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Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), one of the most widely consumed vegetables, presents high perishability during storage and marketing if it is not handled and stored properly. Currently, there is an increased interest of the food industry to reduce waste (due to quality losses) and to utilize natural products for the preservation of fresh commodities. This study's goal was to evaluate the effects of lavender (Lav) and rosemary (Ros) essential oils (EOs), their mixture (Lav + Ros, 1:1 v/v) and their main compound (eucalyptol) via vapor phase on cucumber's postharvest quality. The outcomes of this study demonstrated that 200 μL/L of Lav and Ros EOs increased the respiration rate of cucumbers after 10 days of storage at 11 °C, while 100 μL/L of the EOs mixture and Eucalyptol (100 and 200 μL/L) had no effect on respiration, on the same day. The application of Eucalyptol (100 and 200 μL/L) resulted in less acceptable fruits (less pleasant aroma and unpleasant taste). A decrease in fruit firmness was found in cucumbers exposed to Lav 200 μL/L and Ros 100 μL/L. Interestingly, Eucalyptol was found to accelerate the fruit ripening index after five days of storage, and to decrease organoleptic properties of the fruit (i.e., aroma, taste) on the fifth day of storage. The fruit revealed increased oxidative stress (i.e., increased lipid peroxidation), especially at a high concentration (200 μL/L) of Eucalyptol after 10 days. This has resulted in the activation of other non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms such as the increase in fruit ascorbic acid content. Notably, no effects on fruit weight loss, total soluble solids and color were observed with the examined treatments. Overall, this study suggests that the investigated products (EOs and their main compound) have a putative role in postharvest storage for the preservation of cucumbers. However, further investigation is needed for the determination of the optimum application conditions (i.e., concentration, time and method of application) on cucumbers and other fresh produce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flavonoids are antioxidant phytochemicals that confer a beneficial effect on human health. We have previously developed and characterized eight lettuce (Latuca sativa L.) lines that accumulated high levels of diverse flavonoids and their precursors in controlled environment conditions. Three Rutgers Scarlet lettuce (RSL) lines selected in tissue culture for deep-red color (RSL-NAR, RSL-NBR, RSL-NFR) accumulate anthocyanins and quercetin, three lines identified in a chemically mutagenized red lettuce population accumulate kaempferol (KfoA and KfoB) or naringenin chalcone (Nco), and two lines that were spontaneous green mutants derived from the red line RSL-NAR (GSL, GSL-DG) accumulate quercetin. These eight lines were field-grown in the Salinas Valley of California for four years together with seven control accessions of varying colors (light green, dark green, red, and dark red). At market maturity, a substantial variation in plant composition was observed, but the three RSL lines consistently accumulated high levels of cyanidin, GSL and GSL-DG accumulated the highest levels of quercetin, KfoA and KfoB accumulated kaempferol, and Nco amassed naringenin chalcone, confirming that these mutant lines produce high levels of beneficial phytochemicals under field conditions. Mutant lines and control accessions were also assessed for their biomass production (plant weight, height, and width), overall content of pigments (leaf chlorophyll and anthocyanins), resistance to diseases (downy mildew, lettuce drop, and Impatiens necrotic spot virus), postharvest quality of processed tissue (deterioration and enzymatic discoloration), and composition of 23 mineral elements. All but one mutant line had a fresh plant weight at harvest comparable to commercial leaf cultivars; only Nco plants were significantly (p < 0.05) smaller. Therefore, except for Nco, the new, flavonoid hyperaccumulating lines can be considered for field cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mango is a climacteric fruit that requires efficient postharvest technologies to maintain quality during storage and transportation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of biodegradable packaging from chitosan (CS) incorporated with graphene oxide (GO) on the quality, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of cold-stored 'Tommy Atkins' mangoes. Mangoes harvested at physiological maturity were stored without packaging or in CS, CS-GO or non-biodegradable polyethylene (PE) packaging at 12.0 °C and 89% relative humidity for 42 days. The results show that GO improved the water barrier and mechanical properties of CS packaging. All packaging delayed fruit ripening by reducing the respiration rate, mass loss, softening and changes in color, soluble solids, titratable acidity and beta-carotene content, also preserving the mangoes' visual appearance. In addition, all packaging maintained higher ascorbic acid, yellow flavonoid, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity levels in the fruit, compared to non-packed ones. Chitosan packaging is a promising, eco-friendly alternative for the preservation of quality, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of cold-stored 'Tommy Atkins' mangoes, extending their postharvest life by at least 14 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a valuable economic crop that is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions but has a short storage and shelf life. Exploring effective strategies to improve the postharvest quality of papaya is important. This study explored the effect of humidity-triggered controlled-release 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) sheets on the postharvest quality of papaya fruit. 'Rainbow' papayas underwent cold storage at 10 ± 0.5 °C, RH 85% ± 2% for 14 days, and then were transferred to 20 ± 0.5 °C, RH 85% ± 2% for 10 days to simulate shelf life. The 1-MCP sheets were cut into different sizes and placed in storage containers in advance to create corresponding concentrations at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 ppm. Results showed that 1-MCP treatment inhibited fruit softening, and reduced weight loss and peel color deterioration without causing any physiological disorders. The 1.0–2.0 ppm 1-MCP-treated fruit received the highest score for papaya flavor and sweetness respectively and the lowest score for off-flavor. The humidity-triggered controlled-release 1-MCP sheets are effective and convenient, and they can serve as an important tool for regulating postharvest papaya ripening with economic benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Allium mongolicum Regel (A. mongolicum) is a healthy edible plant but highly perishable with a short shelf life of 1–2 d. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) could inhibit the postharvest senescence and decay of the vegetables. Thus, the aim of this study was to apply MAP with different gas permeabilities to the storage of A. mongolicum and evaluate its effects on maintaining microbial communities and the postharvest quality of A. mongolicum. The results showed that polypropylene/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PP/PBAT, abbreviated as PAT) MAP was suitable for the storage of A. mongolicum by establishing an optimal atmosphere of 0.5–0.6% O2 and 6.2–7.1% CO2 in the bag. It could delay the postharvest senescence of A. mongolicum and maintain its quality by slowing down its respiration rate and weight loss, reducing cell membrane permeability and lipid peroxidation, maintaining the cell wall, and reducing infection and the growth of microorganisms. However, A. mongolicum in HPT was more perishable than that in PAT during storage. Pseudomonas was found to be the main spoilage bacteria, and they could also be effectively inhibited by PAT-MAP. The next-generation sequencing results also showed the growth of Escherichia-Shigella, Clostridium sensu stricto 1, Streptococcus, Aureobasidium, Didymella, and Fusarium, responsible for A. mongolicum decay or human disease, was well inhibited by PAT-MAP. The results suggested that PAT-MAP could be used to maintain microbial diversity and the postharvest quality of A. mongolicum under cold storage conditions. It provided a feasible solution for the preservation, food quality, and safety control of A. mongolicum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of nanocopper solutions as a fungicide in the control of Fusarium sp. on pineapples for export in Ecuador. Inhibitory solutions were obtained by electrochemical ionisation. Fusarium sp. was isolated from pineapple epicarp samples and the inhibition ring caused by nanocopper solutions at 3, 6 and 9 ppm was measured in Petri dishes. Pineapples were also subjected to disinfection by immersion in these solutions for 3, 6 and 9 min, following an experimental design of 32, with triplicates and controls with distilled water. In this sense, the number of CFU/mL of the fungus on the surface of the fruit was evaluated the day of immersion (0 days) and 5 days after immersion. The results show that the growth of the inhibition ring of Fusarium sp. on PDA agar was reduced 53% when a solution of copper nanoparticles at a concentration of 9 ppm was used, compared to the control treatment. Regarding the inhibition of Fusarium sp. on the surface of disinfected pineapples by immersion, the best treatments in day 0 of immersion were disinfection for 9 min in the nanocopper solution with concentrations of 6 and 9 ppm. For the disinfection of the pineapples after 5 days of immersion, four statistically viable options were established: disinfecting the pineapples for 9 min in nanocopper solutions at 6 or 9 ppm, or immersing the pineapples in 9 ppm nanocopper solution for 6 or 9 min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The cut flower industry is economically important across the world. Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii Bolus) is one of the most popular cut flowers in Iran and worldwide and the improvement of its postharvest life is very important. Stem bending during the early stage of vase life is a critical problem in many cultivars of this flower. In this research, silicon as an antioxidant compound was used at 500 and 1000 micromolar concentrations, and the effects on some oxidative characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activity, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and polyphenol oxidase activity in three colors (Rosalin, Stanza, and Apollo) of cut gerbera flower were investigated. Histological studies also were performed by hand sections and light microscopy. Silicon application prolonged the vase life in all three cultivars of gerbera. The lowest vase life (6 days) was measured in the control treatment and the highest vase life (17.33 days) was gained in Rosalin using 1000 µM silicon. Meanwhile, a significant increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes and PAL was detected, while polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and lipid peroxidation were significantly decreased. It seems that silicon improved the quality of gerbera cut flowers by scavenging free radical oxygen, preserving cell membrane integrity, decreasing PPO activity, and increasing the vascular and supporting tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the essential role of ethylene release in the long-distance transportation of climacteric fruits, like mangoes, is crucial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ethylene release and the postharvest ripening of mangoes. The research employed innovative ripening sachets to control the ripening process, specifically focusing on extending shelflife and enhancing quality. Dashehari mangoes exposed to ripening sachets releasing 100 ppm of ethylene exhibited improved quality attributes. The 6th day post-treatment recorded the highest total soluble solids (TSS) at 17.37 °B and the lowest acidity at 0.23%. Ascorbic acid content and firmness were measured at 22.50 mg 100 gm-1 and 2.63 kg cm-2, respectively. Polygalacturonase activity in mango pulp (11.80,08.56 U mL-1 min-1) and peel (34.00, 20.30 U mL-1 min-1) peaked on the 4th and 6th day, respectively. The peel colour L* value increased from 2nd to 6th day after treatment, whereas the a* and b* values increased from 2nd to 4th day and the a* and b* values gradually decreased on 6th day in all the treatments except T4. The study suggests that ripening sachets have the potential to effectively regulate mango ripening and preserve fruit quality for an extended period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of edible films (EFs) using renewable resources such as gelatin and native corn starch has garnered significant interest due to their potential to enhance food preservation and safety. Combining extrusion with the casting method enhances mechanical and barrier properties by modifying starch and gelatin structures through heat, pressure, and shear. This study aimed to develop, characterize, and optimize the functional properties EFs produced from an extruded formulation of corn starch, gelatin, and glycerol using the casting method. Furthermore, it evaluated the impact of these optimized EFs as coatings on the quality characteristics of the "Kent" mango cultivar. The study factors were gelatin content (GC, 0–10%) and extrusion temperature (ET, 80–120°C). The EFs were characterized and optimized, determining the tensile strength (σ), elongation (ε), water vapor permeability (WVP), and Water Solubility (S), using the surface response methodology. Results showed GC significantly influenced mechanical and barrier properties (P < 0.05), with higher GC increasing σ, ε, WVP, and S. ET also affected mechanical properties (P < 0.05) but not barrier properties (P > 0.05). EFs exhibited σ of 3.14 MPa to 8.34 MPa, ε of 10.55–25.60%, WVP (5.59 × 10–12 to 6.82 × 10–11 g m Pa-1 s-1 m-2), and S from 66.29–80.50%. According to the optimization study, the EFs with the best mechanical and barrier properties were obtained using an ET of 80°C and GC of 2.93%. Applied as coatings on 'Kent' mango, these EFs significantly extended shelf life and preserved postharvest quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The biological products use as a disease control alternative has been studied to reduce the impacts to the environment, men and animals, showing satisfactory results in postharvest. This study aimed to evaluate the biological agents effect in the control of Colletotrichum spp. and on postharvest quality of yellow passion fruit. The treatments were Trichoderma asperellum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae species at concentrations of of 0,5; 1,0; 1,5; 2,0 (g. L-1); Mancozeb fungicide (Dithane® 2 g i.a. L-1 water) and control (sterile distilled water). The fruits were immersed for 2 min in each treatment and then were drought. Five replications of three fruits were used to anthracnose severity analysis and yellow passion fruit physical-chemical quality in. The fruit inoculation was made with the deposition of Colletotrichum spp. on the surface of the fruit previously treated using holes which were made with the aid of a flamed perforator. In the research was evaluated: pH, total soluble solids and titratable acidity. Biological treatments reduced the anthracnose severity in yellow passion fruit. Fruit Post-harvest quality was not influenced by the biological control application. It is a viable alternative to postharvest management of anthracnose on yellow passion fruit under the studied conditions.

IntroductionHorticultural plant breeding programs often demand large volumes of phenotypic data to capture visual variation in quality of harvested products. Increasing the throughput potential of phenomic pipelines enables breeders to consider data-hungry molecular breeding strategies such as genome-wide association studies and genomic selection.MethodsWe present an R-based web application called ShinyFruit for image-based phenotyping of size, shape, and color-related qualities in fruits and vegetables. Here, we have demonstrated one potential application for ShinyFruit by comparing its estimates of fruit length, width, and red drupelet reversion (RDR) with ImageJ and analogous manual phenotyping techniques in a population of blackberry cultivars and breeding selections from the University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture Fruit Breeding Program.ResultsShinyFruit results shared a strong positive correlation with manual measurements for blackberry length (r = 0.96) and ImageJ estimates of RDR (r = 0.96) and significant, albeit weaker, correlations with manual RDR estimation methods (r = 0.62 - 0.70). Neither phenotyping method detected genotypic differences in blackberry fruit width, suggesting that this trait is unlikely to be heritable in the population observed.DiscussionIt is likely that implementing a treatment to promote RDR expression in future studies might strengthen the documented correlation between phenotyping methods by maximizing genotypic variance. Even so, our analysis has suggested that ShinyFruit provides a viable, open-source solution to efficient phenotyping of size and color in blackberry fruit. The ability for users to adjust analysis settings should also extend its utility to a wide range of fruits and vegetables.

