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101. Ion charge separation with new generation of nuclear emulsion films

Author

Montesi, M. C., Lauria, A., Alexandrov, A., Solestizi, L. Alunni, Giovanni, Ambrosi, Argirò, S., Diaz, R. Arteche, Bartosik, N., Battistoni, G., Belcari, N., Bellinzona, E., Bianucci, S., Biondi, S., Bisogni, M. G., Bruni, G., Camarlinghi, N., Carra, P., Cerello, P., Ciarrocchi, E., Clozza, A., Colombi, S., Guerra, A. Del, Simoni, M. De, Crescenzo, A. Di, Donetti, M., Dong, Y., Durante, M., Embriaco, A., Emde, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Ferroni, F., Fiandrini, E., Finck, C., Fiorina, E., Fischetti, M., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Galati, G., Galli, L., Garbini, M., Gentile, V., Giraudo, G., Hetzel, R., Iarocci, E., Ionica, M., Kanxheri, K., Kraan, A. C., Lante, V., Tessa, C. La, Torres, E. Lopez, Marafini, M., Mattei, I., Mengarelli, A., Mirabelli, R., Moggi, A., Morone, M. C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Pastore, A., Pastrone, N., Patera, V., Pennazio, F., Placidi, P., Pullia, M., Raffaelli, F., Ramello, L., Ridolfi, R., Rosso, V., Rovituso, M., Sanelli, C., Sarti, A., Sartorelli, G., Sato, O., Scavarda, L., Savazzi, S., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Sécher, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Silvestre, G., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Stahl, A., Tioukov, V., Tomassini, S., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Valle, S. M., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., Zoccoli, A., and Lellis, G. De

Subjects
7. Clean energy
Abstract

Open physics 17(1), 233 - 240 (2019). doi:10.1515/phys-2019-0024, Published by de Gruyter, Berlin

102. Ion charge separation with new generation of nuclear emulsion films

Author

Montesi, M. C., Lauria, A., Alexandrov, A., Solestizi, L. Alunni, Giovanni, Ambrosi, Argirò, S., Diaz, R. Arteche, Bartosik, N., Battistoni, G., Belcari, N., Bellinzona, E., Bianucci, S., Biondi, S., Bisogni, M. G., Bruni, G., Camarlinghi, N., Carra, P., Cerello, P., Ciarrocchi, E., Clozza, A., Colombi, S., Del Guerra, A., De Simoni, M., Di Crescenzo, A., Donetti, M., Dong, Y., Durante, M., Embriaco, A., Emde, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Ferroni, F., Fiandrini, E., Finck, C., Fiorina, E., Fischetti, M., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Galati, G., Galli, L., Garbini, M., Gentile, V., Giraudo, G., Hetzel, R., Iarocci, E., Ionica, M., Kanxheri, K., Kraan, A. C., Lante, V., Tessa, C. La, Torres, E. Lopez, Marafini, M., Mattei, I., Mengarelli, A., Mirabelli, R., Moggi, A., Morone, M. C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Pastore, A., Pastrone, N., Patera, V., Pennazio, F., Placidi, P., Pullia, M., Raffaelli, F., Ramello, L., Ridolfi, R., Rosso, V., Rovituso, M., Sanelli, C., Sarti, A., Sartorelli, G., Sato, O., Savazzi, S., Scavarda, L., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Sécher, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Silvestre, G., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Stahl, A., Tioukov, V., Tomassini, S., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Valle, S. M., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., Zoccoli, A., and De Lellis, G.

Subjects
7. Clean energy
Abstract

Open physics 17(1), 233-240 (2019). doi:10.1515/phys-2019-0024, Published by de Gruyter, Berlin

103. Cnao synchrotron commissioning

Author

Priano, C., Balbinot, G., Giulia Bazzano, Bosser, J., Bressi, E., Caldara, M., Caracciolo, H., Falbo, L., Parravicini, A., Pullia, M., Viviani, C., Biscari, C., and Ghigo, A.

110. Ion charge separation with new generation of nuclear emulsion films

Author

E. Bellinzona, Alberto Mengarelli, M. Villa, E. Fiandrini, F. Raffaelli, Y. Dong, M. Ionica, Esther Ciarrocchi, Marco Francesconi, Nadia Pastrone, Francesco Pennazio, P. Carra, R. Spighi, Alessio Sarti, Antonio Zoccoli, M. Pullia, F. Ferroni, Pisana Placidi, M. Vanstalle, G. Silvestre, M. Emde, C. La Tessa, S. Muraro, L. Narici, M. C. Morone, A.C. Kraan, Marco Durante, R. Arteche Diaz, A. Di Crescenzo, L. Alunni Solestizi, Valeria Rosso, A. Secher, Niccolò Camarlinghi, L. Ramello, Nicola Belcari, E. Iarocci, L. Galli, M. De Simoni, Riccardo Faccini, E. Lopez Torres, C. Finck, Mario Sitta, M. Rovituso, G. De Lellis, M. Marafini, Marco Donetti, Gabriella Sartorelli, V. Gentile, S. Bianucci, Vincenzo Patera, Alberto Clozza, S. Savazzi, M. Fischetti, C. Sanelli, S. M. Valle, A. Sciubba, Osamu Sato, Adele Lauria, E. Scifoni, A. Embriaco, M. Selvi, Ambrosi Giovanni, Maria Cristina Montesi, Francesco Tommasino, Matteo Franchini, Veronica Ferrero, S. Colombi, K. Kanxheri, Christoph Schuy, Uli Weber, Leonello Servoli, A. Alexandrov, Achim Stahl, Stefano Argiro, A. Moggi, R. Mirabelli, Ilaria Mattei, Matteo Morrocchi, M. Garbini, R. Ridolfi, Giacomo Traini, L. Scavarda, Eleuterio Spiriti, Piergiorgio Cerello, V. Lante, Elisa Fiorina, R. Hetzel, Alessandra Pastore, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, A. Del Guerra, Giuseppe Giraudo, G. Galati, N. Bartosik, Valeri Tioukov, Graziano Bruni, Sandro Tomassini, Giancarlo Sportelli, M. G. Bisogni, A. Schiavi, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montesi M.C., Lauria A., Alexandrov A., Solestizi L.A., Giovanni A., Argiro S., Diaz R.A., Bartosik N., Battistoni G., Belcari N., Bellinzona E., Bianucci S., Biondi S., Bisogni M.G., Bruni G., Camarlinghi N., Carra P., Cerello P., Ciarrocchi E., Clozza A., Colombi S., Guerra A.D., Simoni M.D., Crescenzo A.D., Donetti M., Dong Y., Durante M., Embriaco A., Emde M., Faccini R., Ferrero V., Ferroni F., Fiandrini E., Finck C., Fiorina E., Fischetti M., Francesconi M., Franchini M., Galati G., Galli L., Garbini M., Gentile V., Giraudo G., Hetzel R., Iarocci E., Ionica M., Kanxheri K., Kraan A.C., Lante V., Tessa C.L., Torres E.L., Marafini M., Mattei I., Mengarelli A., Mirabelli R., Moggi A., Morone M.C., Morrocchi M., Muraro S., Narici L., Pastore A., Pastrone N., Patera V., Pennazio F., Placidi P., Pullia M., Raffaelli F., Ramello L., Ridolfi R., Rosso V., Rovituso M., Sanelli C., Sarti A., Sartorelli G., Sato O., Savazzi S., Scavarda L., Schiavi A., Schuy C., Scifoni E., Sciubba A., Secher A., Selvi M., Servoli L., Silvestre G., Sitta M., Spighi R., Spiriti E., Sportelli G., Stahl A., Tioukov V., Tomassini S., Tommasino F., Traini G., Valle S.M., Vanstalle M., Villa M., Weber U., Zoccoli A., Lellis G.D., Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montesi, M. C., Lauria, A., Alexandrov, A., Solestizi, L. Alunni, Giovanni, Ambrosi, Argirò, S., Diaz, R. Arteche, Bartosik, N., Battistoni, G., Belcari, N., Bellinzona, E., Bianucci, S., Biondi, S., Bisogni, M. G., Bruni, G., Camarlinghi, N., Carra, P., Cerello, P., Ciarrocchi, E., Clozza, A., Colombi, S., Guerra, A. Del, Simoni, M. De, Crescenzo, A. Di, Donetti, M., Dong, Y., Durante, M., Embriaco, A., Emde, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Ferroni, F., Fiandrini, E., Finck, C., Fiorina, E., Fischetti, M., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Galati, G., Galli, L., Garbini, M., Gentile, V., Giraudo, G., Hetzel, R., Iarocci, E., Ionica, M., Kanxheri, K., Kraan, A. C., Lante, V., Tessa, C. La, Torres, E. Lopez, Marafini, M., Mattei, I., Mengarelli, A., Mirabelli, R., Moggi, A., Morone, M. C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Pastore, A., Pastrone, N., Patera, V., Pennazio, F., Placidi, P., Pullia, M., Raffaelli, F., Ramello, L., Ridolfi, R., Rosso, V., Rovituso, M., Sanelli, C., Sarti, A., Sartorelli, G., Sato, O., Savazzi, S., Scavarda, L., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Sécher, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Silvestre, G., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Stahl, A., Tioukov, V., Tomassini, S., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Valle, S. M., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., Zoccoli, A., and Lellis, G. De

