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Two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), is one of the key pests in cucumber cultivation, especially under protected conditions. The net houses and poly-net houses provide favourable environment for the multiplication of spider mite populations. The active stages of T. urticae suck cells sap which produces yellowish-white specklings on leaves and in severe infestations on the fruits. To promote non-chemical approach for mite management, studies on the efficacy of biorationals against T. urticae on net house cucumber were undertaken at Ludhiana, India. Cucumber variety Punjab kheera-1 was transplanted in February, 2021 and the crop was raised as per university recommended cultural and management practices for production of cucumber. The trial was conducted in a double-door, naturally ventilated net house structure made of galvanized iron pipes covered with ultraviolet stabilized 40 mesh size net and an arc-shaped dome. The trial was laid out in randomized block design with each of the concentration of the biorationals as one treatment with three replications each for all the treatments. The maximum and minimum temperature varied from 31oC to 36oC and 16oC to 18oC, respectively, while morning and evening relative humidity varied from 68 to 82% and 20 to 26 %, respectively during this period. There were 10 plants per plot in each treatment, separated by a distance of 50cm between 2 plots to avoid chemical interference owing to drift to adjacent treatments. For foliar applications of different treatments, a battery-operated knapsack sprayer fitted with hollow cone nozzle (40 PSI pressure) was used. Different biorationals including indigeneous ‘gurukul’ products as given in Palekar’s model of organic farming i.e. brahamastra (20 litres cow urine, 2 kg each of neem, mango, guava, castor leaves boiled in 100 litres of water and then filtered), neemastra (5 litres cow urine, 2 kg cow dung, 5 kg neem leaves boiled in 100 litres of water and then filtered), agniastra (20 litres cow urine, 5 kg neem leaves, 500g each of chilli and garlic fruits boiled in 100 litres of water and then filtered), all at the dose of 10, 20 and 30 ml/litre and botanicals viz. PAU homemade neem (Azadirachta indica) extract (PAUHMNE) @ 12, 14, 16 ml/litre, dried neem fruit powder extract (DNFPE) @ 3, 4, and 5%, PAU homemade dharek (Melia azaderach) extract (PAUHMDE) @ 12, 14, 16 ml/litre, dried dharek fruit powder extract (DDFPE) @ 3, 4 and 5%, and water spray along with untreated control were evaluated. The different indigenous products and botanicals were prepared freshly. Two sprays of the treatments were given at weekly interval, with the first spray at the appearance of 20–25 % mite infestation on plants. Observations were recorded from randomly selected three leaves each from top, middle and bottom canopies. The number of active stages of mites were recorded before the treatment, 1, 3, 5 and 7 days after each spray (DASI and DASII). The data were subjected to square root transformation and analyzed statistically following Analysis of Variance. The results were interpreted at 5 per cent level of significance using Tukey’s test. The number of mites before treatment ranged from 31.00 to 36.67 mites/ 2 cm leaf area in different treatments. Significantly lower mean number of mites was observed in agniastra (9.78), PAU HMDE (9.67), neemastra (10.67), DNFPE (11.47), DDFPE (12.22), brahamastra (12.67) and PAU HNE (13.11) at highest doses after 3 DASI and 5 DASI, compared to the untreated control (35.66 and 36.22). After the second spray of the biorationals, mean number of mites in PAU HNE (14.33), neemastra (14.67), PAU HMDE (15.17), DNFPE (15.33), DDFPE (16.17), agniastra (16.50), brahamastra (18.83) were observed at highest doses after 3 DASII and 5 DASII. No phytotoxicity was observed in any treatment. Seeing the overall results, it can be concluded that these botanicals and indigenous products can be incorporated in integrated mite management programme which will help in reducing the pesticide load and promoting organic cultivation of the vegetable crops.

Two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a serious limiting factor in sustainable production of many crops including vegetables, fruits and ornamentals in protected and open field conditions across the globe. Presently, acaricides are the only option to manage this mite pest. In conventional crop management systems, development of resistance necessitates further applications of acaricides, increasing the use of chemicals and the cost of production of a particular crop; thus becoming a cause of concern to the scientific community. T. urticae is the most notorious species in terms of the total number of pesticides to which its populations have become resistant and is reported to have impaired field control efficacy of all established chemical groups of acaricides, including the organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids, chlorinated hydrocarbons, mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors (METI) and other acaricides with novel modes of action. Detoxifying enzymes and resistant genes play major roles in imparting resistance. The paper reviews the acaricide resistance status and the underlying mechanisms of various classes of acaricides against T. urticae.

This paper aims at theoretical evaluation of enhanced self-Kerr nonlinear coefficient in multilevel X-conformation of 87Rb atom. The coupled density matrix equations are numerically solved by iterative perturbation method to obtain first- and third-order probe response spectra. It is found that large self Kerr nonlinearity with reduced absorption is obtained at the positions of Electromagnetically induced transparency regions. The maximum value, sign as well as slope of self-Kerr nonlinearity can be manipulated via adjusting detuning parameter corresponding to the strong electromagnetic (e.m.) fields. The controllability of Kerr nonlinear index finds usage in numerous applications like optoelectronic devices, quantum computing and so on. It is also elucidated that Kerr nonlinearity can be escalated by inculcation of Doppler effect.

