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This study was performed to investigate the anthelmentic (nematodes) effect of garlic in Swiss albino mice naturally infected with Aspiculuris tetraptera. Natural infection was determined by the use of cellophane tape method on the perianal region and by the technique of centrifugal flotation of stool samples. The infected mice were divided into three groups; namely, Group 1: garlic treatment groups (n: 18), Group 2: positive control (treated with ivermectin, n: 19) and Group 3: untreated control group (n: 19). The mice in Group 1 were given orally freshly crushed garlic homogenates every day for 7 days. The animals in Group 2 were treated with ivermectin intramuscular at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg body weight. The mice in Group 3 received only serum physiologic orally. After 8 days of administrations, all mice were killed humanely using inhalation anaesthesia and then the parasites in the intestine were counted. It was observed that garlic and ivermectin were 91.24 % and 78.03 % effective against A. tetraptera in naturally infected mice, respectively. Results obtained from this study were compared statistically and differences were found to be significant (p < 0.001). It was found that garlic was efficient along the duration of the treatment in mice. Garlic may be useful as an alternative treatment against nematode parasites in animals and human. This article includes a new research using Allium sativum anthelmentic effect on mouse and has been patented.

Aim of this paper is to revise social aspect of dog fighting. For centuries usually dog fighting has been principally enjoyed by men. Unfortunately, the popularity of this activity has increased. There are three types of dog fighters including street fighters, hobbyists, and professionals. First type of fights is often spontaneous, unorganized, conducted for money, drugs, or bragging rights. At second type, dogs are used for supplemental income and entertainment purposes. The last types are professionals. Professionals breed generations of skilled "game dogs" and take a great pride in their dogs' lineage. Those fighters make a tremendous amount of money charging stud fees to breed their champions. In USA professional fighters also use trade journals to discuss recent fights and to advertise the sale of training equipment and puppies. There are people who promote or participate in dog fighting from every community and background. It is always asked that why people get involved in dog fighting. There are many reasons people are attracted to dog fighting. The most basic is greed. In additional the attraction lies in using the animals as an extension of themselves to fight their battles for them and demonstrate their strength and prowess. The appeal simply seems to come from the sadistic enjoyment of a brutal spectacle.

Aim of this paper is to revise by considering human factor in dog fighting events. There are three types of dog fighters including street fighters, hobbyists, and professionals. Hobbyists and professionals often decry the techniques street fighters use to train their dogs. Street fighters fight dogs over insults, turf invasions, or simple taunts like "My dog can kill your dog”. Urban street fighters generally have several dogs chained in back-yards, often behind privacy fences, or in basements or garages. Hobbyists fight dogs for supplemental income and entertainment purposes. Professionals breed generations of skilled "game dogs" and take a great pride in their dogs' lineage. Professionals also tend to own a large number of dogs which are sometimes 50 dogs or more. Dogfighters often face additional charges related to drug, alcohol and weapons violations as well as probation violations.

Aim of this paper is to summarize historical process of dog fighting which happens almost all over the World. The history of dog fighting reaches to ancient Roman and Chinese civilizations. Historians showed that large-scale human migration, development of trade, and gifts between royal courts of valuable fighting dogs facilitated the spread of fighting dog breeds. Accounts of dog fighting in China date back to 240 A.D.Dog fighting can also be traced back to the Roman Empire. The Etruscan wall paintings dated about 5 th century BC show scenes of bloody competition between human and dogs. Moreover floor mosaics from Libya celebrate the Roman arena slaughters with scenes of humans and dogs working together to spill the blood of a wide variety of other animals such as horses, antelope and wild boar. Romans bred and exported fighting dogs to Spain, France and other parts of Europe until eventually these dogs made their way back to England. A Staffordshire bull terrier was brought to North America and dog fighting became part of North America culture in 1817. Dog fighting had begun to flourish after bull and bear-baiting became illegal in the 1830s.

