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A fast skin clearance is the main goal to achieve in psoriasis treatment. Patients that present a fast and exceptional improvement with treatment are called super-responders (SR). There is no consensus on the definition of SR with respect to psoriasis. Included herein is a retrospective analysis of a multicenter, observational study of real clinical practices including patients with moderate-to-severe plaque PSO undergoing treatment with Guselkumab (GUS). This cross-sectional analysis includes information on patients between February 2019 to February 2022. A SR is a patient that achieved a PASI = 0 at weeks 12 and 24. Analyses have been performed “as observed” using GraphPad Prism version 8.3.0 for Windows (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA, USA, At baseline, the PASI is significantly correlated with VAS_pruritus, BSA, and DLQI, while DLQI is significantly correlated with VAS_pruritus. Significant correlations increase in number and magnitude over the follow-up time. In relation to the univariate logistic models carried out, only three variables showed a significant association with the super-responder variable: depression, VAS_pruritus, and DLQI.SR patients, who show a faster evolution in PASI and BSA improvement than non-SRs. Based on the results obtained, it would be possible to also include DLQI and VAS_pruritus in the broader concept of the SR.

Knowledge of animal dispersal patterns is of great importance for the conservation and maintenance of natural populations. We here analyze juvenile dispersal of the poorly studied Black-shouldered Kite (Elanus caeruleus) monitored in southwestern Spain in an ongoing long-term study initiated in 2003. The European population of Black-shouldered kites is thought to be a recent one funded by colonizing African birds, as no kites have been found in the European fossil record, and the breeding population has progressively expanded to the North in the late 20th and 21st centuries. We obtained information on movements behavior during dispersal from 47 juveniles Kites after marking 384 nestlings with wing tags and three nestlings with radio transmitter. We have tested two competing hypotheses (i.e., the Resources Competition Hypothesis and the Wandering Hypothesis (WH)) that may explain the leptokurtic distribution of the natal dispersal distance in Elanus. After independence, juvenile females dispersed farther from the natal areas than males, as is common in birds. On average, males and females dispersed from their natal areas over 9 (i.e., 26.15 km) and 15 (i.e., 43.79 km) breeding territories, respectively. A male and two females dispersed further than 100 km from their natal nest. Our results indicated some evidence supporting the competition-for-resources hypotheses since nestlings hatched from high quality territories stayed closer from natal areas than nestlings hatched from low quality territories and also nestlings hatched first within the brood also tend to recruit closer to their natal area than later hatched nestlings which tend to disperse further away from their natal area. The information provided by these crucial demographic parameters will be used for the elaboration of future conservation plans for the management of this colonizing species in Europe.

Ante una ciencia mal-tratada desde su interior, un ojo enajenado y confundido en su visión, un ser humano cansado y desconfiado de la misma explicación, un mundo necesitado de comprensión y cuidado, ante unos cuantos insistentes de vivir en unos tiempos y espacios fragmentados, aparece la necesidad de escuchar de nuevo a lo propio, a lo primero y fundante como fuerza de transformación. Así, las siguientes letras reconocen un camino fenomenológico y contemplativo en la Gran Madre, la Hytcha Guaia, la Pachamama, el primer gran útero, matriz sagrada que alimenta y nutre lo humano en toda su manifestación. Para la psicología, saber de psyque, de alma, su tarea también está en mirarse, recuperarse y a través de un logos trascendente, integrativo, volver a la sensible y sentida escucha de lo divino como curación, por ello su afirmación a lo mágico, chamánico, potente y sagrado del conocimiento telúrico (de tierra), a la medicina que en ella habita y su sanación. La propuesta es el gran camino de andar la tierra, de sentir, escuchar y estar en conciencia de raíz, un camino de cuidado que constata en cada ritual y experiencia la fuerza espiritual de nuestro saber ancestral indígena como primera y perenne ciencia.