• Eurycolactone F significantly increased good fruit rate. • Growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was inhibited by eurycolactone F. • Eurycolactone F delayed the peak of ethylene release rate. • Eurycolactone F decreased water-soluble pectin content. • Eurycolactone F increased contents of antioxidant substances and sugars. Guava is a climacteric fruit that exhibits short shelf life. Therefore, this study compares the effects of spraying eurycolactone F (EF), stored at 25 ℃ (RT) and stored at 4 ℃ (LT) on shelf life and physiological changes in postharvest storage of guava fruit. Results showed the difference in good fruit rate, physiological weight loss, ethylene release rate, water-soluble pectin content, cellulose content, the activities of peroxidase (POD) and phenol oxidase (PPO), antioxidant substances (total phenols, total flavonoid, procyanidine and ascorbic acid) contents and sugars (total soluble sugar and sucrose) contents of guava fruit among RT, LT and EF treatments. EF had an obvious effect in inhibiting Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. All guava fruits in the RT treatment showed skin browning and rot on day 9 of storage. EF treatment induced the highest good fruit rate, the lowest physiological weight loss, water-soluble pectin content, POD activity, antioxidant substances (total phenols, total flavonoid, procyanidine and ascorbic acid) contents and sugars (total soluble sugar and sucrose) contents in guava fruits during storage. Moreover, EF treatment delayed the peak of the ethylene release rate and induced the lowest PPO activity. Our study suggested that eurycolactone F might be used as a new natural preservative for maintaining the fruit quality and extending the shelf life in postharvest storage of guava fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Senescence accompanying browning is the main factor that reduces the sensory and nutritional quality of cherries during storage. In the present study, we analysed the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) treatment with 0, 200, 400, and 600 μm on delaying the senescence and browning of cherries preserved at 4 °C for 30 days. Results suggested that 400 μm SNP treatment significantly enhanced the antioxidant capacity and maintained better fruit quality. Specifically, SNP treatment inhibited the activity of polyphenol oxidase, delayed the browning of cherry flesh and reduced soluble quinone content. Meanwhile, the peroxidase (POD), catalase and phenylalanine ammonia‐lyase (PAL) activities were enhanced by SNP treatments, while reactive oxygen species accumulation and membrane lipid peroxidation were alleviated. In addition, SNP treatment increased the accumulation of phenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins, which also enhanced the 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging capacity in cherries. Therefore, our results support SNP treatment to be a potential approach to delay flesh browning and maintain the sensory and nutritional qualities of cherries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the effect of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and gum Arabic (GA) edible coatings amended with 0.2% geraniol (GE) were evaluated for the control of brown rot, caused by Monilinia fructicola, on artificially inoculated plums (Prunus salicina Lindl., cv. Angeleno) stored for 5 weeks at 1 °C. Brown rot is the most important pre- and postharvest fungal disease of stone fruits, causing severe economic losses worldwide. Geraniol is an important constituent of many essential oils that can be obtained as a byproduct from different industrial procedures, such as those of the juice industry. Fruit postharvest quality was also evaluated after 5 and 8 weeks of storage at 1 °C, followed by 3 days at 7 °C plus 5 days at 20 °C, simulating packinghouse, transport, and retail shelf-life conditions, respectively. HPMC coatings containing 0.2% GE reduced the incidence and severity of brown rot by 37.5 and 64.8%, respectively, compared to uncoated fruit after 5 weeks of storage at 1 °C. HPMC-coated plums, with and without GE, showed the highest level of firmness, the lowest change in external peel color parameters (L*, a*, b*, C*, hue), and the lowest flesh bleeding compared to uncoated control and GA-coated samples throughout the entire storage period, which correlated with a higher gas barrier of these coatings without negatively affecting sensory quality. Furthermore, the HPMC-0.2% GE coating provided the highest gloss to coated plums, showing the potential of this coating as a safe and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional fungicides and waxes for brown rot control and quality maintenance of cold-stored plums. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Food Safety & Quality is the property of Journal of Food Safety & Quality Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The commercial and nutritional quality of chili peppers deteriorates rapidly after harvest. So far, little is known about the effect of temperature on postharvest chili pepper quality. This study elucidated the effects of two temperatures (20 °C and 30 °C) on chili peppers' postharvest firmness, flavor, and nutritional attributes. We found that compared to 20 °C, 30 °C escalated the decline in fruit firmness, capsaicin content, and dihydrocapsaicin content, while enhancing the increment in water loss and electrical conductivity, as well as total carotenoids and ascorbic acid content. The contents of most amino acids (AAs) decreased significantly during postharvest storage compared to their initial values, whether stored at 20 °C or 30 °C; however, 30 °C had a more substantial impact than 20 °C. Meanwhile, as for soluble protein and amino acid compositions, the effect of storage temperature was genotype-dependent, as reflected by differential changes in total AA contents, single AA contents, essential AA ratio, delicious AA ratio, etc., under the 20 °C or 30 °C treatments. In conclusion, our findings reveal the influence of temperature on pepper quality, showing that the storage temperature of 20 °C was better for maintaining chili quality than 30 °C from the perspective of overall commercial attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ethanol, hot water, and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) as alternatives to sulphur dioxide (SO2) on the quality maintenance of ready-to-eat ‘BRS Nubia’, ‘BRS Isis’, and ‘Italia’ table grapes during storage. The treatments were: [1] control (only detached berries); [2] SO2 (1.5 g Na2S2O5 kg−1 grape); [3] ethanol (solution of 30% for 5 min); [4] hot water (50°C for 10 min) and; [5] 1-MCP (2.0 μL L−1 for 24 h). Table grapes were stored in vented polyethylene clamshells, allocated in experimental chambers during 30 and 60 days of storage (0.5°C). 1-MCP treatment did not reduce the table grape senescence during storage. Hot water and ethanol immersions showed similar or superior results to SO2 in decay control until 30 days, but after 60 days of storage, only ethanol and SO2 controlled decay incidence. However, hot water and ethanol increased the cracking incidence in ‘BRS Isis’ grapes. The phenolic content did not change between storage periods in ‘Italia’ grapes, while it decreased in ‘BRS Nubia’ and ‘BRS Isis’. Hot water treatment, and especially ethanol, can be used as alternatives to SO2 treatment to extend the shelf-life of ready-to-eat table grapes stored for long periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Fresh in-hull pistachio fruits are very perishable and hence have a limited storage life, with marketers and customers wishing for a longer shelf life. The present research was performed to explore the combined effects of different packaging conditions (ambient atmospheric condition, and passive- and active-modified atmosphere packaging) as well as chitosan coating (0, 1, and 1.5%w/v) on postharvest quality of fresh in-hull pistachios stored at 5 °C and 85–90% relative humidity for 45 days. The efficacy of treatments in prolongation of pistachio fruit shelf life was evaluated by determining weight loss, kernel firmness, acid (AV) and peroxide values (PV), mold and yeast count, aflatoxin content, and hull color parameters (L*, a*, b*, C*, h°, and BI) at 0, 15, 30 and 45 days of storage. In addition, O2 and CO2 concentrations in MAP headspace were monitored. Results By applying high molecular weight chitosan coatings and MAP conditions, PV and AV values, microbial growth, aflatoxin B1 production, and weight loss values were inhibited, as well as kernel firmness reduction and hull color deterioration during storage were controlled. Active-MAP treatments in most cases performed better than passive-MAP treatments in this regard (P

