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The Armenian architectural heritage in Turkey has been left into disrepair and neglect for a long time. It represents a difficult and contested heritage especially for its relation to the Genocide, becoming the physical trace left of the absent Armenian community in Anatolia. For many years it was considered as the heritage of ‘the other’ and not particularly interesting for detailed studies and research. The activities by several institutions in Turkey, aimed to rediscover a forgotten and unknown heritage, led to increasing interest and the awareness of the critical condition of this heritage. This change led to numerous initiatives of preserving, at least virtually, what remains today of the Armenian architecture and to the increment of research activities in different academic institutions in Turkey.

We introduced a regioselective and atom-economical procedure for the synthesis of 3-substituted indoles by annulation of nitrosoarenes with ethynyl ketones. The reactions were carried out achieving indoles without any catalyst and with excellent regioselectivity. No traces of 2-aroylindole products were detected. Working with 4-nitronitrosobenzene as starting material, the 3-aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindole products precipitated from the reaction mixtures and were isolated by filtration without any further purification technique. Differently from the corresponding N-hydroxy-3-aryl indoles that, spontaneously in solution, give dehydrodimerization products, the N-hydroxy-3-aroyl indoles are stable and no dimerization compounds were observed.

The amphipod HyalellaSmith, 1874 is exclusive to the Americas, and the South region of Brazil presents the greatest diversity of the genus. This paper presents two species of Hyalella from Santa Catarina state, Brazil. A new species from the municipality of Palmeira is characterized by oval eyes, absence of flanges, epimeral plates not accuminated, presence of three lateral pappose setae on article 4 in antenna 2, absence of plumose setae in the maxilliped, presence of comb-scales and absence of serrate setae in the gnathopods, presence of curved seta on the inner ramus of the uropod 1 and absence of lateral setae on the telson. A new species from Rio das Antas municipality main characteristics are absence of flanges, epimeral plates accuminated, absence of plumose setae and distal nail in the maxilliped, presence of comb-scales and absence of serrate setae in gnathopods, presence of curved seta on the inner ramus of the uropod 1 and absence of lateral setae on the telson. Here we expand the distribution and increase the morphological and taxonomic knowledge of the genus.

The Armenian architectural heritage in Turkey has been left into disrepair and neglect for a long time. It represents a difficult and contested heritage especially for its relation to the Genocide, becoming the physical trace left of the absent Armenian community in Anatolia. For many years it was considered as the heritage of ‘the other’ and not particularly interesting for detailed studies and research. The activities by several institutions in Turkey, aimed to rediscover a forgotten and unknown heritage, led to increasing interest and the awareness of the critical condition of this heritage. This change led to numerous initiatives of preserving, at least virtually, what remains today of the Armenian architecture and to the increment of research activities in different academic institutions in Turkey., Eurasiatica

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a influencia da sinvastatina nas propriedades mecânicas de ossos e musculos de ratos hipercolesterolemicos submetidos a exercicio fisico. Metodos Foram usados dez ratos machos da raca Wistar, submetidos a dieta hiperlipidica rica em colesterol por 90 dias. Os animais foram entao distribuidos em dois grupos: submetidos a tratamento com exercicio fisico (GE) e submetidos a tratamento com exercicio fisico e sinvastatina (GE+S). Foi aplicado um protocolo de exercicio fisico na agua e administracao de sinvastatina por oito semanas. Apos esse periodo, os animais foram eutanasiados e dissecados a tibia esquerda e o musculo gastrocnemio direito de cada animal para analise mecânica e a tibia direita para densitometria. Para analise dos dados foi aplicado o teste t de Student, considerou‐se nivel de significância de 5%. Resultados A comparacao da forca maxima e rigidez nao revelou diferenca significativa entre os grupos tanto para a tibia (p = 0,851 e p = 0,259) quanto para o musculo gastrocnemio (p = 0,911 e p = 0,083). A DMO das tibias tambem nao apresentou diferenca significativa entre os grupos (p = 0,803). Conclusao A sinvastatina nao teve efeitos deleterios nas propriedades mecânicas da tibia e do musculo gastrocnemio de ratos hipercolesterolemicos submetidos a exercicio fisico aerobio.

