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Single-molecule magnets (SMMs) are a group of coordination complexes consisting of magnetic atoms and organic ligands, in which the coupling between the spin and local vibrational modes is of critical importance for magnetic relaxation. Vibronic barriers due to spin–phonon coupling have recently been proven to provide explanations for the under-barrier relaxation and anomalously low Raman exponents, two puzzles that have eluded researchers in this area over the decades and pervaded many experiments. Two studies (Phys. Rev. Lett. 2020, 125, 117203 and Phys. Rev. B 2021, 103, 014401) have elucidated them as being a result of a multi optical phonon-assisted Raman process in disguise, which introduces the gist and wide implication of this relaxation mechanism. This theory deductively unifies different magnetic relaxation processes in a quantum way, which can also be applied for more general systems.

Direct endoscopic necrosectomy (DEN) with lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMSs) is increasingly used in the management of pancreatic walled-off necrosis (WON). However, it still remains unknown which patients will fail to respond to DEN with LAMSs and require additional surgical intervention. Therefore, the aim of our study was to explore predictors of successful DEN with LAMSs for pancreatic WON.This is a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database. All consecutive patients who underwent DEN with LAMSs for pancreatic WON were included. Collected data were demographics, disease severity, morphologic features, and procedure characteristics. Potential factors affecting DEN outcome were predefined and analyzed.One hundred one consecutive patients undergoing DEN with LAMSs for WON were identified, among whom 4 patients were excluded for technical failure (n = 1) and previous debridement without LAMSs (n = 3). In the 97 included patients, clinical success was achieved in 79 patients (81.4%). In logistic multivariable regression, 3 independent factors were negatively associated with success of DEN with LAMSs: increasing Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (odds ratio [OR], .70; 95% confidence interval [CI], .55-.90; P = .005),50% pancreatic necrosis (OR, .16; 95% CI, .03-.77; P = .022), and paracolic gutter extension (OR, .08; 95% CI, .02-.42; P = .003). A receiver-operating characteristic curve of the prediction model with these 3 factors demonstrated an area under the curve of .926.Paracolic gutter extension, increasing Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, and50% gland necrosis are negative predictors for success of DEN with LAMSs in WON. This prediction model with nomogram may be helpful in clinical decision-making and prognostication.

Endosomal trafficking is an essential cellular process that regulates a broad range of biological events. Proteins are internalized from the plasma membrane and then transported to the early endosomes. The internalized proteins could be transited to the lysosome for degradation or recycled back to the plasma membrane. A robust endocytic recycling pathway is required to balance the removal of membrane materials from endocytosis. Various proteins are reported to regulate the pathway, including ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6). Density gradient ultracentrifugation is a classical method for cell fractionation. After the centrifugation, organelles are sedimented at their isopycnic surface. The fractions are collected and used for other downstream applications. Described here is a protocol to obtain a recycling endosome-containing fraction from transfected mammalian cells using density gradient ultracentrifugation. The isolated fractions were subjected to standard Western blotting for analyzing their protein contents. By employing this method, we identified that the plasma membrane targeting of engulfment and cell motility 1 (ELMO1), a Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1) guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is through ARF6-mediated endocytic recycling.

Although single-molecule magnets (SMMs) have been considered as the smallest entity to store binary information, the ability to retain the magnetization in one direction for more than 100 seconds is still below liquid nitrogen boiling point (77 K). One of the effective ways to enhance the magnetic blocking temperature is to couple the anisotropic magnetic centers in a proper manner. However, this has been only succeeded in the radical-bridged SMMs so far. For non-radical bridges the 100-second blocking temperature is still not seen. Here we report the best non-radical bridged dimeric SMM - {[Dy(OtBu)(4-NH2py)5]2(µ-Cl)}[BPh4]3 1 - with an energy barrier to magnetization reversal of 1302(6) K and 100-second blocking temperature near 8 K. Compared to the similar local C5v symmetric mononuclear complex [Dy(OtBu)Cl(py)5]BPh4 2, the much higher performance of dimeric 1 is attributed to the pseudo-D5h symmetry and "head-to-tail" linked Dy(III) principle magnetic via the collinear Dy‒Cl‒Dy exchange-coupling pathway.