Pulmonary surfactant (PS) is a lipid–protein complex that forms films reducing surface tension at the alveolar air–liquid interface. Surfactant protein C (SP‐C) plays a key role in rearranging the lipids at the PS surface layers during breathing. The N‐terminal segment of SP‐C, a lipopeptide of 35 amino acids, contains two palmitoylated cysteines, which affect the stability and structure of the molecule. The C‐terminal region comprises a transmembrane α‐helix that contains a ALLMG motif, supposedly analogous to a well‐studied dimerization motif in glycophorin A. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential interaction between SP‐C molecules using approaches such as Bimolecular Complementation assays or computational simulations. In this work, the oligomerization state of SP‐C in membrane systems has been studied using fluorescence spectroscopy techniques. We have performed self‐quenching and FRET assays to analyze dimerization of native palmitoylated SP‐C and a non‐palmitoylated recombinant version of SP‐C (rSP‐C) using fluorescently labeled versions of either protein reconstituted in different lipid systems mimicking pulmonary surfactant environments. Our results reveal that doubly palmitoylated native SP‐C remains primarily monomeric. In contrast, non‐palmitoylated recombinant SP‐C exhibits dimerization, potentiated at high concentrations, especially in membranes with lipid phase separation. Therefore, palmitoylation could play a crucial role in stabilizing the monomeric α‐helical conformation of SP‐C. Depalmitoylation, high protein densities as a consequence of membrane compartmentalization, and other factors may all lead to the formation of protein dimers and higher‐order oligomers, which could have functional implications under certain pathological conditions and contribute to membrane transformations associated with surfactant metabolism and alveolar homeostasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The weave presented here comes from recognizing in the mestizo root that spins our lineages as a race as American / Colombian people, the telluric and indigenous foundation that inhabits in us as a possibility of healing. Thus, the task of walking for years in the Colombian indigenous territory, its myths, traditions and rituals, has allowed the understanding of men sown spiritually on earth, in its pregnant womb, in the Hytcha Guaia. As a bridge to join a cosmogonic, mystical, epistemological, philosophical and psychic debate, the pretension is to return to the wisdom of our grandparents and grandmothers, to transcend the linear perspective, homogeneous and fractionated views of the academy, reality and health. A path of remembrance for the spiritual and original wisdom of fathers and mothers, who in their deepest, transforming and heartfelt senses bring men closer to becoming more humanistic.

El objetivo del presente ensayo es descubrir las diferencias y similitudes en el perfil sociodemográfico de las mujeres que participan en las distintas organizaciones civiles. Lo anterior, debido la creciente participación de las denominadas organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG) en la vida económica, política y social de México que aparecen como un rasgo distintivo de la última década de este siglo. Para cumplir dicho objetivo, en un inicio se describen las diferencias entre las organizaciones civiles en función de sus formas de interacción entre la sociedad, el Estado y la Iglesia, así como el tipo de objetivos que se han fijado. Posteriormente se presenta un apartado sobre quiénes son las mujeres y la reconstrucción de su identidad.

TLC has traditionally been used to analyze lipids isolated from membrane complexes. Here, we describe a method based on the combination of TLC and SDS-PAGE to qualitatively analyze the protein/lipid profile of membrane complexes such as those of lung surfactant. For this purpose, native lung surfactant was applied onto a silica TLC plate in the form of an aqueous suspension, preserving not only hydrophilic proteins associated with lipids but also native protein-lipid interactions. Using native membrane complexes in TLC allows the differential migration of lipids and their separation from the protein components. As a result, (partly) delipidated protein-enriched bands can be visualized and analyzed by SDS-PAGE to identify proteins originally associated with lipids. Interestingly, the hydrophobic surfactant protein C, which interacts tightly with lipids in native membrane complexes, migrates through the TLC plate, configuring specific bands that differ from those corresponding to lipids or proteins. This method therefore allows the detection and analysis of strong native-like protein-lipid interactions.

Se presentan los resultados obtenidos de la investigación La calidad de vida en pacientes con catarata senil atendidos en Nuevitas de junio a diciembre del 2016, con el objetivo de demostrar su impacto social. Para el estudio descriptivo, longitudinal, prospectivo realizado se seleccionaron 65 pacientes (65 ojos), los cuales constituyen la muestra. Para medir el impacto se aplicó una planilla de recolección de datos y el cuestionario de calidad de vida relativa a la visión (QOLQ-15) pre y postoperatoria. Se concluye que todos los pacientes fueron operados con un deterioro visual y funcional marcado, luego de la cirugía se logró una recuperación visual satisfactoria, con mejor calidad de vida que revela valores altamente significativos desde el punto de vista clínico, psicológico y social que contribuyeron a la reincorporación de estos ancianos a la sociedad.

