1,818 results on '"Priority areas"'
Search Results
102. Risk Factor as a Strategy to Validate the Prioritization of Areas for Wildfire Protection.
- Author
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Flores Garnica, José G., Macías, Alejandra, and Casillas, Uri D.
- Subjects
WILDFIRES ,DISEASE risk factors ,FOREST protection ,THEMATIC maps ,RESOURCE management - Abstract
The limited availability of resources for wildfire management necessitates prioritizing forest areas for protection. For this purpose, criteria such as fire risk are used to generate thematic maps intended to support decision-making. However, prior to this, the information must be validated under a statistically robust process. Unfortunately, no such process currently exists, so it must be formulated from the most basic aspect, which is the definition of the sampling unit. This was the objective of this study, where different-sized reference sites (RSs) were tested under four sampling intensities randomly distributed throughout the state of Jalisco, Mexico. Within each RS, the number of fires was determined for the period 2005-2013. It was found that variability in the number of fires decreased as the size of the RS increased, until reaching an asymptotic behavior (around 100 km
2 ). In this way it was determined that a RS of 100 km2 captures the variability in the number of fires, which was termed Risk Factor (RF). Finally, the use of this parameter will support the definition of the risk validation process. In addition, the standardization of the RS will generate information, in different regions, that is not only comparable but also compatible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
103. Identifying Future Vehicle Safety Priority Areas in Australia for the Light Vehicle Fleet
- Author
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Stuart Newstead and Laurie Budd
- Subjects
Transport engineering ,050210 logistics & transportation ,Computer science ,0502 economics and business ,05 social sciences ,Vehicle safety ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,General Medicine ,Priority areas ,Transportation and communications ,050107 human factors ,HE1-9990 - Abstract
Formulating priorities for future road safety strategies requires supporting analysis to predict what the future crash population will look like and to assess how the countermeasures either already in place or planned will address the crash problems forecast. This analysis aimed to identify future priority action areas for light vehicle safety by identifying crash types that will not be fully addressed in the future by projected improvements in active and passive safety in the Australian light vehicle fleet. The future crash profile was modelled from 2017 to 2030 using crash data from 5 Australian jurisdictions overlayed with available evidence on vehicle safety feature fitment and effectiveness. The methodology can be applied to larger sets of safety technologies when sufficient evidence and supporting crash data become available. Three future vehicle safety priority areas were identified from the analysis: (i) fatal pedestrian crashes, (ii) single vehicle frontal crashes with objects, and (iii) front-to-front vehicle crashes both at intersections and midblocks, and front-to-side impacts at intersections including straight crossing path and right turn across path crash types. These crash types were projected to be the largest contributors to fatalities by 2030. Projections showed that remaining crash types in 2030 will be poorly addressed by current vehicle safety technologies such as autonomous emergency braking, lane departure warning and electronic stability control. Future vehicle safety policy priorities should address these crash types through the development of additional or enhanced vehicle safety technologies and where vehicle safety technology proves inadequate other countermeasures such as road infrastructure treatments and appropriate speed limit setting for high risk environments that address the key crash types remaining in the system.
- Published
- 2021
104. Development and implementation of technologies for cultural enlightenment in the context of state cultural policy: semantic guidelines and priority areas
- Author
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V. V. Stetsenko
- Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Enlightenment ,Context (language use) ,Public administration ,Priority areas ,050601 international relations ,0506 political science ,State (polity) ,Political science ,050602 political science & public administration ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,General Environmental Science ,media_common ,Cultural policy - Abstract
The article represents the topical trends in contemporary Russian political discourse. The author proceeds from the thesis about the strengthening of the importance of the cultural component of state policy in relation to the education of young people, the reproduction of the political elite, as well as the building of communicative influences between the elite and the people. The article provides an overview of the legal framework of sources within the framework of the research area under consideration. In particular, the article analyzes changes in the field of constitutional legislation, as well as new law-making initiatives in the context of the discussion and adoption of the Laws on Culture and Youth Policy. Significant research platforms are highlighted that accentuate the problems of cultural policy, in the aspects of forming the foundations of the traditional cultural and civilizational identity of youth, as well as the reproduction and improvement of the quality of human capital in the field of training management personnel. Within the framework of the article, the phenomenon of cultural enlightenment is positioned as a promising direction of cultural policy, which is very relevant from the point of view of solving the problems being analyzed. The concept of «cultural imperative» is put forward, designed to become one of the «catalysts» of the process of value-semantic formation of the political elite. The methodological basis of the study was interpretive and empirical methods of studying the impact of state cultural policy, including cultural enlightenment, on the political outlook and socialization of young people, as well as the study of youth as a subject of political relations, its place and role in the political processes of the Russian state, development strategies civic and patriotic activity of young people in a modern society subject to globalization and informatization. In our research, we turned to an interdisciplinary method, in particular, we use the research techniques of sociology in the framework of monitoring on key research issues. As the results of the research, the author proposes projects of optional courses and retraining courses aimed at enriching the system of training the future political elite with value-semantic content through the tools of cultural enlightenment.
- Published
- 2021
105. Priority areas of the estimation of environmental-economic situation in oil-gas industry
- Author
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A.V. Sadygova
- Subjects
Estimation ,Economic situation ,Natural resource economics ,Business ,Priority areas - Abstract
The paper analyzes the methodological approaches to the sole environmental-economic estimation of natural measures. The issues of the improvement of environmental-economic mechanism and ensuring environmental safety towards the formation of ecological measures in the construction of oil-gas objects within SOCAR strategy of steady economic development have been studied, the analysis on the waste management within SOCAR carried out and as a result of conducted research, the priorities in the spheres of environmental protection and rational nature management of business entities in the oil-gas industry specified as well.
- Published
- 2021
106. Blockchain Impact on Public Administration Processes in the Digital Economy
- Author
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Svetlana Pivneva, Igor Borisovich Khmelev, Aleksandra Igorevna Makarova, Nataliaya Vitkovskaya, and Anatoly Dmitrievich Ten
- Subjects
Blockchain ,State (polity) ,Corruption ,Corporate governance ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Digital economy ,Bureaucracy ,Business ,Public administration ,Priority areas ,media_common - Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine the blockchain impact on public administration processes in the digital economy.The study presents approaches to the transformation of the public (state) governance mechanisms using blockchain. Blockchain systems are classified according to four types: “inclusive-public”, “inclusive-closed”, “exclusive-public”, and “exclusive-closed”. For the information and communication (digital) systems of public authorities, the priority is the exclusive-public or exclusive-closed blockchain. The priority areas of their application in the field of public administration and the main risks of using blockchain systems by public authorities are identified.In the conclusion, the authors determine that the blockchain introduction into the field of public administration will help to increase trust in public authorities, provide high-quality public services, reduce the level of corruption and bureaucracy, protect data from damage or theft, and reduce the risks of data forgery.
- Published
- 2021
107. Competitive Level of the Trade Service Quality: Resource-based Approach
- Author
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Ibragim Agaevich Ramazanov, Tatyana Ivanovna Uryaseva, Alexander Fedorovich Nikishin, Elena Aleksandrovna Mayorova, and Svetlana Panasenko
- Subjects
Service quality ,Resource based ,Value proposition ,Value (economics) ,Key (cryptography) ,Business ,Investment (macroeconomics) ,Priority areas ,Industrial organization - Abstract
The trade service quality is considered to be the fundamental basis for creating the consumer value in the market offer. The transformation of resources into a value proposition requires to define the priority areas of their investment in accordance with the key determinants of the trade service quality, which determined the purpose of this study. It has been proved that the state of the material and technical base of Russian trading enterprises does not correspond to the tasks of ensuring a competitive level of the trade service quality.
- Published
- 2021
108. Decarbonising the Built Environment: Charting the Transition
- Author
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Andrew Allan
- Subjects
Urban Studies ,White (horse) ,Political science ,National development ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Library science ,Priority areas ,Built environment ,Prasad - Abstract
In an attempt to ensure that Australian scientific research in key priority areas of national development provided practical benefits to industry and the community at large through technology trans...