Molecules with long preserved magnetic moments are perceived as the smallest units for storing bytes, which could bring a new revolution for information technology. However, the rational design of such molecules remains challenging. Here we show it is possible to predesign such molecules by studying the vibration spectra. Two adamantanol based dysprosium(III) complexes with pentagonal-bipyramidal local geometry were theoretically predicted to display enhanced single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior due to the reduced vibration modes in low energy regimes. The experimental isolation of these two complexes not only confirms this prediction, but further reveals almost unchanged large energy barriers and high blocking temperatures in solution state. This is never observed in previous studies of SMMs, indicating that the adamantanol ligand is rigid enough to make the complexes exhibiting intrinsic magnetic property in solution. As vibration spectrometer is routinely accessible in common laboratories this work provides a facile strategy to construct high-performance SMMs.

Recently, Chinese event detection has attracted more and more attention. As a special kind of hieroglyphics, Chinese glyphs are semantically useful but still unexplored in this task. In this paper, we propose a novel Glyph-Aware Fusion Network, named GlyFN. It introduces the glyphs' information into the pre-trained language model representation. To obtain a better representation, we design a Vector Linear Fusion mechanism to fuse them. Specifically, it first utilizes a max-pooling to capture salient information. Then, we use the linear operation of vectors to retain unique information. Moreover, for large-scale unstructured text, we distribute the data into different clusters parallelly. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments on ACE2005 and large-scale data. Experimental results show that GlyFN obtains increases of 7.48(10.18%) and 6.17(8.7%) in the F1-score for trigger identification and classification over the state-of-the-art methods, respectively. Furthermore, the event detection task for large-scale unstructured text can be efficiently accomplished through distribution.

Systematic substituent variations on amidinate ligands bring delicate changes of CrN4 coordination in a family of chromium(II) complexes with the common formula of Cr(RNC(CH3)NR)2, where R = iPr (1), Cy (2), Dipp (Dipp = 2, 6-diisopropylphenyl) (3), and tBu (4). With the largest substituent group, 4 shows the largest distortion of the N4 coordination geometry from square-planar to seesaw shape, which leads to its field-induced single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior. This is an indication that 4 has the strongest axial magnetic anisotropy and/or optimized magnetic relaxation process. Combined with high-frequency/field electron paramagnetic resonance (HF-EPR) experiments and ab initio calculations, we deduce that the smallest energy gap between ground 4Ψ0 and the first excited 4Ψ1 orbitals in 4 contributes the most to its strongest magnetic anisotropy. Moreover, the lower E value of 4 ensures its being a field-induced SMM. Specifically, the D and E values were found to be correlated to the dihedral angle between the ΔN1CrN2 and ΔN3CrN4 triangles, indicating that distortion from ideal square-planar geometry to the seesaw help increase axial magnetic anisotropy and suppress the transversal part. Thus, the study on this system not only expands the family of Cr(II)-based SMMs but also contributes to a deeper understanding of magneto-structural correlation in four-coordinate Cr(II) SMMs.

2D magnetic materials with dimerized honeycomb lattices can be treated as mixed‐spin square lattices, in which a quantum phase transition may occur to realize the Bose–Einstein condensation of magnons under reachable experimental conditions. However, this has never been successfully realized with integer spin centers. Herein, a spin integer (S = 2) dimerized honeycomb lattice in an iron(II)‐azido compound [Fe(4‐etpy)2(N3)2]n (FEN, 4‐etpy = 4‐ethylpyridine) is realized. Morphology characterization by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy spectroscopies show that the thinnest place of the sample is ≈13 nm, which is equal to ten layers of the compound. In contrast to the common magnetic properties of long‐range magnetic ordering, Mössbauer and polarized neutron scattering studies reveal that FEN exhibits a reentrant spin glass behavior owing to competing ferro‐ and antiferromagnetic exchange‐coupling interactions within the lattice. Two spin glass phases with disparate canting angles are characterized at 39 and 28 K, respectively. By using Curély's model, two exchange‐coupling constants (J1 = +35.8 cm−1 and J2 = −3.7 cm−1) can be simulated. Moreover, a very large coercive field of ≈1.9 Tesla is observed at 2 K, making FEN a “very hard” van der Waals 2D magnetic material.

Periodical silver nanoparticle (NP) arrays were fabricated by magnetron sputtering method with anodic aluminum oxide templates to enhance the UV light emission from ZnO by the surface plasmon resonance effect. Theoretical simulations indicated that the surface plasmon resonance wavelength depended on the diameter and space of Ag NP arrays. By introducing Ag NP arrays with the diameter of 40 nm and space of 100 nm, the photoluminescence intensity of the near band-edge emission from ZnO was twofold enhanced. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurement and energy band analysis indicated that the UV light emission enhancement was attributed to the coupling between the surface plasmons in Ag NP arrays and the excitons in ZnO with the improved spontaneous emission rate and enhanced local electromagnetic fields.

