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115 results on '"Phage type"'

102. Serotypes, virulence genes and intimin types of Shiga toxin (verocytotoxin)-producing Escherichia coli isolates from minced beef in Lugo (Spain) from 1995 through 2003

Author

María Isabel Bernárdez, Jesús E. Blanco, Miguel Blanco, Ghizlane Dahbi, Paula Justel, María Pilar Alonso, Cecilia López, Enrique A. González, A. Echeita, Azucena Mora, Jorge Blanco, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Xunta de Galicia (España), Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo, Unión Europea. Comisión Europea, and Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Serotype, Meat, Virulence Factors, lcsh:QR1-502, Colony Count, Microbial, Phage Type, Virulence, Verocytotoxin, Shiga Toxins, medicine.disease_cause, Escherichia coli O157, Microbiology, lcsh:Microbiology, Shiga Toxin, chemistry.chemical_compound, fluids and secretions, Cefixime, medicine, Escherichia coli, Food microbiology, Animals, Serotyping, Adhesins, Bacterial, Intimin, biology, Escherichia coli Proteins, Shiga toxin, Most Probable Number, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, bacterial infections and mycoses, Virology, Bacterial adhesin, chemistry, Spain, biology.protein, Food Microbiology, Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome, bacteria, Cattle, Research Article
Abstract

Background Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) have emerged as pathogens that can cause food-borne infections and severe and potentially fatal illnesses in humans, such as haemorrhagic colitis (HC) and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). In Spain, like in many other countries, STEC strains have been frequently isolated from ruminants, and represent a significant cause of sporadic cases of human infection. In view of the lack of data on STEC isolated from food in Spain, the objectives of this study were to determine the level of microbiological contamination and the prevalence of STEC O157:H7 and non-O157 in a large sampling of minced beef collected from 30 local stores in Lugo city between 1995 and 2003. Also to establish if those STEC isolated from food possessed the same virulence profiles as STEC strains causing human infections. Results STEC were detected in 95 (12%) of the 785 minced beef samples tested. STEC O157:H7 was isolated from eight (1.0%) samples and non-O157 STEC from 90 (11%) samples. Ninety-six STEC isolates were further characterized by PCR and serotyping. PCR showed that 28 (29%) isolates carried stx1 genes, 49 (51%) possessed stx2 genes, and 19 (20%) both stx1 and stx2. Enterohemolysin (ehxA) and intimin (eae) virulence genes were detected in 43 (45%) and in 25 (26%) of the isolates, respectively. Typing of the eae variants detected four types: γ1 (nine isolates), β1 (eight isolates), ε1 (three isolates), and θ (two isolates). The majority (68%) of STEC isolates belonged to serotypes previously detected in human STEC and 38% to serotypes associated with STEC isolated from patients with HUS. Ten new serotypes not previously described in raw beef products were also detected. The highly virulent seropathotypes O26:H11 stx1eae-β1, O157:H7 stx1stx2eae-γ1 and O157:H7 stx2eae-γ1, which are the most frequently observed among STEC causing human infections in Spain, were detected in 10 of the 96 STEC isolates. Furthermore, phage typing of STEC O157:H7 isolates showed that the majority (seven of eight isolates) belonged to the main phage types previously detected in STEC O157:H7 strains associated with severe human illnesses. Conclusion The results of this study do not differ greatly from those reported in other countries with regard to prevalence of O157 and non-O157 STEC in minced beef. As we suspected, serotypes different from O157:H7 also play an important role in food contamination in Spain, including the highly virulent seropathotype O26:H11 stx1eae-β1. Thus, our data confirm minced beef in the city of Lugo as vehicles of highly pathogenic STEC. This requires that control measures to be introduced and implemented to increase the safety of minced beef.