Introduction and objectives Nose is considered to be a conspicuous feature of human face. Its different parameters like shape, size, nasal angles etc may indicate one's gender, age, race, adapted climatic conditions, and the environment to which one belongs to. Furthermore, it is an important component and determinant of an individual's physical outlook and appearance. The current study provides a new approach for the assistance of anthropologists and forensic experts in human identification and sex determination from the nasal angles. Methodology The study was performed on a total of 500 subjects (250 males and 250 females) belonging to north India (Mandi, Himachal Pradesh State). In comparison to the classical and manual methods for nasal angle measurements, an automated approach was followed in the present study. A Windows-based software called tpsDig2 was used for nasal angle measurements by utilization of the landmarks (nasion, pronasale, subnasale, and alare). Three nasal angles (nasal prominence angle, inter-alar angle, and nasal tip angle) were measured in all the subjects and each measurement was repeated thrice to reduce the measurement error and increase the specificity and efficiency of the results. Discriminant function statistics was used for determination of sex from different nasal angles. Results and conclusion The results of the statistical analysis (ANOVA) performed using SPSS reveal the significant difference between males and females in all the 3 repeated measurements of nasal angles. The final discriminant classification statistics show that 64% of original grouped cases have been correctly classified and the designed statistical model can be used in several forensic scenarios for the sex determination on the basis of the available nasal angles. The study may be further useful in the identification cases pertaining to facial reconstruction. The investigation may also be helpful in providing specific correlation of the nasal angles with the other parts of the face in the cases of remodelling and reformation of craniofacial alterations and reconstructions in plastic surgery and aesthetics.

Concordance of multiple anthelmintic resistances for gastrointestinal nematodes in small ruminants by three average-based and two individually based fecal egg count reduction (FECR) tests was evaluated and corrected. Sheep and goats (≥ 8 weeks) from five farms were randomly assigned to three treatment groups (I, II, III; n = 10 per group) and one untreated control group (Group IV; n = 10). Group I received fenbendazole at the dose rate of 5 and 10 mg/kg, Group II received ivermectin at the dose rate of 0.2 and 0.4 mg/kg, and Group III received levamisole at the dose rate of 8 and 12 mg/kg body weight orally for sheep and goat, respectively. Three average-based methods of FECR (FECR1, FECR2 and FECR3) and two individually based methods of FECR (iFECR1 and iFECR2) were evaluated. For fenbendazole resistance, Spearman correlation coefficient for FECR1 was non-significant with other formulae, but for FECR2 with FECR3, FECR3 with iFECR1 and iFECR1 with iFECR2 coincidence was significant at 1%, while for FECR2 with iFECR2 and FECR3 with iFECR2 it was significant at 5%. Spearman correlation coefficients for ivermectin resistance were significant at 1% level and for levamisole it showed significant coincidence at 1% for FECR1 with FECR2 and iFECR1, FECR2 with FECR3 and iFECR1, and iFECR1 with iFECR2, while for FECR1 with FECR3 and iFECR2 coincidence was significant at 5% level. Concordance of kappa values indicated that the coincidence of the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance (95% CI) among the five farms was non-significant. Concordance between the standard average-based FECR and individually based methods suggests that either method could be applied to small ruminant farms.

Two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) atom localization is analyzed by monitoring the probe absorption spectrum in a microwave driven X-type scheme. It is found that for both stationary and moving atom cases, the precision and certainty in atomic position can be significantly improved by proper adjustment of the system parameters. Our results also reveal that the high microwave field strength curbs the Doppler broadening effect to a large extent and enhances detection probability to 100% in 2D and 3D subspace at nonzero temperatures. Our proposed scheme may be helpful for experimental realization of high precision position measurement and atom nanolithography at room temperature.

Iron deficiency anaemia is the most common nutritional deficiency disorder in the world. Iron deficiency is a potential complication in repeated apheresis donation. The present study was aimed to evaluate serum iron stores in regular plateletpheresis donors.A total of 60 donors were included in this study, which included 30 regular plateletpheresis donors as cases and controls were 30 first time donors. The donor samples were collected before donation for complete hemogram, transfusion transmissible infections screening and serum iron, total iron binding capacity, percentage saturation of transferrin and serum ferritin.Out of 60 donors, more than half of the donors (56.6 %) had serum ferritin less than 30 ng/mL. Out of these 34 donors, 25 were from the case group and 9 donors in the control group. The median serum ferritin level in cases and controls was 11.86 ng/mL (Interquartile range 4.18-17.34 ng/mL) and 37.92 ng/mL (Interquartile range 27.87-86.20 ng/mL) respectively (p0.001). The mean serum iron in cases and controls was 71.23 ± 31.32 μg/dL and 93.53 ± 33.53 μg/dL respectively (p = 0.016). The mean percentage saturation in cases and controls was 20.09 ± 9.31 % and 26.26 ± 9.03 % respectively (p = 0.012). A significant decline in mean serum ferritin with increase in number of annual donations and decrease in donation interval was observed.Regular plateletpheresis donation may lead to depletion of iron stores and subclinical iron deficiency. Donors with high platelet count are more likely to exhibit iron deficiency. Periodic serum ferritin estimation in donors participating in regular plateletpheresis donation is warranted.