- Published
- 2021
109. Improvement of the mechanism of management accounting of enterprise expenses in the conditions of clusterization
- Author
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Pavlo Hlasov
- Subjects
clustering of the economy ,HF5001-6182 ,Mechanism (biology) ,Cost accounting ,Effective management ,Priority areas ,Investment (macroeconomics) ,Identification (information) ,cluster formations ,management cost accounting mechanism ,Management accounting ,T1-995 ,Business ,management cost accounting ,Cluster analysis ,Industrial organization ,Technology (General) - Abstract
The object of research is the implementation of clustering of the economy as an effective mechanism for management accounting of the costs of enterprises. One of the most problematic areas is the identification of the main priority areas of clustering the economy, which will actively influence the development of management accounting of enterprises' costs. The use of a cluster mechanism for management cost accounting, thanks to management, information, personnel, financial, investment, and innovation potential, will create a research base for developing cost accounting methods and assess the prospects for its use in clusters. The analysis of the current state of the introduction of clustering of the economy is made on the example of Ukraine. The main characteristics of the directions of development of the introduction of clustering of the economy have been determined. The main priority areas of clustering of the economy will actively influence the development of management accounting of enterprises' costs. In the course of the study, approaches to clustering the economy as an effective mechanism for management accounting of enterprises' costs are used. The stages of the introduction of clustering of the economy as an effective mechanism for management accounting of the costs of enterprises are determined. These stages provide for the determination of the role of clustering the economy in creating an effective mechanism for accounting for expenses in clusters and the development and implementation of action plans for its implementation. The next step is to analyze the implementation of management accounting of expenses in clusters and develop the principles of its formation. For their implementation, it is proposed to develop directions for the development of the introduction of clustering of the economy and to present the cluster mechanism as an effective factor in improving the management accounting of enterprises' costs. Thanks to this, it is possible to prevent and solve the problems of management accounting of expenses in clusters and to increase the efficiency of the cluster association. In comparison with similar well-known methods, the proposed approaches allow to form an effective management cost accounting system and improve management in clusters using the cluster approach.
- Published
- 2021
110. Using the Methodology for the Comprehensive Assessment of Scientific and Technological Projects to Estimate Risks of their Failure
- Author
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A. V. Komarov, K. A. Komarov, and K. V. Shurtakov
- Subjects
trl ,model ,Computer science ,assessment ,Program activities ,Technology readiness level ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Priority areas ,Field (computer science) ,03 medical and health sciences ,Engineering management ,0302 clinical medicine ,Economics as a science ,tprl ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,ugt ,technology readiness level ,HB71-74 ,scientific and technological project ,risk reduction ,risk - Abstract
The article proposes approaches to assessing the risk of non-implementation of scientific and technological projects, based on the analysis of data from institutions for innovative development of information, and carried out following the requirements of a comprehensive assessment of projects’ technological readiness. One of the approaches presented allows you to build a matrix for subsequent analysis that describes the possibility of a project oving to a higher level of development, and the second is based on identifying empirical dependencies between the level of readiness of the project being executed and the risk of violating its deadlines. Examples of applying the developed approaches for practical tasks on program activities of target programs in the field of research and development in priority areas of the scientific and technological complex of Russia are given. The described models are intended for use in the governing bodies of innovative development institutions to increase the implemented support programs’ efficiency.
- Published
- 2021
111. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Practices in the Philippines: Meeting National and Global Targets at the Local Level
- Author
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Joseph Aaron Joe, Victorio B. Molina, Cyrille Nahla Ayes, John Robert Medina, Olivia T. Sison, Carlo Lumangaya, and Vicente Y. Belizario
- Subjects
Toilet ,Improved water source ,Sanitation ,Hygiene ,Service delivery framework ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Significant difference ,Business ,Priority areas ,Environmental planning ,General Environmental Science ,media_common - Abstract
As national and global water, sanitation, and hygiene targets have been set and programs have been implemented, the study aimed to assess the attainment of these targets at the local level in selected areas in Davao region, the Philippines. Randomly selected households were assessed for water, sanitation, and hygiene indicators using a modified tool that combined national guidelines and global recommendations. Validated access to improved water source for drinking was below the targets in most barangays, while validated sanitary toilet coverages in all barangays did not meet the targets. Significant difference was observed between validated and reported access to improved water and sanitation services in some barangays. Approximately 87.5% of households had a handwashing facility, but only 51.2% of which had both water and soap available. Achieving the targets is challenged by the gap in monitoring due to a decentralized health system in the Philippines. There is a need to standardize indicators and optimize the tool to allow a comprehensive assessment of water, sanitation, and hygiene practices. This will help generate local data that are in line with national guidelines and global recommendations to enhance policy and to determine priority areas for improved water, sanitation, and hygiene service delivery.
- Published
- 2021
112. Protection of the rights of journalists by the authorized by human rights of the Russian Federation
- Subjects
Human rights ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Section (typography) ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Priority areas ,Access to information ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Law ,Political science ,Economic pressure ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Russian federation ,Independent media ,media_common - Abstract
The main aspects of the protection of the rights of journalists by the Human Rights Ombudsman in the Russian Federation, presented in his reports from 1998 to 2019, are studied. It is revealed that the problem of violations of the rights of journalists was present in most of the reports of the Ombudsman, the Ombudsman considers attacks on them to obstruct the exercise of their professional duties, the termination of the activities of the media on grounds unforeseen by law, some forms of economic pressure on independent media, illegal restrictions on access to information, etc.It is concluded that the protection of the rights of journalists should remain one of the priority areas of the activities of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation, the analysis of violations of the rights of journalists should be included in the section “Protection of the rights of certain categories of citizens.” To some extent, this proposal was embodied in the report of the Ombudsman in 2019, section 2.6 of which is designated as “Freedom of speech and protection of the rights of journalists”.
