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Abstract Objective Models of treatment for adults with severe and enduring eating disorders focus on harm reduction and improving quality of life. However, there is a notable gap in the pediatric literature in this area. The current study set out to assess the perspectives of health professionals regarding clinical care for young people (e.g., ages 10–25 years) with severe and enduring eating disorders, and to explore perceptions about appropriate treatment options for these presentations. Methods Health professionals were invited to complete a two-stage online survey about their experiences with clinical care for pediatric eating disorders through Canadian and Australian professional eating disorder networks. Survey 1 included questions about their experiences in supporting individuals with severe and enduring presentations. Participants who completed Survey 2 reviewed clinical vignettes and shared their perspectives about treatment recommendations and models of care, including for a severe and enduring presentation. Results A total of 85 clinicians responded to questions on Survey 1 about severe and enduring eating disorder presentations. A portion of these respondents (n = 25) also participated in Survey 2. The majority of respondents to Survey 1 reported providing clinical care for pediatric severe and enduring eating disorder presentations. Amongst respondents to Survey 2, there was low consensus amongst respondents for the clinical care that would be most appropriate for young people with a severe and enduring eating disorder presentation. Numerous challenges in models of care for severe and enduring presentations in pediatric settings were raised in responses on Survey 2, with clinicians sharing their awareness of models focusing on quality of life, while also raising concerns about the appropriateness of these models for young people. Conclusions The preliminary results of this study demonstrate that the majority of clinicians report that they have provided care to young people with severe and enduring presentations. There is a clear need for establishing guidance for clinicians working in pediatric eating disorder settings around models of care focused on quality of life. Engagement with interested parties, including those with lived experience, can clarify the development of terminology and clinical pathways for severe and enduring presentations of pediatric eating disorders.

Abstract Much has been written about Adaptive Learning, but does its implementation alone guarantee success? We have found that integrating an Adaptive Learning Strategy with diverse didactic techniques gives better results. The objectives of this exploratory study were to know the impact of the Adaptive Learning Strategy on students’ learning and achievement of disciplinary and transversal sub-competencies in courses supported by an Adaptive Platform in the School of Engineering and Sciences at Tecnologico de Monterrey. The assessment of the students’ and professors’ experience with an Adaptive Learning Strategy evaluated platform’s usability, teaching, learning, and engagement. The study employed a mixed methodological approach, sequential Quant- > Qual, and was quasi-experimental, with control and experimental groups. The courses that participated in the intervention were Computational Thinking, Physics I, Physics II, and Fundamental Mathematical Modeling. The findings indicated that implementing an innovation like Adaptive Learning positively impacts students’ learning and improvement when integrating elements of a flipped classroom, self-regulated learning, and micro-learning into an Adaptive Learning Strategy. The authors also propose an Implementation Model of the Adaptive Learning Strategy that has been designed by the university, implemented, and evaluated successfully.

En este trabajo se busca fijar la identificación correcta de diversos personajes enterrados en la actual capilla de Santa Teresa de la catedral de Santo Domingo de la Calzada, que conforman un grupo familiar que tradicionalmente no ha sido bien identificado, tanto en sus relaciones familiares como en su onomástica, por la historiografía, por ello y gracias a los datos epigráficos y heráldicos vamos a dar ahora una correcta identificación de los mismos.

Abstract Background In reconstructive surgery, improvements are needed in the effective teaching of free flap surgery. There is a need for easily accessible and widely available training without high financial costs or ethical concerns while still providing a realistic experience. Our aim was to develop an appropriate training model for microvascular flaps. Methods We identified pig head halves as most appropriate regarding availability, cost, and realism. These accrue largely by the food industry, so no animals need to be sacrificed, making it more ethical from an animal welfare perspective. We evaluated the suitability as flap donor site and analyzed the vascular anatomy of 51 specimens. Results Anatomical evaluation revealed a reliable and constant vascular anatomy, allowing the design of a flap model that can effectively illustrate the entire process of microvascular flap surgery. The process was divided into 6 key steps. The flap can be harvested after marking the vascular pedicle 5.3 cm from the lateral corner of the mouth. Skin island design and subsequent tissue dissection follow until a fasciocutaneous flap is raised, similar to a radial flap. Upon completion of flap harvesting, it can be freely transferred for defect reconstruction. Microvascular anastomosis can be performed on recipient vessels in the cervical region, and the difficulty can be individually adjusted. Conclusions The developed training model is a reasonable compromise in terms of surgical realism, availability, didactic value, and cost/time effectiveness. We believe it is a powerful and effective tool with high potential for improving surgical education and training.