Subjects
Health Physics and Radiation Effects, Materials science, QC1-999, General Physics and Astronomy, 29.40.Rg, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Ion, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Charge identification, 0103 physical sciences, charged particles therapy, nuclear emulsions, Nuclear emulsion, ddc:530, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, 42.62.Be, Nuclear Experiment, [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Settore FIS/04, Physics, Settore FIS/07, Chemical physics
Abstract

In hadron therapy, the accelerated ions, interacting with the body of the patient, cause the fragmentation of both projectile and target nuclei. The fragments interact with the human tissues depositing energy both in the entrance channel and in the volume surrounding the tumor. The knowledge of the fragments features is crucial to determine the energy amount deposited in the human body, and - hence - the damage to the organs and to the tissues around the tumor target. The FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) experiment aims at studying the fragmentation induced by the interaction of a proton beam (150-250 MeV/n) inside the human body. The FOOT detector includes an electronic setup for the identification of Z ≥ 3 fragments integrated with an emulsion spectrometer to measure Z ≤ 3 fragments. Charge identification by nuclear emulsions is based on the development of techniques of controlled fading of the particle tracks inside the nuclear emulsion, that extend the dynamical range of the films developed for the tracking of minimum ionising particles. The controlled fading strongly depends on temperature, relative humidity and treatment duration. In this study the performances in terms of charge separation of proton, helium and carbon particles, obtained on a batch of new emulsion films produced in Japan are reported.

Published
2019

112. The FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) experiment

Author

Andrey, A., Behcet, A., Giovanni, A., Stefano, A., Giuseppe, B., Giuseppina, B. M., Nicola, B., Silvia, B., Graziano, B., Niccolò, C., Pietro, C., Piergiorgio, C., Esther, C. -R, Alberto, C., Sofia, C., Lellis, G., Del Guerra, A., Micol De Simoni, Di Crescenzo, A., Marco, D., Yunsheng, D., Alessia, E., Max, E., Riccardo, F., Veronica, F., Fernando, F., Emanuele, F., Christian, F., Elisa, F., Marta, F., Marco, F., Matteo, F., Luca, G., Marco, G., Valerio, G., Giuseppe, G., Ronja, H., Sebastian, H., Maria, I., Keida, K., Christine, K. A., Valeria, L., Adele, L., La Tessa, C., Ernesto, L. T., Michela, M., Ilaria, M., Alberto, M., Riccardo, M., Cristina, M. M., Matteo, M., Silvia, M., Livio, N., Alessandra, P., Nadia, P., Francesco, P., Pisana, P., Marco, P., Luciano, R., Riccardo, R., Valeria, R., Marta, R., Claudio, S., Alessio, S., Gabriella, S., Osamu, S., Simone, S., Angelo, S., Christoph, S., Emanuele, S., Adal-Berto, S., Marco, S., Leonello, S., Gianluigi, S., Mario, S., Roberto, S., Eleuterio, S., Giancarlo, S., Achim, S., Sandro, T., Francesco, T., Giacomo, T., Tioukov, V., Marta, V. S., Marie, V., Mauro, V., Ulrich, W., Antonio, Z., Vin-Cenzo, P., Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HEP, INSPIRE, Valle, S. M., Alexandrov, A., Alpat, B., Ambrosi, G., Argiro, S., Bisogni, M. G., Belcari, N., Biondi, S., Bruni, G., Camarlinghi, N., Carra, P., Cerello, P., Ciarrocchi, E., Clozza, A., Colombi, S., De Lellis, G., Del Guerra, A., De Simoni, M., Di Crescenzo, A., Donetti, M., Dong, Y., Durante, M., Embriaco, A., Emde, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Ferroni, F., Fiandrini, E., Finck, C., Fiorina, E., Fischetti, M., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Galli, L., Garbini, M., Gentile, V., Giraudo, G., Hetzel, R., Hild, S., Ionica, M., Kanxheri, K., Kraan, A. C., Lante, V., Lauria, A., La Tessa, C., Lopez Torres, E., Marafini, M., Mattei, I., Mengarelli, A., Mirabelli, R., Montesi, M. C., Morone, M. C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Pastore, A., Pastrone, N., Patera, V., Pennazio, F., Placidi, P., Pullia, M., Ramello, L., Ridolfi, R., Rosso, V., Rovituso, M., Sanelli, C., Sarti, A., Sartorelli, G., Sato, O., Savazzi, S., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Silvestre, G., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Stahl, A., Tomassini, S., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Valeri, T., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., Zoccoli, A., Battistoni, G., Alexandrov Andrey, Alpat Behcet, Ambrosi Giovanni, Argirò Stefano, Battistoni Giuseppe, Bisogni Maria Giuseppina, Belcari Nicola, Biondi Silvia, Bruni Graziano, Camarlinghi Niccolò, Carra Pietro, Cerello Piergiorgio, Ciarrocchi Esther, Clozza Alberto, Colombi Sofia, De Lellis Giovanni, Del Guerra Alberto, De Simoni Micol, Di Crescenzo Antonia, Donetti Marco, Dong Yunsheng, Durante Marco, Embriaco Alessia, Emde Max, Faccini Riccardo, Ferrero Veronica, Ferroni Fernando, Fiandrini Emanuele, Finck Christian, Fiorina Elisa, Fischetti Marta, Francesconi Marco, Franchini Matteo, Galli Luca, Garbini Marco, Gentile Valerio, Giraudo Giuseppe, Hetzel Ronja, Hild Sebastian, Ionica Maria, Kanxheri Keida, Kraan Aafke Christine, Lante Valeria, Lauria Adele, La Tessa Chiara, Lopez Torres Ernesto, Marafini Michela, Mattei Ilaria , Mengarelli Alberto, Mirabelli Riccardo, Montesi Maria Cristina, Morone Maria Cristina, Morrocchi Matteo, Muraro Silvia, Narici Livio, Pastore Alessandra, Pastrone Nadia, Pennazio Francesco, Placidi Pisana, Pullia Marco, Ramello Luciano, Ridolfi Riccardo, Rosso Valeria, Rovituso Marta, Sanelli Claudio, Sarti Alessio, Sartorelli Gabriella, Sato Osamu, Savazzi Simone, Schiavi Angelo, Schuy Christoph, Scifoni Emanuele, Sciubba Adalberto, Selvi Marco, Servoli Leonello, Silvestre Gianluigi, Sitta Mario, Spighi Roberto, Spiriti Eleuterio, Sportelli Giancarlo, Stahl Achim, Tomassini Sandro, Tommasino Francesco, Traini Giacomo, Valeri Tioukov, Valle Serena Marta, Vanstalle Marie, Villa Mauro, Weber Ulrich, Zoccoli Antonio, Patera Vincenzo, Valle S.M., Alexandrov A., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Argiro S., Bisogni M.G., Belcari N., Biondi S., Bruni G., Camarlinghi N., Carra P., Cerello P., Ciarrocchi E., Clozza A., Colombi S., De Lellis G., Del Guerra A., De Simoni M., Di Crescenzo A., Donetti M., Dong Y., Durante M., Embriaco A., Emde M., Faccini R., Ferrero V., Ferroni F., Fiandrini E., Finck C., Fiorina E., Fischetti M., Francesconi M., Franchini M., Galli L., Garbini M., Gentile V., Giraudo G., Hetzel R., Hild S., Ionica M., Kanxheri K., Kraan A.C., Lante V., Lauria A., La Tessa C., Lopez Torres E., Marafini M., Mattei I., Mengarelli A., Mirabelli R., Montesi M.C., Morone M.C., Morrocchi M., Muraro S., Narici L., Pastore A., Pastrone N., Patera V., Pennazio F., Placidi P., Pullia M., Ramello L., Ridolfi R., Rosso V., Rovituso M., Sanelli C., Sarti A., Sartorelli G., Sato O., Savazzi S., Schiavi A., Schuy C., Scifoni E., Sciubba A., Selvi M., Servoli L., Silvestre G., Sitta M., Spighi R., Spiriti E., Sportelli G., Stahl A., Tomassini S., Tommasino F., Traini G., Valeri T., Vanstalle M., Villa M., Weber U., Zoccoli A., Battistoni G., and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Settore FIS/04, Settore FIS/07, Physics::Medical Physics, hadrontherapy, fragmentation, foot, RBE, Proton therapy, [PHYS] Physics [physics], foot, fragmentation, hadrotherapy, cross section, Fragmentation, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Fragmentation, Proton therapy, RBE, Other, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

International audience; Particle therapy uses proton and ion beams to treat deep-seated solid tumors, exploiting the favorable energy deposition profile of charged particles. Nuclear interactions with patient tissues can induce fragments production that must be taken into account in treatment planning: in proton treatments target fragmentation produces low-energy, short-range fragments depositing a non-negligible dose in the entry channel, while in heavier-ion beam treatments long-range fragments due to projectile fragmentation release dose in tissues surrounding the tumor. The FOOT experiment aims to study these processes to improve the nuclear interactions description in next generation Treatment Planning Systems softwares and hence the treatments quality. Target (16O and 12C) fragmentation induced by 150–250 MeV proton beams will be studied via inverse kinematics: 16O and 12C beams (150–250 MeV/u) collide on graphite and hydrocarbon targets to provide nuclear fragmentation cross sections on hydrogen. The projectile fragmentation of these beams will be explored as well. The FOOT detector includes a magnetic spectrometer to measure fragments momentum, a plastic scintillator for ΔE and TOF measurements and a scintillating crystal calorimeter to measure fragments kinetic energy. These measurements will be combined to accurately identify fragments charge and mass.