- Published
- 2021
113. CONSERVAÇÃO DE PEIXES DE RIACHO: PLANEJAMENTO E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS
- Author
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Vanessa Reis, Carla Natacha Marcolino Polaz, and Renata G. Frederico
- Subjects
Conservation planning ,Prioritization ,Geography ,Ecology ,Forest cover ,%22">Fish ,Context (language use) ,Forestry ,Priority areas ,Left behind ,Freshwater ecosystem - Abstract
A biologia da conservacao, historicamente, alicercou seus principios e fundamentos tendo os ambientes terrestres como palco principal; ambientes aquaticos, sempre estiveram nos bastidores. Embora com foco terrestre, as areas protegidas oferecem algum tipo de protecao aos organismos aquaticos, porem comumente deixam de fora alguns elementos fundamentais da paisagem de ambientes aquaticos, como a conectividade de rios, lagos e riachos, o que compromete a reproducao e persistencia dos organismos aquaticos. A preservacao dos ecossistemas terrestres e fundamental, mas a reflexao que gostariamos de suscitar e a de valorizacao dos ecossistemas aquaticos, nao em detrimento aos terrestres, e sim em adicao a eles. Os ambientes de aguas continentais sao sistemas hierarquicos e aninhados, possuindo conexoes tanto longitudinais (montante-jusante) quanto laterais (afluentes, lagos e planicie de inundacao), e ainda conexoes temporais (inundacoes sazonais) e verticais (aquiferos, lencol freatico). A metodologia utilizada para conservacao na escala de paisagem e o Planejamento Sistematico para a Conservacao (PSC). Essa analise espacial leva em consideracao relacoes de custo-beneficio baseadas em fatores ecologicos, normalmente area de distribuicao, e socioeconomicos, e resulta em mapas tematicos de areas prioritarias para conservacao. Originalmente, o PSC nao levou em consideracao a conectividade dos ecossistemas de aguas continentais, recentemente incorporada aos algoritmos de priorizacao espacial para conservacao. Os mapas gerados a partir dessa priorizacao espacial ajudam a direcionar acoes para a conservacao e manejo de especies, e para a confeccao de planos de reducao de impacto (PRIM) e planos de acao para especies ameacadas (PAN). Esses planos devem ser viaveis nao so em termos ecologicos, mas tambem economicos. Os PRIM e PAN tambem utilizam informacoes sobre a ecologia das especies, e focam em acoes para combater ou diminuir os riscos de ameaca as populacoes ou ao ambiente onde vivem as especies ou grupos taxonomicos, foco desses planos, que sao instrumentos importantes de politicas publicas ambientais no Brasil. Com isso, o PSC tem sido uma ferramenta importante de integracao entre academia, sociedade e tomadores de decisoes, com potencial para melhorar a gestao de recursos e ecossistemas. STREAM FISH CONSERVATION: PLANNING AND PUBLIC POLICIES: Conservation biology has historically been based on principles to protect terrestrial ecosystems, with marine and freshwater ecosystems left behind. As a result, often, protected areas are defined with bases in forest cover and terrestrial characteristics overseeing important components of connectivity of riverine landscapes, such as the connectivity between rivers, lakes, and streams. It is important to emphasize that forest protection is extremely important, but that alone cannot safeguard the protection of freshwater ecosystems. Therefore, our discussion should lead, not to the disregard of terrestrial efforts but to the complementation of existing efforts for forest protection with the addition of areas that can also protect freshwater ecosystems. Fluvial ecosystems are hierarchical and nested systems, with multidimensional connectivity including longitudinal (upstream-downstream), lateral (floodplains and lakes), temporal (seasons) and vertical (groundwaters) connections. Systematic Conservation Planning (SCP) is the most well accepted and used method for designing conservation plans based on cost-effective scenarios that include ecological and socio-economic values resulting in thematic maps of priority areas for conservation. Recently, methods to consider the connectivity of freshwater ecosystems were incorporated into spatial prioritization tools. Maps produced using spatial prioritization tools can help decision making on species management and conservation actions, such as plans for species’ impact reduction (PRIM) and action plans for threatened species (PAN). PRIM and PAN use information about species ecology to focus conservation actions onto target species. These conservation action plans must be viable not only ecologically but also economically. In this context, using SCP to guide designs of PRIM and PAN can help stakeholders to achieve better conservation actions in Brazil. Thus, the SCP can improve the conservation and management of freshwater ecosystems, through the integration of science, society and stakeholder.
- Published
- 2021
114. ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF MODELS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION ORGANIZATIONS
- Subjects
Transformation (function) ,Knowledge management ,Higher education ,business.industry ,Political science ,Digital transformation ,Context (language use) ,business ,Priority areas - Abstract
The article presents an analysis of five international and national framework models for digital transformation of higher education organizations, identifies priority areas of university transformation in the context of an evolving digital environment, identifies typical deficiencies found in national programs and strategies for digital transformation of higher education organizations. The article is aimed at identifying the main directions of changes in the activities of educational organizations provided for in these frameworks, as well as correlating them with the activities provided for in national programs and strategies for digital transformation of higher education organizations and identifying systemic deficits. The article describes the digital strategies of individual universities, which are developed in accordance with the goals and objectives of a particular university, its competencies and deficits, as well as the expectations of its main stakeholders.
- Published
- 2021
115. Public health in the 'year of coronavirus'
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Public health ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Public administration ,Priority areas ,Unified system ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Work (electrical) ,Political science ,medicine ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Christian ministry ,Russian federation - Abstract
In recent years, one of the priority areas of work of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and subordinate organizations has become the formation of an unified system of strengthening public health, including both infrastructure and program elements, and specific measures. This work analyzes the results of activity on the formation of the coronavirus infection system.
- Published
- 2021
116. Boendeintegration : En kvalitativ forskningsstudie om boendeintegration i prioriterade områden i Jönköpings kommun
- Author
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Ali, Hodo and Ali, Hodo
- Published
- 2022
117. Biodiversity priority areas and conservation strategies for seed plants in China
- Author
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Xudong, Yang, Wendi, Zhang, Fei, Qin, Jianghong, Yu, Tiantian, Xue, Yunfeng, Huang, Weibin, Xu, Jianyong, Wu, Erik F, Smets, and Shengxiang, Yu
- Subjects
biodiversity hotspot ,Science & Technology ,complementary algorithm ,correlation analysis ,SPECIES RICHNESS ,Plant Sciences ,QINGHAI-TIBETAN PLATEAU ,Plant Science ,IN-SITU CONSERVATION ,THREATENED PLANTS ,HOTSPOTS ,priority areas ,PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY ,NATURE-RESERVES ,DISTRIBUTIONS ,PROTECTION ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,GEOGRAPHIC-DISTRIBUTION - Abstract
China is known for its abundant plant resources, but biodiversity conservation faces unprecedented challenges. To provide feasible suggestions for sustainable conservation, we used the species richness algorithm and complementary algorithm to study distribution patterns of 34,082 seed plants based on 1,007,196 county-level distribution records. We reconstructed a phylogenetic tree for 95.35% of species and estimated the spatial phylogenetics, followed by correlation analyses between different distribution patterns. We identified 264 counties concentrated in southern and south-western mountainous areas as hotspots which covered 10% of the land area of China and harbored 85.22% of the Chinese seed plant species. The biodiversity conservation priorities we identified were highly representative as we have considered multiple conservation indicators. We evaluated the conservation effectiveness and gaps in the network of nature reserves and identified 31.44, 32.95, and 9.47%, respectively, of the hotspot counties as gaps in the national nature reserves, provincial nature reserves and both together, with respectively 55.77, 61.53, and 28.94% of the species. Analysis of the species composition showed there were a large number of threatened and endemic species occurring in the nature reserves' gaps. The conservation gaps need to be filled by establishing new nature reserves or national parks, especially in south-western China, and more attentions should be paid to strengthen the conservation of specific plant taxa due to the apparent mismatches between different distribution patterns. ispartof: FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE vol:13 ispartof: location:Switzerland status: published
- Published
- 2022
118. Identifying priority areas for surface water protection in data scarce regions: An integrated spatial analysis for Zambia
- Author
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Frank Nyoni, Loreen Katiyo, Bruce R. Paxton, Nicholas A. Rivers-Moore, Faith Chivava, Beauty Shamboko-Mbale, Kawawa Banda, Oscar M. Silembo, Agness Musutu, Günther Grill, Bernhard Lehner, Raquel Filgueiras, Henry Sichingabula, Michele Thieme, and Edwin Nyirenda
- Subjects
Prioritization ,Ecology ,Environmental science ,Aquatic Science ,Priority areas ,Surface water ,Environmental planning ,Nature and Landscape Conservation - Published
- 2021
119. Environmental Issues and Priority Areas for Ecological Engineering Initiatives
- Author
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Sanchayita Rajkhowa, Nazmun Ara Khanom, and Jyotirmoy Sarma
- Subjects
Geography ,Sustainability ,Priority areas ,Ecological engineering ,Environmental planning - Published
- 2021
120. Ўзбекистон Республикасининг рақобатбардош миллий инновация тизимини шакллантириш муаммолари
- Subjects
Process management ,Interview ,Business ,Foreign direct investment ,Priority areas ,Structural transformation ,Reliability (statistics) ,Medium term ,Situation analysis - Abstract
Aim: The target article analysed some issues of the formation of a modern competitive national innovative system in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Methods: The instrumental and methodical tools of the research are based on the application, in the framework of a systematic approach of a general scientific research methods: logical and situational analysis, expert assessments, questionnaires, observation, interviewing, groupings, comparison. These tools were used in various combinations at different stages of the study which allowed to ensure a scientific reliability of the final results, conclusions and recommendations. Findings: The article specified and supplemented the theoretical and methodological provisions of the theory of formation of the national innovative model. The authors proved that existing mechanism for managing the scientific-research and innovative activity in the country does not meet the requirements of competitiveness based on the systematic analysis of the NIS (National Innovative System) elements of Uzbekistan and innovative development and its relationships. Thus on the basis of these findings priority areas of the innovative development for the medium term have been developed. Conclusion: Predicted growth in demand and cost increase of innovations, including additional measures to attract foreign direct investments will accelerate the processes of structural transformation of the economy in the sphere of high-technological sectors increase.