Treatment of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome cases is challenging right from establishing correct and timely diagnosis to execution of management protocol. A seven-year-old male child from poor socioeconomic status was admitted with chief complaints of fever, 3 episodes of vomiting and passage of cola coloured urine. Based on clinical and laboratory findings, diagnosis was established. However, ADAMTS13 levels and genetic studies required for diagnosis could not be performed due to financial constraints and non-availability of these tests. TPE kits were arranged from charitable organizations. Six TPE procedures were performed using Cobe Spectra cell separator. Central venous catheter was placed in femoral vein. TPE kit was primed with compatible packed red blood cells before each procedure. Patient was non-cooperative and irritable in first three procedures and was sedated. A total of 1300 ml plasma was exchanged in each procedure with group specific fresh frozen plasma. After second TPE procedure, patient started improving with decrease in plasma discoloration and periorbital edema. Renal function tests along with hematological parameters became normal after 6th TPE procedure. Patient was discharged in a stable condition. On follow up, C3 levels were normal with adequate platelet count and normal renal functions suggesting complete remission.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligatory apicomplexan, intracellular, ubiquitous, eurykaryotic zoonotic pathogen that infects all warm blooded animals and recognized worldwide as one of major causes of infectious abortions and reproductive failure in small ruminants Methods: In the present study, 823 small ruminants (245 sheep, 578 goats) evaluated for T. gondii infection by ELISA to explore seroprevalence and spatial distribution of toxoplasmosis from different agro-climatic zones of Punjab. Result: A high seroprevalence (40.58%) of T. gondii recorded in small ruminants being higher in sheep (42.85%) than goat (39.60%). Seropositivity of toxoplasmosis in sheep and goat with history of abortion was found to be 63.80 and 50.00%, respectively. Goats with the history of abortion were 1.72 times more at risk (Cl =1.15-2.56) to T. gondii infection as compared to animals without the history of abortion (Cl =0.39-0.86). Similarly, sheep with the history of abortion were 2.74 times more at risk (Cl =1.31-5.71) to toxoplasmosis as compared to sheep without abortion history (Cl= 0.17-0.76). Goat and sheep farms with frequent access to cats were 2.03 times (CI =1.05-3.90) and 4.04 times (Cl =1.78-9.14) more at risk, as compared to farms with limited cats access. Spatial distribution and predictive seroprevalence analysis indicate possible risk of toxoplasmosis in whole of the state with higher possibility of disease in agroclimatic zones III, IV and V.

Background: Head and neck (HN) cancer is the 7th most common cancer and 7th leading cause of cancer death worldwide with approximately 930,000 new cases and 470,000 deaths in 2020.1 HN squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) accounts for around 90% of HN cancers.2 Options for first-line treatment of patients (pts) with recurrent/metastatic (R/M) HNSCC include cetuximab (anti-epidermal growth factor receptor) in combination with (+) platinum-based chemotherapy (CT) and 5-fluorouracil (5- FU), or immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy with single-agent pembrolizumab (anti-programmed cell death-1) or + CT and 5-FU.3-5 Pts who progress on/after CT may receive single-agent cetuximab, ICI pembrolizumab, or ICI nivolumab.3 However, treatment for pts who progress on/after ICI is not clearly defined and rechallenge is not recommended. Thus, there is a need to assess combination immunotherapy approaches. In a Phase 2 study, monalizumab (anti-NKG2A) + cetuximab combination therapy showed encouraging antitumor results in pts with R/M HNSCC who received prior CT and an ICI.6 INTERLINK-1 (NCT04590963) is a Phase 3 global study evaluating the efficacy and safety of monalizumab + cetuximab in pts with R/M HNSCC previously treated with CT and an ICI. Methods: Approximately 624 pts will be randomized 2:1 to monalizumab + cetuximab or placebo + cetuximab until disease progression or another discontinuation criterion is met. All pts will be followed for survival after discontinuation. Eligible pts will have measurable R/M HNSCC (per RECIST v1.1) of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx or larynx, which is not amenable to curative therapy and has progressed on/after previous CT. They will have received 1-2 prior systemic regimens for R/M HNSCC, had prior treatment with a PD-(L)1 inhibitor, an ECOG performance status of 0 or 1, and must provide a fresh/recently acquired tumor sample. Key exclusion criteria include prior cetuximab therapy for R/M HNSCC, autoimmune/inflammatory disease or any concurrent anticancer treatment. The primary objective is overall survival (OS) in human papillomavirus-unrelated pts. Key secondary objectives include OS in all randomized pts, progression-free survival, objective response rate, duration of response, disease-related symptoms, functioning and quality of life, pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability. Study enrollment is ongoing at 210 sites in 25 countries. References: 1. Sung et al. CA Cancer J Clin 2021; 71: 209-49 2. UICC. Head and Neck Cancer. 2014. who.int 3. NCCN®. Head and Neck Cancers. 2021. nccn.org/guidelines 4. Machiels et al. Ann Oncol 2020; 31: 1462-75 5. Keam et al. ESMO Open 2021; 6: 100309 6. Cohen et al. J Clin Oncol 2020; 38 (15 suppl): Abst 6516. Study Sponsor: AstraZeneca. Citation Format: Jérôme Fayette, Tanguy Seiwert, Robert L. Ferris, Kevin Harrington, Robert Haddad, Makoto Tahara, Lisa Licitra, Lillian L. Siu, Jean-Pascal Machiels, Malgorzata Dominiewska, Julia Xiong, Paramjit Kaur, Dario Ruscica, Roger B. Cohen. INTERLINK-1: A phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, global study of monalizumab in combination with cetuximab in patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma previously treated with an immune checkpoint inhibitor [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr CT236.