O objetivo deste estudo foi tracar o perfil do usuario do Sistema de Saude da Marinha atendido na Odontoclinica Central da Marinha, alem de investigar a possivel associacao do numero de dentes com fatores de risco sistemicos. Foram analisados 1.123 questionarios e 750 exames clinicos realizados pelo Servico de Odontologia Preventiva durante consulta odontologica. Avaliaram-se dados subdividindo a populacao em tres faixas etarias: 20 a 39 anos, 40 a 59, e 60 anos ou mais. Uma analise estratificada visou esclarecer se a media do numero de dentes de pacientes com idade superior a 50 anos, fumantes, diabeticos, com osteoporose e/ou hipercolesterolemia, era menor que a media encontrada em pacientes sem os referidos riscos. A associacao do numero de fatores de risco sistemicos com o numero de dentes foi investigada usando o teste de correlacao de Spearman. Os resultados mostraram que a prevalencia de doencas cronicas e a ausencia de denticao funcional foram mais frequentes em individuos idosos. A media do numero de dentes de individuos com mais fatores de risco sistemico foi significativamente menor quando comparada a de individuos sem os referidos fatores (15,96 ± 7,58 e 19,44 ± 8,03, respectivamente, p=0,01). A analise de Spearman revelou que, quanto maior o numero de fatores de risco sistemicos, menor o numero de dentes (rho= -0,113, p=0,01). Idade avancada e comorbidades foram associadas ao menor numero de dentes na amostra estudada. Estrategias de prevencao sao fundamentais para que os usuarios alcancem bom estado de saude oral e uma denticao funcional, em idades mais avancadas.

The novel zinc(II) µ-oxo-bridged-dimeric complex [Zn2(µ-O)2(BMIP)2] (BMIP = 1,3-bis(5-methoxy-1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)propane-1,3-dione), 1, was synthetized and fully characterized. The spectral data indicate a zincoxane molecular structure, with the BMIP ligand coordinating in its neutral form via its oxygen atoms. Structural changes in 1 in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) were evidenced by means of spectroscopic techniques including infrared absorption and nuclear magnetic resonance, showing DMSO entrance in the coordination sphere of the metal ion. The resulting complex [Zn2(µ-O)2(BMIP)2(DMSO)], 2, readily reacts in the presence of N-methyl-imidazole (NMI), a liquid-phase nucleoside mimic, to form [Zn2(µ-O)2(BMIP)2(NMI)], 3, through DMSO displacement. The three complexes show high thermal stability, demonstrating that 1 has high affinity for hard nucleophiles. Finally, with the aim of probing the suitability of this system as model scaffold for new potential anticancer metallodrugs, the interactions of 1 with calf thymus DNA were investigated in vitro in pseudo-physiological environment through UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectroscopy, as well as time-resolved fluorescence studies. The latter analyses revealed that [Zn2(µ-O)2(BMIP)2(DMSO)] binds to DNA with high affinity upon DMSO displacement, opening new perspectives for the development of optimized drug substances.

A polpa e periodonto estão intimamente relacionados. Lesões endo-periodontais são, ocasionalmente, condições que envofüem desafios no diagnóstico e tratamento. O sucesso das terapias periodontal e endodôntica depende da eliminação de ambos processos de doença, na polpa e no periodonto. O objetivo deste relato de caso é apresentar o tratamento bem sucedido de um primeiro molarinferior esquerdo com lesão periodontal primária com envolvimento endodôntico secundário em um paciente com periodontite crônica avançada. Descreve-se o diagnóstico, tratamento e proservação por 5 anos. O acompanhamento clínico e radiográfico mostrou uma melhora radiográfica significativa e ausência de sintomas, apesar do prognóstico prévio desfavorável. Conclui-se que esse tipo de lesão endo-periodontal pode ser tratada com sucesso, desde que abordada devidamente com integração da Periodontia e da Endodontia. The pulp and the periodontal tissue are closely related. Endo-periodontal lesions are conditions that involve challenges in diagnosis and treatment. The success of periodontal and endodontic therapies depends on the elimination of both disease processes, in pulp and periodontium. The aim ofthis case report is to present a successful treatment of a lower left first molar with primary periodontal lesion with secondary endodontic involvement in a patient with advaoced chronic periodontitis. It's described the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up for 5 years. The last clinical and radiographic findings showed a significant radiographic improvement and absence of symptoms, despite the uncertain previous prognosis. It was concluded that this type of endo-periodontal lesions can be successfully treated,if properly approached with integration of Periodontics and Endodontics.

