a two-area interconnected power system comprising a turbine generator, wind power, and flywheel energy storage is established. The enhancement of the FM capability of coal-fired units by adding a flywheel energy storage system is analyzed. The simulation results show that adding the flywheel energy storage system improves the FM capability of the coal-fired unit to a considerable extent, and the coal-fired unit can decide the flywheel capacity it needs to be equipped with through detailed economic calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recurring environmental challenges and the global energy crisis have led to intensified research on alternative energy sources. Hydrogen has emerged as a promising solution, produced through electrochemical, thermochemical, and biological methods. This study presents the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies. It also provides pertinent data on hydrogen production, identifying world‐leading countries in hydrogen production, such as the USA, Japan, and China, and the government policies that they have adopted. It reports market trends such as hydrogen synthesis by water electrolysis, the high cost of the electrolyzers used, and incentives for the carbon market to become competitive with other alternative energy sources. It also highlights startups from around the world that are developing innovative methodologies for producing hydrogen. The study concludes that integrating hydrogen production concepts with social, environmental, and industry interests is essential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biochar, a carbon‐rich material derived from organic biomass under low‐O2 conditions, has gained importance due to its role in mitigating climate change by sequestering carbon. It can be used as an alternative energy source and has applications in nutrient cycling, improving soil properties, and removing heavy metals and organic pollutants, thus contributing to sustainable agriculture and environmental remediation. In the face of alarming climate change, rising energy demand, and increasing pollution, the integration of biochar production into biorefineries is an important strategy to promote a sustainable and circular economy. Adopting a holistic approach to biomass utilization by developing strategies to maximize biochar production along with the production of other value‐added products while improving its quality can increase biorefineries' overall sustainability and efficiency. Fine‐tuning the biorefinery process from feedstock selection to co‐production, optimizing pyrolysis conditions, and integrating it with other technologies can help to achieve this goal while generating zero waste and diversified revenues. With the biochar market growing exponentially, further research into the long‐term impact of biochar on carbon sequestration and its application in the environment is the next step. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the popularity of renewable energy sources, fault‐tolerant frequency stability of distributed generation systems has become a major challenge. This paper proposes an optimal frequency fault‐tolerant control method in the distributed generation system, utilizing adaptive dynamic programming combined with fuzzy critic estimation. First, based on the operational state of the system, a non‐linear dynamic model for the virtual synchronous generator is established. Then, considering the occurrence of actuator faults, the fault‐tolerant control problem is formulated as an optimal control problem, where a fault observer is designed to estimate the fault signals. Furthermore, the proposed adaptive dynamic programming method based on fuzzy critic estimation is employed to effectively solve the highly coupled nonlinear Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation and ensure the state convergence of the system with uniform ultimate boundedness. The optimal fault‐tolerant control law ensures a bounded frequency error for the virtual synchronous generator system in the event of faults. Finally, the effectiveness of the optimal control method is verified by two sets of simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) measures their solar energy conversion performance. With PCEs below 15%, significant energy loss occurs, leading researchers to seek improvements to reduce fossil fuel dependence and enhance DSSCs as an alternative energy source. However, predicting PCE theoretically is challenging due to its dependence on various parameters. In this work, the improved normal model was used to predict the PCE accurately using DFT and TD-DFT of four nanocomposites consisting of catechin natural compound attached to carboxylated graphene quantum dots (GQD) that have been further doped at the centre/edge and decorated with a boronic group. The nanocomposites have been adsorbed on a TiO2 cluster for PCE estimation. This is the first attempt of using decorated GQD with boronic groups in a DSSC and estimating its PCE. The results show that the PCE of catechin improved from 0.077% to the range of 3.96% – 12.61% (B1-CG-C@TiO2 – B2-CG-C@TiO2). This was due to the improved short-circuit current density ($J_{sc}$ J sc ) and fill factor (FF) of all the nanocomposites and the improved open-circuit voltage ($V_{oc}$ V oc ) of all nanocomposites except B1-CG-C@TiO2 in comparison to catechin. This means all the designed nanocomposites are more promising candidates than catechin. Highlights: Adsorption at carboxyl group is the most stable site among hydroxyl and GQD base. The improved normal model gives accurate $V_{oc}$ V oc results. All designed nanocomposites exhibited higher PCEs than isolated catechin. Edged doping exhibited the highest $V_{oc}$ V oc , high $J_{sc}$ J sc , and highest PCE of 12.61%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the critical role of the clean energy market in the global economy and environmental sustainability, this paper investigates the impact of the U.S. Business Conditions Index (ADS) on the risk of segmented clean energy markets across different time scales and market conditions, as well as its spillover mechanisms. By using wavelet coherence and wavelet quantile analysis, we examine how the Aruoba–Diebold–Scotti (ADS) Business Conditions Index affects the risk levels of segmented clean energy indices under varying market conditions. To further understand this impact mechanism, we also employ the quantile Granger causality test to analyze the spillover effects of ADS on the clean energy market. The results show that the ADS index significantly influences the risk levels of segmented clean energy markets, with notable differences across various time scales and market conditions. The contributions of this study include: (1) segmenting the measurement of clean energy market risk into the Solar Index (SOLAR), Renewable Energy Index (RE), Biomass Index (BIO), Wind Energy Index (WIND), and Clean Energy Index (WILDER); (2) providing new evidence on the impact of the ADS Business Conditions Index on segmented clean energy market risk; and (3) offering new perspectives for different clean energy market participants to better navigate complex business environments and develop effective risk management strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the dynamic effect of resource productivity and green technologies on renewable energy (RE) use in 28 middle‐income countries from 2006 to 2022 using MMQR, QR and causality techniques. Results suggested that green technology innovation substantially influences RE use. Second, the significant positive coefficients show that resource productivity leads to higher RE consumption at the upper quantile due to decoupling Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth from extracting natural resources, indicating a transition towards more sustainable and efficient practices. Based on the empirical findings, several policy implications are suggested for middle‐income economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the risks associated with the swift implementation of energy transition projects, focusing on permitting and regulatory risks, social risks, operational risks, ESG considerations, and geopolitical risks. It highlights challenges such as permitting delays, social conflicts, and operational challenges in remote locations. The article also addresses the importance of ESG due diligence, stakeholder mapping, and an integrated approach to managing ESG risks. Additionally, it explores the geopolitical landscape affecting energy transition projects and funding sources for such projects. The authors provide insights into mitigating risks to attract investment and advance energy transition projects efficiently. [Extracted from the article]