We theoretically investigate the linear and nonlinear optical properties of a five-level atomic system interacting with multiple electromagnetic fields. The relevant optical Bloch equations are numerically solved via iterative formalism to procure first- and third-order susceptibilities. Our numerical computations reveal that the switching field’s strength can be used as a knob to get either single or multiple transparency windows. It is also identified that colossal Kerr nonlinearity exists within the optical EIT dips. Furthermore, we found that the position, sign and magnitude of self-Kerr index can be manipulated by merely adjusting the Rabi frequency of switching field. We also resort to double dressed state mechanism in order to justify our numerical results. Our findings are of particular interest in multi-channel communication, quantum computation and designing of optical devices.

To conduct comparative epidemiology of parasitologically positive (patent) and polymerase chain reaction positive (latent) cases of bovine babesiosis in Bet Region (low-lying areas adjoining Sutlej, Beas, Ravi, and Ghaggar rivers of Punjab) of diverse agroclimatic zones of Punjab state in relation to haematobiochemical parameters as patho-physiological markers, blood samples from 783 dairy animals (487 buffaloes and 296 cattle) were analysed parasitologically by Giemsa-stained blood smears (GSBS) and by molecular-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting SpeI-AvaI restriction fragment of Babesia bigemina. We ruled out the endemicity of the disease with 2.17% patent and 3.96% latent cases of B. bigemina with significantly higher prevalence (P < 0.01) in cattle than buffaloes. The spatial distribution for a guideline to local veterinary practitioners and policy-makers indicated highest number of patent and latent cases in western zone and undulating plain zone, respectively. District wise highest prevalence of patent as well as latent infection observed in SBS Nagar of undulating plain zone showed substantial agreement (Kappa value: 0.70) between the two techniques. Haematology revealed marked microcytic hyperchromic anaemia in patent animals of group I (GSBS positive; n = 17) and latent animals of group II (PCR positive; n = 14) as compared to disease-free controls (group III; n = 10). Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in group I in comparison to group II and group III indicated comparative pathogenic effect of babesiosis in patent cases. Though patent cases showed higher pathogenicity of babesiosis, diagnosis of latent infection is significant as it may act as source of infection for spread to other highly prone bovines.

Considering the availability of a vast array of fluorescence-based bioimaging agents, BODIPY probes are the cynosure of current times and fluorophores worthy of great admiration and attention owing to the promise that they offer in advancing the otherwise nascent, non-invasive diagnostic tool of clinicians: bioimaging. The identification and quantification of analytes in solutions, in vitro or in vivo using BODIPY probes have been shown with remarkable success. In this review, we have surveyed very representative and recent (2014 onwards) developments in the application of BODIPY probes to bioimaging and this should be a useful update to existing reviews on this topic.

OBJECTIVE Black emerging adult women (ages 18-25 years) are among the fastest growing demographics of HIV infection, second only to men who have sex with men. Black women account for nine of 10 new HIV cases, whereas 84% of these cases are reported to be from heterosexual contact with infected male partners. Heterosexual Black college women (BCW) have been nearly ignored in the HIV literature despite having shared (e.g., risky alcohol use, multiple and concurrent sex partnerships, and inconsistent condom use) and unique (e.g., segregating dating practices and high sexually transmitted infection rates) risk factors when compared with broader college student demographics. METHOD This conceptual paper uses a multiple risk factor framework to underscore shared and unique risk factors that may work to increase the potential HIV infection risk burden in this understudied population. CONCLUSIONS Prevention and intervention implications and recommendations for future research that have potential to impact the ways in which colleges, universities, and researchers engage this population are presented. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Cluster-decay half-lives ( T 1 / 2 c , th ( s ) ) of even–even nuclei are calculated employing interaction potential involving Coulomb and proximity potentials and, the obtained results are compared with the experimental ones. In order to study cluster radioactivity in even–even superheavy nuclei (SHN), we evaluate the required disintegration energies (Q c -values) utilizing periodic-orbit theory within microscopic-macroscopic formalism and hence, predict the logarithmic values of T 1 / 2 c , th 's for even–even 298−312Og and 296−310120 nuclei. Among various isotopes of daughter nuclei, products produced with minimum value of Gibbs free energy are chosen for our investigation. Also, an analysis of the branching ratios enables us to determine the dominant mode of decay among α − decay, spontaneous fission (SF) and cluster-decay in these SHN. The emissions of 90Kr from 298Og and 94Sr cluster from 296,298120 SHN are found to be the dominant mode of decay. Our results are in agreement with those obtained using UDL method except for few cases. We believe that this work can play a significant role in the experiments leading to identification of exotic nuclei.

