364 results on '"Nuzzo, Domenico"'
Search Results
102. Frequenze degli aplotipi-1082GA/819CT/592CA della regione promoter del locus IL-10 in campioni di DNA ottenuti da pazienti affetti da Diabete mellito di tipo II
- Author
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SCOLA, Letizia, CRIVELLO, Antonino, CANDORE, Giuseppina, FORTE, Giusi Irma, NUZZO, Domenico, LIO, Domenico, GIACALONE A, TESTA R, CARUSO C, FRANCESCHI C, SCOLA L, CRIVELLO A, CANDORE G, FORTE GI, GIACALONE A, NUZZO D, TESTA R, CARUSO C, FRANCESCHI C, LIO D, and Scola, L.
- Published
- 2005
103. Frequency of polymorphisms of signal peptide of TGF-β1 and –1082G/A SNP at the promoter region of IL-10 gene in a group of patients with carotid stenosis
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CRIVELLO, Antonino, FORTE, Giusi Irma, NUZZO, Domenico, GIACCONI, Robertina, CIPRIANO, Carmelo, CANDORE, Giuseppina, COLONNA ROMANO, Giuseppina, LIO, Domenico, CARUSO, Calogero, GIACALONE A, SCOLA L, MOCCHEGIANI E, CRIVELLO A, GIACALONE A, SCOLA L, FORTE GI, NUZZO D, GIACCONI R, CIPRIANO C, CANDORE G, MOCCHEGIANI E, COLONNA-ROMANO G, LIO D, and CARUSO C
- Published
- 2005
104. Inflammatory Mediators as Biomarkers in Brain Disorders
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Nuzzo, Domenico, primary, Picone, Pasquale, additional, Caruana, Luca, additional, Vasto, Sonya, additional, Barera, Annalisa, additional, Caruso, Calogero, additional, and Di Carlo, Marta, additional
- Published
- 2013
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105. Novel alpha-galactosidase A mutation in a female with recurrent strokes
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Tuttolomondo, Antonino, primary, Duro, Giovanni, additional, Miceli, Salvatore, additional, Di Raimondo, Domenico, additional, Pecoraro, Rosaria, additional, Serio, Antonia, additional, Albeggiani, Giuseppe, additional, Nuzzo, Domenico, additional, Iemolo, Francesco, additional, Pizzo, Federica, additional, Sciarrino, Serafina, additional, Licata, Giuseppe, additional, and Pinto, Antonio, additional
- Published
- 2012
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106. Probiotics and Oral Health
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Bizzini, Bernard, primary, Pizzo, Giuseppe, additional, Scapagnini, Giovanni, additional, Nuzzo, Domenico, additional, and Vasto, Sonya, additional
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- 2012
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107. Are oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction the key players in the neurodegenerative diseases?
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Di Carlo, Marta, primary, Giacomazza, Daniela, additional, Picone, Pasquale, additional, Nuzzo, Domenico, additional, and San Biagio, Pier Luigi, additional
- Published
- 2012
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108. Genetic screening of Fabry patients with EcoTILLING and HRM technology
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Bono, Caterina, primary, Nuzzo, Domenico, additional, Albeggiani, Giuseppe, additional, Zizzo, Carmela, additional, Francofonte, Daniele, additional, Iemolo, Francesco, additional, Sanzaro, Enzo, additional, and Duro, Giovanni, additional
- Published
- 2011
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109. Systemic Immune Responses in Alzheimer's Disease: In Vitro Mononuclear Cell Activation and Cytokine Production
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Pellicanò, Mariavaleria, primary, Bulati, Matteo, additional, Buffa, Silvio, additional, Barbagallo, Mario, additional, Di Prima, Anna, additional, Misiano, Gabriella, additional, Picone, Pasquale, additional, Di Carlo, Marta, additional, Nuzzo, Domenico, additional, Candore, Giuseppina, additional, Vasto, Sonya, additional, Lio, Domenico, additional, Caruso, Calogero, additional, and Colonna-Romano, Giuseppina, additional
- Published
- 2010
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110. Fabry and fmf diseases: more that eyes can see
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Vasto, Sonya, primary, Castiglia, Laura, additional, Nuzzo, Domenico, additional, Rizzo, Claudia, additional, Duro, Giovanni, additional, and Caruso, Calogero, additional
- Published
- 2010
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111. HLA and KIR Frequencies in Sicilian Centenarians
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Listì, Florinda, primary, Caruso, Calogero, additional, Colonna-Romano, Giuseppina, additional, Lio, Domenico, additional, Nuzzo, Domenico, additional, and Candore, Giuseppina, additional
- Published
- 2010
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112. The Relationship between the Transforming Growth Factorβ1 T29C Gene Polymorphism and Left Ventricular Geometry and Function in Hypertensive Subjects
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Scaglione, Rosario, primary, Argano, Christiano, additional, Duro, Giovanni, additional, Di Chiara, Tiziana, additional, Nuzzo, Domenico, additional, Colomba, Daniela, additional, Fiore, Maria Cristina, additional, Corrao, Salvatore, additional, and Licata, Giuseppe, additional
- Published
- 2010
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113. Amino Acid Substitution in Par j 2 Recombinant Allergen and Its Effect on IgE Binding Capacity
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Nuzzo, Domenico, primary, Pizzo, Federica, additional, Albeggiani, Giuseppe, additional, Sciarrino, Serafina, additional, and Duro, Giovanni, additional