The effect of low temperature storage on the postharvest quality and antioxidant capacity of yellow-fleshed peach (YFP) was investigated. The YFP fruits were pre-cooled for 12 h after harvesting, and grouped and stored at 0, 4 and 10 ℃ in refrigeration. The quality parameters and antioxidant enzyme activities were determined. The results showed that the decay rate and browning index of YFP stored at 0 ℃ were 0, which were significantly lower than those of fruit stored at 4 and 10 ℃ (P

The objective of this study was to identify the effects of 100 μM melatonin (MT), 1 μL/L 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), and their combination treatments on the postharvest characteristics, nutritional quality, and antioxidant capacity of ‘Youhou’ persimmons during cold storage at 0°C. Compared with the control fruit, all three treatments suppressed ethylene production and respiration rate, leading to delayed softening, reduced peel discoloration, and soluble solid content loss. These treatments increased plasma membrane stability by inhibiting lipoxygenase activity and decreasing H2O2, electrolyte leakage, and malondialdehyde concentrations, resulting in higher tolerance to chilling injury (CI). At the end of storage, the CI index of fruit treated with MT, 1-MCP, and MT+1-MCP respectively exhibited 54.67%, 14.57%, and 5.54%, which were significantly lower than the control ones (78.36%). In addition, the phenolics, flavonoids, and ascorbic acid contents were also improved by the above treatments, which contributed to higher antioxidant activity than the control fruit at the late stage of storage. The combination of MT and 1-MCP treatment was more effective in improving the postharvest quality and preserving high antioxidant ability levels than either treatment alone, indicating a promising measure to preserve sweet persimmons up to 70 d.

Copyright of Erzincan University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Erzincan Binali Yildirim Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Postharvest diseases and quality degradation are the major factors causing food losses in the fresh produce supply chain. Hence, detecting diseases and quality deterioration at the asymptomatic stage of produce enables growers to treat the diseases earlier, maintain quality and reduce postharvest food losses. With the emergence of numerous technologies to detect diseases early and monitor the quality of fresh produce, such as polymerase chain reaction, gas chromatography‐mass spectrophotometry, and near‐infrared spectroscopy, electronic nose (EN) has also gained acknowledgement and popularity in the past decade as a robust and non‐invasive analysis tool to detect odor profile and establish volatile biomarkers for metabolomics databases. However, literature reviewing the EN research on the early detection of diseases in produce after harvest is scarce. The fundamental concept of EN working principles (odor sampling, gas detection, and data acquisition method), as well as the application of EN as a whole, are covered in the first section of the review. An in‐depth discussion of the application of EN analysis in the early identification of postharvest diseases and quality monitoring is provided in the subsequent sections, which is the key objective of this comprehensive review. The prospect, limitations, and likely future developments of EN in the postharvest sector are further highlighted in the last section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reduction in shelf-life and nutritional value of cauliflower florets are the most vital problems during cold storage. This research was performed to explore the impact of the pre-harvest foliar implementation of proline (PR), methionine (MT), and melatonin (ML), at a rate of 25 mg.L-1, on shelf-life and active composites of cauliflower florets (cv. 'Arasya') stored at 10 °C for 14 d. The obtained results exhibited that florets from treated plants with PR, MT, and ML were lower in water loss, electrolyte leakage, browning index, and titratable acidity (TA) compared with untreated plants, at the end of storage. Furthermore, these pre-harvest treatments significantly slow down the loss of total sugar content, reducing sugar, total soluble solid (TSS), glucosinolates concentration (Gly), total phenols (TP), vitamin C (VC), and antioxidant activity (DPPH) than control samples. After 14 days of storage, the application of PR, MT, and ML significantly improved the activity levels of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and catalase (CAT) as well as declined the polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD) activates in the florets during the cold storage. Therefore, the pre-harvest application of PR, MT, and ML might be promising substances to keep the nutritional quality of cauliflower forests and reduce the browning index during cold storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As per the news and articles published in mass media in recent years, the usage of formalin in fruits and vegetables has become a worrisome condition in Bangladesh. In this context, this study was conducted to observe the effect of formalin on postharvest quality, shelf life, and nutritional profile of carrot, papaya, plum, apple plum, and guava. Fruits and vegetables sample were treated with different concentrations of formalin solutions (1%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) in two different modes (dipping and spraying) and stored for seven days. Physical parameters (color, texture, and flavor), weight loss, and shelf life were observed on every alternate day during the study period. Furthermore, 20% formalin-treated samples were used to find out the changes in nutritional profile (moisture, ash, carbohydrate, fat, and protein), pH, and vitamin C content. The study results revealed that different concentrations of formalin and treatment methods (dipping and spraying) did not bring up any positive effect in increasing the shelf-life and physical characteristics of selected fruits and vegetables during storage. Moreover, formalin treatment with higher concentration went in faster deterioration in color, texture, and flavor of samples compared to the control. The weight loss of fruits and vegetables is not dependent on formalin application. Formalin treatment worked negatively on the shelf life of samples. A significant reduction (P<0.05) trend on some nutritional parameters (carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamin C) was observed in formalin-treated apple plum and guava when compared with the control. No significant differences in the pulp pH content were seen as a result of formalin treatment. The overall results suggest that formalin is not a useful preservative to improve the post-harvest qualities and shelf-life of carbohydrate-rich fruits and vegetables at any concentration and mode of application and it has also a negative effect on the nutritional properties of fruits and vegetables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bactrocera zonata is an important pest of different fruits in tropical and subtropical regions. It damages the fruits at early ripening stage and reduces the quality and the final yield of fruit crop. Moreover, to maintain the quality parameters of fruits after harvesting, is an important aspect of post-harvest management. For the management of fruit fly and to keep the natural quality of fruit after harvesting different methods are used (cultural