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Effects of 0.001, 0.010, 0.050, 0.100, 0.500 ve 1.000 ppm concentration of malathion, an organophosphated insecticide, on longevity, egg pruduction and hatchability of adult female of the hymenopterous endoparasitoid Pimpla turionellae L. were investigated. The tested concentrations of malathion were administrated orally in a chemically defined synthetic diet. The highest level of malathion caused 100% mortality in 24 hours whereas the insects survived approximately 2.75 and 3.75 days in the 0.500 and 0.100 ppm concentrations of malathion respectively. Diets which contain 0.050 and 0.010 ppm concentrations of malathion significantly decreased longevity and total egg production of the females. Although 0.001 ppm concentration of malathion did not affect the longevity of the insects, it increased total egg production significantly which approximated to about 50%. None of the malathion concentrations tested show any significant effect on percentage of egg hatch in P. turionellae females.

WOS: 000298216800001, The non-target effects of the plant growth regulator gibberellic acid (GA(3)) on host and parasitoid pre-adult development along with adult parasitoid longevity and size were examined using the endoparasitoid Pimp la turionellae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) reared on its host Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) treated with different doses of the GA(3) in diet. Total protein, carbohydrate, and lipid content of hemolymph from parasitoid and host larvae were also evaluated with respect to GA(3) doses. Host development from egg to adult took 86-112 d. However, adult completed pre-adult development at an average of 34 d earlier than controls at the highest dose of 5,000 ppm. GA(3) treatment had the most significant effect on the egg-larval developmental time of host with more than 35% decrease at doses >1,000 ppm. GA(3) treatment did not affect the adult emergence time of parasitoids reared on hosts exposed to different doses. Adult longevity of wasps increased at 50, 100, and 200 ppm, whereas a decrease in longevity was apparent at 2,000 ppm with respect to controls. GA(3) treatment did not affect the adult length of wasps at doses 500 ppm. Total carbohydrate of wasp larvae increased at 100 and 1,000 ppm but decreased at 200 and 5,000 ppm. The potential significance of GA(3) on pest species and its natural enemy which may be used in Integrated Pest Management programs is discussed.