This work is focused on the potential use of pulmonary surfactant to deliver full-length recombinant human surfactant protein SP-D (rhSP-D) using the respiratory air-liquid interface as a shuttle. Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a collectin protein present in the pulmonary surfactant (PS) system, involved in innate immune defense and surfactant homeostasis. It has been recently suggested as a potential therapeutic to alleviate inflammatory responses and lung diseases in preterm infants suffering from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) or bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). However, none of the current clinical surfactants used for surfactant replacement therapy (SRT) to treat RDS contain SP-D. The interaction of SP-D with surfactant components, the potential of PS as a respiratory drug delivery system and the possibility to produce recombinant versions of human SP-D, brings the possibility of delivering clinical surfactants supplemented with SP-D. Here, we used an in vitro setup that somehow emulates the respiratory air-liquid interface to explore this novel approach. It consists in two different compartments connected with a hydrated paper bridge forming a continuous interface. We firstly analyzed the adsorption and spreading of rhSP-D alone from one compartment to another over the air-liquid interface, observing low interfacial activity. Then, we studied the interfacial spreading of the protein co-administered with PS, both at different time periods or as a mixed formulation, and which oligomeric forms of rhSP-D better traveled associated with PS. The results presented here demonstrated that PS may transport rhSP-D long distances over air-liquid interfaces, either as a mixed formulation or separately in a close window time, opening the doors to empower the current clinical surfactants and SRT.

Con la aprobación de la Directiva Europea 1937/2019, de 23 de octubre, que los países de la Unión Europea han de transponer en el plazo de dos años desde su publicación, todas las empresas, así como las entidades públicas de más de cincuenta trabajadores, estarán obligadas a implementar un canal de denuncias. Es objeto de este artículo sintetizar las principales novedades que introduce esta norma, destacando la importancia de alcanzar inicialmente un consenso sobre la definición misma del informador. En España, la falta de regulación expresa de esta figura hasta el momento ha conllevado la búsqueda de soluciones por parte de la doctrina en la teoría general del delito, así como en otras disciplinas del derecho, ante las dificultades que han surgido con el uso de los canales de denuncia dentro de las empresas que optaron por incorporar un programa de compliance. Finalmente, abordaremos algunos de los problemas que plantea la transposición de la Directiva desde la óptica de su compatibilidad con el compendio de derechos y garantías que informan el proceso penal. En esa línea, se propone una armonización de la aparente exoneración de responsabilidad del whistleblower de nuevo cuño con el Código Penal vigente, también focalizada en la necesidad de dotar de garantías a las investigaciones internas para preservar la validez de la prueba que se pueda obtener con las mismas.

Dentro de los ambientes violentos en los que los sistemas urbanos latinoamericanos y mexicanos están sumergidos, las mujeres son las más desfavorecidas. Muchas de ellas son privadas de su libertad en cárceles, donde los movimientos y cuidados de sus cuerpos se ven controlados. Hanin[1] tuvo la oportunidad de aproximarse a esta realidad de encierro mediante la invitación de la Colectiva Hermanas en la Sombra que trabaja con la escritura creativa de las internas en el estado de Morelos (México) como medio de libertad. Lo que Hanin propone, a partir de este acercamiento y de su experiencia previa con el proyecto Germinando, es trabajar con el cuerpo en movimiento, a partir del taller Somos Semilla; con la finalidad de provocar empatía y motores de cuidado y libertad de sus cuerpos, sus territorios más inmediatos; transformando los espacios en los que se desenvuelven limitadamente en su cotidiano entre cuatro paredes. [1] Es una palabra de origen árabe que significa: “anhelo/nostalgia”. http://www.hanin.com.mx/

Vernacular architecture is an important part of Cultural Heritage and, as such, appears within heritage and urban policies and regulations. However, it lacks specifi c conceptualization, which generates many confl icts related to its study and conservation. From a cultural and humanistic perspective, this paper proposes a redefi nition of Vernacular Architecture and a methodology for its study according to that meaning.