- Published
- 2009
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114. Inflammation, genes and zinc in Alzheimer's disease
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Vasto, Sonya, primary, Candore, Giuseppina, additional, Listì, Florinda, additional, Balistreri, Carmela Rita, additional, Colonna-Romano, Giuseppina, additional, Malavolta, Marco, additional, Lio, Domenico, additional, Nuzzo, Domenico, additional, Mocchegiani, Eugenio, additional, Di Bona, Danilo, additional, and Caruso, Calogero, additional
- Published
- 2008
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115. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms and cardiovascular damage in hypertensive subjects: an Italian case-control study
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Colomba, Daniela, primary, Duro, Giovanni, additional, Corrao, Salvatore, additional, Argano, Christiano, additional, Di Chiara, Tiziana, additional, Nuzzo, Domenico, additional, Pizzo, Federica, additional, Parrinello, Gaspare, additional, Scaglione, Rosario, additional, and Licata, Giuseppe, additional
- Published
- 2008
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116. Transforming growth factor β1 T29C gene polymorphism and hypertension: Relationship with cardiovascular and renal damage
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Argano, Christiano, primary, Duro, Giovanni, additional, Corrao, Salvatore, additional, Di Chiara, Tiziana, additional, Nuzzo, Domenico, additional, Colomba, Daniela, additional, Scaglione, Rosario, additional, and Licata, Giuseppe, additional
- Published
- 2008
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117. Inflammatory networks in ageing, age-related diseases and longevity
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Vasto, Sonya, primary, Candore, Giuseppina, additional, Balistreri, Carmela Rita, additional, Caruso, Marco, additional, Colonna-Romano, Giuseppina, additional, Grimaldi, Maria Paola, additional, Listi, Florinda, additional, Nuzzo, Domenico, additional, Lio, Domenico, additional, and Caruso, Calogero, additional
- Published
- 2007
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118. Biology of Longevity: Role of the Innate Immune System
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Candore, Giuseppina, primary, Colonna-Romano, Giuseppina, additional, Balistreri, Carmela Rita, additional, Carlo, Daniele Di, additional, Grimaldi, Maria Paola, additional, Listì, Florinda, additional, Nuzzo, Domenico, additional, Vasto, Sonya, additional, Lio, Domenico, additional, and Caruso, Calogero, additional
- Published
- 2006
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119. Analysis of Candidate Genes in Celiac Disease: A Tool to Identify Life-Threatening Associated Genes?
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Nuzzo, Domenico, primary, Cataldo, Francesco, additional, Forte, Giusi Irma, additional, Scola, Letizia, additional, Crivello, Antonio, additional, Giacalone, Antonio, additional, Accomando, Salvatore, additional, Barbieri, Rainer, additional, Candore, Giuseppina, additional, Caruso, Calogero, additional, and Lio, Domenico, additional
- Published
- 2006
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120. The Relationship between the Transforming Growth Factor β1 T29C Gene Polymorphism and Left Ventricular Geometry and Function in Hypertensive Subjects.
- Author
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Scaglione, Rosario, Argano, Christiano, Duro, Giovanni, Di Chiara, Tiziana, Nuzzo, Domenico, Colomba, Daniela, Fiore, Maria Cristina, Corrao, Salvatore, and Licata, Giuseppe
- Subjects
LEFT heart ventricle ,TRANSFORMING growth factors ,GENETIC polymorphisms ,HYPERTROPHY ,HYPERTENSION ,ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay ,ENZYME activation ,RADIOIMMUNOASSAY ,DISEASE prevalence ,SEVERITY of illness index ,GENETICS ,GENE therapy - Abstract
The distribution of the T29C TGFβ1 gene polymorphism was analyzed in 198 hypertensives with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and in 235 hypertensives without LVH. Circulating TGFβ1 levels, procollagen type III levels, microalbuminuria, and left ventricular geometry and function were evaluated in all the hypertensives with LVH subgrouped according to T29C TGFβ1 gene polymorphism. Circulating TGFβ1 was evaluated by ELISA technique, procollagen type III by a specific radioimmunoassay, microalbuminuria by radioimmunoassay, and left ventricular geometry and function by echocardiography. All groups were comparable for gender, age, and sex. Regarding T29C TGFβ1 gene polymorphism, prevalence of TC or CC genotypes was significantly (P < .05) higher in hypertensives with LVH than hypertensives without LVH TC and CC LVH hypertensives were characterized by a higher prevalence of subjects with microalbuminuria (P < .05 TC and CC versus TT), by increased levels of TGFβ1, procollagen type III, urinary albumin excretion, LVM, LVM/h
2.7 , and lower values of left ventricular ejection fraction (P < .05 TC and CC versus TT). Our data suggest that T29C TGFβ1 gene polymorphism was associated with clinical characteristics adequate to recognize a subset of LVH hypertensives with a higher severity of hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2010
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121. Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Microbiome.