The energy transition necessitates hydrogen generation to meet current energy needs. Low-carbon hydrogen (green hydrogen from renewable energy, and blue hydrogen from gas with CO2 removal and storage) is touted as a replacement, with most authors recognising the 'green' credentials of hydrogen. However, this paper examines the impact of hydrogen generation on water resources in the driest inhabited country on Earth – Australia. After analysing water use, the paper then undertakes a detailed analysis of the Australian Certificate of Origin Scheme. The paper concludes that competition over water will need to be considered in both project approvals and certification schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public-private partnerships have long existed in literature, primarily in the construction sector. However, there is a paucity of research on the research and innovation ecosystem. This research aims to develop a framework for promoting public-private partnerships in research and innovation to foster public-private linkages. Primary data was collected from 192 participants selected from public and private sector organizations. The relative importance index was used to rank key elements for promoting public-private partnerships in research and innovations. The best practices include sharing knowledge, engaging in win-win partnerships, and establishing innovation hubs and intellectual property policies. Effective elements include leveraging innovation in geographical proximity, a supportive regulatory framework, joint financing of research equipment and tax incentives for research equipment. Priority sectors include renewable energy, smart agriculture and education. Websites and direct engagements are essential platforms for engaging in collaborations. The research recommends that the government should provide seed funding to support the early phases of the research and extend tax exemptions for research equipment and infrastructure. Research institutions should establish innovation hubs and operationalize intellectual property policies. The study proposes a framework for promoting public-private partnerships in research and innovation in a developing country like Zambia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Producing hydrogen (H2) from biomass gasification offers exceptional benefits regarding renewable energy sources, zero‐carbon emission, cost‐effective processes, and high efficiency. The addition of catalysts to biomass gasification could accelerate the process and minimize the formation of coke. However, the catalyst deactivation caused by carbon deposition, poisoning, and sintering is still a significant problem in the gasification process. Therefore, achieving sustainable exploitation of the renewable natural resource of biomass requires substantial development and optimization of the present gasification process. The efficiency of gasification might decrease because of such a process. In this study, CeO2(111) is chosen to investigate the analysis of adsorption molecules during catalytic gasification using the density functional theory method. Three catalyst models, CeO2(111), Zr‐CeO2(111), and Ni‐CeO2(111), have been studied in this work in terms of structural, electronic, and adsorption molecule properties. The structural and electronic properties of the modified catalyst model show the ligand and strain effect on the alloy, with the addition of Zr and Ni as second metals promoting the adsorption capability. Searching for active sites is also carried out by adsorption of selected atoms and molecules and used as a preliminary study to find possible active sites for gasification reactions. The Zr‐CeO2(111) and Ni‐CeO2 catalysts exhibit better adsorption ability on atomics and molecules. The Zr and Ni metals are suitable second metal candidates for the catalyst to proceed with the gasification reaction and simultaneously reduce carbon deposition, poisoning, and sintering problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dementia represents one of the largest and most urgent public health problems across the globe. Modeling projections have estimated that delaying the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by 6 months would reduce the prevalence by 5%, while a delay of 12 months would reduce the prevalence by 10%. One approach to achieving a delay in the onset of AD is to investigate lifestyle interventions that could be widely implemented with a favorable risk-benefit relationship and socioeconomic profile. Amongst such interventions, there is increasing evidence to support the use of ketogenic interventions in AD. Indeed, it is well known that cerebral glucose metabolism is impaired in AD, even at a preclinical stage, and a growing body of literature suggests that these findings may represent a primary pathogenic mechanism leading to neurodegeneration. Ketones are readily taken up by the brain and can serve as an alternative energy source for neurons and glia, hypothetically bypassing the glucose uptake deficit in AD. In this invited review we discuss the preclinical as well as clinical work aiming to increase ketones as a primary intervention in AD, including variations of the ketogenic diet, medium chain triglyceride supplementation, and newer, more experimental approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advancement of renewable energy technology has been significantly aided by solar photovoltaics (PV). Since solar PV is a weather‐dependent source, it cannot be dispatched. To ensure that the solar PV system can harvest the maximum amount of electricity for the available irradiance level, maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms are used. For standalone low‐voltage DC (LVDC) microgrids to utilize the energy storage system as efficiently as possible, maximum power extraction is essential. The sensed PV voltage and current are essential for these MPPT algorithms to ensure that the maximum power point of the panel is captured. This work proposes an effective fault‐tolerant control (FTC) scheme for the solar PV subsystem in the LVDC microgrid that can seamlessly extract the maximum power despite the PV voltage sensor being faulty. The proposed FTC scheme uses a sliding mode observer (SMO)‐based method to detect and isolate PV voltage sensor faults in the standalone LVDC microgrid. The efficacy of the proposed FTC is assessed in a range of circumstances involving load disturbance, irradiance change, and various sensor fault scenarios. The performance of the proposed FTC is validated using experimental analysis on the LVDC microgrid testbed and MATLAB simulations. Given a faulty PV voltage sensor, at a given operating condition of the microgrid, the proposed FTC scheme is successful in reducing the additional power burden on the battery storage by at least two times. Consequently, the additional discharge in terms of SoC is also seen to be decreased by at least 9%. The proposed FTC technique outperforms the popular MPPT approaches for solar PV in terms of PV voltage sensor fault tolerance in the microgrid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable energy projects are increasingly being implemented at scale to meet global climate goals, often targeting lands on the margins of the state and affecting the livelihoods of Indigenous or marginalized populations. This article argues a need for project-developers, investors and rights advocates to consider the potentially significant 'gap' between their expectations that the rights of local populations will be settled at the start of a particular investment and the conflicts over rights, recognition and benefits that emerge during implementation that risk derailing investments. This is particularly relevant for renewable investments, as their claims to global and national benefits divert attention from their local impacts. Empirically, this is explored through the case of the Lake Turkana Wind Power project in Kenya. Based on interviews and literature review, the article examines the relations between the key stakeholders in this project by