Published
2018

113. Characterisation of muon and proton beam monitors based on scintillating fibres with a SiPM read-out

Author

Riccardo Rossini, Roberto Benocci, Roberto Bertoni, Maurizio Bonesini, Massimiliano Clemenza, Alessandro Menegolli, Gian Luca Raselli, Marco Cesare Prata, Marco Pullia, Massimo Rossella, Ludovico Tortora, Erik Silvio Vallazza, Rossini, R, Benocci, R, Bertoni, R, Bonesini, M, Clemenza, M, Menegolli, A, Raselli, G, Prata, M, Pullia, M, Rossella, M, Tortora, L, and Vallazza, E

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, CNAO, SiPM, Muon, Hodoscope, Proton, Instrumentation, FAMU
Abstract

Beam hodoscopes based on 32 × 32 square polystyrene scintillating fibres along X/Y, having section 3 × 3 mm2 or 1 × 1 mm2, have been designed and characterised for monitoring low-energy charged particle beams. Each fibre is read by a SiPM and the signal is digitised and analysed off-line. Hodoscopes were exposed to the 60 MeV/c negative muon beam at Port 1 of the RIKEN-RAL muon facility (UK), where they proved to be good to determine the beam profile and its intensity, via a calibration with cosmic muons. Furthermore, the exposition to the calibrated single-proton beam at CNAO (Italy), in the momentum range between 340 MeV/c and 690 MeV/c, provided further calibration in dE/dx and showed the feasibility of the detector as an instrument for proton beam characterisation too. These hodoscopes will be used as negative muon beam monitors for the FAMU experiment at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, but the possibility of using them as a beam monitor in hadron therapy has also been investigated.

Published
2023

114. Charge identification of fragments with the emulsion spectrometer of the FOOT experiment

Author

Maria Ionica, Eleuterio Spiriti, P. Carra, N. Bartosik, L. Scavarda, Osamu Sato, Adele Lauria, G. Silvestre, Alberto Del Guerra, Giovanni Ambrosi, Valeri Tioukov, Maria Cristina Montesi, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, Nadia Pastrone, Alberto Clozza, S. Savazzi, M. Pullia, Alessandra Pastore, Antonio Zoccoli, M. Vanstalle, A. Moggi, E. Bellinzona, V. Lante, Elisa Fiorina, Antonia Di Crescenzo, A. Secher, Ilaria Mattei, Stefano Argiro, Giovanni De Lellis, Antonio Iuliano, Giuliana Galati, Chiara La Tessa, V. Gentile, Gaia Franciosini, Matteo Morrocchi, Luciano Ramello, R. Ridolfi, Giacomo Traini, Silvia Muraro, M. Selvi, Francesco Pennazio, Marco Francesconi, Michela Marafini, Alessio Sarti, A.C. Kraan, Marco Durante, M. Toppi, Pisana Placidi, S. Colombi, F. Raffaelli, C. Finck, Andrey Alexandrov, Christoph Schuy, Valeria Rosso, Adalberto Sciubba, Keida Kanxheri, Behcet Alpat, Nicola Belcari, Leonello Servoli, Sandro Tomassini, Achim Stahl, Angelo Schiavi, Giancarlo Sportelli, Ulrich Weber, Benedetto Di Ruzza, Luca Galli, R. Spighi, E. Iarocci, Martina Laurenza, Roberto Zarrella, Graziano Bruni, Raul Arteche Diaz, S. M. Valle, Y. Dong, Veronica Ferrero, R. Hetzel, Riccardo Faccini, Ernesto Lopez Torres, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, Mario Sitta, M. Fischetti, Micol De Simoni, E. Scifoni, M. C. Morone, Giuseppe Giraudo, Marco Donetti, Gabriella Sartorelli, Vincenzo Patera, Federica Murtas, Alberto Mengarelli, Francesco Tommasino, E. Fiandrini, Esther Ciarrocchi, Mauro Villa, Matteo Franchini, Piergiorgio Cerello, Cristian Massimi, C. Sanelli, Galati G., Alexandrov A., Alpat B., Ambrosi G., Argiro S., Diaz R.A., Bartosik N., Battistoni G., Belcari N., Bellinzona E., Biondi S., Bisogni M.G., Bruni G., Carra P., Cerello P., Ciarrocchi E., Clozza A., Colombi S., Guerra A.D., Simoni M.D., Di Crescenzo A., Ruzza B.D., Donetti M., Dong Y., Durante M., Faccini R., Ferrero V., Fiandrini E., Finck C., Fiorina E., Fischetti M., Francesconi M., Franchini M., Franciosini G., Galli L., Gentile V., Giraudo G., Hetzel R., Iarocci E., Ionica M., Iuliano A., Kanxheri K., Kraan A.C., Lante V., Tessa C.L., Laurenza M., Lauria A., Torres E.L., Marafini M., Massimi C., Mattei I., Mengarelli A., Moggi A., Montesi M.C., Morone M.C., Morrocchi M., Muraro S., Murtas F., Pastore A., Pastrone N., Patera V., Pennazio F., Placidi P., Pullia M., Raffaelli F., Ramello L., Ridolfi R., Rosso V., Sanelli C., Sarti A., Sartorelli G., Sato O., Savazzi S., Scavarda L., Schiavi A., Schuy C., Scifoni E., Sciubba A., Secher A., Selvi M., Servoli L., Silvestre G., Sitta M., Spighi R., Spiriti E., Sportelli G., Stahl A., Tioukov V., Tomassini S., Tommasino F., Toppi M., Traini G., Valle S.M., Vanstalle M., Villa M., Weber U., Zarrella R., Zoccoli A., De Lellis G., De Lellis, Giovanni, Di Crescenzo, Antonia, Montesi, Maria Cristina, Lauria, Adele, Iuliano, Antonio, and Durante, Marco

Subjects
Materials science, Spectrometer, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics, QC1-999, Settore FIS/07, Analytical chemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, Charge (physics), 01 natural sciences, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), particle therapy, nuclear emulsion, fragmentation, 0103 physical sciences, Emulsion, ddc:530, Nuclear emulsion, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

Open physics 19(1), 383 - 394 (2021). doi:10.1515/phys-2021-0032, Published by de Gruyter, Berlin

Published
2021

115. Biomedical Research Programs at Present and Future High-Energy Particle Accelerators

Author

Vincenzo Patera, Yolanda Prezado, Faical Azaiez, Giuseppe Battistoni, Diego Bettoni, Sytze Brandenburg, Aleksandr Bugay, Giacomo Cuttone, Denis Dauvergne, Gilles de France, Christian Graeff, Thomas Haberer, Taku Inaniwa, Sebastien Incerti, Elena Nasonova, Alahari Navin, Marco Pullia, Sandro Rossi, Charlot Vandevoorde, Marco Durante, Institut Curie [Paris], Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l’Ingegneria, University 'La Sapienza', Patera, V., Prezado, Y., Azaiez, F., Battistoni, G., Bettoni, D., Brandenburg, S., Bugay, A., Cuttone, G., Dauvergne, D., de France, G., Graeff, C., Haberer, T., Inaniwa, T., Incerti, S., Nasonova, E., Navin, A., Pullia, M., Rossi, S., Vandevoorde, C., Durante, M., Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Engineering, High energy particle, accelerator, Materials Science (miscellaneous), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], high-energy ions, Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS, BEAM, 01 natural sciences, Article, high-energy ion, RADIATION PROTECTION, law.invention, space radiation protection, accelerators, law, Basic research, 0103 physical sciences, CARBON ION RADIOTHERAPY, ddc:530, FACILITY, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, 010306 general physics, Mathematical Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], business.industry, NEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPY, Particle accelerator, CANCER, lcsh:QC1-999, 3. Good health, Engineering management, Upgrade, particle therapy, biomedical research, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], INACTIVATION, IRRADIATION SYSTEM, business, lcsh:Physics, NICA PROJECT
Abstract

International audience; Biomedical applications at high-energy particle accelerators have always been an important section of the applied nuclear physics research. Several new facilities are now under constructions or undergoing major upgrades. While the main goal of these facilities is often basic research in nuclear physics, they acknowledge the importance of including biomedical research programs and of interacting with other medical accelerator facilities providing patient treatments. To harmonize the programs, avoid duplications, and foster collaboration and synergism, the International Biophysics Collaboration is providing a platform to several accelerator centers with interest in biomedical research. In this paper, we summarize the programs of various facilities in the running, upgrade, or construction phase.