Interestingly, neutral tetrathia[22]porphyrin(2.1.2.1) (TTP) acts as an efficient chemosensor for the detection of Hg2+ ions at ppb concentration. Consequent to binding the molecular plane of TTP bends and it has been supported by the DFT calculations. A rise in levelling off tail is observed in the electronic absorption spectrum in the presence of Hg2+ ions, which is suggestive of metal induced macrocyclic self-assembly and is further substantiated by the SEM, TEM and particle size measurement studies.

The present paper intends to illuminate some of the very sensitive issues of the present day scenario of children who are not interested in physical activity but rather prefer to stay indoors in order to play games on mobiles, laptops or watch televisions. The basic problem is sedentary lifestyle which creates havoc with the health of growing children and as result restricts their psychological and social development. Several critical elements that are necessary to develop and maintain a healthy mind and body have been put forth. The paper suggests that sports and physical activity should be encouraged. It is essential for parents to recognize that sports in the form of physical activity is important in structuring the psyche and personality of children who are the future of a nation. An attempt has been made to show that when a child perfects a skill he has been working at he learns to push himself self in a healthy manner. Instead of taking short cuts, the child learns to take the baseline skill, practices it, and achieves the level of success he is striving for. This cycle is one that can later help in taking their careers and to help manage stress and all the things life can throw at them.

We report a 2-(4-amino-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole based Schiff-base, found to be sensitive to the presence of HSO4− and I− ions as demonstrated by modulation of the various photophysical properties in the presence of these ions in solution and biological enviornments (nematodes). Various spectroscopic and TD-DFT calculations have revealed that while the molecular probe detects HSO4− ions via hydrolytic cleavage and subsequent emission enhanced mechanism, the detection of I− ions is accomplished via the formation of intermolecular charge transfer complex and the subsequent heavy atom quenching mechanism. Additionally the potential of the probe for the on site detection of vapours of ethylacetate at workplaces has been demonstrated.

Introduction and objectives Face recognition plays an important role in the field of biometrics, bioinformatics, and forensic identification. Human faces appear bilaterally symmetric. However, asymmetry is a norm in the human body and careful morphological and metric examination of the human face gives an exact idea of the asymmetry present in the face of an individual. Most of the studies on asymmetry of human face have been carried out with regard to evaluation of expressions in psychology, anthropology, and biometrics. In this preliminary study, an idea of the human face symmetry has been used for complete facial reconstruction. Sometimes, in the CCTV cameras and other surveillance systems, the complete face is not visible, but only a half of the frontal face is detectable. In all such cases, the mirror image of the face can be used to reconstruct the complete face of the person in question for representation-based face recognition. In previous studies related to forensic identification and in the discipline of computer science, mirror images have only been used to overcome and deal with the problem of nonsufficient training sample and have not been used for the reconstruction of the full facial profile. Methodology In this article, we present a computerized methodology to generate the mirror image from one frontal half of the face (either left or right) and merging the both (input image and generated mirror image) halves to create the full face. The program was designed using METLAB computer program. This procedure is very simple, less time-consuming, and computationally efficient. Results and conclusion The results have been presented with regard to generate a complete face in those cases where only one frontal profile, that is, left or right sides of the face is available for examination. The scenario is commonly seen in those cases also where shadow almost hides one half of the face. The proposed methodology would also be useful for improving other facial reconstruction and recognition methods in forensic identification and in other medical fields such as plastic surgery, where creating full face still poses a technical challenge to a plastic surgeon. Some challenges, limitations, and future perspectives of the method have also been discussed in the article.

The face is an important part of the human body by which an individual communicates in the society. Its importance can be highlighted by the fact that a person deprived of face cannot sustain in the living world. The amount of experiments being performed and the number of research papers being published under the domain of human face have surged in the past few decades. Several scientific disciplines, which are conducting research on human face include: Medical Science, Anthropology, Information Technology (Biometrics, Robotics, and Artificial Intelligence, etc.), Psychology, Forensic Science, Neuroscience, etc. This alarms the need of collecting and managing the data concerning human face so that the public and free access of it can be provided to the scientific community. This can be attained by developing databases and tools on human face using bioinformatics approach. The current research emphasizes on creating a database concerning literature data of human face. The database can be accessed on the basis of specific keywords, journal name, date of publication, author's name, etc. The collected research papers will be stored in the form of a database. Hence, the database will be beneficial to the research community as the comprehensive information dedicated to the human face could be found at one place. The information related to facial morphologic features, facial disorders, facial asymmetry, facial abnormalities, and many other parameters can be extracted from this database. The front end has been developed using Hyper Text Mark-up Language and Cascading Style Sheets. The back end has been developed using hypertext preprocessor (PHP). The JAVA Script has used as scripting language. MySQL (Structured Query Language) is used for database development as it is most widely used Relational Database Management System. XAMPP (X (cross platform), Apache, MySQL, PHP, Perl) open source web application software has been used as the server.The database is still under the developmental phase and discusses the initial steps of its creation. The current paper throws light on the work done till date.