acknowledging their various 'ways of seeing' rights. Ruling elites often see rights as settled once they have been written into law and investors assume that rights have been dealt with at the project's start, but local populations typically begin exploring their rights following project-induced changes. The interaction of stakeholders with such diverse views has important implications for the practice of human rights in the context of renewable energy investments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Helical piles are being increasingly considered for offshore applications as they avoid the acoustic emissions associated with pile driving, and they provide additional capacity relative to a driven pile. In this paper, the installation and tensile capacity of helical piles is considered through a combination of centrifuge experiments and large-deformation finite-element analyses within a coupled Eulerian–Lagrangian framework. The experiments provide a basis for validating the numerical simulations, but also quantify the expected installation torque and undrained tensile capacity, including the variation with time after installation. The numerical simulations extend the parameter space investigated experimentally, considering the number of helices, their spacing and pitch, in addition to the ratio of pile shaft to helix diameter and the profile of undrained shear strength. Mechanisms revealed through the numerical simulations are reflected in a new analytical model for calculating undrained tensile capacity, which is seen to agree reasonably well with the numerically and experimentally determined capacities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes a solution to the Dynamic Economic Emission Dispatch (DEED) problem, which incorporates wind, solar and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) into the optimization challenge. The new model, called Wind-Solar-Plug in Electric Vehicle (WSPEV) DEED, utilizes an optimization technique called the Oppositional-based Equilibrium Optimizer (OEO) method with the Weibull and Beta distributions to model wind and solar resources. The charging and discharging patterns of PEVs are also considered in the model. The proposed approach is evaluated through several scenarios involving Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) and PEVs, and the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model in achieving a sustainable and cost-effective power system. The WSPEV DEED model provides a valuable solution to the DEED problem, which is crucial for successfully integrating RESs and PEVs into the power system for a sustainable future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fuel cell technologies constitute a clean, reliable, highly efficient, and eco‐friendly source of alternative energy generation. However, they still require a reliable and robust catalytic system showing comparative electrochemical activity to precious metal Pt with less cost. In this work, Mn@ZnO NPs were synthesized using a hydrothermal‐assisted simple method. Several techniques including SEM, TGA, and XRD were used to confirm the material synthesis. Electrochemical properties were analyzed by using linear sweep voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and cyclic voltammetry. A higher ORR activity in terms of mass activity and current density was observed 133.9 mA/mg as compared to Pt/C (96 mA/mg) and Pd/C (67 mA/mg) under otherwise identical conditions. Mn@ZnO also exhibited excellent current density (1.913 mA cm−2), comparable to Pt/C (1.55 mA cm−2). Chronoamperometry shows stability for up to 800 s. Comparative studies were conducted in both acidic and basic mediums, with observed higher ORR activity in acidic media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of the climate and environmental problems experienced in the world with the Industrial Revolution has prominently begun to be felt today, and the consequences of climate change on the environment and public health have now become visible. The increase in greenhouse gas emissions resulting from human activities, which is the main cause of global climate change, caused the global surface temperature to be 1.1 °C higher between 2011 and 2020 compared to 1850–1900. In parallel with this global problem, the transition to clean energy has increased significantly with Russia's invasion of Ukraine, more aggressive energy and climate policies, technological developments, and increasing concerns about energy security. In this study, global climate change indicators, including land and sea surface air temperatures, sea level rise, sea ice extent, ocean heat content, surface humidity, and total column water vapor, are reviewed and updated in parallel with a comprehensive analysis of the progress in renewable energy. The results showed that if no measures are taken to reduce human-induced greenhouse gas emissions, the global average temperature will increase further in the coming years and the negative effects of other climate parameters will be felt even more. It has been emphasized that limiting human-induced global warming requires renewable and sustainable energy sources and net zero CO2 emissions and that the simultaneous adoption of emission reduction and adaptation strategies will be the most effective economic and technical solution to the global warming problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • FeCoNiP and FeNi-LDH hierarchical multilevel structures are constructed on CuO nanowires. • FeCoNiP@FeNi-LDH@CuO/CF exhibits excellent performance for overall water splitting in alkaline medium. • The hierarchical multilevel structure provides more active sites and accelerates the electron transport rate. • The CuO nanowire array structure improves the catalyst hydrophilic and aerophobic properties. In response to the growing demand for clean, green, and sustainable energy sources, the development of cost-effective and durable high-activity overall water splitting electrocatalysts is urgently needed. In this study, the heterogeneous structure formed by the combination of FeCoNiP and FeNi-LDH was homogeneously dispersed onto CuO nanowires generated by in-situ oxidation of copper foam as a substrate using an electrodeposition method. This multilevel structure exhibits excellent bifunctional properties as an electrode material in alkaline solutions, for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) only 206 mV and 147 mV overpotentials are needed to achieve a current density of 100 mA cm−2 respectively. Full water electrolysis is thus enabled to take place at such a low cell voltage as 1.64 V to reach the current density of 100 mA cm−2, which exhibits a long-term stability of 30 h. These improved electrocatalytic performances stem from the construction of multilevel structures. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggests that strong electron transfer occurs between heterogeneous structures, thus facilitating the OER and HER process. The dispersion of CuO nanowires not only increases the electrochemically active surface areas but also improves the overall hydrophilic and aerophobic properties. This work highlights the positive effect of multilevel structure in the design of more efficient electrocatalysts and provides a reference for the preparation of other low-cost, high-activity bifunctional electrocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Scientia Iranica. Transaction D, Computer Science & Engineering & Electrical Engineering is the property of Scientia Iranica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The energy optimization in smart power grids (SPGs) is crucial for ensuring efficient, sustainable, and cost-effective energy management. However, the uncertainty and stochastic nature of distributed generations (DGs) and loads pose significant challenges to optimization models. In this study, we propose a novel optimization model that addresses these challenges by employing a probabilistic method to model the uncertain behavior of DGs and loads. Our model utilizes the multi-objective wind-driven optimization (MOWDO) technique with fuzzy mechanism to simultaneously address economic, environmental, and comfort concerns in SPGs. Unlike existing models, our approach incorporates a hybrid demand response (HDR), combining price-based and incentive-based DR to mitigate rebound peaks and ensure stable and efficient energy usage. The model also