One of catastrophic origin deposits associated with the Cretaceous / Paleogene limit in Western Cuba is the Cacarajícara formation. The sedimentological characteristics of the materials present in three no very visible outcrops of the mentioned formation are specified in the article with the purpose of clarifying the deposition of materials, after the impact of the Chicxulub asteroid at the end of the Cretaceous. Several methods were applied: bibliographic review, field work and megascopic description of rocks, which includes the petrographic and micropaleontological analysis of its components. As a result, a more exact approximation to the deposition conditions of these materials after the impact was obtained and its relation with the geological events, which revealed an interpretation of the existing palaeoenvironmental conditions from the study of the sedimentary processes.

Yaminawa seem impelled to a constant displacement, sometimes to visit relatives living in distant villages, sometimes to get some temporary employment and to buy goods in town. In the present article, I argue that this incessant movement along a socially and emotionally (rather than geographically) conceived space has a dilemmatic experience of kinship as its driving force. This experience of kinship has productive and social dimensions as well as emotional ones. This text presents an ethnographical description of such dilemmas and raises some considerations about the meaning Yaminawa give to the concept of Comunidad Nativa as a territorially, socially and legally defined entity.

Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis (IGD) was first described in 1993 by Ackerman as a cutaneous reactive disease in patients with arthritis. Since then, numerous cases associated with different hematological and rheumatic disorders have been reported. IGD is a polymorphic entity that usually involves the upper part of the trunk. Histologically, it is defined as a diffuse dermal histiocytic infiltrate of different densities surrounded by fragmented collagen. We report the case of a 56-year-old man with pruritic papules affecting neck, proximal arms and thorax associated with weight loss and chronic fatigue for six months. Two punch biopsies were taken and the specimens showed lymphohistiocytic interstitial infiltrates with fragmented collagen and elastic fibers in dermis. IGD was diagnosed as first manifestation of a rare chronic myeloproliferative hematologic disorder (cMPD) with rearrangement of beta-receptor for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGFRB). After two months of imatinib, lesions regressed completely.

Introducción: Estudios de nutrición en México apuntan en tres direcciones: la obesidad, como un problema de salud pública, particularmente en la población femenina; el aumento de otros padecimientos como anorexia y bulimia; y el incremento de la preocupación por el cuerpo, que lleva a transformar algunas prácticas y representaciones alimentarias no solo en población urbana, sino en mujeres de las zonas rurales. Objetivos: tener un primer acercamiento a la percepción corporal de las mujeres de las zonas rurales, conocer cómo son, cómo se perciben y cómo les gustaría ser, e identificar algunas de sus representaciones alimentarias. Material y Métodos: Se estudiaron 564 mujeres de 13 comunidades rurales, se les pesó y midió, y se les aplicó un cuestionario. Resultados: Según el IMC, 33% de las mujeres fueron clasificadas con normopeso; 9.6% con delgadez; 29.4% con sobrepeso; y 28% con obesidad. Las mujeres se percibieron más delgadas, a diferencia de otras investigaciones, y les gustaría ser más delgadas. Discusión: Se resalta la elevada prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad de las mujeres de estas zonas. El “desagrado hacia su cuerpo”, relacionado con el aspecto estético, muestra un aumento en la preocupación por el cuerpo en mujeres de las comunidades rurales. Conclusiones: Se considera que la inclusión de temas como la percepción y el ideal corporal en los programas de alimentación y nutrición es relevante para prevenir trastornos de la alimentación. De igual manera, los significados que tienen para las mujeres el acto de comer o no comer determinados alimentos o productos “buenos para transformar el cuerpo” son centrales para la programación de las acciones o estrategias en este campo.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are polyesters produced intracellularly by many bacterial species as energy storage materials, which are used in biomedical applications, including drug delivery systems, due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study, we evaluated the potential application of this nanomaterial as a basis of inhaled drug delivery systems. To that end, we assessed the possible interaction between PHA nanoparticles (NPs) and pulmonary surfactant using dynamic light scattering, Langmuir balances, and epifluorescence microscopy. Our results demonstrate that NPs deposited onto preformed monolayers of DPPC or DPPC/POPG bind these surfactant lipids. This interaction facilitated the translocation of the nanomaterial towards the aqueous subphase, with the subsequent loss of lipid from the interface. NPs that remained at the interface associated with liquid expanded (LE)/tilted condensed (TC) phase boundaries, decreasing the size of condensed domains and promoting the intermixing of TC and LE phases at submicroscopic scale. This provided the stability necessary for attaining high surface pressures upon compression, countering the destabilization induced by lipid loss. These effects were observed only for high NP loads, suggesting a limit for the use of these NPs in pulmonary drug delivery.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