El objetivo es evidenciar el conocimiento publicado sobre el turismo comunitario a partir de los bienes comunes. Se realizó una revisión documental global y nacional bajo cinco categorías de análisis. Se encontraron casos exitosos en España, Perú, Ecuador, Colombia y México, siendo este último país que sobresale con el mayor número de publicaciones, destacando los estados de Oaxaca y Guanajuato. Se concluye que existe la necesidad de reorientar y fortalecer la investigación académica sobre el turismo comunitario.

La calidad del servicio turístico es un elemento clave para el desarrollo y crecimiento de las empresas, para lo cual es necesaria la información para la toma de decisiones dentro de un mundo competitivo y globalizado. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar las dimensiones y criterios de la calidad del servicio que ofrecen los prestadores turísticos en el Pueblo Mágico de El Fuerte, Sinaloa. La metodología fue cuantitativa, descriptiva y transversal; se basa en un análisis de percepción del servicio prestado a partir de cinco dimensiones con diferentes criterios establecidos en el modelo SERVQUAL y analizados bajo el modelo SERVPERF. Se aplicaron 383 encuestas dirigidas a los turistas y visitantes que consumieron servicios en los diferentes establecimientos; el instrumento constaba de 24 ítems: 22 de ellos para evaluar la calidad del servicio y 2 para conocer la relación precio-servicio y calidad en el servicio de forma general en escala de Likert. El período de aplicación fue entre abril y mayo de 2023. Los resultados indican que, de las cinco dimensiones analizadas para conocer la calidad del servicio, la empatía, seguridad y capacidad de respuesta fueron mejor evaluadas. La mayoría de los encuestados perciben la calidad del servicio como excelente, lo que indica que el destino turístico brinda condiciones aceptables para la experiencia; no obstante, los resultados son una herramienta para la toma de decisiones dirigidas a la mejora continua en los criterios evaluados.

Abstract DNA replication is essential for the proliferation of all cells. Bacterial chromosomes are replicated bidirectionally from a single origin of replication, with replication proceeding at about 1000 bp per second. For the model organism, Escherichia coli, this translates into a replication time of about 40 min for its 4.6 Mb chromosome. Nevertheless, E. coli can propagate by overlapping replication cycles with a maximum short doubling time of 20 min. The fastest growing bacterium known, Vibrio natriegens, is able to replicate with a generation time of less than 10 min. It has a bipartite genome with chromosome sizes of 3.2 and 1.9 Mb. Is simultaneous replication from two origins a prerequisite for its rapid growth? We fused the two chromosomes of V. natriegens to create a strain carrying one chromosome with a single origin of replication. Compared to the parental, this strain showed no significant deviation in growth rate. This suggests that the split genome is not a prerequisite for rapid growth.

Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune and multisystem disease with a high public health impact. Lupus nephritis (LN), commonly known as renal involvement in SLE, is associated with a poorer prognosis and increased rates of morbidity and mortality in patients with SLE. Identifying new urinary biomarkers that can be used for LN prognosis or diagnosis is essential and is part of current active research. In this study, we applied an untargeted metabolomics approach involving liquid and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to urine samples collected from 17 individuals with SLE and no kidney damage, 23 individuals with LN, and 10 clinically healthy controls (HCs) to identify differential metabolic profiles for SLE and LN. The data analysis revealed a differentially abundant metabolite expression profile for each study group, and those metabolites may act as potential differential biomarkers of SLE and LN. The differential metabolic pathways found between the LN and SLE patients with no kidney involvement included primary bile acid biosynthesis, branched-chain amino acid synthesis and degradation, pantothenate and coenzyme A biosynthesis, lysine degradation, and tryptophan metabolism. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that monopalmitin, glycolic acid, and glutamic acid allowed for the differentiation of individuals with SLE and no kidney involvement and individuals with LN considering high confidence levels. While the results offer promise, it is important to recognize the significant influence of medications and other external factors on metabolomics studies. This impact has the potential to obscure differences in metabolic profiles, presenting a considerable challenge in the identification of disease biomarkers. Therefore, experimental validation should be conducted with a larger sample size to explore the diagnostic potential of the metabolites found as well as to examine how treatment and disease activity influence the identified chemical compounds. This will be crucial for refining the accuracy and effectiveness of using urine metabolomics for diagnosing and monitoring lupus and lupus nephritis.