introduces battery energy storage systems (BESS) as environmentally friendly backup sources, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and promoting sustainability. We assess the developed model across various distinct configurations: optimizing operational costs and pollution emissions independently with/without DR, optimizing both operational costs and pollution emissions concurrently with/without DR, and optimizing operational costs, user comfort, and pollution emissions simultaneously with/without DR. The experimental findings reveal that the developed model performs better than the multi-objective bird swarm optimization (MOBSO) algorithm across metrics, including operational cost, user comfort, and pollution emissions. • Presenting a multi-objective model for energy management via day-ahead scheduling in smart grids. • Enhancing day-ahead scheduling with renewables and demand response strategies. • Introducing a probabilistic model for solar and wind energy uncertainty prediction. • Proposing a hybrid demand response to lower peak energy demand and prevent rebound peaks. • Utilizing MOWDO algorithm for optimal Pareto fronts exploration to achieve tri-objective optimization: cost, emissions, and user comfort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many different places, wind energy has the potential to solve many challenges. Reducing dependency on distant power networks increases energy security, provides an alternative to energy independence, and advances environmental sustainability as a renewable energy source. Furthermore, the development of wind energy established in these regions improves regional economies and creates possibilities for employment in manufacturing, construction, maintenance, and operation. Landowners might receive more revenue from wind farms through land leasing agreements. Furthermore, wind energy diversifies the energy mix, reducing its vulnerability to fluctuations in energy prices and environmental degradation and decreasing energy expenditures for individuals and companies. Sustainable energy sources are crucial to solving communities' unique energy problems. This study aims to assess Saudi Arabia's wind energy potential. It completes assessments of wind resource availability, site suitability, wind turbine technology, energy output, environmental impact, and economic viability. Statistical techniques such as time series analysis, regression analysis, and probability distributions are utilized to understand and improve wind farm efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The latest advancements in Vehicle‐to‐Grid (V2G) technology enable Electric Vehicles (EVs) to contribute to Frequency Regulation (FR), mitigating the impact of uncertain power fluctuations in renewable resources. However, diverse cyber‐attacks pose threats to the Load Frequency Control (LFC) system and smart grid infrastructure, compromising their accuracy and reliability. This research paper focuses on the effects of cyber‐attacks on frequency regulation in a smart grid system that relies on a communication network. The study proposes a two‐area system and a modified IEEE‐39 bus three‐area system, incorporating intermittent solar photovoltaic and wind turbine sources, traditional conventional sources, and electric vehicles. To ensure frequency stabilization and tie‐line power, the researchers introduce a cascade FOPIDN‐(1+TD) controller. Its parameters are optimized using a novel Quasi Opposition Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm (QOAOA). The proposed approach's dynamic response is compared with other commonly used controllers, demonstrating its effectiveness in maintaining stability. The article focuses on the LFC system and presents a novel approach involving a cyber‐physical model. It introduces a method for detecting and defending against cyber‐attacks using deep learning, specifically utilizing the Long‐Short‐Term‐Memory (LSTM) network. The effectiveness of the proposed defense strategy is demonstrated through experiments conducted on both a two‐area interconnected power system and the IEEE‐39 bus system. The outcomes indicate that the suggested defense mechanism effectively maintains acceptable levels of power system frequency and tie‐line power during cyber‐attacks. Additionally, the validity of the controller's performance is verified through real‐time analysis using Hardware‐In‐The‐Loop (HIL) simulation with the OPAL‐RT platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to adopt the dynamic capabilities view to investigate the relationship between managerial ties (i.e. business and political ties), dynamic capabilities and innovation climate on ambidextrous innovation (i.e. balanced and combined ambidextrous innovation), in the renewable and sustainable energy context. It also examines the mediating effects of dynamic capabilities between managerial ties and ambidextrous innovation (i.e. balanced and combined ambidextrous innovation), and moderating effects between dynamic capabilities and ambidextrous innovation relationships. Design/methodology/approach: Multilevel analyses conducted using AMOS 26 on 288 employees working in 47 UAE energy firms. Findings: Results found that business ties influences balanced and combined ambidextrous innovation indirectly, whereas political ties only impact combined ambidextrous innovation indirectly through dynamic capabilities. Dynamic capabilities insignificantly mediated managerial ties–ambidextrous innovation and political ties–balanced ambidextrous innovation relationships, with stronger indirect effect on combined than on the balanced dimension. Findings also indicate that innovation climate is the crucial moderator between dynamic compatibilities and ambidextrous innovation, as well as balanced and combined ambidextrous innovation, with stronger effect on balanced dimension than the combined. Originality/value: This study addresses recent calls by highlighting the role of dynamic capabilities, an important yet underexplored organizational capabilities in the innovation and ambidexterity literature. Also, this study advances insight into how balanced and combined exploration–exploitation innovation and dynamic capabilities are connected and enhances the understanding into how organizational factors stimulate dynamic capabilities leading to superior innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Przegląd Elektrotechniczny is the property of Przeglad Elektrotechniczny and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the context of climate policy, measures are being taken around the world to reduce pollution. These have been intensified in the areas of transport, industry, and energy, with the goal of zero emissions. The role of the biogas plant in energy transition and as a waste treatment plant for disposal is very important. This article describes research on a dynamic anaerobic digestion (AD) process plant. The subject of this study was leather shavings, which is a problematic waste. The research presented here is intended to demonstrate the decomposition of the flesh in the process, to confirm its biogas yield, and to evaluate the biological and technical parameters of the process. High biochemical stability was achieved for each of the tests evaluated, and no specific technical requirements were demonstrated. The only technical aspect to be addressed during operation was sedimentation, which can be solved by preparing the mixture earlier or by changing the mixing method. This made it reasonable to investigate the material further in the context of an industrial project. The characteristics of protein degradation in the AD process resulted in a high methane content in the biogas, above 65%. It was also observed that the long conditioning time of biogas in the gas cushion favourably affected the proportion of methane in biogas. Analytical results confirmed 77.5% methane content, which was a very good result. This paper presents the results of a surprising effect of chromium, primarily Cr (III), on the performance of anaerobic digestion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bioeconomy seeks to replace fossil fuels with biomass in various products and industrial sectors. The dominant political bioeconomy project focuses on economic growth and aims to increase biomass demand in the EU. This can exacerbate global land use competition and pressures on ecosystems. However, this