O objetivo deste estudo foi traçar o perfil do usuário do Sistema de Saúde da Marinha atendido na Odontoclínica Central da Marinha, além de investigar a possível associação do número de dentes com fatores de risco sistêmicos. Foram analisados 1.123 questionários e 750 exames clínicos realizados pelo Serviço de Odontologia Preventiva durante consulta odontológica. Avaliaram-se dados subdividindo a população em três faixas etárias: 20 a 39 anos, 40 a 59, e 60 anos ou mais. Uma análise estratificada visou esclarecer se a média do número de dentes de pacientes com idade superior a 50 anos, fumantes, diabéticos, com osteoporose e/ou hipercolesterolemia, era menor que a média encontrada em pacientes sem os referidos riscos. A associação do número de fatores de risco sistêmicos com o número de dentes foi investigada usando o teste de correlação de Spearman. Os resultados mostraram que a prevalência de doenças crônicas e a ausência de dentição funcional foram mais frequentes em indivíduos idosos. A média do número de dentes de indivíduos com mais fatores de risco sistêmico foi significativamente menor quando comparada a de indivíduos sem os referidos fatores (15,96 ± 7,58 e 19,44 ± 8,03, respectivamente, p=0,01). A análise de Spearman revelou que, quanto maior o número de fatores de risco sistêmicos, menor o número de dentes (rho= -0,113, p=0,01). Idade avançada e comorbidades foram associadas ao menor número de dentes na amostra estudada. Estratégias de prevenção são fundamentais para que os usuários alcancem bom estado de saúde oral e uma dentição funcional, em idades mais avançadas. The aim of this study was to describe the profile of the patients of the Sistema de Saúde da Marinha attending the Brazilian Navy?s Dental Center (Odontoclínica Central da Marinha), in addition to investigate the possible association of number of teeth and systemic risk factors. More than one thousand anamnesis charts and 750 clinical examinations performed by the Preventive Dentistry Service were evaluated. Data were evaluated by subgrouping the study population into the following age groups: 20 to 39 years, 40 to 59, and 60 years or more. A stratified analysis aimed to clarify whether the mean number of teeth of patients aged over 50, smokers, diabetics, with osteoporosis and / or hypercholesterolemia, was lower when compared to those without such risks. The association of number of systemic risk factors and number of teeth was investigated using Spearman correlation test. The results have shown that the prevalence of chronic disease and the absence of functional dentition were more frequent in the elderly. The mean number of teeth of individuals with more systemic risk factors was significantly lower when compared to individuals without these factors (15.96 ± 7.58 and 19.44 ± 8.03, respectively, p = 0.01). Spearman analysis revealed that the higher the number of systemic risk factors, the lower the number of teeth (rho= -0,113, p = 0.01). In conclusion, advanced age and comorbidities were associated with the lower number of teeth in the studied sample. Prevention strategies are fundamental for reaching good oral health and a functional dentition at more advanced ages.

Desde janeiro deste ano, passamos a conviver com noticiarios e redes sociais trazendo diversas informacoes sobre o “novo coronavirus”. Oficialmente anunciado como patogeno causador da COVID-19 pelo Centro Chines de Controle e Prevencao de Doencas, logo passou a se tornar um problema de saude publica desafiador, nao apenas para a China, mas para muitos paises ao redor do mundo (1). Assim como os virus respiratorios, o novo coronavirus, o SARS-CoV-2, e trasmitido principalmente pelo contato com goticulas respiratorias de individuos com COVID-19.