Published
2020

116. Measurement of 12C Fragmentation Cross Sections on C, O, and H in the Energy Range of Interest for Particle Therapy Applications

Author

E. Spiriti, P. Cerello, G. De Lellis, Alberto Mengarelli, Angelo Schiavi, M. Francesconi, Nicola Belcari, L. Scavarda, E. Iarocci, F. Ferroni, C. La Tessa, Sandro Tomassini, Cristian Massimi, Giancarlo Sportelli, R. Ridolfi, Nadia Pastrone, A. Embriaco, P. Carra, M. Pullia, G. Silvestre, Silvia Muraro, Giacomo Traini, M. Marafini, M. Emde, S. Colombi, E. Catanzani, G. Ambrosi, A. Di Crescenzo, C. Sanelli, Francesco Tommasino, Francesco Pennazio, Y. Dong, Leonello Servoli, R. Mirabelli, M. Rovituso, Alberto Clozza, S. Savazzi, C. Schuy, Alessio Sarti, A. Del Guerra, Luca Galli, C. Finck, Matteo Franchini, E. Fiandrini, A. Alexandrov, S. M. Valle, M. Ionica, R. Hetzel, Sebastian Hild, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, Esther Ciarrocchi, Valeria Rosso, Mario Sitta, Maria Cristina Montesi, R. Faccini, A. Stahl, Antonio Zoccoli, V. Lante, Elisa Fiorina, M. Vanstalle, Vincenzo Patera, A. Secher, A. Sciubba, M. Fischetti, M. De Simoni, E. Scifoni, N. Bartosik, Graziano Bruni, Luciano Ramello, M. Selvi, Stefano Argiro, M. C. Morone, A. C. Kraan, Niccolò Camarlinghi, Mauro Villa, L. Alunni Solestizi, K. Kanxheri, Ilaria Mattei, Matteo Morrocchi, V. Gentile, Veronica Ferrero, Osamu Sato, Adele Lauria, M. Donetti, M. Toppi, Pisana Placidi, R. Spighi, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, Marco Durante, G. Sartorelli, Ulrich Weber, Alessandro Pastore, T. Valeri, E. Lopez Torres, L. Narici, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Perugia (INFN, Sezione di Perugia), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Politecnico di Torino = Polytechnic of Turin (Polito), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare [Pisa] (INFN), European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Département Recherches Subatomiques (DRS-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Ferrara (UniFE), Department of Materials [ETH Zürich] (D-MATL), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Biophysics Department [Darmstadt], Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (GSI), Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università di Bologna, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bologna (INFN, Sezione di Bologna), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)-Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), University of York [York, UK], Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], Dipartimento di Energetica, Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications, Italy, Mattei, I., Bisogni, M. G., Bruni, G., Camarlinghi, N., Carra, P., Catanzani, E., Ciarrocchi, E., Cerello, P., Clozza, A., Colombi, S., De Lellis, G., Alexandrov, A., Del Guerra, A., De Simoni, M., Di Crescenzo, A., Donetti, M., Dong, Y., Durante, M., Embriaco, A., Emde, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Alunni Solestizi, L., Ferroni, F., Fiandrini, E., Finck, C., Fiorina, E., Fischetti, M., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Galli, L., Gentile, V., Hetzel, R., Ambrosi, G., Hild, S., Iarocci, E., Ionica, M., Kanxheri, K., Kraan, A. C., Lante, V., Lauria, A., La Tessa, C., Lopez Torres, E., Massimi, C., Argiro, S., Marafini, M., Mengarelli, A., Mirabelli, R., Montesi, M. C., Morone, M. C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Pastore, A., Pastrone, N., Bartosik, N., Patera, V., Pennazio, F., Placidi, P., Pullia, M., Ramello, L., Ridolfi, R., Rosso, V., Rovituso, M., Sanelli, C., Sartorelli, G., Battistoni, G., Sato, O., Savazzi, S., Scavarda, L., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Secher, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Belcari, N., Silvestre, G., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Stahl, A., Tomassini, S., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Toppi, M., Biondi, S., Valeri, T., Valle, S. M., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., Zoccoli, A., Sarti, A., Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Ferrara = University of Ferrara (UniFE), Dipartimento di Fisica [Bologna], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), and Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA)

Subjects
Materials science, Proton, Radiation therapy clinical/preclinical evaluation/application studies, Analytical chemistry, Scintillator, scintillators radiation detector, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Radiation therapy studie, 0103 physical sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Range (particle radiation), Settore FIS/04, scintillators radiation detectors for medical applications, Settore FIS/07, Center (category theory), therapy imaging clinical/preclinical evaluation/application studies, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Charged particle, Deuterium, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], therapy imaging
Abstract

In a carbon ion treatment the nuclear fragmentationof both target and beam projectiles impacts on the dose releasedon the tumor and on the surrounding healthy tissues. Carbon ionfragmentation occurring inside the patient body has to be stud-ied in order to take into account this contribution. These dataare also important for the development of the range monitoringtechniques with charged particles. The production of chargedfragments generated by carbon ion beams of 115-353 MeV/ukinetic energy impinging on carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen tar-gets has been measured at the CNAO particle therapy center(Pavia, Italy). The use of thin targets of graphite (C), PMMA(C2O5H8) and polyvinyl-toluene [plastic scintillator (PS), CbHa]allowed to measure fragments production cross sections, exploit-ing a time-of-flight (ToF) technique. PS detectors have been usedto perform the ToF measurements, while LYSO crystals havebeen used for the deposited energy measurement and to performparticle identification. Cross sections have been measured at 90◦and 60◦with respect to the beam direction. The measured pro-ton, deuteron, and triton differential production cross sectionson C, O, and H, obtained exploiting the target subtraction strat-egy, are presented here as a function of the fragment kineticenergy.

Published
2020

117. FOOT: a new experiment to measure nuclear fragmentation at intermediate energies

Author

M. Pullia, E. Iarocci, Nadia Pastrone, C. La Tessa, M. Emde, M. Rovituso, Alberto Clozza, C. Sanelli, M. C. Morone, A. Di Crescenzo, G. Ambrosi, L. Narici, Giancarlo Sportelli, Veronica Ferrero, Francesco Tommasino, Matteo Franchini, Maria Cristina Montesi, M. Ionica, Stefano Argiro, Niccolò Camarlinghi, R. Faccini, Mauro Villa, Gabriella Sartorelli, Antonio Zoccoli, L. Galli, M. Vanstalle, K. Kanxheri, Christoph Schuy, Esther Ciarrocchi, Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, Marco Durante, Valeria Rosso, M. Selvi, Ilaria Mattei, M. Sitta, M. Garbini, Uli Weber, Matteo Morrocchi, Giacomo Traini, Marco Francesconi, Piergiorgio Cerello, Eleuterio Spiriti, Nicola Belcari, S. Brambilla, L. Ramello, R. Hetzel, C. Finck, Andrey Alexandrov, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, Osamu Sato, Adele Lauria, M. Marafini, Giuseppe Giraudo, R. Mirabelli, R. Spighi, F. Ferroni, Silvia Muraro, Leonello Servoli, Achim Stahl, S. M. Valle, G. De Lellis, Graziano Bruni, Angelo Schiavi, Alessio Sarti, Maria Giuseppina Bisogni, E. Scifoni, Alessandra Pastore, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Valle, S.M., Alexandrov, A., Ambrosi, G., Argirò, S., Battistoni, G., Belcari, N., Biondi, S., Bisogni, M.G., Bruni, G., Brambilla, S., Camarlinghi, N., Cerello, P., Ciarrocchi, E., Clozza, A., De Lellis, G., Di Crescenzo, A., Durante, M., Emde, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Ferroni, F., Finck, C., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Galli, L., Garbini, M., Giraudo, G., Hetzel, R., Iarocci, E., Ionica, M., Kanxheri, K., Lauria, A., La Tessa, C., Marafini, M., Mattei, I., Mirabelli, R., Montesi, M.C., Morone, M.C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Pastore, A., Pastrone, N., Patera, V., Pullia, M., Ramello, L., Rosso, V., Rovituso, M., Sanelli, C., Sarti, A., Sartorelli, G., Sato, O., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Stahl, A., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., Zoccoli, A., Valle, S. M., Bisogni, M. G., Montesi, M. C., and Morone, M. C.