- Published
- 2021
121. Mapping of priority areas for forest restoration in the San Rafael Reserve for National Park, Paraguay
- Author
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Stella Rodríguez, Lourdes Gon Zále Z Soria, Lucia Janet Villalba Marín, and Fabiana Carolina Miranda
- Subjects
Geography ,National park ,Forestry ,Priority areas ,Forest restoration - Abstract
Debido a la necesidad de estudios referidos al tema de la degradación de ecosistemas a nivel país, y las opciones para la restauración; se ha considerado importante evaluar áreas prioritarias para la restauración forestal en la Reserva para Parque Nacional San Rafael, reconocida tanto por su importancia para la conservación, como por sus procesos de degradación históricos, siendo éste el objetivo general de la investigación. La Reserva ubicada entre los departamentos de Itapúa y Caazapá es considerada un remanente boscoso representativo de la ecorregión Bosque Atlántico del Alto Paraná. La metodología se basó en la priorización espacial de criterios relacionados a la restauración de bosques a través de Sistemas de Información Geográfica, utilizando imágenes satelitales, cartografías temáticas y herramientas ArcGis 10.3 y QGIS 2.18. Se aplicó una evaluación multicriterio, donde se combinaron 14 capas de información para obtener las áreas prioritarias para acciones de restauración forestal. Los resultados indican que la categoría de máxima prioridad de restauración representa el 7,03% y la categoría alta prioridad el 17,86%, ambas ubicadas en la zona Oeste. Esta investigación buscó facilitar información para futuros proyectos de restauración forestal y otras acciones de manejo y conservación, oportunamente enmarcados en la declaración de la Década de las Naciones Unidas para la restauración de los ecosistemas (2021-2030).
- Published
- 2021
122. Defining the Building Blocks and the Priority Areas for Cooperation Under the Belt and Road Initiative
- Author
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Kum Weng Yong, Doris Hooi Chyee Toe, and Yaktor Joshua Inusa
- Subjects
Sustainable development ,peace ,regional cooperation and connectivity ,Financial integration ,Scopus ,Green development ,Priority areas ,NA1-9428 ,belt and road initiative ,GF1-900 ,Systematic review ,shared global community ,Human ecology. Anthropogeography ,Order (exchange) ,Architecture ,Regional science ,Business ,China ,green development - Abstract
The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is a China’s endeavour to globally connect the countries along two major routes. This paper examines the keywords defining the building blocks and priority areas under the BRI and their relationship in order to foster a practical understanding of the BRI for enhancing regional cooperation and connectivity along the routes. The methodology employed was a systematic literature review involving four stages. Firstly, a broad search in the Scopus database (2016-2020) using BRI or similar terms returned n=1,710 articles which were further limited using the keywords: building blocks, priority areas, policy coordination, infrastructure connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration and people-to-people exchange. Other keywords considered were community and Silk Road. The articles were then screened and assessed resulting in 155 articles reviewed in this study. The review reveals that while the building blocks are the aim motivating the BRI, hence the spirit behind it, the five priority areas provide practical methods through which China and other countries along the Belt and Road routes will focus their collective development. The relationship between the two aspects owes to the fact that people are involved at all spheres of the initiative bringing about emphasis on the people-to-people exchangewhich is a core part of social dimension in sustainable development. In contribution, this paper presents a unique perspective for looking at the BRI for a focused discussion of its cooperative framework which could serve as a foundation for further research in various sectors.
- Published
- 2021
123. Priority Areas For The Development Of A Flexible Labor Market In Uzbekistan
- Author
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Lochinbek Amirov, Nargiza Turgunovna Shayusupova, Shahnoza Khamidovna Rahmatullayeva, and Mavluda Askarova
- Subjects
education.field_of_study ,Labour economics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,Unemployment ,Flexibility (personality) ,Business ,Priority areas ,education ,The Republic ,media_common - Abstract
The article discusses the main tasks of a flexible labor market and employment of the population in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The analysis of the dynamics of the structure of labor resources, the level of participation of the population of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the labor resources by sex, the dynamics of the level of employment and unemployed in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The main conclusion of the authors is that solving the problems of increasing the flexibility of the labor market and stimulating the reduction of illegal employment, growth of employment and efficiency of labor use, including by increasing the territorial mobility of labor resources.
- Published
- 2021
124. Valuation of Rice Postharvest Losses in Sub-Saharan Africa and Its Mitigation Strategies
- Author
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Delphine Lamare Mapiemfu, Elvis A. Baidoo, Sali Atanga Ndindeng, Jean Moreira, Alphonse Candia, Vohangisoa Rakotomalala, Kurahisha Kulwa, Sow Mohammed, Paul Houssou, Ousman M. Jarju, Nahemiah Danbaba, Koichi Futakuchi, and Salimata S. Coulibaly
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Threshing ,Sub saharan ,food and beverages ,Plant Science ,Agricultural engineering ,Loss mitigation ,Priority areas ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Postharvest ,Environmental science ,Parboiling ,Value chain ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Biotechnology ,Valuation (finance) - Abstract
Data on rice harvest and postharvest loss in Sub-Sahara Africa (SSA) is scanty making it difficult for stakeholders to appreciate the loss and set priority areas for loss reduction along the value chain. To address this problem, a protocol was developed and validated for postharvest loss (PHL) quantification in SSA. Quantitative losses at each segment were determined by field measurements. Interactive effect of origin of rice (domestic versus imported) and type of processing (white versus parboiled milled) on rice price in 33 markets in Africa was used to estimate qualitative loss for both white and parboiled milled rice. Total PHL for rice in SSA in 2018 is estimated at about US$ 10.24 billion, representing 47.63% of the expected total production. The highest loss recorded was quantitative loss before and during harvesting, followed by qualitative loss along the entire value chain, quantitative loss during milling, parboiling, threshing in that order, with the lowest being quantitative loss during drying. Priority areas to be targeted for PHL reduction in SSA and some loss mitigation tools and technologies piloted or suitable for SSA are proposed.
- Published
- 2021
125. Development of a method for the analysis of the lists of medicines and its application for the analysis of the lists of medicines in Russia, England, and Italy
- Author
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V. V. Omelyanovskiy, L. A. Kolganov, Yu. V. Vasilyeva, K. I. Matrenin, V. A. Lemeshko, and G. R. Khachatryan
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,International Nonproprietary Name ,RM1-950 ,02 engineering and technology ,vital and essential medicines ,drug provision ,system of reimbursement ,lists of medicines ,anatomical therapeutic chemical classification ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Anatomical therapeutic chemical ,Health care ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,HB71-74 ,Reimbursement ,Pharmacology ,Absolute number ,business.industry ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Priority areas ,Economics as a science ,Family medicine ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,business ,Healthcare system - Abstract
Objective: the development and approbation of the method for comparative analysis of the lists of medicines in different countries and systems of healthcare.Material and methods. Based on the open-access data on the lists of medicines published on official websites of the authorized regulators, the authors selected the national lists of medicines of Russia, England, and Italy for the development and approbation of the method. It was proposed to use three parameters: the absolute number of medicines by international nonproprietary name (INN); the structure of the lists based on anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) classification; and the coverage of the indications based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th edition (ICD-10). The results of the analysis provided grounds for the review of the approaches to the formation of the lists of medicines required for medical help in Russia, England, and Italy and reimbursed from the state budget.Results. The number of medicines by INN in the national lists of England and Italy exceeds the total number of drugs included in the list of vital essential and desirable (VED) in Russia. All the analyzed lists were characterized by an uneven distribution of medicines within the lists by the ATC groups. The lists of medicines in England and Italy significantly exceed the list of VED by the number of the included medicines by all ATC groups excluding groups J and H in comparison with Italy, and groups J and V in comparison with England. At the same time, the list of VED significantly exceeds the list in England by the number of covered indications from the ATC L group. During the approbation, the method showed to be effective and can be used for further comparative studies of the national lists of medicines.Conclusion. Non-uniform lists of medicines by ATC-codes show that each country has priority areas in their healthcare systems. The list of VED can be shorter by the absolute number of the included medicines in England and Italy but it can exceed them by the coverage of indications due to peculiarities of the procedure of the list formation (reimbursement of medicines by all the registered indications). The results of the study with the proposed method can serve for the optimization of the VED list and the analysis of therapeutic areas that are undercovered.