Surface related multiple attenuation (SRMA) has become a viable method for multiple suppression especially in complex structure where conventional methods may fail. Wave-equation based SRMA approaches generally work in a two-step fashion. In a data driven approach, surface related multiples are first predicted through convolution and integration of seismic data without any prior information about subsurface structures. The predicted multiples are then used to attenuate surface multiples recorded in seismic data. There are several approaches to subtract multiples from the seismic data, such as minimum energy wavelet extraction (Verschuur, 1992; Berkhout 1997), 1D matching filter (Berkhout, 1997), 2D matching filters (Wang, 2003), pattern recognition (Spitz, 1999), prediction error filters (Guitton, 2003). Abma (2002) compared some of these subtraction methods.

This conference paper was published by ÜNAK/URLA Association, 25-26 September 2003, Ankara, Başkent University, Changing Ways in Access to Information and II. Presented at the Medical Information Management and Technologies Symposium.

Autopsy samples of liver and kidney from 43 Turk cadavers obtained from the Department of Forensic Medicine of Bursa City were analysed for cadmium and lead. All subjects were born between 1918 and 1982. The means of cadmium residue levels were found to be 0.63235 - 0.06345 ppm in the liver and 0.8507 - 0.077 ppm in the kidney. The means of lead residue levels were measured as 0.44675 - 0.0591 ppm in the liver and 0.42905 - 0.0528 ppm in the kidney. In addition, the cadavers were grouped according to sex, age and place of dwelling, city or village. Although samples contained both of the metals in their normal levels, it was concluded that these results do not indicate whether both of the metals will be a serious threat to public health in the future.

Islam tarihinde yazdigi eserler ve ortaya attigi fikirlerle isminden soz ettiren âlimlerden biri de Ibn Kayyim’el-Cevziyye (o. 751/1350)’dir. Hicri sekizinci asrin ikinci yarisinda yasamis olan Ibn Kayyim, hayati boyunca Kur’an ve Sunnet perspektifinde toplumu bilgilendirmeyi bir gorev bilmistir. Onun calismalarindan biri de tip alaninda olmustur. Yasadigi donemde bas gosteren hastaliklara karsi toplumu uyarmak amaci ile Hz. Peygamber’in sunnetine istinaden hifzissihha, tedavi yollari ve ilaclarla ilgili onemli malumat kaydetmistir. Biz bu makalemizde Ibn Kayyim’in tibbi konularla ilgili kaydettigi rivayetleri nasil degerlendirdigi uzerinde duracagiz.

In this PhD Thesis, data of some morphological characteristics of Kangal Dogs raised in various parts of Turkey were analyzed. Data collected from 432 male and 303 female, total 735 dogs were examined at 3 different groups as sheep breeders, civil and official dog breeding farms. Collected data were analyzed for sex, coat colour, style of breeding, national and local regions using methods of ANOVA and Duncan. Means of adult weight, withers height, height at rump, body length, heart girth circumference, cannon circumference, ear length, head length, muzzle length, head circumference, limb length, tail length, head width, chest width, abdomen width, chest depth, haunch width at Kangal Dogs were found as 45.9 kg; 74.8, 73.8, 84.5, 86.2, 13.2, 13.5, 30.7, 12.6, 53.8, 35.6, 47.8, 14.3, 19.7, 15.9, 31.6, 22.7 cm respectively. It could be concluded that the real examples of Turkish Kangal Shepherd Dogs could be found in a place where dogs raised by sheep breeders rather than raised at official or civil breeding farms.

Toxoplasmosis is a protozoan infection manifested by systemic findings as well as generalized or localized lymphadenopathy. Although lympadenitis is the most common clinical form, involvement of the intraglandular nodes within the parotid gland found is a rare occurrence during the course of the disease.This unusual form may mimic a parotid mass, and can cause difficulties in differential diagnosis. In this article, a case of intraglandular parotid lymphadenitis which developed due to toxoplasmosis is presented, and the relevant literature is reviewed.

WOS: 000271081400009, This paper investigates phase change phenomena around a horizontal tube during a cooling process of thermal storage. Experiments are performed to investigate the effects of different heat transfer fluid inlet temperatures on ice formation around the tube. Supercooling temperature and the time for the start of nucleation of water are observed by measuring the time variations of temperature profiles at various locations inside the test vessel. The thickness of the ice formed around the tube was measured at different axial positions along the tube during the experiments. A mathematical model to predict ice formation around the tube is proposed. Comparison of the results of the model with that of the experiments showed that the agreement between the two is acceptable, although the model is simple.