This study investigated whether periodontitis affects systemic bone status and whether FRAX® is a screening tool for periodontal disease in elderly women. The findings showed that bone density was not influenced by periodontitis and highlighted that women with FRAX® score above the intervention threshold had greater chance to present severe periodontitis. This study investigated whether periodontal disease is a predictor for systemic bone loss among elderly women. The utilization of FRAX® as a screening tool for severe periodontitis was also evaluated in this population. Current bone mineral density (BMD) for lumbar spine and proximal femur was used as an indicator of “bone status.” Number of interdental sites with severe clinical attachment loss, frequency of bleeding on probing, and percentage of tooth loss due to periodontitis represented “periodontal disease” that was tested as a predictor of bone loss in a structural equation modeling analysis involving 110 participants. The intake of antiosteoporosis medication was considered in the analysis. Four other different criteria for periodontitis classification were also tested. FRAX® for major fracture was calculated without BMD, and with intervention threshold set by age. Longitudinally, BMD changes up to 10 years were also obtained and checked for possible association with periodontitis. Periodontal disease was not a predictor for worse systemic bone status according to the different periodontal disease classifications, and was not associated with BMD changes. Antiosteoporosis medication directly predicted periodontal disease and systemic bone status. Women with FRAX® score above the intervention threshold had higher chance for periodontitis in more advanced stages: III/IV (OR = 1.13, 95% CI [1.04 to 1.22], p = 0.03). Periodontal disease did not constitute a predictor for reduced systemic bone density in the studied population of elderly women. On the other hand, FRAX® demonstrated to be a useful tool to suggest periodontal evaluation. Antiresorptive medication showed benefits on periodontal and bone status.

This longitudinal study aimed to elucidate whether systemic bone fragility predicts severe periodontal clinical attachment loss (CAL) and tooth loss over the years and to test the influence of bone medication and periodontal maintenance in these relationships. Elderly women were evaluated for bone mineral density (BMD) and for fracture risk assessment (FRAX) in a cross-sectional analysis and retrospective follow-up (6- and 10-y periods). Data on BMD and FRAX were used as indicators of bone fragility in structural equation modeling. Periodontal examination and data on postmenopausal tooth loss were recorded. Multivariate Poisson regression models with robust covariance were used to estimate relative risk (RR) and 95% CI of BMD and FRAX for sites with CAL ≥6 mm and for tooth loss. The cross-sectional analysis included 134 women aged 65 to 80 y, and from them 71 and 49 women had available data for analysis in the 6- and 10-y follow-up periods, respectively. Bone fragility predicted severe CAL over 10 y (e.g., femoral neck: 10-y analysis, β = −0.389, P = 0.005; cross-sectional, β = −0.190, P = 0.004); however, this association did not remain significant when the use of bone medication was evaluated. Poisson regression showed that a better skeletal condition was associated with a lower risk of severe periodontal disease and tooth loss (cross-sectional femoral neck: RR = 0.08, P < 0.001; RR = 0.03, P < 0.001, respectively) when not adjusted for bone medication and periodontal maintenance. The receiver operating characteristic curve suggested that women with osteoporosis should be referred for periodontal assessment (sensitivity = 71.0%, specificity = 70.0%). Bone fragility is a relevant longitudinal predictor of severe periodontal disease and tooth loss among elderly women. The use of bisphosphonates improved the bone condition as well as the periodontal status. Periodontal maintenance also minimized the negative impact of low BMD on teeth-supportive tissues in the studied population.Knowledge Transfer Statement: The results of this study present evidence that the management of bone fragility and osteoporosis may be important in the prevention of periodontal attachment loss and future tooth loss. Besides the antiresorptive effects of the antiosteoporosis drugs on systemic bone conditions, these medications may protect periodontal tissues. The interaction of health care professionals such as dentists and physicians represents a key role for the approach to women’s health, especially in an aging world.