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- 2021
126. Удосконалена методика визначення можливостей з технічної розвідки пошкоджених зразків озброєння та військової техніки в ході ведення бойових дій
- Author
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Oleksandr Sampir
- Subjects
Engineering ,Engineering management ,Defense industry ,business.industry ,Exploratory research ,Production (economics) ,Modernization theory ,business ,Priority areas - Abstract
Відповідно до вимог реалізація основних напрямів розвитку озброєння та військової (спеціальної) техніки на довгостроковий період повинна здійснюватися відповідно до визначених потреб та фінансово-економічних можливостей держави шляхом максимального використання досягнень вітчизняної науки та техніки; розвитку технологічних можливостей оборонно-промислового комплексу насамперед у сфері базових і критичних технологій за рахунок реалізації середньострокових державних та інших програм і спрямовується на підготовку виробництва для забезпечення виготовлення нового, модернізацію наявного озброєння та військової (спеціальної) техніки на високому рівні та в необхідній кількості. Поступовий розвиток озброєння та військової (спеціальної) техніки і формування наукового, технологічного та технічного потенціалу за відповідним напрямом здійснюється у результаті реалізації пріоритетних напрямів розвитку озброєння та військової (спеціальної) техніки шляхом проведення фундаментальних та пошукових досліджень для забезпечення потреб безпеки і оборони. З метою максимального використання здобутків оборонно-промислового комплексу України для потреб Збройних Сил в статті пропонуються шляхи удосконалення пересувних засобів для ведення технічної розвідки пошкоджених зразків озброєння та військової техніки в ході ведення бойових дій.
- Published
- 2021
127. Identification of Priority Areas of Improvement for Small Passenger Car Segment in Indian Market
- Author
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Bhargab Maitra and Reema Bera
- Subjects
Transport engineering ,Identification (information) ,business.industry ,Strategy and Management ,0502 economics and business ,05 social sciences ,Automotive industry ,050211 marketing ,Business and International Management ,Priority areas ,business ,050203 business & management ,Consumer satisfaction - Abstract
The present study reports an investigation on identification of priority areas of improvement for small passenger car segment in the Indian market. A total of 750 responses on importance and satisfaction rating of 16 attributes in a 7-point Likert-type ordinal rating scale were collected from small car owners in Delhi using a paper and pencil instrument. Revised importance-performance analysis with fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm was used to identify the priority areas of improvement in small passenger cars. The analysis technique effectively identified the factor structure of consumer satisfaction and derived various management schemes for small passenger cars by analysing consumers’ importance and satisfaction data. The priority areas of improvement were obtained by comparing the factor structure with the management scheme. The results indicate that safety, security and advanced vehicle technology options are the priority areas of improvement for small passenger cars. The study identified that the consumers are satisfied with the performance of purchase price, driving range, annual fuel cost, annual maintenance cost, top speed, seating comfort, appearance/style, emission, acceleration time and resale value in small cars, indicating the need to retain these attributes at their present levels to maintain competitive advantage. The engine power is identified under ‘possible overkill’, which indicates an opportunity for automobile manufacturers to possibly reduce the engine power to save some resources and reallocate the same for improvement of priority attributes. The findings of the present study provide valuable insight into the product specifications that the automobile manufacturers should focus on, to make new-generation small cars more attractive to Indian consumers.
- Published
- 2021
128. Research of the market of educational services when forming programs for strategic development of regional universities
- Author
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Ekaterina A. Mikheeva, Svetlana A. Morozova, Yulia S. Butyrina, and Lyubov A. Vybornova
- Subjects
Strategic planning ,Higher education ,business.industry ,Political science ,Economic sector ,Regional science ,Russian federation ,General Medicine ,Social sphere ,Priority areas ,business ,Educational systems ,Strategic development - Abstract
At a new stage in the development of the Russian higher education system, missions are being adjusted, strategies and programs for the development of universities are being developed in accordance with global trends in the development of higher education and the challenges facing the country and regions. Amodern university plays an important role in ensuring the socio-economic development of the country and the region, participates in the implementation of national, federal and regional projects, strategic development programs. The basis of university development programs is the provision of training for the priority areas of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, sectors of the economy and the social sphere, the development and implementation of breakthrough scientific research and development, new creative and social and humanitarian projects, as well as their implementation in the economy and social sphere of high technologies. Important aspects of strategic planning of the university are the analysis of trends and challenges in the higher education system in Russia, as well as the study of the educational services market in the region. The paper analyzes the structure and dynamics of development of the national and regional (using the example of the Samara Region) higher educational systems in Russia, identifies general patterns and tendencies, identifies the directions of development of regional universities.
- Published
- 2021
129. Analyzing and Classifying Risks Arising During Innovation Project Implementation in Aircraft Motor-Building
- Author
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T. B. Timofeeva and E. A. Ozdoeva
- Subjects
Risk analysis ,Project implementation ,Aviation ,business.industry ,risk analysis ,aircraft engine building ,classification feature ,Priority areas ,aircraft engine development ,Lead (geology) ,Economics as a science ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Range (aeronautics) ,Production (economics) ,Position (finance) ,Business ,risk classification ,HB71-74 - Abstract
The current Strategy of Innovative Development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2020 and the Strategy of Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation determine the goals, priorities and objectives of the state innovation policy and scientific and technological development of the country. A significant role is given to areas that allow us to obtain scientific and technical results that are the basis for increasing the innovative level of production and consolidating the country's position in the foreign market. Among the priority areas is the aviation industry, namely the sector of aircraft engine construction. The creation of aircraft engines is currently one of the most science-intensive and high-tech tasks of the domestic aircraft industry. However, the analysis of the current state of implementation of programms in this area shows that the problems of their functioning and development are not always solved taking into account a wide range of emerging risks, the negative impact of which can lead to significant financial losses. To develop effective methods for assessing and minimizing risks, it is necessary to first analyze and classify them. In the article, based on the analysis, a system of classification of risks arising during development aircraft engines. The results obtained will allow us to give a preliminary qualitative assessment of the negative events that occur at various stages of the development of aircraft engines.
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- 2021
130. Innovation and changes in education management
- Author
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Shyngys Uldakhan, Nazira Myrzaly, Albina Beikitova, and Kulyash Kaimuldinova
- Subjects
Knowledge management ,Work (electrical) ,business.industry ,Process (engineering) ,Relevance (information retrieval) ,Effective management ,Organizational structure ,Organizational unit ,business ,Priority areas ,Modernization theory - Abstract
This article examines the relevance of modernization of today`s education, in particular, the reform of activities in the management of educational organizations. Modernization of management of educational organizations involves the introduction of innovative approaches in the management of educational organizations. It was revealed that one of the priority areas that characterize the activities of modern educational institutions is the transformation of its management cycle. As one of the effective management methods, in contrast to the existing traditional vertical command-administrative system, is considered a horizontal-cyclical organizational structure (HCOS). This transformation has aimed to the implementation of decentralized coordination of the actions of the relevant organizational units (the formed departments) in the process of performing common tasks. The presented work will investigate the implementation of HCOS on the example of the Institute of Natural sciences and geography of the Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University.