Subjects
Materials science, Tracking detector, medicine.medical_treatment, Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs, Physics::Medical Physics, Bragg peak, Scintillator, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), Hadrontherapy, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, lcsh:Science, lcsh:Science (General), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Particle therapy, cross section, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Projectile, Settore FIS/04, Settore FIS/07, Nuclear fragmentation, Scintillating detectors, Charged particle, Time of flight, Physics::Accelerator Physics, lcsh:Q, Beam (structure), lcsh:Q1-390
Abstract

Summary: Charged particle therapy exploits proton or 12C beams to treat deep-seated solid tumors. Due to the advantageous characteristics of charged particles energy deposition in matter, the maximum of the dose is released to the tumor at the end of the beam range, in the Bragg peak region. However, the beam nuclear interactions with the patient tissues induces fragmentation both of projectile and target nuclei and needs to be carefully taken into account. In proton treatments, target fragmentation produces low energy, short range fragments along all the beam range, which deposit a non negligible dose in the entry channel. In 12C treatments the main concern is represented by long range fragments due to beam fragmentation that release their dose in the healthy tissues beyond the tumor. The FOOT experiment (FragmentatiOn Of Target) of INFN is designed to study these processes, in order to improve the nuclear fragmentation description in next generation Treatment Planning Systems and the treatment plans quality. Target (16O and 12C nuclei) fragmentation induced by –proton beams at therapeutic energies will be studied via an inverse kinematic approach, where 16O and 12C therapeutic beams impinge on graphite and hydrocarbon targets to provide the nuclear fragmentation cross section on hydrogen. Projectile fragmentation of 16O and 12C beams will be explored as well. The FOOT detector includes a magnetic spectrometer for the fragments momentum measurement, a plastic scintillator for ΔE and time of flight measurements and a crystal calorimeter to measure the fragments kinetic energy. These measurements will be combined in order to make an accurate fragment charge and isotopic identification. Keywords: Hadrontherapy, Nuclear fragmentation cross sections, Tracking detectors, Scintillating detectors

Published
2019

118. THE FOOT EXPERIMENT: FRAGMENTATION MEASUREMENTS IN PARTICLE THERAPY

Author

E. Bellinzona, Nadia Pastrone, Alessandro Pastore, E. López Torres, M. Selvi, L. Alunni Solestizi, Pisana Placidi, E. Iarocci, F. Ferroni, Silvia Muraro, C. La Tessa, M. C. Morone, E. Spiriti, M. Ionica, P. Cerello, Y. Dong, R. Arteche Diaz, A. Zoccoli, A. Secher, Giuliana Galati, V. Lante, Elisa Fiorina, Christoph Schuy, M. De Simoni, M. Vanstalle, Luciano Ramello, K. Kanxheri, Stefano Argiro, S. M. Valle, M. Donetti, M. Garbini, A. C. Kraan, R. Ridolfi, Alberto Mengarelli, Marco Durante, N. Bartosik, A. Moggi, Valeria Rosso, M. Emde, Giacomo Traini, Angelo Schiavi, F. Raffaeli, Niccolò Camarlinghi, M. Pullia, M. Francesconi, G. De Lellis, L. Scavarda, M. Franchini, Mario Sitta, M. Villa, E. Fiandrini, M. Rovituso, Ilaria Mattei, R. Faccini, Alberto Clozza, S. Savazzi, Gabriella Sartorelli, Graziano Bruni, Matteo Morrocchi, Esther Ciarrocchi, Vincenzo Patera, A. Di Crescenzo, A. Sciubba, A. Del Guerra, G. Ambrosi, Valeri Tioukov, M. Fischetti, Veronica Ferrero, E. Scifoni, Francesco Pennazio, Livio Narici, Osamu Sato, Alessio Sarti, Adele Lauria, Francesco Tommasino, S. Colombi, Giancarlo Sportelli, M. G. Bisogni, A. Stahl, V. Gentile, S. Bianucci, R. Mirabelli, Leonello Servoli, U. Weber, Luca Galli, R. Spighi, Nicola Belcari, M. Marafini, A. Embriaco, C. Sanelli, S. Tommasini, C. Finck, Maria Cristina Montesi, P. Carra, G. Silvestre, A. Alexandrov, R. Hetzel, Silvia Biondi, Giuseppe Battistoni, Giuseppe Giraudo, A. Alexandrov, L. Alunni Solestizi, G. Ambrosi, S. Argirò, R. Arteche Diaz, N. Bartosik, G. Battistoni, N. Belcari, E. Bellinzona, S. Bianucci, S. Biondi, M. G. Bisogni, G. Bruni, N. Camarlinghi, P. Carra, P. Cerello, E. Ciarrocchi, A. Clozza, S. Colombi, G. De Lellis, A. Del Guerra, M. De Simoni, A. Di Crescenzo, M. Donetti, Y. Dong, M. Durante, A. Embriaco, M. Emde, R. Faccini, V. Ferrero, F. Ferroni, E. Fiandrini, C. Finck, E. Fiorina, M. Fischetti, M. Francesconi, M. Franchini, G. Galati, L. Galli, M. Garbini, V. Gentile, G. Giraudo, R. Hetzel, E. Iarocci, M. Ionica, K. Kanxheri, A. C. Kraan, V. Lante, A. Lauria, C. La Tessa, E. Lopez Torres, M. Marafini, I. Mattei, A. Mengarelli, R. Mirabelli, A. Moggi, M. C. Montesi, M. C. Morone, M. Morrocchi, S. Muraro, L. Narici, A. Pastore, N. Pastrone, V. Patera, F. Pennazio, P. Placidi, M. Pullia, F. Raffaeli, L. Ramello, R. Ridolfi, V. Rosso, M. Rovituso, C. Sanelli, A. Sarti, G. Sartorelli, O. Sato, S. Savazzi, L. Scavarda, A. Schiavi, C. Schuy, E. Scifoni, A. Sciubba, A. Sécher, M. Selvi, L. Servoli, G. Silvestre, M. Sitta, R. Spighi, E. Spiriti, G. Sportelli, A. Stahl, V. Tioukov, S. Tommasini, F. Tommasino, G. Traini, S. M. Valle, M. Vanstalle, M. Villa, U. Webe, A. Zoccoli, Alexandrov, A., Alunni Solestizi, L., Ambrosi, G., Argirò, S., Arteche Diaz, R., Bartosik, N., Battistoni, G., Belcari, N., Bellinzona, E., Bianucci, S., Biondi, S., Bisogni, M. G., Bruni, G., Camarlinghi, N., Carra, P., Cerello, P., Ciarrocchi, E., Clozza, A., Colombi, S., De Lellis, G., Del Guerra, A., De Simoni, M., Di Crescenzo, A., Donetti, M., Dong, Y., Durante, M., Embriaco, A., Emde, M., Faccini, R., Ferrero, V., Ferroni, F., Fiandrini, E., Finck, C., Fiorina, E., Fischetti, M., Francesconi, M., Franchini, M., Galati, G., Galli, L., Garbini, M., Gentile, V., Giraudo, G., Hetzel, R., Iarocci, E., Ionica, M., Kanxheri, K., Kraan, A. C., Lante, V., Lauria, A., La Tessa, C., Lopez Torres, E., Marafini, M., Mattei, I., Mengarelli, A., Mirabelli, R., Moggi, A., Montesi, M. C., Morone, M. C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Narici, L., Pastore, A., Pastrone, N., Patera, V., Pennazio, F., Placidi, P., Pullia, M., Raffaeli, F., Ramello, L., Ridolfi, R., Rosso, V., Rovituso, M., Sanelli, C., Sarti, A., Sartorelli, G., Sato, O., Savazzi, S., Scavarda, L., Schiavi, A., Schuy, C., Scifoni, E., Sciubba, A., Sécher, A., Selvi, M., Servoli, L., Silvestre, G., Sitta, M., Spighi, R., Spiriti, E., Sportelli, G., Stahl, A., Tioukov, V., Tommasini, S., Tommasino, F., Traini, G., Valle, S. M., Vanstalle, M., Villa, M., Weber, U., and Zoccoli, A.