The characteristics of the bandwidth and impedance changes of the antenna are analyzed, and the NiZn ferrite trans-mission-line transformer is applied to the six-meter spiral whip antenna to solve the problem of narrow bandwidth, and the influences of taking the conventional transformation ratio or the unconventional transformation ratio of transmission-line transformer are analyzed, and the influences of the bandwidth and reflection coefficient of the antenna are analyzed, and the suitable transmission-line transformer is determined.

Crocin is the main monomer of saffron, which is a momentous component of traditional Chinese medicine Lang Qing A Ta. Here, we tried to probe into the role of crocin in liver fibrosis. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Sirius Red staining were used to observe the pathological changes of liver tissues. After hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were isolated from liver tissues, lnc-LFAR1, MTF-1, GDNF, and α-SMA expressions were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to detect α-SMA expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to analyze the binding of MTF-1 to the GDNF promoter. Moreover, the dual-luciferase reporter gene, RNA pull-down, and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to clarify the interaction between MTF-1 and GDNF, lnc-LFAR1 and MTF-1. The degree of liver fibrosis was more severe in the mice from the liver fibrosis model, while the liver fibrosis was alleviated by the injection of crocin. lnc-LFAR1, GDNF, and α-SMA were up-regulated, and MTF-1 was down-regulated in liver fibrosis tissues and cells, while these trends were reversed after the injection of crocin. Besides, lnc-LFAR1 negatively regulated MTF-1 expression, and positively regulated GDNF and α-SMA expressions, and MTF-1 was enriched in the promoter region of GDNF. Furthermore, the cellular direct interactions between MTF-1 and GDNF, lnc-LFAR1 and MTF-1 were verified. In vivo experiments confirmed the relief of crocin on liver fibrosis. Our research expounded that crocin restrained the activation of HSCs through the lnc-LFAR1/MTF-1/GDNF axis, thereby ameliorating liver fibrosis.

Task migration is a well-established method for improving the reliability and achieving the load balancing of systems. Nowadays, multiple processes may be collaborative and they are usually dependent, increasing the difficulty of migrating them. Besides, a process may be required to be migrated to a heterogeneous computing platform according to the current usage and reliability of computer resources. This makes the process migration across heterogeneous platforms essential. This paper focuses on migrating the dependent processes that communicate through shared memory and migrating independent processes across heterogeneous platforms. Linux platform and Windows platform are considered. For the dependent processes, we migrate them mainly by tackling the problem of preserving and restoring their communication states. For the independent process migration across heterogeneous platforms, a user-level opaque checkpointing tool called CKPT is designed and implemented. CKPT strips a process from operating systems by abstracting the calculation state of the process into pure data. Its operations are simple, making it lightweight in migrating the process. Experimental results show that our proposed approach achieves the dependent process migration and heterogeneous process migration. The time overhead and space overhead of preserving the communication state on Linux platform are 8.5% and 0.55% respectively. The results on Windows platform are 7.5% and 25%. The time overhead and space overhead of CKPT in migrating heterogeneous processes are 43% and 20%. These results show the effectiveness of our approach.

Seneca Valley virus (SVV) strain (SVA/GD/China/2018) was first isolated from a buffalo farm in Guangdong, China, using seven mammalian cell lines. A genetic analysis revealed that SVA/GD/China/2018 had a high nucleotide similarity with the porcine-origin SVV strains, revealing potential cross-species transmission of SVV from pigs to buffaloes.

Three six-coordinate Dy

Three six-coordinate Dy(III) single-molecule magnets (SMMs) [Dy(OtBu)2(L)4]+ with D4h local symmetry are obtained by optimising the equatorial ligands. Compound 1 where L = 4-phenylpyridine shows an energy barrier (Ueff) of 2075(11) K, which is the third largest Ueff, and the first Ueff > 2000 K for SMMs with axial-type symmetry so far.

We report here that energy migration during luminescence can be extremely minimized by caging the fluorescent centers in a molecular cluster of [Tb6(μ3-F)8(piv)10(Hpiv)4DMF]·xDMF·yH2O 1. Experimental and theoretical simulations reveal that bonding terbium with fluoride is the key to reducing the non-radiative multi-phonon relaxation processes, which is disparate to the common hydroxy-based lanthanide clusters.