- Published
- 2021
131. Overlap of Ecological Niche Breadth of Euglossa cordata and Eulaema nigrita (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini) Accessed by Pollen Loads and Species Distribution Modeling
- Author
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Elder Assis Miranda, Irailde do Nascimento Lima, Marco Antonio Del Lama, Margarita M. López-Uribe, Breno Magalhães Freitas, Cintia Akemi Oi, and Cláudia Inês da Silva
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,CONSERVATION ,Species distribution ,DIVERSITY ,Hymenoptera ,medicine.disease_cause ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Euglossine bees ,PRIORITY AREAS ,FORESTS ,Euglossa cordata ,Pollinator ,Pollen ,medicine ,Animals ,STINGLESS BEES ,FLORAL RESOURCES ,Ecosystem ,Ecological niche ,Science & Technology ,Apidae ,biology ,Ecology ,urban landscape ,Biodiversity ,Bees ,biology.organism_classification ,Euglossini ,trophic niche ,CLIMATE ,010602 entomology ,ORCHID BEES APIDAE ,Insect Science ,POLLINATION ,species distribution ,BIODIVERSITY ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Entomology ,Brazil - Abstract
Urban areas can serve as biodiversity refuges for pollinators because of the high diversity of available floral and nesting resources. However, it remains unclear what plant species commonly used for urban landscaping provide floral resources that pollinators actively use. Here, we integrate data from the pollen and species distribution models of two abundant euglossine bees-the large-bodied Eulaema nigrita (Lepeletier, 1841) and the small-bodied Euglossa cordata (Linnaeus, 1758)-in urban areas to investigate their overlap in diet breadth and distribution. We hypothesized that because bees with larger body sizes tend to have larger foraging areas, large-bodied bees would have a wider diet breath than small-bodied bees. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found that Eg. cordata has a wider diet breadth than El. nigrita with the former species showing higher diversity of pollen types collected (per pollen load and on average across pollen loads). Pollen grains from Solanum paniculatum and Tradescantia zebrina represented 63% of the diet of Eg. cordata, whereas pollen from S. paniculatum and Psidium guajava represented 87% of the diet of El. nigrita. After overlaying the distribution of both bee species and the three most important pollen resources, the distribution models revealed that these three plant species can co-occur with both euglossine bees throughout a large portion of eastern Brazil near the coast. Thus, we conclude S. paniculatum, T. zebrina, and P. guajava should be considered key plants for the maintenance of these two urban euglossine bee species. The results of this study provide important information for urban landscaping programs that aim to protect and preserve pollinators. ispartof: NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY vol:50 issue:2 pages:197-207 ispartof: location:Netherlands status: published
- Published
- 2021
132. Priority Areas for Developing Green Infrastructure in Semi-arid Cities: A Case Study of Tehran
- Author
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Mohammad Taghi Razavian, Shahriar Khaledi, and Farimah Sadat Jamali
- Subjects
Sustainable development ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Climate change ,010501 environmental sciences ,Priority areas ,01 natural sciences ,Arid ,Urban Studies ,Geography ,Greenhouse gas ,Resilience (network) ,Green infrastructure ,Environmental planning ,Neighbourhood (mathematics) ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
Urban green infrastructure (GI) approach supports building resilience, mitigating greenhouse gases emissions and adapting to the impacts of climate change. However, the development and maintenance of GI in semi-arid cities can be hindered by limitations such as available water resources. In this article, we study priority areas for GI development schemes at the neighbourhood scale through a seasonal vulnerability framework with the case study of two urban districts in the semi-arid city of Tehran, Iran. Heat mitigation and stormwater runoff control are considered as the main objectives of GI development. The results show that priority areas have high levels of land surface temperature, impervious surfaces and population density, with a low proportion of vegetation land cover. The necessary GI services vary in different local climate zones (LCZ) during the year. Although heat mitigation is required in both compact and open LCZs, the runoff control service of GI is also needed for neighbourhoods with compact midrise settings. To promote sustainability at the neighbourhood scale, the findings of the study can be used for initiating nature-based solutions and GI development projects.
- Published
- 2021
133. Comprehensive Forecast of Demand for Inter-regional Rail Freight Transport
- Author
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E. S. Uzyakova, R. M. Uzyakov, N. N. Sapova, and A. A. Shirov
- Subjects
Higher education ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Rail freight transport ,General Social Sciences ,Subsidy ,Priority areas ,Natural resource ,General Business, Management and Accounting ,State (polity) ,Basic research ,Political science ,Regional science ,Christian ministry ,business ,General Economics, Econometrics and Finance ,media_common ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
A forecasting system for calculating the demand for inter-regional rail freight transport is necessary for assessing the growth and development opportunities of transport infrastructure, connectivity of regions and spatial development. We examine the regional economy and interregional relations based on the existing system of rail freight transport. The statistics of the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), international statistical agencies and the data of JSC Russian Railways served as raw data. The research methodology includes input-output methods and models, in particular, a static input-output model, as well as methods of correlation and regression analysis. We calculated projected rail freight traffic for two macroeconomic development scenarios. A better alternative (target scenario) of economic development, demonstrating an average annual economic growth rate of 102.2 % for the period 2015–2035, would lead to a 16.2 % increase in the rail freight traffic by 2035 compared to the baseline scenario. The second scenario is based on the hypothesis of economic stagnation at the level of 1%. Such an increase is achieved by domestic transport, in which the share of construction freight for approximately 30.9 % of total traffic by 2035, and export transport, where the share of energy freight is 44.1 % of the total. An increase in shipment in total rail freight transport will be provided by enterprises of the Central, Northwestern, Volga and Siberian Federal Districts. The proposed tools allow sub- stantiating the strategic development of the railway system, assessing the cooperation between the economy and rail transport. The results can be used for analytical and predictive support of the strategic development of the railway system in the Russian Federation. The future research will focus on expanding the set of factors for considering the regional characteristics of economic development, a more meaningful assessment of the connectivity of regions, not only in the system of rail freight transport.
- Published
- 2021
134. Caregiving Across Cultures: Priority Areas for Research, Policy, and Practice to Support Family Caregivers of Older Asian Immigrants
- Author
-
Simona Kwon, Stella S. Yi, Sasha Zhou, and Minakshi Raj
- Subjects
Male ,Gerontology ,Health Services Needs and Demand ,Asia ,Health Priorities ,Health Services for the Aged ,Health Policy ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Immigration ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Emigrants and Immigrants ,Middle Aged ,Priority areas ,Culturally Competent Care ,United States ,Support family ,Racism ,Caregivers ,Research policy ,Humans ,Female ,Psychology ,Association (psychology) ,Aged ,media_common - Published
- 2021
135. Priority areas of scientific and technical development of the domestic tractor industry
- Author
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Vim, Aleksey S. Dorokhov, A. Yu. Izmailov, Yu.F. Lachuga, Ya. P. Lobachevsky, and V. A Samsonov
- Subjects
Tractor ,business.product_category ,business ,Priority areas ,Environmental planning - Abstract
It is shown that the level of provision with tractors and energy supply of agricultural production in Russia is significantly lower than those in developed countries. It was found that the current annual level of purchase of tractors does not allow compensating for their disposal. Domestic production of tractors is significantly inferior to their import and the number of tractors to be assembled of tractor sets delivered from foreign countries on the territory of the Russian Federation. The theory of tractors with second-generation internal combustion engines is proposed, which makes it possible to create energy-intensive tractors with higher efficiency indicators.
- Published
- 2021
136. Оценка региональной обеспеченности услугами некредитных финансовых организаций
- Subjects
Finance ,Economic space ,State (polity) ,business.industry ,Capital (economics) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Russian federation ,Business ,Priority areas ,Financial services ,Economic potential ,Financial sector ,media_common - Abstract
Purpose: the article presents a methodological approach to leveling the levels of spatial development of regions through additional concentration of efforts on the development of the financial sector. Discussion: the regional segment of the Russian financial sector is localized in the economic space of the region and, accordingly, depends, first of all, on the economic potential of the region, the volume of financial resources, the state of the financial infrastructure, available sources of financing and capital. Results: to assess the institutional environment of the regions of the Russian Federation, a matrix was built for positioning the regions according to the degree of provision of financial services and the quantitative values of the levels (oversaturation, sufficient, low and critical) were substantiated, which made it possible to form a map of the institutional provision of the regions of the Russian Federation with services of non-credit institutions. financial organizations, which is the basis for the formation of priority areas for attracting and distributing financial resources at the meso-institutional level.