project does not consider reducing resource use to tackle biophysical limits. Technological innovations are the means for ensuring sustainability. Few social scientific studies have investigated how actors reproduce or question the dominant bioeconomy project. We contribute to this research gap by using critical policy analysis. We explore how actors address biophysical limits and assert their positions and strategies in policy conflicts stemming from the EU bioeconomy strategy. We thereby identified two central conflicts: regulating bio-based plastics and the cascading use of biomass. Our analysis included position papers, policy documents, and expert interviews. We grouped the actors based on their positions and strategies into three political bioeconomy projects. Thus, in addition to the dominant growth-oriented project, we identified a circular and sufficiency-oriented one. Our analysis indicates that these alternative projects influenced bio-based plastics and bioenergy policies to acknowledge biophysical limits. EU policy even provides measures to reduce plastic use. Nevertheless, the Renewable Energy Directive's approach to cascading use reflects a compromise with the growth-oriented project that might not cap using primary biomass for energy. Overall, we demonstrate that there are potential alliances in promoting alternatives to the dominant bioeconomy project. Setting clear limits is constrained by powerful interests advocating for a growth-oriented bioeconomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ups and downs of climate policy uncertainty (CPU) cast a captivating shadow over the budgets allocated to renewable energy (RE) technologies, where strategic choices and risk assessment will determine the course of our green environmental revolution. The main intention of this investigation is to scrutinize the effect of CPU on the RE technology budgets (RETBs) in the top 10 countries with the highest RE research and development budgets (the USA, China, South Korea, India, Germany, the United Kingdom, France, Japan, Australia, and Italy). Although former researchers have typically employed panel data tools to contemplate the connection between CPU and RE technology, they repeatedly ignored variations in this connection throughout different economies. In contrast, our research adopts a unique approach, "quantile‐on‐quantile," to check this association at the country‐to‐country level. This approach offers a comprehensive worldwide perspective while procuring tailor‐made perceptions for individual economies. The outcomes suggest that CPU significantly decreases RETBs across several data quantiles in our sample nations. In addition, the outcomes underscore that the connections between our variables differ among nations. These outcomes highlight the significance of policymakers implementing thorough appraisals and skillfully governing plans relevant to CPU and RETBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent times, the literature has seen considerable growth in research at the intersection of CO2 emission, health expenditure, and economic growth. But looking at the literature, it appears that the relationship between health expenditures, CO2 emissions, and economic growth is unclear. To resolve this uncertainty, this study was conducted with different data, countries, and methods. To this end, the present study analyzed the nexus between CO2 emissions, health expenditure, and economic growth in Türkiye from 1975 to 2020 using the Autoregressive Distributed Lagged (ARDL) model developed by Pesaran et al. (J Appl Econ 16(3):289–326, 2001). The study reveals a connection between CO2 emissions, health spending, and economic development in Türkiye over the long term. It also highlights a short-term correlation among these factors. The study indicates that a 1% increase in economic growth results in a 0.553 and 0.297 rise in CO2 emissions in the short and long term, respectively. That is, it suggests that if economic growth in Türkiye doesn't involve renewable energy, it could negatively affect CO2 emissions both in the short and long term. To address this, substantial efforts are needed to transition to low-carbon technologies like renewable energy and energy efficiency, aiming to reduce emissions and support long-term economic growth. The study further demonstrates that a 1% growth in health expenditure leads to a 0.124% decrease in CO2 emissions over the long term. This implies that Türkiye's health sector could benefit from utilizing more renewable energy or using fossil fuels more efficiently. Additionally, the study warns that long-term population growth could negatively affect CO2 emissions in Türkiye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biomass, as a renewable and clean energy source, can be utilized for partial fuel substitution through the process of fast pyrolysis, which converts it into bio-oil. However, the presence of naturally occurring metallic elements in biomass has an adverse effect on its pyrolysis process. In this study, the aqueous fraction separated from biomass pyrolysis liquid, characterized by its acidity and high water content, was used for washing pretreatment of walnut shells. The analysis of the treated walnut shells was meticulously conducted employing techniques, including inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, thermogravimetric analyzer, and pyrolyzer-gas chromatography/mass spectrometer. The results indicate that this method has a positive influence on the composition and structure of walnut shells, with removal rates of 75% for Na and 45% for K. The thermal decomposition peak on the thermogravimetric curve became more distinct and shifted to higher temperatures. In additionally, the maximum weight loss rate increases to 0.83 °C/%, and the final residue decreased to 17%. The yields of acids and ketones in the pyrolysis products decreased by 49.43% and 53.69%, respectively. Meanwhile, the yields of phenols and sugars increased by 17.43% and 80%, respectively. Furthermore, the influence of pyrolysis conditions (temperature and time) on the pyrolysis products was investigated, and the optimal pyrolysis conditions (500 °C and 20 s) were determined. Therefore, washing pretreatment of the aqueous part of pyrolysis liquid can effectively enhance the quality of biomass and pyrolysis products. It not only contributes to improving the utilization value of pyrolysis liquid by-product but also holds practical significance for the sustainable use of resources and energy production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes non-hydroelectric renewable capacity across 27 European countries from 2000 to 2020, using advanced econometric techniques like the Dumitrescu and Hurlin panel Granger non-causality method, Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag and Panel Quantile Autoregressive Distributed Lag estimations. This investigation reveals complex relationships extending beyond immediate variables. These relationships, rooted in pairwise causalities and broader interactions, underpin observed phenomena. Causality tests show that achieving non-hydroelectric renewable capacity is a long-term endeavor, emphasizing persistent policy approaches for effective energy transition. Three key variables emerge as potent policy drivers: maintaining an environment conducive to economic freedom, fostering financial development, and driving non-hydroelectric renewable patents' research and development. These variables play a pivotal role in capacity expansion. Additionally, the findings of this empirical investigation spotlight the role of political orientations. Leftist governments have lagged in prioritizing energy transition, prompting questions about neglecting environmental concerns and necessitating comprehensive policy reform. In essence, this study offers novel insights into non-hydroelectric renewable energy deployment. By unraveling complex relationships, emphasizing persistent policies, and identifying key variables, this investigation provides a nuanced perspective in line with sustainable energy transition urgency. As global ecological imperatives heighten, our work guides informed policy decisions for a greener future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to explore the potential of available renewable energy resources such as solar, wind, biomass and ocean energy and select the best suitable renewable