Wen-Kang Wei and Qin-Ling Chen are also at the Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Since the discovery of SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan city, China, it has been reported in over 200 other countries and caused a global pandemic. Although some studies have suggested that bats and pangolins were potential hosts, the origin of SARS-CoV-2 remains unknown and the infection evidence of transmission from animals to people is not well established.1 On 28 February and 19 March …

Here we report stable

Gastric schwannoma (GS) is not well clinically recognized and surgical resection (SR) remains the mainstay of treatment. Recently, endoscopic resection (ER) appears to be a safe and effective alternative. However, its comparative outcomes with SR is lacking. Our aim was to first compare clinical outcomes and costs between ER and SR in the management of GSs.A total of 46 consecutive patients with GSs who underwent ER (n = 16) or SR (n = 30) in our large tertiary center between July 2007 and Oct 2018 were included. Clinicopathologic features, clinical outcomes, medical costs and follow-up were retrospectively reviewed and compared between two groups.Baseline characteristics are comparable except for a smaller tumor size in ER group (22.9 vs 41.0 mm, p = 0.002). Complete resection was achieved in 87.5% of patients with ER and 100% of patients with SR (p = 0.116). The ER group had a significant shorter operative time (91.6 vs 128.2 min), less blood loss (16.9 vs 62.7 mL) and lower operation cost (21,054.4 vs 30,843.4 RMB) than SR group (all p 0.05). There was no significant difference in adverse events (12.5% vs 10%, p = 0.812) and length of postoperative hospital stay (8.3 vs 8.2 days, p = 0.945). During a long-term follow-up of mean 37.4 months (range 6-140 months), no residue, recurrence or metastasis was observed in both groups.Compared with SR, ER has the similar safety and efficacy in the management of GSs, but contributes to a shorter operation time and lower medical costs. ER may be considered as the first-line treatment, especially for patients with GSs smaller than 30 mm.

We report herein three pentagonal-bipyramidal holmium(III) complexes sharing the formula [Ho(L)2(py)5][BPh4], where L is the alkoxide ligand. For L = (OSi(CH3)3)−, a record energy barrier for magnetization reversal (Ueff = 715(6) K) was revealed, which is due to the pure state transition of mJ = |±8〉 → mJ = |±7〉 → mJ = |±6〉.

The hippocampus is one of the two niches in mammalian brain with persistent neurogenesis into adulthood. The neurogenic capability of hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs) declines with age but the molecular mechanisms of this process remain unknown. In this study, we found that fibroblast growth factors 13 (FGF13) is essential for the postnatal neurogenesis in mouse hippocampus and FGF13 deficiency impairs learning and memory. In particular, we found that the nuclear isoform of FGF13, FGF13A, is involved in the maintenance of NSCs and the suppression of neuron differentiation during postnatal hippocampal development. Furthermore, we found that FGF13A interacts with ARID1B, a unit of Brahma-associated factor chromatin remodeling complex, and suppresses the expression of neuron differentiation-associated genes through chromatin modification. Our results suggested that FGF13A is an important regulator for maintaining the self-renewal and neurogenic capacity of NSCs in postnatal hippocampus, revealing a novel epigenetic function of FGFs in neurogenesis.

We report herein a new cobalt(II/III) mixed-valence metal–organic framework formulated as [CoIICo2III(μ3-O)(bdc)3(tpt)]·guest 1, where bdc = benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate and tpt = 2,4,6-tri(4-pyridinyl)-1,3,5-triazine, which can be used as a redox-active heterogeneous catalyst for selective oxidation of cyclohexene on the allylic position without destroying the adjacent double bond. Two oxidants were chosen to demonstrate this result. For using tert-butyl hydroperoxide, the conversion rate is 63% and only allylic oxidation products (tert-butyl-2-cyclohexenyl-1-peroxide, 86%; 2-cyclohexen-1-one, 14%) are found, whereas if using O2 as oxidant, a total conversion of 38% is achieved and also only the allylic oxidation products (cyclohexenyl hydroperoxide, 72%; 2-cyclohexen-1-one, 20%; and cyclohex-2-en-1-ol, 8%) are found. The absence of any adduct on the double bond may be due to the unique radical chain mechanism triggered by the mixed-valent [CoIICo2III(μ3-O)] centers.