practices, mechanical practices, biological practices), but chemical control practices are dominant among all. Besides quick and effective outcomes of chemical control. It also has side effects (residues in fruits, human health issues, resistance, damage to non-target population, environment pollution). In the present study the effect of different botanical extracts on the olfactory response of B. zonata and on the post-harvest quality parameters of banana was evaluated. Extracts of Moringa olifera, Mentha pipertia, Zingiber officinale, and Cinnamomum spp. were prepared in methanol, ethanol, and distilled water. The olfactory response of B. zonata was studied in Y-tube olfactometer and effect on the quality parameters (colour, taste, weight loss, pH, and titratable acidity) of banana was evaluated in laboratory conditions. The olfactory results of the present study showed that all botanical extracts exhibited the repellent effect against B. zonata, but the methanolic extract of cinnamon showed the highest repellence activity against B. zonata. Moreover, no side effects were observed on the post-harvest quality of banana treated to different methanolic extracts as compared to control. This shows that botanical extracts could be used for the control of B. zonata and for the better post-harvest management of fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many methods to store and extend the postharvest life of asparagus spears, but their effectivity is measured by variables that do not reflect spears’ senescence. The objective of the experiment was to utilised isothermal microcalorimetry as a tool to objectively measure the quality loss of asparagus spears during postharvest storage. Asparagus spears cv. Brock were stored at 2°C and 5°C and 90% humidity for 16 days. Metabolic heat and metabolic efficiency of asparagus spears were measured during 16 days. Also, water status, total soluble solids (TSS%), titratable acidity (TA%), pH, sugars, and space colour variables were recorded. We found a determination coefficient of 0.79 and 0.87 between metabolic heat and respiration rate in whole spears stored at 2°C and 5°C by a polynomic regression. It was recorded a regression between metabolic heat and fructose (0.5) and glucose (0.67) at 2°C and fructose (0.79) and glucose (0.76) at 5°C and sugar content. We detected slight changes in quality parameters (pH, Acidity, TSS), weight loss, and turgor pressure during storage. It was concluded that parameters obtained through isothermal microcalorimetry were sensitive and reliable indicators to detect changes in postharvest parameters commonly used to evaluate changes in asparagus spears quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reduction in shelf-life and nutritional value of cauliflower florets are the most vital problems during cold storage. This research was performed to explore the impact of the pre-harvest foliar implementation of proline (PR), methionine (MT), and melatonin (ML), at a rate of 25 mg.L−1, on shelf-life and active composites of cauliflower florets (cv. ‘Arasya’) stored at 10 °C for 14 d. The obtained results exhibited that florets from treated plants with PR, MT, and ML were lower in water loss, electrolyte leakage, browning index, and titratable acidity (TA) compared with untreated plants, at the end of storage. Furthermore, these pre-harvest treatments significantly slow down the loss of total sugar content, reducing sugar, total soluble solid (TSS), glucosinolates concentration (Gly), total phenols (TP), vitamin C (VC), and antioxidant activity (DPPH) than control samples. After 14 days of storage, the application of PR, MT, and ML significantly improved the activity levels of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and catalase (CAT) as well as declined the polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD) activates in the florets during the cold storage. Therefore, the pre-harvest application of PR, MT, and ML might be promising substances to keep the nutritional quality of cauliflower forests and reduce the browning index during cold storage.

Plasma-activated water (PAW) treatment is an effective technique for the quality retention of fresh vegetables with cold atmospheric plasma using controllable parameters. This study investigated the effect of PAW on the postharvest quality of shepherd’s purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris). The results displayed that PAW treatment with an activation time of 5, 10, 15, and 20 min reduced the yellowing rate and weight loss of the shepherd’s purse during 9 days of storage. Compared with untreated samples, PAW treatment at different times reduced the number of total bacteria, coliform, yeast, and mold by 0.18–0.94, 0.59–0.97, 0.90–1.18, and 1.03–1.17 Log CFU/g after 9 days of storage, respectively. Additionally, the treatments with PAW-5 and PAW-10 better preserved ascorbic acid, chlorophyll, total phenol, and total flavonoid contents. They also maintained the higher antioxidant and CAT activity and inhibited the formation of terpenes, alcohols, and nitrogen oxide compounds of the shepherd’s purse at the end of storage. The microstructural result illustrated that the cells of the shepherd’s purse treated with PAW-5 and PAW-10 were relatively intact, with a small intercellular space after storage. This study demonstrated that PAW treatment effectively improved the postharvest quality of shepherd’s purse.

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) fumigation was evaluated for efficacy against western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) and phytotoxicity to four select fresh fruits and vegetables. Western flower thrips were found to be very susceptible to SO2 fumigation. Fumigations with 0.3 and 0.5% SO2 for 60 and 30 min, respectively, at a low temperature of 5 °C achieved 100% thrips mortality. Broccoli, bell peppers, apples, and navel oranges with thrips were subjected to 30 min fumigation with 0.3–0.5% SO2 to verify efficacy and determine potential phytotoxicity. The fumigation resulted in complete control of thrips. Its effects on visual quality of fresh produce varied. The fumigation caused severe discoloration of broccoli. However, the treatment did not have significant effects on the color of other products. No negative impact on visual appearance of bell peppers and navel oranges was observed. However, it caused darkened lenticels on green apples and, therefore, may potentially degrade apple postharvest quality. The lack of phytotoxicity of SO2 fumigation is likely due to well-developed wax layers on those fresh products. The results of the study suggest that SO2 fumigation has good potential to be used safely and effectively against sensitive pests on select fresh fruit and vegetables including peppers and citrus fruits.

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is an important economic crop grown widely in tropical and subtropical regions. Guava exhibits fast ripening and senescence as a climacteric fruit, causing a short shelf life and quality deterioration. Chitosan–essential oil nanoemulsions can be an edible coating used to improve postharvest quality attributes. In this study, chitosan was mixed with carvacrol to generate a nano-emulsoid solution containing 0.1 and 0.2% (v/v) carvacrol, using a sonic dismembrator. Guava fruit were coated with the above emulsion and postharvest quality parameters were measured during storage at 20 ± 1 °C and RH = 80 ± 5% for 8 days. The result illustrated that the particle size of the chitosan–carvacrol emulsions was nanoscale, and their high stability was demonstrated by the zeta potential and polydispersity index. Chitosan coating (2%, w/v, 310–375 kDa) containing 0.2% (v/v) carvacrol maintained postharvest quality compared to chitosan alone, with higher firmness, soluble solid content, total acid, and total phenol content, and lower weight loss and pericarp browning. The collective data were further verified by principal component analysis. A chitosan coating containing carvacrol can reduce postharvest losses. It can be applied as an effective strategy to improve postharvest fruit quality.