Objective: This study explores the impact racism has on the drinking behaviors of Black college women. Little is known about Black college women's experience of racism and the impact racism has on their psychological wellbeing and drinking behaviors. The current study fills a gap in our understanding of the role racism plays in the risky drinking behavior of Black college women. Participants: 469 Black college women ages 18–29 were sampled from 8 colleges and universities across the US, in 3 waves from December 2014-August 2017. Results: Findings suggest that general life stress and perceived racism are significantly associated with alcohol use among Black college women. However, only increased experiences of racism increase Black college women's engagement in risky drinking. Conclusions: The findings of this study serve as an entry point for a more nuanced assessment of stressors among Black college women that may inform drinking behaviors in this population.

We report a 2-(4-amino-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole based Schiff-base, a potential excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) chromophore, exhibits aggregation induced emission enhancement (AIEE) in the solvent mixture of DMSO:HB. The presence of Cu2+ ions promote imine hydrolysis resulting the formation of Cu2+ complex of 2-(4-amino-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole, with the consequent cessation of the emission process leading to “turn-off” detection of Cu2+. The introduction of PO43− ions revived fluorescence emission through decomplexation of the putative Cu2+ complex, thereby releasing 2-(4-amino-2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole in the solution. Additionally, we have successfully demonstrated the practical application of the probe by developing the portable sensor paper strips.

In the present study, glycolic acid and choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were prepared and applied to explore its capability for Eriochrome black T (EBT) dye extraction from aqueous solution, not reported earlier, using liquid-liquid micro-extraction. The effects of pH, DESs dose and dye concentration on%Extraction efficiency were studied and reported. To explore its extraction capability, the partition coefficient were also calculated. Furthermore, molecular interaction between EBT dye and DESs were explored to understand the extraction mechanism. DESs prepared exhibited high viscosities (>200 cP) showing the presence of extensive hydrogen bond between the components of DES. High density of DESs prepared (1.31–01.41 g cm−3) (comparable to ionic liquids), indicates its suitability as solvent for the extraction processes. It was observed that EBT dye molecule in zwitterionic form preferred to be partitioned in DES, while in anionic form in water.

A new fluorene based probe (FTH) has been evaluated for its photo-physical properties in solution as well as in the aggregated state/viscous environment. Addition of a poor solvent (water) to the solution of the probe in a good (acetonitrile) solvent significantly enhanced the otherwise weak emission due to aggregation induced emission (AIE). The emission enhancement is also related to the increase in viscosity of the solution, leading to the restricted intramolecular rotation of the peripheral (phenyl) groups. Interestingly, the emission behaviour of the non-emissive in-situ formed Cu2+ complex is drastically modulated in the presence of water. The solution of the putative Cu2+ complex of the probe turns highly emissive (yellow colour) upon addition of a small fraction of water (up to 7.6 wt %), but the yellow emission diminishes upon increasing higher water fraction. We propose that the initially formed Cu2+ complex undergoes hydrolysis in the presence of higher water content releasing the free amine possessing the diaryl amino rotors thus rendering the solution non-emissive. Thus the current probe being reported herein discloses its potential to generate trace water sensitive turn-on Cu2+ complex. Additionally, the bio-imaging potential of FTH for live cancer cells and its sensitivity towards intracellular presence of Cu2+ ions has been demonstrated.

With the continued advancement in technology, there is a rise in the development and utilization of mobile health applications (mHealth apps) that claim to be using eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) theory and techniques to facilitate the therapeutic process. However, there are concerns regarding the quality of these apps and the safety of clients who may be using them, particularly for those who may present with complex posttraumatic conditions and associated comorbidities. Hence, this study evaluates current EMDR apps to determine their purpose, potential benefits, and risks when used by clients and/or clinicians. Twelve apps were found to be eligible for evaluation and are rated on applicability, validity, accuracy, and usefulness. Currently, our review concludes that none of the EMDR apps are recommended for use by a client. Only 6 of the 12 apps would be recommended for use by a trained clinician as a tool to aid with EMDR treatment, provided the clinician were able to offer a safe environment that could adapt to the selected technology. Risks of using EMDR apps include safety concerns with unregulated use, particularly for clients with complex posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and comorbid conditions, such as dysregulated emotions or cognitions, and concerns regarding cyber security and data privacy. Clinical implications for the use of technology and mHealth apps are discussed, and recommendations for the development of an ideal EMDR app for the future are provided.