Dissipative light-matter systems can display emergent collective behavior. Here, we report a Z_{2}-symmetry-breaking phase transition in a system of multilevel ^{87}Rb atoms strongly coupled to a weakly driven two-mode optical cavity. In the symmetry-broken phase, nonergodic dynamics manifests in the emergence of multiple stationary states with disjoint basins of attraction. This feature enables the amplification of a small atomic population imbalance into a characteristic macroscopic cavity transmission signal. Our experiment does not only showcase strongly dissipative atom-cavity systems as platforms for probing nontrivial collective many-body phenomena, but also highlights their potential for hosting technological applications in the context of sensing, density classification, and pattern retrieval dynamics within associative memories.

Summary: Background: NOTCH3 encodes a transmembrane receptor critical for vascular smooth muscle cell function. NOTCH3 variants are the leading cause of hereditary cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). While monoallelic cysteine-involving missense variants in NOTCH3 are well-studied in cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), patients with biallelic variants in NOTCH3 are extremely rare and not well characterised. Methods: In this study, we present clinical and genetic data from 25 patients with biallelic NOTCH3 variants and conduct a literature review of another 25 cases (50 patients in total). Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were analysed by expert neuroradiologists to better understand the phenotype associated with biallelic NOTCH3 variants. Findings: Our systematic analyses verified distinct genotype-phenotype correlations for the two types of biallelic variants in NOTCH3. Biallelic loss-of-function variants (26 patients) lead to a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by spasticity, childhood-onset stroke, and periatrial white matter volume loss resembling periventricular leukomalacia. Conversely, patients with biallelic cysteine-involving missense variants (24 patients) fall within CADASIL spectrum phenotype with early adulthood onset stroke, dementia, and deep white matter lesions without significant volume loss. White matter lesion volume is comparable between patients with biallelic cysteine-involving missense variants and individuals with CADASIL. Notably, monoallelic carriers of loss-of-function variants are predominantly asymptomatic, with only a few cases reporting nonspecific headaches. Interpretation: We propose a NOTCH3-SVD classification depending on dosage and variant type. This study not only expands our knowledge of biallelic NOTCH3 variants but also provides valuable insight into the underlying mechanisms of the disease, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of NOTCH3-related SVD. Funding: The Wellcome Trust, the MRC.

The present review has two objectives, the first is to investigate the differences in temperament between Bos indicus and Bos taurus breeds and determining the effects on production due to positive treatment and to compare this with negative HAR, by using the Five Domain Model as framework. The second objective is to discuss potential strategies to achieve better HAR when working with Bos indicus cattle. Bos indicus are more reactive and temperamental than Bos taurus cattle. When human animal relationships (HAR) are evaluated, Bos indicus cattle may react with greater intensity. They may be more likely to develop a negative emotional state, especially in extensively raised Bos indicus cattle that are handled only a few times each year. Bos indicus cattle can have positive emotional states when they have frequent positive interactions with people. Interactions with people, both positive and negative, would be in the fourth Domain of the Five Domains model. Cattle that are more reactive during handling may also have lower weight gain, even when they have abundant feed. This would be in the first Domain of Nutrition. When cattle are handled in races and corrals, injuries may be more likely to occur. Injuries and bruises would be in the third Domain of Health. Injuries could be caused by either poor handling practices by people or poor handling facilities. Yelling or electric prod use would be examples of poor HAR. Second Environmental Domain issues may be broken facilities or slick, slippery floors that are associated with falls.