Published
2007

103. Discriminação de sorovares de Salmonella spp. isolados de carcaças de frango por REP e ERIC-PCR e fagotipagem do sorovar Enteriditis

Author

Alcocer, Iliana, Oliveira, Kelly Mari P. De, Vidotto, Marilda Carlos, and Oliveira, Tereza Cristina R.M. de

Subjects
serotypes, sorovar, Salmonella Enteriditis, fagotipos, REP-PCR, ERIC-PCR, phage type
Abstract

Salmonelose é a infecção bacteriana de origem alimentar mais freqüente no Paraná, Brasil, e os surtos estão associados, principalmente, ao consumo de ovos, carne de aves e derivados. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram identificar os sorovares de Salmonella isolados de carcaças de frango e caracterizá-los molecularmente por REP e ERIC-PCR, assim como identificar os fagotipos de Salmonella Enteriditis. Dos 25 isolados de Salmonella spp. analisados, 18 foram identificados como Enteriditis, 4 como Braenderup, 2 como Worthington e 1 como infantis. Dos 18 isolados de Enteriditis, 14 foram PT4, 2 PT4a, 1 PT7 e 1 RDNC, por se tratar de colônia rugosa. REP-PCR forneceu padrão eletroforético distinto de 10 a 13 bandas distribuídas entre 120 e 2072 pb para cada sorovar diferente testado. A ERIC-PCR mostrou um padrão de 4 a 5 bandas entre 180 e 1000 pb e foi menos discriminativa quando comparada à REP-PCR. Os resultados encontrados confirmaram que a fagotipagem é uma ferramenta útil e discriminativa para o sorovar Enteriditis. Apesar do pequeno número de sorovares testados, os resultados sugerem que a REP-PCR parece ser um método atrativo a ser utilizado no futuro para a discriminação preliminar de sorovares de Salmonella. Salmonellosis is the most prevalent bacterial food-borne disease in the State of Paraná, Brazil, and the outbreaks are often associated with consumption of poultry products. The aim of this study was to serotype Salmonella strains isolated from chicken carcasses and characterize them molecularly using REP and ERIC-PCR. The phage types of Salmonella Enteriditis were also identified. Of the 25 Salmonella strains analysed, 18 were identified as Enteriditis, 4 as Braenderup, 2 as Worthington and 1 as infantis. Of the 18 Enteriditis isolates, 14 were PT4, 2 PT4a, 1 PT7 and 1 "reacted, but did not conform" - RDNC. Distinct REP-PCR profiles with 10 to 13 fragments distributed between 120 and 2072 pb were easily obtained for each serovar tested. ERIC-PCR showed patterns of 4 to 5 fragments between 180 and 1000 pb and less discriminatory power than REP-PCR. The results confirmed that phage typing is a useful tool to differentiate into sorovar Enteriditis. Although it is recognized that only a limited number of strains was tested in this study, the results suggest that REP-PCR could be an attractive choice to be used in the future as a preliminary method of Salmonella sorovar discrimination.

Published
2006

105. Association between phage types and antimicrobial resistance among bovine Staphylococcus aureus from 10 countries

Author

Vintov, J., Aarestrup, Frank Møller, Zinn, C. E., Olsen, J. E., Vintov, J., Aarestrup, Frank Møller, Zinn, C. E., and Olsen, J. E.

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the diversity of phage types and associations between penicillin resistance and phage types among 815 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bovine mastitis in nine European countries and USA. All isolates were examined for susceptibility to antimicrobial agents and characterised by phage typing. Penicillin resistance was found among strains from all countries with an average occurrence of 32.4% (2-71.4%). A total of 76% of isolates were identifiable by phage typing and 144 different phage types were observed. The most predominant types were phage type 29 (11% of the 815 isolates), phage type 52 (5%), and phage type 80 (5%). Phage type 95 and 29/52/52A/80 were both distributed within seven countries. In the countries with the highest occurrence of penicillin resistance a reduced diversity of phage types and phage groups was observed. Phage group In was significantly associated with penicillin resistance in contrast to phage group I (P = 0.0023) and phage complex-80 (P = 0.0066). This study confirms that a large number of phage types of S. aureus cause bovine mastitis, but that some types predominate. In addition, these findings could indicate that the use of penicillin in the bovine environment has selected for specific types of S. aureus in countries with a high frequency of resistance.

Published
2003

109. Phage types, antibiotic susceptibilities and plasmid profiles of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis strains isolated in Istanbul, Turkey.