Through-the-Earth Communication (TEC) is very vulnerable to electromagnetic interference (EMI) and the conventional signal enhancement techniques employing local primary and remote reference antennas are unfeasible for downlink signal reception due to the limited space and complicated terrain on the receiving sites. In this paper, a novel magnetic field sensing system for downlink reception, in which multiple reference sensors are deployed locally and orthogonally with the primary receiving sensor, is introduced and the signal model is constructed from a perspective of array reception. A modified minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamformer is designed by exploiting the TEC operating conditions for suppressing the EMIs and enhancing the signal. Real tests with power line harmonic interferences (PLHIs) from household wiring in laboratory and an additional wideband jamming demonstrated a great reduction of the EMIs and thus reliable downlink signal reception could be obtained.

The early effects of three accelerators on a Ca(OH)2 activated ground granulated blast-furnace slag binder at low curing temperatures are discussed. The compressive strength, hydration kinetics, hydration products, and microstructures were investigated by isothermal calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, mercury intrusion porosimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance. Results show that accelerators continue to promote the strength development of pastes in the early stage during low-temperature curing, especially with sodium sulfate, which exhibits a higher strength and hydration degree in the early stage. However, accelerators cannot effectively improve the pore structure at low-temperature curing, which severely restricts the development of strength, compared with that at 20 °C. Furthermore, a good correlation was found between the initial strength development and the limit equivalent ionic conductivity (LEIC), suggesting that LEIC influences the reaction acceleration of blast-furnace slag at an early age.

Small heat shock proteins (sHsps) are ubiquitous and diverse molecular chaperones. Found in almost all organisms, they regulate protein refolding and protect cells from stress. Until now, no sHsp has been characterized in Eimeria tenella. In this study, the novel EtsHsp20.4 gene was cloned from E. tenella by rapid amplification of cDNA ends based on a previously identified expressed sequence tag. The full-length cDNA was 1019bp in length and contained an open reading frame of 558bp that encoded a 185-amino acid polypeptide with a calculated molecular weight of 20.4 kDa. The EtsHsp20.4 protein contained a distinct HSP20/alpha-crystallin domain that is the key determinant of their function as molecular chaperones and belongs to the HSP20 protein family. EtsHsp20.4 mRNA levels were higher in sporulated oocysts than in sporozoites or second-generation merozoites by real-time quantitative PCR, the transcription of EtsHsp20.4 was barely detectable in unsporulated oocysts. Immunolocalization with EtsHsp20.4 antibody showed that EtsHsp20.4 was mainly located on the surface of sporozoites, first-generation merozoites and second-generation merozoites. Following the development of parasites in DF-1 cells, EtsHsp20.4 protein was uniformly dispersed in trophozoites, immature schizonts, and mature schizonts. Malate dehydrogenase thermal aggregation assays indicated that recombinant EtsHsp20.4 had molecular chaperone activity in vitro. These results suggested that EtsHsp20.4 might be involved in sporulation in external environments and intracellular growth of the parasite in the host.

Summary Ten lanthanacarborane complexes were synthesized to study the rare B−Hδ−∙∙∙Mn+ inverse hydrogen bonds (IHBs). The average bonding energy of B−Hδ−∙∙∙Ln3+ is theoretically determined to be larger than 24 kJ/mol, which is comparable to moderately strong hydrogen bonds (21–56 kJ/mol). In addition to NMR and IR, magnetometer was used to study the exchange-coupling interaction via such B−Hδ−∙∙∙Ln3+ IHBs in detail, and the coupling constant is determined to be −2.0 cm−1, which is strong enough to compare with single-atom bridged dysprosium(III) complexes. Two imidazolin-iminato incorporated complexes have shown energy barrier for magnetization reversal larger than 1000 K, and the exchange-biasing effects are evident. Moreover, the bonding strengths of B−Hδ−∙∙∙Mn+ IHBs are cation-dependent. If M = Na, the B−Hδ−∙∙∙Na+ bonding energy is reduced to 14 kJ/mol, and the dimerization process is no longer reversible. The exchange-biasing effect is also disappeared. We believe such a finding extends our knowledge of IHBs., Graphical abstract, Highlights • Cation-dependent inverse hydrogen bonds are found in lanthanacarborane complexes • The lanthanacarborane dimeric assembly via inverse hydrogen bonds is reversible • The average bonding energy of B−Hδ−∙∙∙Ln3+ is larger than 24 kJ/mol • Inverse hydrogen bonded dysprosiacarborane dimers are single-molecule magnets, Chemistry; Inorganic chemistry; Molecular inorganic chemistry; Magnetism.