IntroductionCervical cancer represents one of the main causes of female, cancer-related mortality worldwide. The majority of cancers are caused by human papillomaviruses such as HPV16 and HPV18. As chemotherapeutic resistance to first-line platinum treatment is still a predominant clinical challenge in advanced cervical cancer, novel treatment options including combinatorial therapies are urgently required to overcome chemotherapeutic resistance. Inhibition of A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase (ADAM)-family members, heavily involved in tumour progression of a vast range of solid tumours, strongly improved response to chemotherapeutic treatment in other tumour entities including ovarian cancer.MethodsWe established two- and three-dimensional models derived from three traditional cervical cancer cell lines and ectocervical cancer-derived organoids. Following characterisation, these models were used to investigate their response to cisplatin treatment in the absence and presence of ADAM inhibitors using viability assays and automated live cell imaging.ResultsThe pivotal role of the metalloprotease ADAM17 driving chemotherapy resistance was detectable in all ectocervical cultures irrespective of the model system used, whereas ADAM10 inhibition was predominantly effective only in loosely aggregated spheroids. We showed prominent differences regarding treatment responses between 2D monolayers compared to 3D spheroid and 3D organoid model systems. Particularly, the organoid system, regarded as the closest representation of primary tumours, exhibited reliably the combinatorial effect of ADAM17 inhibition and cisplatin in all three individual donors.DiscussionAs two- and three-dimensional models of the same cell lines differ in their responses to chemotherapy it is essential to validate treatment strategies in more advanced model systems representing the patient situation more realistically. Ectocervical organoids showed reliable results regarding treatment responses closely mimicking the primary tumours and could therefore serve as an important tool for personalized medicine in cervical cancer. These findings strengthen the role of ADAM17 as a potential novel target for combinatorial treatments to overcome chemoresistance in cervical cancer.

El rápido desarrollo de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación –TIC– ha abierto nuevas posibilidades para las prácticas de enseñanza y evaluación en la educación superior. Este estudio cuantitativo, de diseño cuasiexperimental, examina la confiabilidad de la versión en español de una escala para evaluar la aceptación de la evaluación basada en computadora –Computer Based Assessment, CBA– entre estudiantes universitarios. Para llevar a cabo la investigación se utilizaron herramientas de análisis descriptivo, como el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, para evaluar la confiabilidad del Modelo de aceptación de evaluación basada en computadora –Computer Based Assessment Acceptance Model, CBAAM– en una universidad privada de México. La investigación se dividió en dos fases: 1) aplicación de una evaluación con preguntas de respuesta corta evaluadas automáticamente, y 2) análisis de la confiabilidad de la versión final del CBAAM con 84 estudiantes de primer semestre de ingeniería. El CBAAM mostró un coeficiente de consistencia interna alto y estadísticamente significativo (a de Cronbach = 0.9190). Los coeficientes de consistencia interna de las subescalas variaron entre 0.6838 y 0.9325, lo que sugiere que la escala es confiable para su uso en este contexto. Se recomienda aplicar el CBAAM en otros contextos para mayor confirmación.

ABSTRACT The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others.

Long-term energy planning increasingly relies on mathematical models offering quantitative insight to support complex policy decisions. However, the increase in their use has meant the proliferation of tools developed at different institutions, with various scopes, dealing with specific aspects of the economy, the power sector, or the climate, with mismatches in temporal or geographic resolution. All this creates a need for using several models concurrently, integrating them to generate a complete perspective on the implications of policy decisions on the energy transition. This article proposes a methodology to categorize and combine energy models and develop a manipulation strategy to answer a target research question. Thus, it gives a formal structure to tasks carried out informally −and suboptimally- in virtually any energy planning project. This methodology is based on structured modeling, a formal mathematical theory conceived for representing and manipulating models. It assumes a soft-linking approach, meaning the models share information without integrating them within the same platform or code. This framework was developed within the European project openENTRANCE, which will develop, use, and disseminate an open, transparent, and integrated modeling platform for assessing low-carbon transition pathways in Europe.