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Particle therapy, Materials science, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, medicine.medical_treatment, Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs, Physics::Medical Physics, Media Technology, medicine, Fragmentation (computing), Nuclear Experiment, fragmentation, hadrotherapy, cross section, Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin)
Abstract

Charged Particle Therapy (CPT) is a powerful radiotherapy technique for the treatment of deep-seated tumours characterized by a large dose released in the Bragg peak area (corresponding to the tumour region) and a small dose delivered to the surrounding healthy tissues. The precise measurement of the fragments produced in the nuclear interactions of charged particle beams with patient tissues is a crucial task to improve the clinical treatment plans. The FOOT (FragmentatiOn Of Target) experiment is an international project, funded by the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), aimed to study the dose released by the tissues and particle beams fragmentation. The target (16O, 12C) fragmentation induced by 150-400 MeV/n proton beams will be studied via the inverse kinematic approach, where 16O and 12C therapeutic beams collide on graphite and hydrocarbon target to provide the cross section on Hydrogen. A table-top detector is being developed and it includes a drift chamber as a beam monitor upstream of the target to measure the beam direction, a magnetic spectrometer based on silicon pixel and strip detectors, a scintillating crystal calorimeter able to stop the heavier produced fragments, and a ΔE detector, with TOF capability, for the particle identification. A setup based on the concept of the “Emulsion Cloud Chamber”, coupled with the interaction region of the electronic FOOT setup, will complement the physics program by measuring lighter charged fragments to extend the angular acceptance up to about 70 degrees. In this work, the experimental design and the requirements of the FOOT experiment will be discussed and preliminary results on the emulsion spectrometer tests will be presented.

Published
2019

119. The [formula omitted]E-TOF detector of the FOOT experiment: Experimental tests and Monte Carlo simulations.

Author

Ciarrocchi, E., Belcari, N., Camarlinghi, N., Carra, P., Del Guerra, A., Francesconi, M., Galli, L., Kraan, A.C., Morrocchi, M., Muraro, S., Pullia, M., Rosso, V., Sportelli, G., and Bisogni, M.G.

Subjects
*MONTE Carlo method, *OPTICAL detectors, *PROTON-proton interactions, *DETECTORS, *SCINTILLATORS, *PROTONS, *HUMAN body
Abstract

The FOOT experiment aims at identifying the fragments produced in the human body during hadrontherapy and at measuring their cross sections. The apparatus is composed of several detectors which allow a complete reconstruction of the tracks of the fragments. In particular, the Δ E-TOF detector measures the energy released in a thin plastic scintillator and the time of flight of the fragments. In this work, we report the energy and time resolution of a Δ E-TOF detector prototype with proton and carbon irradiations, and we compare the results with a Monte Carlo simulation of the optical transport in the detector. With carbon ions, we measured time resolutions of ∼ 50 ps and energy resolutions of ∼ 6%. The Monte Carlo simulation was able to model the dependence of the number of detected photons on the proton interaction position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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120. 188 - DoPET: an in-treatment monitoring system for particle therapy.

Author

Rosso, V., Battistoni, G., Belcari, N., Camarlinghi, N., Cirrone, G.A.P., Collini, F., Cuttone, G., Ciocca, M., Del Guerra, A., Ferrari, A., Ferretti, S., Kraan, A.C., Mairani, A., Pullia, M., Molinelli, S., Romano, F., Sala, P., Sportelli, G., and Zaccaro, E.

Subjects
*CANCER radiotherapy, *POSITRON emission tomography, *PATIENT monitoring, *THERAPEUTIC use of nuclear particles, *CANCER treatment, *CANCER patients, *RADIATION dosimetry
Published
2016
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122. Performance of LGAD strip detectors for particle counting of therapeutic proton beams.

Author

Monaco V, Ali OH, Bersani D, Abujami M, Boscardin M, Cartiglia N, Betta GFD, Data E, Donetti M, Ferrero M, Ficorella F, Giordanengo S, Villarreal OAM, Milian FM, Mohammadian-Behbahani MR, Olivares DM, Pullia M, Tommasino F, Verroi E, Vignati A, Cirio R, and Sacchi R

Subjects
Protons, Silicon, Cyclotrons, Radiometry methods, Proton Therapy
Abstract

Objective . The performance of silicon detectors with moderate internal gain, named low-gain avalanche diodes (LGADs), was studied to investigate their capability to discriminate and count single beam particles at high fluxes, in view of future applications for beam characterization and on-line beam monitoring in proton therapy. Approach . Dedicated LGAD detectors with an active thickness of 55 μ m and segmented in 2 mm 2 strips were characterized at two Italian proton-therapy facilities, CNAO in Pavia and the Proton Therapy Center of Trento, with proton beams provided by a synchrotron and a cyclotron, respectively. Signals from single beam particles were discriminated against a threshold and counted. The number of proton pulses for fixed energies and different particle fluxes was compared with the charge collected by a compact ionization chamber, to infer the input particle rates. Main results . The counting inefficiency due to the overlap of nearby signals was less than 1% up to particle rates in one strip of 1 MHz, corresponding to a mean fluence rate on the strip of about 5 × 10 7 p/(cm 2 ·s). Count-loss correction algorithms based on the logic combination of signals from two neighboring strips allow to extend the maximum counting rate by one order of magnitude. The same algorithms give additional information on the fine time structure of the beam. Significance . The direct counting of the number of beam protons with segmented silicon detectors allows to overcome some limitations of gas detectors typically employed for beam characterization and beam monitoring in particle therapy, providing faster response times, higher sensitivity, and independence of the counts from the particle energy., (Creative Commons Attribution license.)

Published
2023
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123. Treadmill Training Plus Semi-Immersive Virtual Reality in Parkinson's Disease: Results from a Pilot Study.

Author

Pullia M, Ciatto L, Andronaco G, Donato C, Aliotta RE, Quartarone A, De Cola MC, Bonanno M, Calabrò RS, and Cellini R

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders that causes postural instability and gait alterations, such as reduced walking speed, shorter step length, and gait asymmetry, exposing patients to a higher risk of falling. Recently, virtual reality (VR) was added to a treadmill, in order to promote motor functional recovery and neuroplastic processes. Twenty PD patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (EG) and the control group (CG). In particular, patients in the EG were trained with the C-Mill, an innovative type of treadmill, which is equipped with semi-immersive VR, whereas the CG performed conventional physiotherapy. Patients in both groups were evaluated through a specific motor assessment battery at baseline (T0) and after the training (T1). Comparing pre-(T0) and post-(T1) treatment scores, in the EG, we found statistical significances in the following outcome measures: 6 Minutes Walking Test (6MWT) ( p < 0.0005), Timed up and go (TUG right) ( p < 0.03), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) ( p < 0.006), Tinetti Scale (TS) ( p < 0.002), Falls Efficacy Scale- International (FES-I), ( p < 0.03) Unified PD Rating Scale-III (UPDRS) ( p < 0.002), and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) ( p < 0.004). Also, the CG showed statistical significances after the training. Between-group (EG and CG) analysis showed significative statistical differences in 6MWT ( p < 0.006), BBS ( p < 0.006), TS ( p < 0.008), FES-I ( p < 0.01), and FIM ( p < 0.009). From our results it emerges that both groups (EG and CG) achieved better outcome scores after the treatment, suggesting that both physiotherapy interventions were effective. However, the EG training using VR seemed to have induced more improvements, especially in gait and balance skills. Then, C-Mill could be a valid adjunctive treatment in the context of gait and balance disturbances, which are very common in the PD population.

Published
2023
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124. Do Patients with Parkinson's Disease Benefit from Dynamic Body Weight Support? A Pilot Study on the Emerging Role of Rysen.

Author

Ciatto L, Pullia M, Tavilla G, Dauccio B, Messina D, De Cola MC, Quartarone A, Cellini R, Bonanno M, and Calabrò RS

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor alterations. Typical motor symptoms include resting tremors, bradykinesia (hypokinesia or akinesia), muscular stiffness, gait alterations, and postural instability. In this context, neurorehabilitation may have a pivotal role in slowing the progression of PD, using both conventional and innovative rehabilitation approaches. Thirty patients (15 males and 15 females) affected by PD were enrolled in our study. We randomly divided the patients into two groups, an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG). In particular, the EG performed gait and balance training using the Rysen system, which is an innovative body weight support (BWS) system, whilst the CG received conventional physiotherapy. Both groups underwent 20 sessions, five times weekly, with each session lasting about 40 min. At the end of the training sessions (T1), we found that both groups (EG and CG) achieved clinical improvements, although the EG showed better scores for post-treatment regarding global motor functioning and postural stability compared to the CG. In conclusion, our results suggest that the Rysen system, which is an innovative BWS tool, could be considered a valid device for improving postural control and global motor functions, when compared to conventional gait training, in patients affected by PD.

Published
2023
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125. LIDAL, a Time-of-Flight Radiation Detector for the International Space Station: Description and Ground Calibration.