Summary: The hippocampus is one of two niches in the mammalian brain with persistent neurogenesis into adulthood. The neurogenic capacity of hippocampal neural stem cells (NSCs) declines with age, but the molecular mechanisms of this process remain unknown. In this study, we find that fibroblast growth factor 13 (FGF13) is essential for the post-natal neurogenesis in mouse hippocampus, and FGF13 deficiency impairs learning and memory. In particular, we find that FGF13A, the nuclear isoform of FGF13, is involved in the maintenance of NSCs and the suppression of neuronal differentiation during post-natal hippocampal development. Furthermore, we find that FGF13A interacts with ARID1B, a unit of Brahma-associated factor chromatin remodeling complex, and suppresses the expression of neuron differentiation-associated genes through chromatin modification. Our results suggest that FGF13A is an important regulator for maintaining the self-renewal and neurogenic capacity of NSCs in post-natal hippocampus, revealing an epigenomic regulatory function of FGFs in neurogenesis.

Dicarbollide ion, nido-C2B9H112- is isoelectronic with cyclopentadienyl. Here we make dysprosiacarboranes, namely [(C2B9H11)2Ln(THF)2][Na(THF)5] (Ln = Dy, 1Dy) and [(THF)3(μ-H)3Li]2[{η5-C6H4(CH2)2C2B9H9}Dy{η2:η5-C6H4(CH2)2C2B9H9}2Li] 3 and show that dicarbollide ligands impose strong magnetic axiality on the central Dy(III) ion. The effective energy barrier (Ueff) for loss of magnetisation can be varied by the substitution pattern on the dicarbollide. This is demonstrated by comparing complexes of nido-C2B9H112- and nido-[o-xylylene-C2B9H9]2- which show Ueff of 430(5) K and 804(7) K, respectively. The blocking temperature defined by the open hysteresis temperature of 3 reaches 6.8 K. Moreover, the linear complex [Dy(C2B9H11)2]- is predicted to have comparable SMM properties with linear [Dy(CpMe3)2]+ complex. As such, carboranyl ligands and its derivatives may open a new type of organometallic ligands for high-performance SMM design.

Eight-coordinated Dy

Porcine circovirus (PCV) is one of the smallest known DNA viruses in mammals. At present, PCVs are divided into three species, PCV1, PCV2, and PCV3. PCV1 and PCV2 were found in the 1970s and the 1990s, respectively, whereas PCV3 was discovered recently in 2016. PCV1 does not cause diseases in pigs. However, PCV3, similar to PCV2, is reported to be associated with several swine diseases, including porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome (PDNS) and reproductive failure. PCVs are very common in domestic pigs as well as wild boars. However, PCVs have been occasionally isolated from non-porcine animals, including ruminants (such as cattle, goats, wild chamois, and roe deers), rodents (such as NMRI mice, BALB/c mice, Black C57 mice, ICR mice, Mus musculus, and Rattus rattus), canines (such as dogs, minks, foxes, and raccoon dogs), insects (such as flies, mosquitoes, and ticks), and shellfish. Moreover, PCVs are frequently reported in biological products, including human vaccines, animal vaccines, porcine-derived commercial pepsin products, and many cell lines. PCVs are also abundant in the environment, including water samples and air samples. Interestingly, PCV1 and/or PCV2 antibody or antigen has also been detected in sera, stool samples and respiratory swab samples of human, revealing zoonotic potential of PCVs. Thus, PCVs inhabit many types of reservoirs. In this review, we summarize the reservoirs of PCVs, and this information would be helpful in understanding the natural circulating status and possible cross-species transmission of PCVs.

In order to analysis stress and strain changes with time which the cone valve rod impact seat when the valve is closed, to prevent excessive stress due to the impact of fatigue damage, two calculation models(Elastic-rigidimpact; Elastic-elastic impact) are researched which the cone valve rod and valve seat impact respectively when the valve is closed by using the nonlinear dynamics software workbench/ls-dyna, and the effects of closing speed and contact uniformity on the calculation results are analyzed and studied, the results show that: uneven impact stress is greater than the positive impact of stress, easy to make the valve failure; the stress of elastic-rigid impact is greater than that of the elastic-elastic impact each other; The stress between valve core and valve increases as the velocity increases when the elastic-elastic impact each other. To provide a reference and basis for the structural modification and optimization design of the high pressure valve.