The effectiveness of an alginate/chitosan nanomultilayer coating without (NM) and with Aloe vera liquid fraction (NM+Av) was evaluated on the postharvest quality of tomato fruit at 20 °C and 85% relative humidity (RH) to simulate direct consumption. Both nanomultilayer coatings had comparable effects on firmness and pH values. However, the NM+Av coating significantly reduced weight loss (4.5 ± 0.2%) and molds and yeasts (3.5–4.0 log CFU g−1) compared to uncoated fruit (16.2 ± 1.2% and 8.0 ± 0.0 log CFU g−1, respectively). It notably lowered O2 consumption by 70% and a 52% decrease in CO2 production, inhibiting ethylene synthesis. Visual evaluation confirmed NM+Av’s efficacy in preserving the postharvest quality of tomato. The preservation of color, indicated by the Minolta color (a*/b*) values, demonstrated NM+Av’s ability to keep the light red stage compared to uncoated fruit. The favorable effects of NM+Av coating on enhancing postharvest quality indicates it as a potential alternative for large-scale tomato fruit preservation.

Green algae have been receiving widespread attention for their use as biofertilizers for agricultural production, but more studies are required to increase the efficiency of their use. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of Chlorella fusca CHK0059 application on strawberry plant growth and fruit quality. A total of 800 strawberry seedlings were planted in a greenhouse and were grown for seven months under different Chlorella application rates: 0 (control), 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4% of the optimal cell density (OCD; 1.0 × 107 cells mL−1). The Chlorella application was conducted weekly via an irrigation system, and the characteristics of fruit samples were monitored monthly over a period of five months. The growth (e.g., phenotype, dry weight, and nutrition) and physiological (e.g., Fv/Fm and chlorophylls) parameters of strawberry plants appeared to be enhanced by Chlorella application over time, an enhancement which became greater as the application rate increased. Likewise, the hardness and P content of strawberry fruits had a similar trend. Meanwhile, 0.2% OCD treatment induced the highest values of soluble solid content (9.3–12 °Brix) and sucrose content (2.06–2.97 g 100 g−1) in the fruits as well as fruit flavor quality indices (e.g., sugars:acids ratio and sweetness index) during the monitoring, whilst control treatment represented the lowest values. In addition, the highest anthocyanin content in fruits was observed in 0.4% OCD treatment, which induced the lowest incidence of grey mold disease (Botrytis cinerea) on postharvest fruits for 45 days. Moreover, a high correlation between plants’ nutrients and photosynthetic variables and fruits’ sucrose and anthocyanin contents was identified through the results of principal component analysis. Overall, C. fusca CHK0059 application was found to promote the overall growth and performance of strawberry plants, contributing to the improvement of strawberry quality and yield, especially in 0.2% OCD treatment.

The effects of passive- and active-modified atmosphere packaging (passive- and active-MAP) were investigated on the physio-chemical and quality attributes of fresh in-hull pistachios stored at 4 ± 1 °C and 90 ± 5% R.H. Fresh pistachios were packaged under each of the following gas combinations: active-MAP1 (AMA1) (5% O2 + 5% CO2), AMA2 (5% O2 + 25% CO2), AMA3 (5% O2 + 45% CO2), AMA4 (2.5% O2 + 5% CO2), AMA5 (2.5% O2 + 25% CO2), and AMA6 (2.5% O2 + 45% CO2), all balanced with N2, as well as passive-MAP (PMA) with ambient air (21% O2 + 0.03% CO2 + 78% N2). Changes in quality parameters were evaluated after 0, 15, 30 and 45 days of storage. Results demonstrated that AMA6 and PMA had significantly lower (7.96 Log CFU g-1) and higher (9.81 Log CFU g-1) aerobic mesophilic bacteria counts than the other treatments. However, the AMA6 treatment decreased, kernel chlorophyll and carotenoid content, hull antioxidant capacity, and anthocyanin content. The PMA treatment produced a significant weight loss, 0.18%, relative to the other treatments. The active-MAP treatments were more effective than the passive-MAP in decreasing weight loss, microbial counts, kernel total chlorophyll (Kernel TCL), and kernel carotenoid content (Kernel CAC). The postharvest quality of fresh in-hull pistachios was maintained best by the AMA3 (5% O2 + 45% CO2 + 50% N2) treatment.

ABSTRACT The consumer market has expanded its search for foods combining sensory, nutritional, and bioactive attributes, which puts edible mushrooms in evidence. However, their production chain still has deficiencies to prevent mechanical damage, microbiological contamination, perishability, and weight loss during storage, factors closely associated with unsuitable packaging of the product. This study aimed to evaluate whether different packaging configurations, associated with the application of edible Aloe vera gel coating, preserve shelf life and safety of fresh shiitake mushrooms throughout their storage, especially as a replacement for standard packaging. The experiment was conducted with fresh shiitake mushrooms, with a completely randomized design in a 3 x 2 x 4 factorial scheme, with three packaging configurations (EPS PVC, EPS PVC perforated, Xtend®), 2 coating conditions (with and without Aloe vera gel coating), four storage times (0, 3, 7 and 10 days), with four repetitions. For each storage time, weight loss, visual aspect, CO2 concentration in the package, and microbiological evaluations were assessed. In conclusion, use of Aloe vera coating on shiitake mushrooms preserves their quality attributes and promotes food safety through antimicrobial action, extending their shelf life. Xtend® packaging is potentially suitable to replace EPS PVC packaging in the sale of fresh mushrooms, reducing weight loss and preserving food quality and safety.