BackgroundsAlthough allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a potentially curative therapy for hematological malignancies, it can be associated with relevant post-transplant complications. Several reports have shown that polymorphisms in immune system genes are correlated with the development of post-transplant complications. Within this context, this work focuses on identifying novel polymorphisms in cytokine genes and developing predictive models to anticipate the risk of developing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), transplantation-related mortality (TRM), relapse and overall survival (OS).MethodsOur group developed a 132-cytokine gene panel which was tested in 90 patients who underwent an HLA-identical sibling-donor allo-HSCT. Bayesian logistic regression (BLR) models were used to select the most relevant variables. Based on the cut-off points selected for each model, patients were classified as being at high or low-risk for each of the post-transplant complications (aGVHD II-IV, aGVHD III-IV, cGVHD, mod-sev cGVHD, TRM, relapse and OS).ResultsA total of 737 polymorphisms were selected from the custom panel genes. Of these, 41 polymorphisms were included in the predictive models in 30 cytokine genes were selected (17 interleukins and 13 chemokines). Of these polymorphisms, 5 (12.2%) were located in coding regions, and 36 (87.8%) in non-coding regions. All models had a statistical significance of p

Antecedentes: Los esquemas hipofraccionados de radioterapia en cáncer de mama ofrecen desenlaces y toxicidades similares a los convencionales. La piel es el primer sitio de toxicidad, pudiendo observarse radiodermitis en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo no existe una indicación clara de manejo profiláctico cutáneo. Objetivo: Determinar el beneficio de una intervención profiláctica cutánea en el tratamiento hipofraccionado con radioterapia en cáncer de mama. Método: Estudio piloto, experimental, prospectivo, aleatorizado, doble ciego, en el que se incluyeron pacientes con cáncer de mama tratadas con cirugía conservadora y radioterapia hipofraccionada, dosis de 40 Gy en 15 fracciones; se asignaron aleatoriamente para profilaxis cutánea con ácido hialurónico o aloe vera; se utilizó un control histórico de pacientes que no recibieron profilaxis como grupo control. Se realizó análisis de χ2 para la comparación entre los grupos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 29 pacientes, 12 recibieron profilaxis con ácido hialurónico, 8 con aloe vera y 9 del grupo control. Se encontró una mejoría significativa en el grado de radiodermitis observado durante y hasta ocho semanas posterior a la radioterapia. No se encontró diferencia en la presencia de radiodermatitis entre los dos tratamientos profilácticos utilizados. Conclusiones: La profilaxis cutánea en el tratamiento con radioterapia para cáncer de mama es de beneficio respecto a la reducción de la gravedad de presentación de radiodermatitis, sin diferencia respecto a los productos profilácticos utilizados.

Abstract Background Pompe Disease (PD) is a metabolic myopathy caused by variants in the GAA gene, resulting in deficient enzymatic activity. We aimed to characterize the clinical features and related genetic variants in a series of Mexican patients. Methods We performed a retrospective study of clinical records of patients diagnosed with LOPD, IOPD or pseudodeficiency. Results Twenty‐nine patients were included in the study, comprising these three forms. Overall, age of symptom onset was 0.1 to 43 years old. The most frequent variant identified was c.‐32‐13T>G, which was detected in 14 alleles. Among the 23 different variants identified in the GAA gene, 14 were classified as pathogenic, 5 were likely pathogenic, and 1 was a variant of uncertain significance. Two variants were inherited in cis arrangement and 2 were pseudodeficiency‐related benign alleles. We identified two novel variants (c.1615 G>A and c.1076‐20_1076‐4delAAGTCGGCGTTGGCCTG). Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this series represent the largest phenotypic and genotypic characterization of patients with PD in Mexico. Patients within our series exhibited a combination of LOPD and IOPD associated variants, which may be related to genetic diversity within Mexican population. Further population‐wide studies are required to better characterize the incidence of this disease in Mexican population.

Resumen Presentamos la aplicación de la cartografía participativa como propuesta metodológica para el estudio, análisis y socialización del patrimonio cultural. Para ello, se establecieron espacios de diálogo y lazos de confianzas entre la comunidad educativa, referentes locales, municipios y equipo de investigación con el fin de confeccionar un proyecto de educación patrimonial desde una perspectiva colaborativa y transdisciplinar. A partir de esto, se desarrollan diferentes técnicas de cartografía colaborativa para identificar los espacios relevantes, significativos y frecuentados permitiéndonos así reconocer el uso y apropiación del territorio de los estudiantes de las escuelas secundarias de las localidades de Anjullón, Pinchas (Castro Barros) y Sanagasta ubicadas en el extremo nororiental de la provincia de La Rioja (Argentina). De esta manera, las prácticas cartográficas realizadas dieron cuenta de distintas formas de habitar y percibir el espacio y el patrimonio cultural local.