Author

Anğ-Küçüker, M., Tolun, V., Helmuth, R., Rabsch, W., Büyükbaba-Boral, Ö., Törümküney-Akbulut, D., Susever, S., and Anğ, Ö

Subjects
*SALMONELLA typhimurium, *SALMONELLA enteritidis, *GASTROENTERITIS
Abstract

Objective To examine 13 Salmonella typhimurium and 22 S. enteritidis strains isolated from individual cases of gastroenteritis for their phage types, antibiotic susceptibilities and plasmid profiles. Methods The phage typing of S. typhimurium strains was done according to the method of Anderson et al, and the phage typing scheme of Ward et al was used for phage typing of S. enteritidis strains. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase production of the strains was determined by the three-dimensional method. Plasmid profiles of the strains were examined using the method described by Kado and Liu with some modification by Graeber et al. Results Two S. typhimurium strains were DT 193 and one was DT 22, whereas 10 strains were untypable. PT 4 was the predominant phage type among S. enteritidis strains. Four S. enteritidis strains were DT 6a, three strains were PT 1 and one strain was PT 8, whereas only one strain was untypable. Eleven of 13 S. typhimurium and three of 22 S. enteritidis strains were found to be multiresistant. Ten different resistance patterns among S. typhimurium and four different resistance patterns among S. enteritidis strains were detected. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase production was detected in 10 of 13 S. typhimurium and in three of 22 S. enteritidis strains. All S. typhimurium strains but one were found to contain at least one plasmid, with molecular masses varying between 4 and 107 MDa, and 11 different plasmid patterns were determined. Plasmid pattern analysis permitted further differentiation of the S. enteritidis strains into nine groups. A serovar-specific virulence plasmid of 36 MDa was detected in 13 of 22 S. enteritidis strains. Conclusions The results suggest that the majority of S. typhimurium strains were closely related. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000
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110. Pseudomonas aeruginosa 012 :Resistance aux antibiotiques. Lysotypes et pyocinotypes de souches hospitalieres

Author

Wildemauwe, Christa, Beumer, Jacques, De Meuter, Franz, Devleeschouwer, Michel, Crotteux, Jeanne, Godard, Claudine, Pithsy, Albert, Vanhoof, Raymond, Wildemauwe, Christa, Beumer, Jacques, De Meuter, Franz, Devleeschouwer, Michel, Crotteux, Jeanne, Godard, Claudine, Pithsy, Albert, and Vanhoof, Raymond

Abstract

The susceptibility to various antibiotics (penicillins :carbenicillin, piperacillin, ticarcillin ;cephalosporins :cefotaxime, cefsulodin, ceftazidime ;aminoglycosides :amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, tobramycin ;colistin) of 462 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa of serological group 012 from 6 Belgian hospitals (period 1984-1985) has been investigated. Each hospital has used its particular series of antibiotics either by agar diffusion (all hospitals except Liege) or by dilution in microplates (Liege). The 1984-1985 series of isolates, extended to 1986 and completed with some strains from three other Brussels hospitals, was also tested for phage type and pyocin type. Whereas variation of resistance frequency is observed between the different hospitals when antibiotics are considered separately, an overall marked proportion (80 %) of wide antibiotic resistance among 012 strains appears everywhere. A vast majority of our 012 isolates are also characterized by only a few possibility related phage and pyocin types, thus presenting themselves as a fairly homogeneous group. © 1989., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
1989

111. A multistrain cluster of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus based in a native community.

Author

Taylor G, Kirkland T, Kowalewska-Grochowska K, and Wang Y

Abstract

Since 1986 the authors' hospital has experienced increased numbers of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates linked to residents of a native Indian community infected or colonized on admission. A survey of 422 consecutive persons from that community admitted to hospital over a three year period identified 21 (4.9%) carrying MRSA. In a case control study of 34 carriers compared to noncarriers from the community, only prior hospitalization within the past 12 months was identified as being significantly associated with the carrier state, but a specific hospital associated with this risk was not identified. A study of subsets of MRSA isolates in these patients revealed multiple strains present, identified by antibiograms, phage typing profiles and plasmid analysis. Community-based clusters of MRSA have only rarely been previously identified.

Published
1990
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