In this work, we have designed and synthesized a new fluorescent molecular probe, DPY comprising of pyrene-diacetylpyridine conjugate, which was found to be sensitive to hydrazine as well as protonation. DPY is characterised by a strong emission both in solution (λem = 530 nm) as well as in solid state (λem = 610 nm), attributed to intramolecular charge-transfer. The probe responds to hydrazine with a ratiometric fluorescence emission change from yellow to blue, due to chalcone cyclisation reaction of α, β-unsaturated carbonyl group resulting in the pyrazoline compound, DPY-Hy, imparting a strong greenish-blue emission in solution. Further, the strong fluorescence emission of DPY in powder and thin film was quenched upon exposure to TFA, and revived upon exposure to TEA. For developing on-site detection protocol, when DPY was drop-casted on nonfluorescent silica plate a vivid naked-eye colour change from orange-red to dark blue was realized. Interestingly, in the aggregated state, DPY exhibited a broad range emission from green to orange in a mixed solvent system of THF:H2O. A plausible explanation of the photophysical events is substantiated with theoretical calculations.

A field experiment was carried out to examine the effect of potash and sulphur on yield and quality parameters under different planting methods in onion (Allium cepa L.) during Rabi 2014 and 2015. The experiment consists of 8 treatment combinations viz. 2 planting methods (bed and flat), 4 treatments of fertilizer viz. S1-N100 P50 K0 S0 (control), S2 - N100 P50 K50 S0, S3 - N100 P50 K0S40, S4 - N100 P50 K50 S40. The experiment was laid in factorial randomized block design and replicated thrice. Uniform dose of farm Yard manure (50 t ha-1) was applied to all the treatments. Data on plant height (cm), leaves /plant (No.), neck thickness (mm), fresh bulb weight (g), fresh bulb yield (q ha-1), total soluble solids (T.S.S), sprouting (%),rotting (%) and physiological weight loss (%) at 30 and 90 days after of harvest were recorded . It has been observed that planting methods and fertilizer treatments showed significant difference at 5% level of significance for plant height (cm), neck thickness (mm), fresh bulb weight (g), fresh bulb yield (q ha-1),total soluble solids (T.S.S), sprouting(%), rotting(%) and physiological weight loss (%) at 30 days after harvest. However their interaction was significant for Neck thickness (mm), fresh bulb yield (q ha-1) and rotting (%).It was found that application of potash and sulphur with recommended dose of Nitrogen and phosphorus gave better results in relation to yield as well as quality characters. The results revealed that application of potash and sulphur with recommended dose of nitrogen and phosphorus (S4 - N100 P50 K50 S40 ) gave better results in relation to yield (339.6 q ha-1) as well as quality characters like sprouting (2.38 %) and rooting (12.18 %) and physiological weight loss at 30 and 90 days of harvest(10.22 and 20.50 % respectively).

A new propargylated cyanostilbene has been synthesized and was found to be sensitive to Pd 2+ ions over the other metal ions tested, with a significantly lower detection limit of 9.3 ppb under mild conditions. The sensing protocol proceeds via palladium catalyzed depropargylation reaction. The probe was also explored for its potential to detect Pd 2+ in human urine and blood samples. The noted significant % age of spiked recoveries in both cases depict promising potential of 3 for practical application. Importantly, the reported sensing protocol is first time employed for the detection of Pd 2+ ions from biological fluids.

Fine tuning and switching the electronic properties of ferrocene chromophores has been an area of considerable significance and a plethora of new ferrocene-based chromophores with new properties are continually being reported in the current literature. Depending upon the oxidation state of the iron metal center and/or on the chemical constitution, the ferrocene unit in its chromophore behaves as an extremely strong donor or acceptor. This property has been extensively used in fine-tuning the electronic properties of organometallic chromophores. Suitably functionalized push-pull chromophores (D-π-A) in which an electron donor (D) ferrocene is connected by a π-conjugated spacer to a strong electron acceptor (A), have gathered significant interest for their synthesis, (spectro)electrochemical, and switchable optical and second-order nonlinear optical properties. These materials exhibit structure-based large second-order optical nonlinearities and are potentially useful for applications related to telecommunications, optical computing, optical storage, and optical information processing. In this review, these aspects of ferrocene chromophores have been presented and structure-property correlations have been drawn.

We report a versatile cyanostilbene-boronate probe, which shows fluorescence emission enhancement in ethanol:HEPES buffer, attributed to aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE), and detects hydrogen peroxide in solution, thin films as well as in industrial samples. The sensing protocol relies on the peroxide mediated transformation of the arylboronate moiety to phenol, and is well supported by various spectroscopic techniques and the theoretical studies. Industrial application, with no precedence, is unique as it can overcome inherent limitations of the qualitative determination method currently used in chemical processing industry.