Author

Romoli G, Di Fino L, Santi Amantini G, Boretti V, Lunati L, Berucci C, Messi R, Rizzo A, Albicocco P, De Donato C, Masciantonio G, Morone MC, Nobili G, Baiocco G, Mentana A, Pullia M, Tommasino F, Carrubba E, Bardi A, Passerai M, Castagnolo D, Mascetti G, Crisconio M, and Narici L

Abstract

LIDAL (Light Ion Detector for ALTEA, Anomalous Long-Term Effects on Astronauts) is a radiation detector designed to measure the flux, the energy spectra and, for the first time, the time-of-flight of ions in a space habitat. It features a combination of striped silicon sensors for the measurement of deposited energy (using the ALTEA device, which operated from 2006 to 2012 in the International Space Station) and fast scintillators for the time-of-flight measurement. LIDAL was tested and calibrated using the proton beam line at TIFPA (Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics Application) and the carbon beam line at CNAO (National Center for Oncology Hadron-therapy) in 2019. The performance of the time-of-flight system featured a time resolution (sigma) less than 100 ps. Here, we describe the detector and the results of these tests, providing ground calibration curves along with the methodology established for processing the detector's data. LIDAL was uploaded in the International Space Station in November 2019 and it has been operative in the Columbus module since January 2020.

Published
2023
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126. In-vivo range verification analysis with in-beam PET data for patients treated with proton therapy at CNAO.

Author

Moglioni M, Kraan AC, Baroni G, Battistoni G, Belcari N, Berti A, Carra P, Cerello P, Ciocca M, De Gregorio A, De Simoni M, Del Sarto D, Donetti M, Dong Y, Embriaco A, Fantacci ME, Ferrero V, Fiorina E, Fischetti M, Franciosini G, Giraudo G, Laruina F, Maestri D, Magi M, Magro G, Malekzadeh E, Marafini M, Mattei I, Mazzoni E, Mereu P, Mirandola A, Morrocchi M, Muraro S, Orlandi E, Patera V, Pennazio F, Pullia M, Retico A, Rivetti A, Da Rocha Rolo MD, Rosso V, Sarti A, Schiavi A, Sciubba A, Sportelli G, Tampellini S, Toppi M, Traini G, Trigilio A, Valle SM, Valvo F, Vischioni B, Vitolo V, Wheadon R, and Bisogni MG

Abstract

Morphological changes that may arise through a treatment course are probably one of the most significant sources of range uncertainty in proton therapy. Non-invasive in-vivo treatment monitoring is useful to increase treatment quality. The INSIDE in-beam Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanner performs in-vivo range monitoring in proton and carbon therapy treatments at the National Center of Oncological Hadrontherapy (CNAO). It is currently in a clinical trial (ID: NCT03662373) and has acquired in-beam PET data during the treatment of various patients. In this work we analyze the in-beam PET (IB-PET) data of eight patients treated with proton therapy at CNAO. The goal of the analysis is twofold. First, we assess the level of experimental fluctuations in inter-fractional range differences (sensitivity) of the INSIDE PET system by studying patients without morphological changes. Second, we use the obtained results to see whether we can observe anomalously large range variations in patients where morphological changes have occurred. The sensitivity of the INSIDE IB-PET scanner was quantified as the standard deviation of the range difference distributions observed for six patients that did not show morphological changes. Inter-fractional range variations with respect to a reference distribution were estimated using the Most-Likely-Shift (MLS) method. To establish the efficacy of this method, we made a comparison with the Beam's Eye View (BEV) method. For patients showing no morphological changes in the control CT the average range variation standard deviation was found to be 2.5 mm with the MLS method and 2.3 mm with the BEV method. On the other hand, for patients where some small anatomical changes occurred, we found larger standard deviation values. In these patients we evaluated where anomalous range differences were found and compared them with the CT. We found that the identified regions were mostly in agreement with the morphological changes seen in the CT scan., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version., (Copyright © 2022 Moglioni, Kraan, Baroni, Battistoni, Belcari, Berti, Carra, Cerello, Ciocca, De Gregorio, De Simoni, Del Sarto, Donetti, Dong, Embriaco, Fantacci, Ferrero, Fiorina, Fischetti, Franciosini, Giraudo, Laruina, Maestri, Magi, Magro, Malekzadeh, Marafini, Mattei, Mazzoni, Mereu, Mirandola, Morrocchi, Muraro, Orlandi, Patera, Pennazio, Pullia, Retico, Rivetti, Da Rocha Rolo, Rosso, Sarti, Schiavi, Sciubba, Sportelli, Tampellini, Toppi, Traini, Trigilio, Valle, Valvo, Vischioni, Vitolo, Wheadon and Bisogni.)

Published
2022
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127. Ultrasound-assisted carbon ion dosimetry and range measurement using injectable polymer-shelled phase-change nanodroplets: in vitro study.

Author

Toumia Y, Pullia M, Domenici F, Facoetti A, Ferrarini M, Heymans SV, Carlier B, Van Den Abeele K, Sterpin E, D'hooge J, D'Agostino E, and Paradossi G

Subjects
Ions, Reproducibility of Results, Ultrasonography, Carbon, Polymers
Abstract

Methods allowing for in situ dosimetry and range verification are essential in radiotherapy to reduce the safety margins required to account for uncertainties introduced in the entire treatment workflow. This study suggests a non-invasive dosimetry concept for carbon ion radiotherapy based on phase-change ultrasound contrast agents. Injectable nanodroplets made of a metastable perfluorobutane (PFB) liquid core, stabilized with a crosslinked poly(vinylalcohol) shell, are vaporized at physiological temperature when exposed to carbon ion radiation (C-ions), converting them into echogenic microbubbles. Nanodroplets, embedded in tissue-mimicking phantoms, are exposed at 37 °C to a 312 MeV/u clinical C-ions beam at different doses between 0.1 and 4 Gy. The evaluation of the contrast enhancement from ultrasound imaging of the phantoms, pre- and post-irradiation, reveals a significant radiation-triggered nanodroplets vaporization occurring at the C-ions Bragg peak with sub-millimeter shift reproducibility and dose dependency. The specific response of the nanodroplets to C-ions is further confirmed by varying the phantom position, the beam range, and by performing spread-out Bragg peak irradiation. The nanodroplets' response to C-ions is influenced by their concentration and is dose rate independent. These early findings show the ground-breaking potential of polymer-shelled PFB nanodroplets to enable in vivo carbon ion dosimetry and range verification., (© 2022. The Author(s).)

Published
2022
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128. Improving Upper Extremity Bradykinesia in Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial on the Use of Gravity-Supporting Exoskeletons.

Author

Raciti L, Pignolo L, Perini V, Pullia M, Porcari B, Latella D, Isgrò M, Naro A, and Calabrò RS

Abstract

Hand movements are particularly impaired in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD), contributing to functional disability and difficulties in activities of daily living. Growing evidence has shown that robot-assisted therapy may be considered an effective and reliable method for the delivery of the highly repetitive training that is needed to trigger neuroplasticity, as intensive, repetitive and task-oriented training could be an ideal strategy to facilitate the relearning of motor function and to minimize motor deficit. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the improvement of hand function with semi-autonomous exercises using an upper extremity exoskeleton in patients with PD. A multicenter, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial was then carried out at the IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo (Messina, Italy). Thirty subjects with a diagnosis of PD and a Hoehn-Yahr score between 2 and 3 were enrolled in the study. Patients were 1:1 randomized into either the experimental group (ERT), receiving 45 min training daily, 6 days weekly, for 8 weeks with Armeo ® Spring (Volketswil, Switzerland) (a gravity-supporting device), or the control group (CPT), which was subjected to the same amount of conventional physical therapy. Motor abilities were assessed before and after the end of the training. The main outcomes measures were the Nine-hole peg test and the motor section of the UPDRS. All patients belonging to ERT and 9 out of 15 patients belonging to the CPT completed the trial. ERT showed a greater improvement in the primary outcome measure (nine-hole peg test) than CPT. Moreover, a statistically significant improvement was found in ERT concerning upper limb mobility, and disease burden as compared to CPT. Using an upper extremity exoskeleton (i.e., the Armeo ® Spring) for semi-autonomous training in an inpatient setting is a new perspective to train patients with PD to improve their dexterity, executive function and, potentially, quality of life.

Published
2022
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129. Biomedical Research Programs at Present and Future High-Energy Particle Accelerators.

Author

Patera V, Prezado Y, Azaiez F, Battistoni G, Bettoni D, Brandenburg S, Bugay A, Cuttone G, Dauvergne D, de France G, Graeff C, Haberer T, Inaniwa T, Incerti S, Nasonova E, Navin A, Pullia M, Rossi S, Vandevoorde C, and Durante M

Abstract

Biomedical applications at high-energy particle accelerators have always been an important section of the applied nuclear physics research. Several new facilities are now under constructions or undergoing major upgrades. While the main goal of these facilities is often basic research in nuclear physics, they acknowledge the importance of including biomedical research programs and of interacting with other medical accelerator facilities providing patient treatments. To harmonize the programs, avoid duplications, and foster collaboration and synergism, the International Biophysics Collaboration is providing a platform to several accelerator centers with interest in biomedical research. In this paper, we summarize the programs of various facilities in the running, upgrade, or construction phase., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Published
2020
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130. The Role of Particle Therapy in the Risk of Radio-induced Second Tumors: A Review of the Literature.