Background: Fresh in-hull pistachio fruits are very perishable and hence have a limited storage life, with marketers and customers wishing for a longer shelf life. The present research was performed to explore the combined effects of different packaging conditions (ambient atmospheric condition, and passive- and active-modified atmosphere packaging) as well as chitosan coating (0, 1, and 1.5%w/v) on postharvest quality of fresh in-hull pistachios stored at 5 °C and 85–90% relative humidity for 45 days. The efficacy of treatments in prolongation of pistachio fruit shelf life was evaluated by determining weight loss, kernel firmness, acid (AV) and peroxide values (PV), mold and yeast count, aflatoxin content, and hull color parameters (L*, a*, b*, C*, h°, and BI) at 0, 15, 30 and 45 days of storage. In addition, O2 and CO2 concentrations in MAP headspace were monitored. Results: By applying high molecular weight chitosan coatings and MAP conditions, PV and AV values, microbial growth, aflatoxin B1 production, and weight loss values were inhibited, as well as kernel firmness reduction and hull color deterioration during storage were controlled. Active-MAP treatments in most cases performed better than passive-MAP treatments in this regard (P < 0.05). Combining chitosan coating with MAP demonstrated additive synergistic effects. At the end of storage, 1.5% chitosan-coated treatment under active-MAP maintained firmness (87% of the control treatment), hull lightness (76% of the control treatment), and microbial count (similar to the control treatment). It also maintained minimum weight loss (6.39%), acid (0.91 meq O2 kg−1 oil) and peroxide (0.49 goleic acid/100 goil) values compared to other treatments, proving that chitosan coating combined with MAP was more effective in preserving pistachio quality parameters. The equilibrium O2 and CO2 levels of passive-MAP treatments were maintained at higher values than those of active-MAP treatments which indicated that passive-MAP treatments had higher respiration rates than those of active-MAP treatments during storage. Conclusions: The results revealed that applying the combination technique of MAP and chitosan coating effectively preserved the quality attributes and lengthened the shelf life of fresh in-hull pistachios. Therefore, it could potentially be commercialized as a new approach for future industry application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quality of blueberry fruit is easily altered after harvest. We investigated the regulatory mechanism of heat-shock (postharvest treatment) and edible coating (preharvest treatment) on the post-harvest physiological quality of blueberry from the perspective of physiological, biochemical and organoleptic characteristics. In our research, the optimal TKL concentration and the appropriate range of heat-shock temperatures were first screened based on actual application results, and then a combination of heat-shock temperature and TKL coating with significant differences in preservation effects was selected to investigate the effects of different heat-shock temperatures and TKL60 composite coating on post-harvest quality and volatile compound concentration of blueberries under refrigerated conditions. Our results showed that TKL with 60 mg/L thymol can retard the development of the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation and effectively reduce the incidence of fruit decay and the severity of blueberries infected with major pathogens at 25 °C. Meanwhile, heat-shock treatments were effective in maintaining the quality of blueberries, with a certain advantage from 45 °C to 65 °C after 8 d of storage at ambient temperature, but these treated groups were slightly inferior to TKL60 groups for fresh-keeping effect. Remarkably, the combination of heat-shock treatment and edible coating application could extend the shelf life of blueberries by 7–14 d compared to the results obtained with coating alone under low temperature storage. Specifically, heat treatment at 45 °C for 60 min after TKL60 coating (HT2) retarded the decrease in the levels of ascorbic acid, total anthocyanin, total acid and soluble solids. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry hierarchical clustering analysis showed that this treatment also improved the aroma of the fruit, which maintained a certain similarity with that of fresh blueberries after 14 d. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the results of the evaluations carried out using an electronic nose (E-nose) and electronic tongue (E-tongue) showed that blueberries of the HT2 treated group did not show a large placement change of the PC1 distribution area from that of the fresh and blank control group. Accordingly, the combination of coating with heat-shock treatment can effectively improve the post-harvest quality and aroma compound concentration of blueberries, showing good application potential in storage and preservation of fresh fruits such as blueberries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Short shelf life limits the commercial value of mustard microgreens. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different storage temperatures on postharvest quality and sensory attributes of mustard microgreens to identify the optimum storage temperature. Mustard microgreens were stored at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 °C in 150 µm polyethylene bags. Samples were drawn at 0, 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, and 14 days and tested for changes in total chlorophyll content, tissue electrolyte leakage, weight loss, antioxidant activity, and sensory attributes. Storage temperature significantly (p < 0.05) affected the product quality, shelf life, and sensory quality. When stored at 5 °C, mustard microgreens showed no significant changes in antioxidant activity or tissue electrolyte leakage and minimal change in other parameters and maintained good overall sensory quality for 14 days. Samples stored at 10 and 15 °C retained good overall sensory quality for 4 and 2 days, respectively. When stored at 20 and 25 °C, microgreens deteriorated beyond consumption within one day. A storage temperature of 5 °C in 150 µm polythene bags can preserve high postharvest quality and sensory attributes for 14 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After harvest, the metabolism of Gynura bicolor DC (G. bicolor) is vigorous, resulting in sugar scarcity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, thus aggravating the quality deterioration. 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) shows crucial effect in alleviating the postharvest metabolism of vegetables and fruits. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of 1-MCP on ROS scavenging and sucrose metabolism in G. bicolor. In this research, G. bicolor was treated with 10 μL L−1 1-MCP for 12 h, followed by storage at 20 ± 2 °C and 90 ± 5% relative humidity in darkness for 7 days. During storage, the increases in the respiration rate, electrolytic leakage, weight loss rate, ROS levels, and membrane lipid oxidation were effectively inhibited by 1-MCP. Moreover, starch and hexose degradation was decreased in the 1-MCP group, as were sucrose synthesis and catabolism. Correlation analysis indicated that sugar starvation was associated with respiration, activities regulation of CAT, SOD, and enzymes involved in sucrose metabolism were associated with the levels of hydrogen peroxide at the early storage. In conclusion, 1-MCP delayed postharvest quality deterioration of G. bicolor by alleviating respiration, inducing oxidative stress to enhance ROS scavenging, and inhibiting sucrose metabolism. • 1-MCP improved postharvest metabolism by inhibiting increase in respiration. • 1-MCP enhanced ROS scavenging and inhibited sucrose metabolism. • Sugar scarcity was alleviated by 1-MCP-induced inhibition of sucrose metabolism. • Increased H 2 O 2 concentration at an early stage may modulate sucrose metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the effect of different CO2 air conditioning treatments on the quality of fresh lotus seeds postharvest storage, this study used 'Shilihe No.1' fresh lotus seeds as the test material, and under the conditions of 4 ° and 5% O2, different CO2 were used (4%, 8% and 12%). The fresh lotus was stored for 20 days under controlled atmosphere, and its appearance and nutritional quality during storage were measured. The results showed that 4% CO2 treatment could reduce the weight loss rate and browning degree of lotus seeds, but the nutrient consumption was more serious. After 20 days of storage, the starch content (98.01 mg/g) was 6.98 mg/g lower than the control group (104.99 mg/g) ; at the end of storage, browning degree, weight loss rate, reducing sugar of 8% CO2 treatment were 1.63, 8.54%, 0.76%, respectively, POD and PPO activities were 163.44 U/(min·g), 99.63 U/(min·g), which were significantly lower than the control group and other modified atmosphere treatment groups (P<0.05), while the starch content was 119.68 mg/g, which was significantly higher than that of the control and other atmospheres. 