En este trabajo analizamos las construcciones causales registradas en un corpus oral de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, elaborado en el marco del PRESEEA (Proyecto de estudio sociolingüístico del español de España y de América). Tras realizar una propuesta de clasificación de los enunciados causales, profundizamos en el análisis de las distintas fórmulas empleadas para la expresión de cada tipo de causal y comparamos nuestros resultados con las construcciones descritas en la teoría gramatical.

Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA (MPS IIIA) is a lysosomal storage disease with significant neurological and skeletal pathologies. Respiratory dysfunction is a secondary pathology contributing to mortality in MPS IIIA patients. Pulmonary surfactant is crucial to optimal lung function and has not been investigated in MPS IIIA. We measured heparan sulphate (HS), lipids and surfactant proteins (SP) in pulmonary tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and surfactant activity in healthy and diseased mice (20 weeks of age). Heparan sulphate, ganglioside GM3 and bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) were increased in MPS IIIA lung tissue. There was an increase in HS and a decrease in BMP and cholesteryl esters (CE) in MPS IIIA BALF. Phospholipid composition remained unchanged, but BALF total phospholipids were reduced (49.70%) in MPS IIIA. There was a reduction in SP-A, -C and -D mRNA, SP-D protein in tissue and SP-A, -C and -D protein in BALF of MPS IIIA mice. Captive bubble surfactometry showed an increase in minimum and maximum surface tension and percent surface area compression, as well as a higher compressibility and hysteresis in MPS IIIA surfactant upon dynamic cycling. Collectively these biochemical and biophysical changes in alveolar surfactant are likely to be detrimental to lung function in MPS IIIA.

This article studies the new weapon systems that can transform the notion itself of “armed conflict” in the classic sense of the term. The author deeply analyzes the differences between concepts such as robot, droid, android, UAS and UCAS, the new military hardware, and how will be the combat aircrafts of the future with systems of artificial intelligence, the field robotics, as well as the interaction between men and machines in the future combat and, finally, the revolution that the employment of this type of weapons cause in the traditional concepts of Humanitarian Law and self-defense right. The author concludes with a few reflections on the role that the newest technologies have to play necessarily in the conventional and unconventional warfare and the influence that its use will produce when these weapons will be considered “normal” in the whole world system.

Abstract Pulmonary surfactant (PS) reduces surface tension at the air-liquid interface in the alveolar epithelium of the lung, which is required for breathing and for the pulmonary maturity of the developing foetus. However, the origin of PS had never been thoroughly investigated, although it was assumed to be secreted from the foetal developing lung. Human amniotic membrane (hAM), particularly its epithelial cell layer, composes the amniotic sac enclosing the amniotic fluid. In this study, we therefore aimed to investigate a potential contribution of the cellular components of the hAM to pulmonary surfactant found in amniotic fluid. We identified that cells within the native membrane contain lamellar bodies and express all four surfactant proteins as well as ABCA3. Lipidomic profiling by nanoESI – MS/MS revealed the presence of the essential lipid species as found in PS. Also, the biophysical activity of conditioned cell culture supernatant obtained from hAM was tested with captive bubble surfactometry. hAM supernatant showed the ability to reduce surface tension, similar to human PS obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage. This means that hAM produces the essential PS-associated components and can therefore contribute as second potential source of PS in amniotic fluid aside from the foetal lung.