Local eight-coordination of the Dy(III) with D6h symmetry receives much expectation for high-performance single-molecule magnets (SMMs) due to the simultaneous fulfillment of the magnetic axiality and high coordination number (a requisite for the air stability). But the experimental realization is challenging due to the required restriction of six coordination atoms in the equatorial plane of the hexagonal-bipyramid, which is usually too crowded for the central Dy(III) ion. Here we show by using the hexaaza macrocyclic Schiff base ligand and fine-tuning the axial alkoxide/phenol type ligands, a family of hexagonal-bipyramidal Dy(III) complexes, namely [DyIII(L)(Cl)2(H2O/CH3OH)]Cl 1, [DyIII(L)(C6F5O)2(H2O)](BPh4)·2, [DyIII(L)(PhO)2](BPh4) 3, [DyIII(L)(4-MeO-PhO)2](BPh4) 4, [DyIII(L)(naPhO)2](BPh4) 5 and [DyIII(L)(Ph3SiO)2](BPh4) 6 , can be isolated. Among them, complexes 3, 4 and 5 possess nearly perfect D6h local symmetry. Complex 4 shows the highest effective magnetic reversal barrier 1338 K and an open hysteresis temperature 6 K at the field sweeping rate of 1.2 mT/s, which represents a new record for D6h SMMs.

We report herein an imido ligand 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl) imidazolin-2-imine (ImDippNH) that can form a very short Dy–N bond (2.12 A) with the dysprosium(III) ion, which leads to a much larger effective energy barrier for magnetisation reversal (803 K) compared to the analogous alkoxide ligand (53 K). Moreover, we predict that a linear two-coordinate [Dy(ImDippN)2]+ complex may have an effective energy barrier larger than 4000 K.

Endoscopic resection (ER) is an effective and safe method for gastric submucosal tumors, mostly composed of gastrointestinal stromal tumors and leiomyomas. The role of ER in gastric schwannoma (GS) has rarely been described. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ER for GS. This is a retrospective study in consecutive patients who underwent ER for GS from March 2013 to October 2018 at our center. Clinicopathological, endoscopic, and follow-up data were collected and analyzed. A total of 16 consecutive patients (9 females, 56.3%) were included, with a mean age of 50.4 years (range 25–75 years). The mean tumor size was 22.9 ± 15.1 mm (range 10–55 mm). Thirteen tumors (81.3%) were located in the middle third of the stomach and 12 tumors (75%) grew with intraluminal pattern. Endoscopic submucosal excavation (ESE) was performed in 7 patients while endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) was done in 9 patients. R0 resection was achieved in 14 patients (87.5%). The mean operative time was 91.6 ± 52.8 min (range 36–203 min) and the mean postoperative length of hospital stays was 8.3 ± 2.7 days (range 6–13 days). No adverse events were encountered except for fevers in 2 patients. No patients required surgical resection or intervention. During long-term follow-up of mean 21.8 months (range 6–62 months), no residue, recurrence, or metastasis was observed. ER is effective and safe for patients with GS with favorable long-term outcomes.

We report a dichlorido-bridged dinuclear dysprosium(III) single-molecule magnet [Dy(Cy2N)2(μ-Cl)(THF)]2 which shows an effective energy barrier for magnetization reversal (Ueff) of ca. 623 K. This is by far the largest Ueff barrier for any chlorido-bridged lanthanide single-molecule magnet. We observe two relaxation processes with near-identical temperature dependencies, one of which disappears upon magnetic dilution. We suspect that these two processes are the isolated and coupled relaxation processes.

There are a large number of nodes in the opportunistic network, and the data in the network is stored and carried by the mobility of the nodes. Different devices in different areas interact through the mode of storing-carrying-forwarding messages. According to the classic routing protocol, an improved algorithm (CP-BSW) is proposed which consider the delivery posibility of the classic routing protocol ‘Binary Spray and Wait’ in this paper. The simulation results show that the proposed routing protocol can improve the message delivery rate and reduce the delivery delay.

Systematic substitution on the N-(pyridine-2-ylmethyl)-sulfonamide ligand leads to the subtle variation of the CoN4 coordination geometry in a series of cobalt(II) complexes sharing the common formula of Co[R1(C6N2H5)R2]2, where R1 = H, R2 = 4-tert-butylphenylsulfonyl (tBuphs) 1, R2 = 5-(dimethylamino)naphthalen-1-ylsulfonyl (DNps) 2, R2 = mesitylsulfonyl (Ms) 3, R2 = tosyl (Tos) 4, and R2 = naphthalen-1-ylsulfonyl (Nps) 5; R1 = Me, R2 = tBuphs 6. Magnetic studies show that the axial zero-field splitting parameter (D) is subtlely correlated with the coordination geometric variation subjected to the peripheral substituted groups. Specifically, the distortion from the ideal tetrahedral geometry (Td symmetry) to the seesaw geometry (D2d symmetry) increases uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. The degree of distortion measured by the continuous symmetry measure (CSM) shows that a narrow interval of CSM (6–7), which corresponds to 14–15 degree deviation from the standard tetrahedron, is ideal for maximising the D value in this coordination geometry, while the direction of the D tensor is less sensitive to such a structural variation.