Author

Facoetti A, Barcellini A, Valvo F, and Pullia M

Subjects
Age Factors, Animals, Bystander Effect, Humans, Neoplasms, Second Primary mortality, Radiation, Ionizing, Radiotherapy methods, Neoplasms, Second Primary epidemiology, Neoplasms, Second Primary etiology, Radiotherapy adverse effects
Abstract

One of the most important late side-effects of radiation therapy is the development of radiation-induced secondary malignancies. In the last years, this topic has significantly influenced treatment decision-making as the number of long-term cancer survivors has significantly increased with advances in treatment modalities. All efforts are being made to prevent the incidence of tumors induced by radiation. In this review article we summarize the current knowledge about treatment-related secondary cancers with a particular attention to hadrontherapy., (Copyright© 2019, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.)

Published
2019
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131. Walking to your right music: a randomized controlled trial on the novel use of treadmill plus music in Parkinson's disease.

Author

Calabrò RS, Naro A, Filoni S, Pullia M, Billeri L, Tomasello P, Portaro S, Di Lorenzo G, Tomaino C, and Bramanti P

Subjects
Aged, Biomechanical Phenomena, Brain physiopathology, Cues, Female, Gait physiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Parkinson Disease physiopathology, Physical Therapy Modalities, Walking physiology, Acoustic Stimulation methods, Exercise Therapy methods, Music, Parkinson Disease rehabilitation
Abstract

Background: Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation (RAS) can compensate for the loss of automatic and rhythmic movements in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the effects of RAS are still poorly understood. We aimed at identifying which mechanisms sustain gait improvement in a cohort of patients with PD who practiced RAS gait training., Methods: We enrolled 50 patients with PD who were randomly assigned to two different modalities of treadmill gait training using GaitTrainer3 with and without RAS (non&#95;RAS) during an 8-week training program. We measured clinical, kinematic, and electrophysiological effects of both the gait trainings., Results: We found a greater improvement in Functional Gait Assessment (p < 0.001), Tinetti Falls Efficacy Scale (p < 0.001), Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (p = 0.001), and overall gait quality index (p < 0.001) following RAS than non&#95;RAS training. In addition, the RAS gait training induced a stronger EEG power increase within the sensorimotor rhythms related to specific periods of the gait cycle, and a greater improvement of fronto-centroparietal/temporal electrode connectivity than the non&#95;RAS gait training., Conclusions: The findings of our study suggest that the usefulness of cueing strategies during gait training consists of a reshape of sensorimotor rhythms and fronto-centroparietal/temporal connectivity. Restoring the internal timing mechanisms that generate and control motor rhythmicity, thus improving gait performance, likely depends on a contribution of the cerebellum. Finally, identifying these mechanisms is crucial to create patient-tailored, RAS-based rehabilitative approaches in PD., Trial Registration: NCT03434496 . Registered 15 February 2018, retrospectively registered.

Published
2019
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132. Improving Sexual Function by Using Focal Vibrations in Men with Spinal Cord Injury: Encouraging Findings from a Feasibility Study.

Author

Calabrò RS, Naro A, Pullia M, Porcari B, Torrisi M, La Rosa G, Manuli A, Billeri L, Bramanti P, and Quattrini F

Abstract

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a frequent and disabling condition in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Spasticity can negatively affect sexual intercourse, as it may interfere with positioning, mobility, and muscle activation and strength, leading to ED. The aim of our study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of muscle vibration (MV) applied to the pelvic muscles in improving ED in men with SCI. Ten adult men with traumatic SCI were submitted to 15 sessions of MV, applied on the perineum and the suprapubic and sacrococcygeal areas, using a pneumatic vibrator. MV was performed three times a week for five consecutive weeks, each session lasting 30 min. Muscle tone and sexual function were assessed before and after MV using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). We assessed the cremasteric and bulbocavernosus reflexes, as well as the electrophysiological bulbocavernosus reflex (eBCR) and pudendal nerve somatosensory-evoked potential (PSEP). MV was safe and well tolerated. All the patients reported an improvement in MAS and IIEF, with better reflexive responses, and a significant increase in eBCR and PSEP amplitude. In conclusion, MV of the pelvic floor is a promising method to reduce segmental spasticity and improve ED in men with incomplete SCI. However, our findings require confirmation through a randomized clinical trial with a larger sample size and longer trial period to examine long-term after effects.

Published
2019
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133. Effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment on patients with multiple sclerosis: A pilot study.

Author

Porcari B, Russo M, Naro A, La Via C, Pullia M, Accorinti M, De Luca R, and Calabrò RS

Subjects
Adult, Disability Evaluation, Female, Humans, Italy, Male, Manipulation, Osteopathic methods, Pilot Projects, Treatment Outcome, Multiple Sclerosis therapy
Abstract

Objectives: To describe the effects of osteopathic manipulative treatment in patients affected by Multiple Sclerosis (MS)., Design and Setting: This is a pilot study involving 20 MS patients attending the IRCCS Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", Messina, Italy., Intervention: The clinical evaluation was performed before starting rehabilitation treatment (T0) and after 8 weeks of treatment (T1). The CG sample undergo a conventional rehabilitation training (CRT), 5 times/week for 60 min (for a total of 40 sessions), the EG performed the same CRT (but with a different frequency, i.e. 3 times/week, for a total of 24 sessions) and a specific OMT 2 times/week for 60 min (for a total of 16 sessions)., Main Outcome Measures: We analyzed the scores recorded in the following main scales: Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), 10 m walking test (10mWT), Hamilton anxiety rating scale (HRS-A), and the Fatigue severity scale (FSS)., Results: Our data showed a reduction in the FSS score for the EG (40 ± 1,41 at T0 vs 37 ± 2,32 at T1; p = 0.04) but not in the CG (41 ± 2,41 at TO vs 39 ± 2,6 at T1) with an intergroup difference p < 0.00. An improvement of HRS-A and 10mWT was also detected in the EG., Conclusions: Our data raise idea that OMT might be useful in rehabilitative setting in MS patients, with particular regard to anxiety and fatigue., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2019
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134. Mixed particle beam for simultaneous treatment and online range verification in carbon ion therapy: Proof-of-concept study.

Author

Mazzucconi D, Agosteo S, Ferrarini M, Fontana L, Lante V, Pullia M, and Savazzi S

Subjects
Monte Carlo Method, Proton Therapy, Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted, Time Factors, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Heavy Ion Radiotherapy methods
Abstract

Purpose: Radiation therapy with ion beams provides a better conformation and effectiveness of the dose delivered to the tumor with respect to photon beams. This implies that a small uncertainty or variation in the crossed tissue shape and density may lead to a more important underdosage of the tumor and/or an overdosage of the surrounding healthy tissue. Although the online control of beam fluence and transverse position is well managed by an appropriate beam delivery system, the online measurement of the longitudinal position of the Bragg peak inside the patient is still an open issue. In this paper we propose a proof-of-concept study of a technique that would allow the online verification of the patient thickness along the beam direction, which could permit detecting a subset of possible range error causes, such as morphological variations., Methods: The nuclei 12 C and 4 He have the same magnetic rigidity: the two species could be accelerated together in an accelerator and a mixed particle beam delivered to the patient. In the same medium and with the same energy per nucleon, the range of 4 He 2+ is about three times the 12 C 6+ one. It is, thus, conceivable to achieve a dual goal with a single mixed beam: carbon, stopping into the tumor, is appointed to cure, while helium, emerging from the patient, to control: by detecting and measuring the residual range and position of He, it would be possible to determine the integrated relative stopping power of the patient and prove that it is the expected one. For the detection of helium particles, a plastic scintillator and an optical sensor are proposed. Being helium ions not available at CNAO, the detection system has been characterized using a proton beam. Nevertheless, since the light emitted by a proton is less than the one produced by a helium ion, the helium signal is expected to be more pronounced than the proton one (for the same number of particles). To predict the magnitude of the light signal measured by the sensor, two Monte Carlo models have been setup and validated by measuring the photons per pixel impinging on the sensor. To deal with the many optical issues and to reliably describe the physical process, some corrections have been included into the models., Results: The predictions of both the models are in good agreement with the measurements (within the 20% in terms of absolute photons per pixel). The proposed detection system is able to measure the range of a proton beam with sub-millimetrical precision also in the presence of the background produced by carbon ion fragments and discrepancies in the expected range were detected with a resolution better than 1 mm., Conclusions: Although many technical issues have still to be addressed for a real implementation in a clinical environment, the preliminary results of this study suggest that a surrogate of real-time verification of the beam range inside the patient during a treatment with carbon ions is possible by adding a small fraction of helium ions to the primary beam., (© 2018 American Association of Physicists in Medicine.)

Published
2018
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