We report a pyrene-thiophene based probe having twisted conformation with quenched emission, which detects Hg2+ ions in solution as well as in hydrogel. The sensing protocol relies on the conformationally restricted intramolecular rotations leading to the emission enhancement. We also explored the optical properties of the molecular probe at solvent mixtures of different THF and H2O ratios and subsequently monitored the sensing of Hg2+ at more appropriate ratio. Further, addition of the molecular probe to the Hg2+ cholate hydrogel is attended by a gel to sol phase transition, disclosing its potential to decontaminate the Hg2+ contaminated soft materials.

We present a theoretical model, using density matrix approach, to study the effect of weak as well as strong probe field on the optical properties of an inhomogeneously broadened multilevel V-system of the Rb-87 D2 line. We consider the case of stationary as well as moving atoms and perform thermal averaging at room temperature. The presence of multiple excited states results in asymmetric absorption and dispersion profiles. In the weak probe regime, we observe the partial transparency window due to the constructive interference that occurs between transition pathways at the line center. We present our results after carrying out Doppler averaging at room temperature atomic vapor and observe that the line width of transparency window is enhanced, whereas the positive slope of corresponding dispersion curve become less steep. In the presence of strong probe field, the transparency window (with normal dispersion) at line center switches to enhanced absorption (with anomalous dispersion). Here, we also present the dependence of electromagnetically induced transparency on the polarization of applied fields. In the end, we present transient behavior of our system which agrees with corresponding absorption and dispersion profiles. This study may help to understand optical switching and controllability of group velocity.

Introduction: Yoga postures can be effective way to regularize immune functions. Nasobronchial allergy appears when immune mechanisms go haywire and start behaving autonomously. Yoga has been used in many centers in India to cure asthma and other allergic ailments. This systematic prospective control trial study was done on school going children of Amritsar District., India. Material & Methods: Study done on 150 school going 8-14 year old children taken from Paediatrics ward of GND hospital, Amritsar. 75 children were included in study group and another 75 children were taken as controls. Both study and control group was further divided into three groups each. Sub-group-A- Allergic Rhinitis, Sub-group-B- Bronchial Asthma, Sub-group-C- Allergic Rhinitis and Bronchial Asthma both. Study group were taught certain Yoga postures like Virassna, Stupassna etc. and were followed for 6-12 weeks and results were recorded at 0, 6 and 12 weeks. Pulmonary functions tests were done on computerized spirometer. Results: In sub-group A and B highly significant (p

The face is an important part of the human body, distinguishing individuals in large groups of people. Thus, because of its universality and uniqueness, it has become the most widely used and accepted biometric method. The domain of face recognition has gained the attention of many scientists, and hence it has become a standard benchmark in the area of human recognition. It has turned out to be the most deeply studied area in computer vision for more than four decades. It has a wide array of applications, including security monitoring, automated surveillance systems, victim and missing-person identification and so on. This review presents the broad range of methods used for face recognition and attempts to discuss their advantages and disadvantages. Initially, we present the basics of face-recognition technology, its standard workflow, background and problems, and the potential applications. Then, face-recognition methods with their advantages and limitations are discussed. The concluding section presents the possibilities and future implications for further advancing the field.

Tobacco usage is harming the health, the treasury and the spirit of Saudi Arabia. Every year, more than 7000 of its people are killed by tobacco-caused diseases. Still, more than 20,000 children and 3,352,000 adults continue to use tobacco each day. Likewise, the usage of electronic (e)-cigarette is also increasing; this could be because of the publicity and marketing strategies adopted by the manufacturers of these products which are attracting the younger population. This review was taken up to determine the usage and attitude toward e-cigarette smoking among the Saudi population through the analysis of literature. This review identified peer-reviewed articles using several search terms and databases from 2010 to 2018. PubMed, ISI-Web of Science, Medline and Google Scholar were searched using the following alternate terms for e-cigarettes: electronic cigarettes, electronic nicotine delivery systems following which hand search was conducted through the reference list of articles. The search results only found descriptive data on these e-cigarettes among the Saudi population. This literature review reported that the usage of these e-cigarettes was high among this population and recorded a wide variety of reasons for using e-cigarettes. Reducing tobacco use, considering e-cigarette as less harmful, less addictive, for pleasure and peer influence, lower cost and curiosity were the most commonly reported reasons. Recognizing the dangerous impact of smoking and usage of other type of tobacco, the aggressive marketing of these e-cigarettes needs to be controlled.

Herein, we report a benzothiazole based probe which exhibits aggregation induced emission in mixed solvents, v/v THF : water system. The blue emission observed in the solution is ascribed to the enolic emission of the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) prone benzothiazole chromophore, as the aggregation induced by the protic solvent, water, is expected to restrict the phototautomerization of the probe to the keto form which generally emits in the red region. However, the green emission observed in the solid aggregated state is ascribed to its keto emission, as in the solid state the ESIPT process is activated owing to stable intramolecular hydrogen bonding, giving a keto-aggregation induced emission (AIE) coupled emission. The aggregation process is evident from the particle size and the change in morphology predicted by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively, in the aggregated state. Interestingly, the emission in the solution, as well as the solid state, is convincingly mimicked in the fluorescence imaging of various live cancer cells and plant roots.