- Published
- 2021
137. Opportunities and challenges of entomopathogenic nematodes as biocontrol agents in their tripartite interactions
- Author
-
Tarique Hassan Askary and Mahfouz M. M. Abd-Elgawad
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Integrated pest management ,030106 microbiology ,Biological pest control ,Xenorhabdus ,Plant Science ,lcsh:Agriculture ,03 medical and health sciences ,Spatial distribution ,Sampling ,Marketing ,Ecology ,biology ,business.industry ,Entomopathogenic nematodes ,lcsh:S ,Biocontrol ,Heterorhabditis ,biology.organism_classification ,Priority areas ,Pathogenicity ,Biotechnology ,Biopesticide ,030104 developmental biology ,Insect Science ,business ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Photorhabdus - Abstract
Background The complex including entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis and their mutualistic partner, i.e., Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacteria, respectively possesses many attributes of ideal biological control agents against numerous insect pests as a third partner. Despite authenic opportunities for their practical use as biocontrol agents globally, they are challenged by major impediments especially their cost and reliability. Main body This review article presents major attributes of EPNs to familiarize growers and stakeholders with their careful application. As relatively high EPN costs and frequently low efficacy are still hindering them from reaching broader biopesticide markets, this is to review the latest findings on EPN strain/species enhancement, improvement of production, formulation and application technology, and achieving biological control of insects from the standpoint of facing these challenges. The conditions and practices that affected the use of EPNs for integrated pest management (IPM) are identified. Besides, efforts have been made to address such practices in various ways that grasp their effective approaches, identify research priority areas, and allow refined techniques. Additionally, sampling factors responsible for obtaining more EPN isolates with differential pathogenicity and better adaptation to control specific pest(s) are discussed. Conclusion Specific improvements of EPN production, formulation, and application technology are reviewed which may help in their broader use. Other diverse factors that optimize EPNs to constitute a cost-effective, value-added approach to IPM are also demonstrated.
- Published
- 2021
138. Defining priority areas for blue whale conservation and investigating overlap with vessel traffic in Chilean Patagonia, using a fast-fitting movement model
- Author
-
Juan M. Morales, Devin S. Johnson, Daniel M. Palacios, Rodrigo Hucke-Gaete, Francisco A. Viddi, Alexandre N. Zerbini, Bruce R. Mate, and Luis Bedriñana-Romano
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Conservation of Natural Resources ,Science ,Species distribution ,Endangered species ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,Main vessel ,biology.animal ,Animals ,Chile ,Ecosystem ,Ships ,Ecological modelling ,Balaenoptera musculus ,Marine biology ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Ecology ,Whale ,Conservation biology ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Endangered Species ,Models, Theoretical ,biology.organism_classification ,Priority areas ,Fishery ,Habitat ,Environmental science ,Balaenoptera ,Medicine ,Relative probability - Abstract
Defining priority areas and risk evaluation is of utmost relevance for endangered species` conservation. For the blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus), we aim to assess environmental habitat selection drivers, priority areas for conservation and overlap with vessel traffic off northern Chilean Patagonia (NCP). For this, we implemented a single-step continuous-time correlated-random-walk model which accommodates observational error and movement parameters variation in relation to oceanographic variables. Spatially explicit predictions of whales’ behavioral responses were combined with density predictions from previous species distribution models (SDM) and vessel tracking data to estimate the relative probability of vessels encountering whales and identifying areas where interaction is likely to occur. These estimations were conducted independently for the aquaculture, transport, artisanal fishery, and industrial fishery fleets operating in NCP. Blue whale movement patterns strongly agreed with SDM results, reinforcing our knowledge regarding oceanographic habitat selection drivers. By combining movement and density modeling approaches we provide a stronger support for purported priority areas for blue whale conservation and how they overlap with the main vessel traffic corridor in the NCP. The aquaculture fleet was one order of magnitude larger than any other fleet, indicating it could play a decisive role in modulating potential negative vessel-whale interactions within NCP.
- Published
- 2021
139. Аналіз можливих способів підвищення точності реактивних снарядів середнього калібру шляхом комплектування їх системою керування
- Author
-
Oleg Stepanenko, Mykola Dorofeev, and Andriy Vakal
- Subjects
Rocket (weapon) ,високоточні боєприпаси ,Computer science ,реактивна система залпового вогню ,lcsh:Social insurance. Social security. Pension ,Survivability ,Armed conflict ,Adversary ,Priority areas ,автономний блок керування ,Ammunition ,волоконний оптичний гіроскоп ,Aeronautics ,система керування ,lcsh:HD7088-7252 - Abstract
The article analyzes the known design solutions used to equip unguided aircraft missiles and unguided rockets with control systems in order to improve their accuracy. Possible ways of manning jet ammunition for medium-caliber MLRS with a control system are considered and a constructive solution for its improvement is proposed. The continuation of the escalation of the armed conflict in the east of Ukraine requires the leadership of our state and the Armed Forces of Ukraine to constantly determine further priority areas for increasing the combat capability of military units (subdivisions) of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Medium-caliber multiple launch rocket systems (MLRS) have repeatedly proved their effectiveness in the conduct of hostilities in various armed conflicts around the world and continue to be one of the main weapons used in the JFO zone. In a hybrid war, subunits armed with medium-caliber MLRS, when targets located in populated areas are hit, cannot compensate for the lack of firing accuracy by increasing the amount of ammunition spent. Effective execution of fire missions under these conditions can be achieved by significantly increasing the accuracy of medium-caliber MLRS ammunition. Analysis of the positive experience of the militarily leading countries of the world in the creation of high-precision ammunition (HPA) can be used in the further development of HPA for medium-caliber MLRS. The use of HPA in conjunction with modernized medium-caliber MLRS will ensure the minimum preparation time for firing and significantly reduce the time they spend in a firing position, which means they will increase their survivability and make the enemy's counter-battery fight less effective.
- Published
- 2021
140. Spatiotemporal Variability of Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Based on Sociodemographic Heterogeneity. The Case of Northeastern Iran, 2011–2016
- Author
-
Mohammad Tabasi and Ali Asghar Alesheikh
- Subjects
Adult ,Employment ,Male ,Rural Population ,0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Adolescent ,030106 microbiology ,Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous ,Iran ,Disease Outbreaks ,Late summer ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Spatio-Temporal Analysis ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Zoonoses ,Prevalence ,Animals ,Cluster Analysis ,Humans ,Area of residence ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,Spatial Analysis ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Outbreak ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Priority areas ,Infectious Diseases ,Geography ,Child, Preschool ,Spatial Autocorrelations ,Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis ,Female ,Seasons ,Demography - Abstract
Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (ZCL) is one of the most prevalent zoonoses in Iran, especially in central and northeastern Iran. This research aimed to examine whether there were spatiotemporal clusters of ZCL cases, and if so, whether there were differences in clustering according to age, sex, area of residence, and occupation. Spatial analysis, including global and local spatial autocorrelations, inverse distance weighting, and space-time scan statistics, were used to determine potential clusters in the villages of Golestan from 2011-2016. Several spatially significant (p < 0.05) clusters were observed in the north and northeastern regions, and most persisted until the last year of the study period. Children (0-10 years) living in rural settings were more likely to have an infection than those living in other areas. Although the disease was centered in the northern regions, housekeepers, females, and patients aged 21-30 and 41-50 years were found to be the high-risk groups in the southern areas. The seasonal pattern indicated that the outbreak mainly began in late summer, peaked in October, and diminished in December. By exploring spatiotemporal variations of ZCL by sociodemographic information, this study was able to identify priority areas for decision-makers in healthcare and resource allocation.