En la actualidad, el liderazgo educativo se enfrenta a desafíos complejos debido a los constantes cambios en el contexto educativo. Este estudio se centra en analizar la evolución y los diferentes estilos de liderazgo, como el transformacional y distribuido, dentro del marco normativo educativo chileno. Se busca comprender cómo estos estilos impactan en el funcionamiento de las instituciones educativas, enfocándose en mejorar tanto el aprendizaje de los estudiantes como el desarrollo profesional de los docentes. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con docentes con más de cinco años de experiencia. Se garantizó el anonimato y el consentimiento informado. Las entrevistas exploraron percepciones sobre liderazgo educativo y su influencia en prácticas docentes y rendimiento académico. Los resultados destacan la importancia del liderazgo instruccional para mejorar la enseñanza y del liderazgo transformacional para inspirar y motivar a la comunidad educativa. Ambos estilos son considerados complementarios y esenciales para un liderazgo efectivo en educación. El estudio subraya la necesidad de formación continua y apoyo para líderes educativos, promoviendo un liderazgo distribuido que mejore la eficiencia organizacional y fortalezca el compromiso de docentes y estudiantes. Políticas educativas deben apoyar modelos de liderazgo inclusivos que fomenten la participación activa y una cultura de aprendizaje continuo.

The present study evaluated the capacity of three Bacillus species to improve health status and growth performance of Nile Tilapia fed with high levels of soybean meal and challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. In vitro experiments showed that β-hemolysin and metalloprotease enzymes were produced by A. hydrophila throughout the exponential growth phase. In vivo experiments showed that 107 colony-forming units (CFUs)/ml of this pathogen killed 50% of control group fishes in 13 days. To evaluate the influence of Bacillus strains on health status and growth performance in Nile Tilapia, 180 fishes (33.44 + 0.05 g) were distributed in 12 tanks of 200 L each, and animals were fed twice per day until satiety. 1) Control group without Bacillus, 2) Bacillus sp1, 3) Bacillus sp2, and 4) Bacillus sp3 groups were formulated containing 106 CFU/g. After 40 days of feeding, the fishes were intraperitoneally injected with 1 ml of A. hydrophila at 2 × 107 CFU/ml, and mortality was recorded. The results showed that cumulative mortality rate was significantly (p< 0.05) lower in the Bacillus sp1 (25%), sp2 (5%), and sp3 (15%) groups, than the control group (50%). Weight gain was also significantly better (p< 0.05) in the Bacillus sp1 (36%), sp2 (67%), and sp3 (55%) groups with respect to the control group (30%). In conclusion, functional diet formulated with high levels of soybean meal and supplemented with Bacillus sp2 could be an alternative to protect Nile tilapia cultures from A. hydrophila infections and improve fish growth performance.

Este trabajo documenta la presencia de Eristalis tenax en un establecimiento lechero de la provincia de Salta. Las larvas de E. tenax, conocidas como "gusanos de cola de rata", se encontraron específicamente en el comedero y la fosa de desechos. La observación de las características morfológicas de la especie permitió su identificación taxonómica. Este hallazgo amplía la distribución geográfica conocida de E. tenax en Argentina. Aunque la importancia médica de estos sírfidos es relativa, se destaca su capacidad de actuar como vectores mecánicos de micobacterias, lo que sugiere la necesidad de controlar sus poblaciones en entornos antropizados. Se enfatiza la importancia de medidas de higiene para prevenir la ingestión accidental de larvas y se sugiere incorporar supervisión en depósitos de agua y piletones de decantación. En conclusión, se subraya la relevancia de reconocer la naturaleza facultativa de esta especie como posible vector y la contribución de su control en las medidas de saneamiento en rodeos afectados.