We introduced a regioselective and atom-economical procedure for the synthesis of 3-substituted indoles by annulation of nitrosoarenes with ethynyl ketones. The reactions were carried out achieving indoles without any catalyst and with excellent regioselectivity. No traces of 2-aroylindole products were detected. Working with 4-nitronitrosobenzene as starting material, the 3-aroyl-N-hydroxy-5-nitroindole products precipitated from the reaction mixtures and were isolated by filtration without any further purification technique. Differently from the corresponding N-hydroxy-3-aryl indoles that, spontaneously in solution, give dehydrodimerization products, the N-hydroxy-3-aroyl indoles are stable and no dimerization compounds were observed.

Due to the importance of studying alternatives to reduce pepper post-harvest loss and verify the processing potential of the several cultivars/varieties available, the objective of this study was to characterize common peppers in Brazil, and to evaluate their potential for further processing into jelly form. More specifically, the most-consumed species and varieties in Brazil were investigated, that is: Habanero, Cheiro do Norte, Biquinho, Malagueta, Cayenne, Paprika and Dedo de Moca. Additionally, the drivers of liking for pepper jelly were sought so as to understand the desirable characteristics of this product. The different peppers were initially assessed by the following physical and physicochemical analyses: length, diameter, unit mass, total soluble solids, total titratable acidity, pH, color, total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and vitamin C levels. Jellies made with different pepper types were also analyzed for total titratable acidity, pH, color, and texture profile, and a sensory study was conducted to elucidate the drivers of liking. As expected, different pepper types varied in physical and physicochemical properties, and the resulting jellies also differed in terms of physical, physicochemical, textural and sensory characteristics. In general, less pungent peppers (Biquinho, Paprika and Cheiro do Norte) were the most suitable for processing to produce jellies with more desirable attributes for consumers: reddish color, characteristic flavor and aroma of a pepper, sweet taste, and low pungency.

A library of new heterocyclic systems was synthesized starting from oxcarbazepine (OXC, Trileptal®, 10-oxo-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine- 5-carboxamide). The key for these transformations is the a-enolizable ketone present on the [d]-side of our starting material OXC, thus, an in depth investigation of the literature to find heteroannulation reactions for substrates carrying an a-enolizable ketone gave us a boost to discover an excellent derivatization strategy and [3+2], [4+2] and [4+1] approaches were successfully developed. Almost always a pre-functionalization was needed, but also the direct one-pot heterocycle construction was also explored. © 2013 by the authors.

This study investigated whether osteoporosis and its treatment may affect periodontal condition in elderly women. The findings highlighted that women with osteoporosis had a higher chance to present severe periodontitis than women with normal bone mineral density (BMD), particularly those who were not treated for osteoporosis.This study investigated whether osteoporosis increases the frequency and severity of chronic periodontitis in elderly women and evaluated the influence of vitamin D and osteoporosis treatment in the periodontal condition.In this cross-sectional study, elderly women were selected among 1266 subjects evaluated for lumbar spine and proximal femur bone mineral density (BMD) using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Sociodemographic, clinical characteristics, and complete periodontal examination were recorded. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were measured by chemiluminescence.Forty-eight elderly women with normal BMD and 86 with osteoporosis were selected. Women with osteoporosis presented higher frequency of sites with clinical attachment level ≥6 mm (p = 0.003) and gingival recession ≥3 mm (p = 0.002) than those with normal BMD and were more than twice as likely to present severe periodontitis (odds ratio (OR) = 2.49, 95 % CI [1.14 to 5.43]). Osteoporotic women who were not treated for the condition had more chance to present severe periodontitis (OR = 3.16, 95 % CI [1.28 to 7.82]) than those who did use bisphosphonates (OR = 2.04, 95 % CI [0.85 to 4.89]). Among the participants who presented low levels of vitamin D, those with osteoporosis exhibited a higher chance to present severe periodontitis than those with normal BMD (p = 0.027), but the association between vitamin D levels and osteoporosis was not statistically significant after adjustment (p = 0.198).Elderly women with osteoporosis have a greater chance to present periodontitis, with higher severity than those with normal BMD. Osteoporosis treatment provides protection for periodontitis.