12% CO2 treatment may cause the lotus seeds to be damaged by too high concentration of CO2. After 20 days of storage, the a* value (-10.03) was higher than the control group (-12.68), and the b* value (24.95) was lower than the control group (28.03), and the browning phenomenon was more obvious than that of the control group. This researches showed that 5% O2 + 8% CO2 was the most suitable treatment for fresh lotus seeds storage. This treatment also showed a positive effect in reducing the nutrient consumption of lotus seeds and protecting the green of the epidermis, providing new ideas and references for the research and development of fresh lotus postharvest preservation technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starch is a biodegradable polymeric carbohydrate that can easily form films and coatings and can readily be obtained from some food industry by-products and wastes, which may contribute to the circular bioeconomy. In this work, we studied the potential of two edible coating emulsions based on pregelatinized potato starch (PPS) and glyceryl monostearate (GMS) alone (F6 and F10) or formulated with the food additive sodium benzoate (SB, 2%) (F6/SB and F10/SB) to control sour rot, an important citrus postharvest disease caused by the fungus Geotrichum citri-aurantii, and maintain postharvest quality of cold-stored 'Orri' mandarins. The PPS-GMS coating application was compared to dipping in water (uncoated controls) and dipping in a 2% SB (w/v) aqueous solution. The results showed that the coating F10/SB was the most promising treatment to control sour rot on mandarins, with reductions in disease incidence with respect to the uncoated control samples of 94, 69, and 55% after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of storage at 5 °C, respectively. Coatings formulated without SB were ineffective. Regarding fruit quality, the coating F10 was the most effective to reduce weight loss, maintain firmness, and provide gloss on mandarins stored at 5 °C for up to 6 weeks followed by a shelf-life period of 1 week at 20 °C. The addition of SB to the PPS-GMS coatings adversely affected these coating properties, but the coating F10/SB still reduced weight loss compared to uncoated controls without negatively affecting the fruit physicochemical (juice titratable acidity, soluble solids content, and volatiles content) and sensory quality (overall flavor, off-flavors, external aspect). Overall, the coating F10/SB showed the greatest potential for commercial use as an efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional fungicides and waxes for sour rot control and quality preservation of cold-stored mandarins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is the second most important tropical fruit in the world. In the Soconusco region of Chiapas, Mexico, there is a large number of mango genotypes with a broad range of shapes, flavors, and aromas, with the potential to increase its cultivation. Therefore, the post-harvest characteristics of three creole mango genotypes, ‘Manililla’, ‘Cuero’, and ‘Manzana’ were evaluated and compared with the variety ‘Ataúlfo’. Fifty fruits from each genotype were harvested and stored at 20 °C and 75 % relative humidity; quality characteristics (epidermis/seed/pulp ratio, weight loss, color, firmness, °Bx, titratable acidity, ascorbic acid, pectimethylesterase enzymatic activity, phenolic acid and flavonoid content in epidermis) were evaluated under a completely randomized design. The results showed that ‘Manililla’ and ‘Cuero’ fruits had a significantly higher weight loss, while ‘Manzana’ and ‘Ataúlfo’ were similar in pulp content. The creole genotypes ‘Cuero’ and ‘Manzana’ had an attractive yellow-orange color, with red shading on the shoulders and orange in the pulp. The SST/AT ratio in ‘Manililla’ and ‘Cuero’ (71.1 and 62.6, respectively), was significantly higher in relation to ‘Ataúlfo’ (39.1) due to low acidity. ‘Manzana’ had higher total sugar content (30.3 g 100 g-1) and a firmer texture after six days of storage (dda). ‘Cuero’ showed greater weight loss and higher ascorbic acid content, 32 % more than ‘Ataúlfo’. The pulp content of ‘Manzana’ fruits was similar to that of ‘Ataúlfo’, with less weight loss and greater firmness, making it appealing for marketing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of alginate-based edible coating incorporated with free thyme essential oil (EO) (thyme), unloaded NLC (NLC), 3000 mg/L thyme EO-loaded NLC (NLC 3000-thyme), 6000 mg/L thyme EO-loaded NLC (NLC 6000-thyme), and 6000 mg/L thyme EO-loaded emulsion (NLC 6000-emulsion) on the postharvest quality of tangerine fruit at 4 °C during 35 days of storage. Among the treatments, the NLC 3000-thyme, NLC 6000-thyme, and emulsion 6000-thyme showed the highest phenol content, DPPH radical scavenging activity, titrable acidity, and the lowest weight loss and TSS. However, the lowest mold injury (7.27% against 33.33% for control on day 35), the decay percentage, and the best sensorial quality retention were detected in the NLC 6000-thyme sample. Overall, our results indicated that the alginate-based edible coating incorporated with 6000 mg/L thyme EO-loaded NLC is an efficient way of extending the shelf life of tangerine fruit without no undesirable effects on its sensorial properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the hilly area of Gioia Tauro (Calabria, Southern Italy), lemon orchards are grown in consociation with centuriesold olive trees. Lemons are partially shaded by olive canopies and the microclimate at the level of their canopies is suitable for plants growth and quality productions. Under these conditions, lemon trees are grown even without irrigation, providing, despite this limitation, a quality product. This study aimed to i) investigate the qualitative characterisation of two clonal selections of the lemon cultivar Femminello, F. Siracusano (S) and F. Zagara bianca (ZB), from the described intercropping, on irrigated (I) and nonirrigated (NI) crops; ii) assess the quality preservation during cold storage, in order to evaluate the availability of lemons for marketing in a period of shortage such as the summer season. Fruits were harvested at commercial maturity, and cold stored at 10±1°C and RH 8590%, for 60 days. Decay incidence, physiological disorders, weight loss, and the main physicalchemical parameters were assessed at harvest (T0) and every 15 days (T15, T30, T45, T60). The absence of decay and physiological disorders was observed throughout the 60day storage period, in both clonal selections under the two management conditions. The weight loss was greater in fruits from irrigated lemon groves of both S and ZB. S_I showed significantly lower fruits weight and higher titratable acidity than S_NI. Total soluble solids and titratable acidity were statistically lower for ZB_I than for NI fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowing the diversity and uses of corn is essential for food security. The characteristics of the seeds are important because they have particular characteristics that producers look for in their consumption or storage. In ten maize materials (seven natives and three free pollination varieties) information was obtained on the morphometric characteristics in seeds (length, width, thickness, and area), percentage of floury and crystalline endosperm through images, hardness with the help of a Sitophilus texturometer and oviposition through of a staining technique. Differences were identified between all the materials in all the variables analyzed. The Sac beh and Nukuch nah materials registered higher hardness, they also excelled in the amount of crystalline endosperm registering 85 and 84% respectively, however, the Sac beh was one of the most affected with the oviposition of Sitophilus with nine eggs per 10 seeds on average, in contrast to Chac choc (red seed) which was not affected. The variability within the native materials can provide alternatives for genetic improvement programs oriented to postharvest handling and have characteristics that together reduce the effects of the Sitophilus attack. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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