Background Yellow cattle and water buffalo are important natural reservoir hosts and the main transmission sources of Schistosoma japonicum in endemic areas of China. The worms from the two hosts have marked differences in general worm morphology and ultrastructure, gene transcription and protein expression profiles. Results To investigate microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in the regulation of schistosome development and survival, we compared miRNA expression profiles of adult schistosomes derived from yellow cattle and water buffalo by using high-throughput sequencing with Illumina Hiseq Xten. Schistosoma japonicum from water buffalo and yellow cattle yielded 63.78 million and 63.21 million reads, respectively, of which nearly 50% and 49% could be mapped to selected miRNAs in miRbase. A total of 206 miRNAs were identified, namely 79 previously annotated miRNAs of S. japonicum and 127 miRNAs that matched with the S. japonicum genome and were highly similar to the annotated miRNAs from other organisms. Among the 79 miRNAs, five (sja-miR-124-3p, sja-miR-219-5p, sja-miR-2e-3p, sja-miR-7-3p and sja-miR-3490) were significantly upregulated in the schistosomes from water buffalo compared with those from yellow cattle. A total of 268 potential target genes were predicted for these five differentially expressed miRNAs. Eleven differentially expressed targets were confirmed by qRT-PCR among 15 tested targets, one of which was further validated through dual-luciferase reporter assay. Among the 127 ‘possible’ S. japonicum miRNAs, ten were significantly differentially expressed in the schistosomes from these two hosts. Conclusions These results highlight the important roles of miRNAs in regulating the development and survival of schistosomes in water buffalo and yellow cattle and facilitate understanding of the miRNA regulatory mechanisms in schistosomes derived from different susceptible hosts. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3450-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Product quantization (PQ) is a promising technique for big data retrieval. It generates compact codebooks by decomposing the high-dimensional feature space into the Cartesian product of the low-dimensional subspace. Due to the imbalance of the subspace variance and the excessive variance of the subspace, the existing methods based on PQ face inefficient codebook learning and quantization distortions. In this work, we propose an end-to-end PQ method based on deep learning to optimally divide the subspace and reduce the quantization distortion while learning shorter codebooks. A convolutional neural network model is trained by minimizing a well-designed loss function, which maps image data into clustering features, reducing and balancing the variance of each subspace. Compared with state-of-the-art approaches, our method significantly improves performance on the benchmark datasets.

The design criteria for single-molecule magnets (SMMs) of dysprosium(III) to show large thermal energy barriers to magnetic reversal have been established and proven, and the challenge to enhance their performance is understanding and control of vibrational modes that govern slow relaxation. We have prepared a new SMM, [Dy(L)2(py)5][BPh4] 1 (where HL = (S)-(-)-1-phenylethanol), which is based on the archetype [Dy(OtBu)2(py)5][BPh4] 2. Compounds 1 and 2 have similarly large energy barriers of Ueff = 1130(20) cm-1 and Ueff = 1250(10) cm-1, and yet 1 shows magnetic hysteresis at a far higher temperature of 22 K (cf. TH = 4 K for 2). Ab initio calculation of the spin dynamics show that substitution of the alkoxide ligand in fact enhances relaxation over the energy barrier for 1 over 2, in agreement with experiment, and that the higher temperature of magnetic hysteresis owes to reduced quantum tunnelling at low temperatures.

Molecular qubits are promising as they can benefit from tailoring and versatile design of chemistry. It is essential to reduce the decoherence of molecular qubits caused by their interactions with the environment. Herein the dynamical decoupling (DD) technique is utilized to combat such decoherence. The coherence time for a transition-metal complex (PPh4)2[Cu(mnt)2] is prolonged from 6.8 μs to 1.4 ms. The ratio of the coherence time and the length of π/2 pulse, defined as the single qubit figure of merit (Q M), reaches 1.4 × 105, which is 40 times greater than what previously reported for this molecule. Our results show that molecular qubits, with milliseconds coherence time, are promising candidates for quantum information processing.