energy resource considering technical, economic, environmental, and social constraints as the main criteria. Five sub-criteria are considered for each main criterion, and these twenty sub-criteria are considered for ranking renewable energy resources using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The investment cost of the system having the relative weight of 57.94%. Hence it is recommended to choose the renewable energy source having higher value over the economic aspect. The results also showed that the efficiency of the system is the first prioritized criteria among the technical sub criteria with a relative weight of 38.86%. Similarly, land requirement for the implementation of renewable energy system is the first prioritized criteria (43.38%) among the five environmental sub criteria.The overall results from the AHP showed that economic criteria are the more important aspect with a relative weight of 45.04% followed by Technical, environmental and social criteria with relative weights of 22.5%, 14.16% and 12.62% respectively.For Prioritization of renewable energy resources, the study region divided into nine smaller blocks for investigation using AHP and the hierarchical results showed that solar energy is of highest priority in block 2 whereas wind energy potential is higher in blocks 5 and 9. Due to the dense population and widespread agricultural plantations, Bioenergy has average priority over the entire study region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims at exploring the role of water investment, agricultural land expansion, economic growth, and renewable energy in improving environmental quality (CO2 emissions) in China under the linear and nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lags (ARDL and the NARDL) methods covering the 1994–2019 period. The motivation for choosing China for empirical research is that optimum control of pollution in China can improve global environmental quality and combat global warming. The empirical results provide strong evidence for a cointegration relationship between the variables considered. Our study contributes to the existing literature by rejecting two hypotheses. First, we demonstrate from the literature that water investments in China can improve environmental quality. Second, our findings suggest that agricultural land expansion can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Our findings suggest that Chinese policymakers should further promote "green agriculture" and encourage the use of renewable energy through "taxes" to control polluting activities and "subsidies," establishing a "punishment and relief" strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the framework of sustainable ecology, financial sustainability takes on greater significance. As a result, this study examines the impact of financial development (bank adequacy) on both renewable energy and carbon emissions for Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries from 2005 to 2020, using institutional quality (government stability and corruption control) as a moderating factor while controlling for FDI, population growth, and urbanization. However, for the investigation, the quantile-on-quantile regression technique was used, while the fixed effect OLS and Driscoll Kraay OLS techniques were used as robustness checks. The first model outcome reveals that all the variables have a positively significant connection with renewable energy. This implies that higher bank capital adequacy-augmented liquid assets, heightened asset returns, and enhanced investment viability. prospects may encourage physical asset outlays of companies operating in greening. But for the second model, financial development, FDI, and government stability have a positive relationship with carbon emissions, which confirms the presence of the pollutant haven hypothesis for the understudied countries while controlling corruption, population, and urbanization to decrease ecological degradation. This outcome implies that excess-investment clean energy enterprises intermediary effect of liquidity of banks for the understudy countries. Moreover, this study adds to the current literature by comparing the financial development (capital adequacy of banks) in GCC countries that are leaders in climate finance and by highlighting the role that bank capital adequacy plays in strengthening environmental laws to promote investment in renewable energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examine technology adoption and consumer welfare disparities across demographic groups using data from an online solar photovoltaic (PV) marketplace. Low-income households are 25% less likely to purchase solar through the platform and obtain 53% lower expected consumer surplus than high-income households. Moreover, Black and Hispanic households are relatively less likely to purchase solar through the platform and obtain lower consumer surplus than White and Asian households. We develop a method to decompose the drivers of consumer welfare disparities between demographic groups. Differences in demand fully account for the consumer surplus disparities between high- and low-income households and between White and Hispanic households. However, supply-side factors explain 37% of the consumer surplus gap between White and Black households. Black households get relatively fewer bids and face higher prices, and installers have higher implied costs to serve them. Finally, we assess counterfactuals that offer targeted price discounts to certain demographic groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable energy resources possess unique characteristics—intermittency and uncertainty—that pose challenges to electricity grid operations. We study these characteristics and find that uncertainty, represented by wind forecast error, has larger grid impacts than intermittency, represented by hourly wind generation changes. Compared to wind generation that was correctly forecast, uncertainty yields roughly double the effect on the marginal cost of operating the grid and greater adjustment costs as conventional generators must start up to balance the grid. While this finding is important given the persistence of wind generation uncertainty over our study period, reducing wind forecast error to the level of demand forecast error would lower costs by a modest half a million dollars per year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental pollution and global warming caused by fossil fuels have become increasingly serious issues. Therefore, it is urgent to explore novel strategies to obtain sustainable, renewable and clean energy. Fortunately, ambient energy harvesting technologies, which are receiving increasing attention, provide an optimal solution. Additionally, the investigation of two-dimensional (2D) materials represented by transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) significantly facilitates the advancement of ambient energy harvesting technologies due to their unique properties, enabling the application of ambient energy harvesting. Herein, we summarized recent advances in the application of TMDs in thermal energy harvesting, osmotic energy harvesting, mechanical energy harvesting, water energy harvesting and radiofrequency energy harvesting respectively. In the meanwhile, we listed some representative structure and device optimization strategies for enhancing the energy conversion performance of these ambient energy harvesters, aiming to provide valuable insights for future investigations towards further optimization. Finally, we highlight the pressing issues currently faced in the application of the TMDs ambient energy harvesting technologies and propose some potential solutions to these challenges. We aimed to provide a comprehensive review in the applications of the energy harvesting technologies, in order to provide innovative insights for optimizing existing TMDs-based technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing penetration of renewable energy in power system, renewable energy power ramp events (REPREs), dominated by wind power and photovoltaic power, pose significant threats to the secure and stable operation of power systems. This paper presents an early warning method for REPREs based on long short-term memory (LSTM) network and fuzzy logic. First, the warning levels of REPREs are defined by assessing the control costs of various power control measures. Then, the next 4-h power support capability of external grid is estimated by a tie line power prediction model, which is constructed based on the LSTM network. Finally, considering the risk attitudes of dispatchers, fuzzy rules are employed to address the boundary value attribution of the early warning interval, improving the rationality of power ramp event early warning. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can generate reasonable early warning levels for REPREs, guiding decision-making for control strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigating flexibility and stability boosting transmission expansion planning (TEP) methods can increase the renewable energy (RE) consumption of the power systems. In this study, we propose a bi-level TEP method for voltage-source-converter-based direct current (VSC-DC), focusing on flexibility and stability enhancement. First, we established the TEP framework of VSC-DC, by introducing the evaluation indices to quantify the power system flexibility and stability. Subsequently, we propose a bi-level VSC-DC TEP model: the upper-level model acquires the optimal VSC-DC planning scheme by using the improved moth flame optimization (IMFO) algorithm, and the lower-level model evaluates the flexibility through time-series production simulation. Finally, we applied the proposed VSC-DC TEP method to the modified IEEE-24 and IEEE-39 test systems, and obtained the optimal VSC-DC planning schemes. The results verified that the proposed method can achieve excellent RE curtailment with high flexibility and stability. Furthermore, the well-designed IMFO algorithm outperformed the traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO) and moth flame optimization (MFO) algorithms, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of China's "double carbon" goals and rural revitalization strategy, the energy transition promotes the large-scale integration of distributed renewable energy into rural power grids. Considering the operational characteristics of rural microgrids and their impact on users, this paper establishes a two-layer scheduling model incorporating flexible loads. The upper-layer aims to minimize the comprehensive operating cost of the rural microgrid, while the lower-layer aims to minimize the total electricity cost for rural users. An Improved Adaptive Genetic Algorithm (IAGA) is proposed to solve the model. Results show that the two-layer scheduling model with flexible loads can effectively smooth load fluctuations, enhance microgrid stability, increase clean energy consumption, and balance microgrid operating costs with user benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A modular system of cascaded converters based on model predictive control (MPC) is proposed to meet the application requirements of multiple voltage levels and electrical isolation in renewable energy generation systems. The system consists of a Buck/Boost + CLLLC cascaded converter as a submodule, which is combined in series and parallel on the input and output sides to achieve direct-current (DC) voltage transformation, bidirectional energy flow, and electrical isolation. The CLLLC converter operates in DC transformer mode in the submodule, while the Buck/Boost converter participates in voltage regulation. This article establishes a suitable mathematical model for the proposed system topology, and uses MPC to control the system based on this mathematical model. Module parameters are designed and calculated, and simulation is built in MATLAB/Simulink to complete the simulation comparison experiment between MPC and traditional proportional integral (PI) control. Finally, a physical experimental platform is built to complete the physical comparison experiment. The simulation and physical experimental results prove that the control accuracy and response speed of MPC are better than traditional PI control strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to the global shift toward renewable energy, wind energy is a pivotal player in sustainability. Floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) emerge as a promising solution for expanding wind energy into economically challenging deep waters. Despite their potential, challenges persist, necessitating a thorough understanding of the complex coupling effects between wind turbine aerodynamics and hydrodynamics, particularly during the design phase. This study highlights this critical need and extends its scope to review the relevant existing literature. The paper provides insights into the design considerations and assessment methodologies crucial for both new structures and the evaluation of existing ones. Through modeling in the Ashes wind turbine software, the study reveals that platform surge motion significantly impacts rotor performance, causing rotor power and thrust fluctuations. By comparing various wind and sea states with baseline testing, the study underscores the necessity of coupling aerodynamic and hydrodynamic forces for accurate performance predictions. Besides, the paper offers actionable recommendations for designing and optimizing FOWTs, and sheds light on the challenges and opportunities within offshore wind energy, offering valuable guidance for engineers working toward sustainable energy solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, geothermal energy has demonstrated significant potential as a sustainable and renewable energy resource for space conditioning. However, developing nations like India have not yet adopted this technology for space heating and cooling, despite experiencing satisfactory seasonal variation in ambient temperatures in many places. Furthermore, the thermo-mechanical behavior of geothermal energy piles in the specific soil and climatic conditions of the area has not been investigated. The present study aims to numerically explore the thermo-mechanical response of a geothermal energy pile in the local soil under the climatic conditions of Jamshedpur, a city in Eastern India. The study analyzed the shear stress at the interface of the pile and adjacent soil, the displacement of the pile head, middle, and toe, and the volumetric strain of the soil. The results of this study was validated and compared with previous studies and found a good agreement with it. The maximum displacement for mechanical loading was observed to be 16 mm in sand and 11.4 mm in layered soil, respectively, for an L/d ratio of 15. Under thermo-mechanical loading, the change in displacement was 0.7 mm in sand and 0.4 mm in layered soil. The maximum shear stress was developed at the toe, reaching 60 kN/m2 for L/d = 15. The obtained results reveal an encouraging outcome and help in gaining confidence in constructing geothermal energy piles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Power quality is improved by utilizing solar inverters in electrical grids and this study probes it. A combination of the solar power system with wind energy management using the multi-objective particle swarm optimization (CMOPSO) algorithm is employed in this system. Control calculations are based on Clark and reverse Clark transformations and facilitated by a phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit. STATCOM helps maintain voltage levels and mitigate power quality issues. Power quality (PQ) monitoring tracks voltage variations and noise. Conversely, the study addresses challenges in integrating renewables using the multi-objective multi-verse optimization (MOMVO) algorithm. MATLAB is used for control, monitoring, and analysis. Results show voltage distortion, but the proposed method achieves 92% higher efficiency, demonstrating its effectiveness. This validates the importance of photovoltaic (PV) technology for integrating renewable energy sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, Poland has seen a rapid increase in installed capacity in the renewable energy sources (RES) sector. This increase mainly concerns weather-dependent sources such as PV and wind installations, whose intermittent operation destabilizes the Polish power system (PPS). The solution to fluctuations in PPS operating parameters are stable and controllable RES sources, among which demand-driven biogas plants (with an energy storage in the form of biogas) have a special development potential. The aim of this paper was to describe the construction and principles of operation of peak biogas plants and to analyze the possibilities of including them in the operation of PPS. The paper shows the fundamental differences between the operation of typical biogas plants (producing electricity and heat continuously) and demand-driven biogas plants, in which biogas production takes place continuously, while electricity production occurs periodically, during the highest demand for power during the day. It was found that demand-driven biogas plants are a promising alternative to the previously used coal-fired units, battery energy storage units and pumped-storage power plants and in the future they may act as a stabilizer of the National Power System, achieving available electrical power of up to 11.1 GW. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To meet the temperature goal set by the Paris Agreement, cumulative CO2 emissions must be kept below 300 GtCO2. Road transportation accounted for approximately 18% of the CO2 emissions from fuel combustion in 2017. Electric vehicles (EVs) have been rapidly adopted by environmentally conscious consumers in many countries to reduce CO2 emissions. EVs have lower emission intensities than do internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) in most parts of the world, except where the penetration of renewable energy is low in the energy production mix. In such places, the CO2 emissions of EVs are larger than those of ICEVs. Despite the obvious need to increase renewable energy sources to reduce CO2 emissions, Japan and many other countries around the world have yet to shift away from fossil fuels. This is due in part to carbon lock-in, which refers to prior decisions related to technologies and infrastructure that constrain the implementation of better paths toward low-carbon technologies. Coal-fired power plants are the most problematic in terms of carbon lock-in because of their high carbon intensities and long physical lives. In addition, because carbon lock-in by coal-fired power plants has a significant impact on the embodied CO2 intensity of grid power, it impacts society through products that use electric power. In this study, we propose a hybrid simulation model of lifecycle simulation and replacement simulation, considering carbon lock-in by coal-fired power plants. In the replacement simulation, we simulated the replacement of end-of-life coal- and oil-fired power plants with renewable energy power plants using a probability called the lock-in rate and estimated the changes in the embodied CO2 intensity of grid power in Japan. In the lifecycle simulation, we evaluated cumulative CO2 emissions from entire product lifecycles of ICEVs and EVs based on three different EV diffusion scenarios. The results showed that the lock-in rate of coal-fired power plants strongly affects the decarbonization effect due to the market diffusion of EVs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy sector is strategically important and plays a major role in a nation's development policies. Climate change, global warming, and rising energy costs all have contributed to a rising demand for renewable energy in recent years. As a result, in recent decades, concerns regarding solar energy, one of the most significant renewable energy sources, have grown in number. This study investigated the empirical solar correlations for the Ethiopian province of Mychew Tabia Smret, which was created in Ethiopia and a few other nations. By identifying the closest model based on collected data, the statistical compatibility of the solar radiation models under inspection was examined. In addition to specific to the region climate data, an Angstroms model forecast had been developed at the Mychew Tabia Smret location to estimate worldwide sun radiation. The corresponding values are 0.9824, 0.9658, 0.9215, 0.9125, and 0.9056, respectively. The available mean monthly solar energy distribution was determined to be 192 kWh/m2, while the mean annual solar energy was estimated as around 2339.2 kWh/m2. The estimated statistical parameters such as R2, MBE, RMSE, MPE, MAPE, t-sat, and e% method was addressed for the porpuse of testing the models' acceptance. The understanding reveals that the crosschecked quadratic model is the most preferable model for Mychew Tabia Smret's solar radiation distribution, with a higher R2 value of 0.9823 compared to linear, logarithmic, exponential power, and exponential models. The quadratic model has a coefficient of determination of 98.23% R2 statistic, making it best alternative for predicting and estimating solar radiation distributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. To enhance the quality of power and ensure a consistent electricity supply, this study proposes the utilization of a unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) system integrated with solar photovoltaic (PV) technology. The innovation involves single DC-link connecting back-to-back voltage-compensating components arranged in series and shunt, forming the PV-UPQC. The shunt compensator utilizes energy from a PV array to address harmonics in the load current. The objective is to mitigate voltage dips and spikes by injecting voltage that is either in phase with or out of phase with the common coupling point through a series compensator. The method combines the benefits of generating renewable energy to enhance electrical quality. The goal of the paper is the power quality enhancement of grid-integrated solar PV system. The novelty of the proposed work consists of enhancement of grid-integrated solar PV system with UPQC. The purpose of integrating a UPQC into a grid-connected solar PV system is to enhance power quality by mitigating issues such as voltage fluctuations, harmonics and reactive power imbalance. Methods. The proposed topology is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink with grid-integrated solar PV system with UPQC. Results. Integrating UPQC with a grid-connected solar PV system yields substantial improvements in power quality. This includes effectively mitigating voltage fluctuations and harmonics, resulting in smoother operation and reduced disturbances on the grid. Practical value. The proposed topology has proven to be extremely useful for grid-integrated solar PV system with UPQC applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. This paper presents the novel design and analysis of a hybrid renewable energy system that combines a wave energy converter (WEC) with a floating photovoltaic (FPV) system for offshore installation, with a specific focus on Oran as a case study. The purpose of integrating these two technologies is to harness both wave and solar energy, thereby maximizing energy output and enhancing the reliability of renewable energy sources in offshore environments. The goal of this study is to develop a hybrid system that leverages the complementary nature of WEC and FPV technologies to maximize energy output and improve reliability. By integrating these technologies, the system aims to overcome the limitations of standalone energy systems. The methodology includes selecting suitable WEC and FPV technologies, optimizing their configurations, and analyzing their combined performance under various environmental conditions. To assess the energy production potential, structural stability, and economic feasibility of the hybrid system, computational simulations and data analysis are employed. This comprehensive approach ensures rigorous testing and optimization for real-world applications. The results demonstrate substantial improvements in energy yield and system resilience compared to standalone WEC or FPV systems. The hybrid system shows enhanced performance, particularly in consistent energy output and structural robustness. These findings indicate that combining WEC and FPV technologies can lead to more reliable and efficient offshore renewable energy solutions. The practical values are significant, providing insights into efficient and sustainable offshore renewable energy solutions. By focusing on Oran, it offers a localized perspective that can be adapted to similar coastal areas globally, contributing to the advancement of renewable energy technologies. The hybrid system’s enhanced reliability and efficiency support the broader goal of sustainable energy development in marine environments, highlighting its potential for widespread application and impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]