- Published
- 2021
141. From the First Satellite to Human Space Flights: the Space Project in the System of the Khrushchev Economy (Second Half of the 1950s – First Half of the 1960s)
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Archeology ,History ,Work (electrical) ,Political science ,Economic history ,Space program ,Space industry ,Space (commercial competition) ,Speculation ,Priority areas ,Soviet science - Abstract
The development of the space industry became one of the priority areas of Soviet science and engineering in the second half of the 20th century. At the same time, the question of the cost of the Soviet space program remains open. The lack of direct data led to various kinds of speculation. The article analyzes the approximate cost of the Soviet space project in the first decade of its existence based on the declassified documents from the former archive of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU. The article shows from which budget items the Soviet space program was financed. The author demonstrates that the financing of the Soviet space program was organized not as an annual budget expenditure, but as expenses for the implementation of individual programs. Every year, the budget of the USSR was adjusted depending on the volume of work performed. In addition to direct financing, the necessary material and technical resources were allocated for the space projects. An approximate calculation shows that the USSR spent about 20.19 billion rubles in old prices in 1955–1960 and 98.8 million rubles in new prices in 1961–1964. In total, during in the first space decade, the USSR spent about 2 billion rubles in new prices and almost 20 billion rubles in old ones. Comparing with other items of expenditure during the same years, the author shows that the total expenditure on Soviet space program did not exceed 0.30%.
- Published
- 2021
142. DEVELOPMENT OF A RISK-BASED APPROACH FOR SELECTING PRIORITY AREAS FOR REDUCING OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES IN SUEK-KUZBASS JSC'
- Author
-
L Y Samarov, Khomyakov D.O, E A Prokhorova, and S G Gendler
- Subjects
Risk analysis (engineering) ,Risk-based testing ,Business ,Priority areas - Abstract
Indicators of industrial injuries in the Russian coal industry remain unacceptably high. Solutions to this problem should be sought in the way of accident prevention, which can be achieved through operational risk management of injuries, implemented by analyzing the state of labor protection for this factor, followed by determining the causes that lead to injuries. On the example of SUEK-Kuzbass JSC, the risks of light, severe, fatal and general injuries were calculated. Based on the individual regression coefficients of the obtained correlations of injury risks, the mines were ranked according to the level of industrial injuries. For a more detailed assessment of the state of labor protection, a matrix of the causes of accidents and their severity is proposed, which displays a qualitative description of the situation at the enterprise.
- Published
- 2021
143. Legislative regulation of priority areas of innovation activity in Ukraine
- Author
-
Yurii Heorhiievskyi
- Subjects
Economic policy ,Legislature ,Business ,Priority areas - Published
- 2021
144. PRIORITY AREAS OF FEED PRODUCTION AND ITS USE IN ANIMAL HUSBANDRY OF THE FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT
- Author
-
E.A. Volkova, G.S. Bondareva, and N.S. Bondarev
- Subjects
Environmental Engineering ,Geography ,Production (economics) ,Animal husbandry ,Priority areas ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Agricultural economics - Published
- 2021
145. ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AS ONE OF THE PRIORITY AREAS OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN CANADIAN PRIMARY SCHOOLS
- Author
-
A. O. Shturba
- Subjects
Fuel Technology ,Primary (chemistry) ,Environmental education ,Process (engineering) ,business.industry ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Economic Geology ,General Medicine ,Business ,Priority areas ,Environmental planning - Published
- 2021
146. Priority areas of scientific research in the field of environmental expertise
- Author
-
I. N. Zhochkina
- Subjects
Engineering ,business.industry ,Field (Bourdieu) ,Priority areas ,business ,Environmental planning - Published
- 2021
147. Priority areas of development energy of the Chechen Republic
- Author
-
S. Masaev, I. Kerimov, and M. Debiev
- Subjects
Political science ,Energy (esotericism) ,language ,Chechen ,Priority areas ,Environmental planning ,language.human_language - Published
- 2021
148. MODERN ASSESSMENT OF THE OIL AND GAS POTENTIAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF KALMYKIA AND THE ADJACENT CASPIAN SEA AREA BASED ON THE LATEST GEOLOGICAL AND GEOPHYSICAL DATA WITH JUSTIFICATION FOR FURTHER PRIORITY AREAS OF EXPLORATION
- Author
-
V.A. Gridin, Yu.V. Kuranov, and V.F. Sharafutdinov
- Subjects
business.industry ,Earth science ,Fossil fuel ,business ,Priority areas ,The Republic ,Geology - Published
- 2021
149. Modeling of Socio-Economic Factors and Trends in the Context of New Pathological Challenges and Digitalization Processes (Based on the Example of the Republic of Uzbekistan)
- Author
-
N. Asadullina and K. Pavlov
- Subjects
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Action (philosophy) ,Political science ,Social nature ,Social change ,Development economics ,language ,Context (language use) ,Priority areas ,The Republic ,Uzbek ,language.human_language - Abstract
In the context of the increased level of uncertainty and variability of the organizational and economic environment, the importance and influence of various kinds of pathologies of a social nature (for example, the COVID-19 pandemic, various color revolutions, etc.), which have significant negative consequences for the functioning of society and its most important structures, has increased. The use of the latest achievements of STP, such as comprehensive digitalization and modeling of the most important factors and trends in social development, can counteract the impact of modern negative challenges. The article analyzes and models some of the most important parameters of the functioning of the Uzbek economy, the results of which can be used in the development of a strategy for action in priority areas of development of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Thus, as a result of the conducted research, it became obvious that the factors of social development and the socio-economic trends that arise as a result of their action can be divided into two large groups: the first should include factors and trends of a negative nature associated with the action of various social pathologies; the second group, on the contrary, can include positive factors and trends, primarily related to the progressive influence of STP, including such an important modern direction as the all-round digitalization of society.
- Published
- 2021
150. Thermal Optimization Potentials for NRU MPEI Facilities
- Author
-
Kira D. Sergeeva, Nru Mpei, Roman R. Perepelitsa, and Evgeniy G. Gasho
- Subjects
Thermal optimization ,business.industry ,Energy resources ,Energy performance ,Environmental science ,Power engineering ,Electricity ,Priority areas ,business ,Civil engineering ,Field (computer science) ,Efficient energy use - Abstract
A set of activities on surveying the energy performance of eight large facilities of the National Research University Moscow Power Engineering Institute (NRU MPEI) was accomplished. In view of quite significant amounts of electricity and heat consumed by the NRU MPEI, a number of objectives were set forth on evaluating the NRU MPEI facilities’ general energy efficiency, analyzing the climatic characteristics of the facilities location places, revealing inefficient use of energy resources, and determining the priority areas for achieving a more efficient use of them. The current situation existing at each facility was examined, the thermal performance characteristics of the buildings were analyzed in general, the thermal parameters of enclosing structures were calculated, and energy balances were drawn up. With the aid of infrared imaging, losses were evaluated, and the places of maximum heat leaks in the cold season of a year were identified. The analytical survey was supplemented with field measurements of the necessary parameters of the buildings and heat carriers. An important feature of the study was that it involved evaluating the climatic characteristics of the facilities location places. Thus, a change in the design temperature and a considerable variation in humidity influence the condition of the structure. The number of temperature transitions through the zero degree point tends to grow. The alterations of frost to rain has an adverse effect on the condition of facilities. The analysis results have shown that the climatic characteristics that existed at the time the major part of the MPEI buildings were constructed have changed significantly over time. In the course of the study, a number of measures were developed and suggested that take into account the differences and characteristics of each building, as well as the state of their engineering systems. Since the engineering equipment items of the structures are in a different state, the energy saving measures for each of them are also different. Application of the comprehensive approach helps match the obtained data with the readings of water and heat metering instruments, and with the infrared images of enclosing structures. The selected technical measures are necessarily complemented by a set of measures to economically and morally stimulate the saving of all types of energy resources.
- Published
- 2021
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