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Wenderlein, Jasmin, Böswald, Linda F., Ulrich, Sebastian, Kienzle, Ellen, Neuhaus, Klaus, Lagkouvardos, Ilias, Zenner, Christian, Straubinger, Reinhard K., and Nuzzo, Domenico
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LABORATORY mice ,GASTROINTESTINAL contents ,NUMBERS of species ,MANUFACTURING processes ,LARGE intestine ,ANIMAL feeds ,GUT microbiome ,RUMEN (Ruminants) - Abstract
Simple Summary: Feed for laboratory mice is available in different physical forms. However, there is insufficient standardization in nutrient composition and physical forms. Results pertaining to energy and nutrient digestibility show that differentially processed feed (pelleted vs. extruded) and even batches from the same provider (pelleted vs. pelleted) differ in starch gelatinization. Here we show that feed processing impacts the mice's gastrointestinal microbiome. Reproducibility and comparability between experiments with differently processed feeds in laboratory mice should not be taken for granted. Therefore, details on dietary ingredients and feed processing should be specified in studies that include animal experiments. The composition of the microbiome is subject to the host's diet. In commercial laboratory mouse diets, different physical forms of the same diets are available, containing—according to their labels—identical ingredients and nutrient compositions. However, variations in nutrient composition and starch gelatinization due to production processes and their impact on digestibility have been described. In this study, a total of 48 C57BL/J6 mice were assigned to two equal groups and were fed diets (produced with different processes—extruded vs. pelleted) for eight weeks in two biological replicates. At the end of the experiment, samples were collected from five different gastrointestinal regions, including the stomach, small intestine, cecum, large intestine, and an extracorporeal region (feces), and the microbiome was analyzed with 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The replicates in both experiments differed significantly in their relative abundances of Muribaculaceae species. Furthermore, the gastrointestinal content of pellet-fed mice contained larger numbers of Lactobacillus species. These results indicate that starch gelatinization and ingredient composition significantly influence microbial makeup. In conclusion, different feed processing methods may affect fundamental digestive and metabolic processes, impacting animal experiments and biasing microbiome data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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122. Effect of Forskolin on Body Weight, Glucose Metabolism and Adipocyte Size of Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice.
- Author
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Chen, Jing-Yi, Peng, Shao-Yu, Cheng, Yeong-Hsiang, Lee, I-Ta, Yu, Yu-Hsiang, and Nuzzo, Domenico
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FORSKOLIN ,GLUCOSE metabolism ,BODY weight ,MESENCHYMAL stem cell differentiation ,DIMETHYL sulfoxide ,GLYCERIN ,BLOOD lipids ,FAT cells - Abstract
Simple Summary: Obesity has become a global pandemic involving an increase in the amount and size of fat cells in the body. Obesity is highly associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Several medicinal plants have been reported to be useful in the prevention of obesity. Forskolin, a bioactive compound of Coleus forskohlii, can promote lipolysis in mature adipocytes. However, the effect of forskolin on body weight, glucose metabolism and adipocyte size of diet-induced obesity is still rarely investigated. In this study, the effects of forskolin on the high-fat diet-induced obese model were evaluated. Results showed that forskolin administration improves glucose metabolism and reduces fat cell diameter in the high-fat diet-fed mice. Forskolin also suppresses adipocyte differentiation of murine mesenchymal stem cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of forskolin on body weight, glucose metabolism and fat cell diameter in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Four-week-old male mice (C57BL/6) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups: a high-fat diet plus 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (vehicle), high-fat diet plus 2 mg/kg of forskolin (dissolved in 5% dimethyl sulfoxide) and high-fat diet plus 4 mg/kg of forskolin (dissolved in 5% dimethyl sulfoxide). Forskolin or dimethyl sulfoxide was administered intraperitoneally every two days. The results indicated that no significant difference was observed in the body weight, feed intake and serum lipid parameters among groups at 20 weeks of age. The blood glucose levels were significantly reduced in the groups treated with 2 mg/kg of forskolin before glucose tolerance test. Forskolin administration linearly decreased blood glucose levels of high-fat diet-fed mice at 90 min and total area under curve (AUC) after insulin tolerance test. The subcutaneous adipocyte diameter was significantly reduced in the groups treated with 2 mg/kg of forskolin. Forskolin administration linearly reduced the gonadal adipocyte diameter of high-fat diet-fed mice. Forskolin significantly reduced the differentiation of murine mesenchymal stem cells into adipocytes and this was accompanied by a decrease in intracellular triglyceride content and an increase in glycerol concentration in the culture medium. The subcutaneous adipocyte diameter, gonadal adipocyte diameter and total AUC of insulin tolerance test were moderately negatively correlated with the concentration of forskolin in the high-fat diet-induced obese model. These results demonstrate that forskolin can regulate glucose metabolism and reduce fat cell diameter of high-fat diet-fed mice and inhibit the adipocyte differentiation of murine mesenchymal stem cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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123. Antioxidant Therapeutics in Parkinson's Disease: Current Challenges and Opportunities.
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Duarte-Jurado, Ana Patricia, Gopar-Cuevas, Yareth, Saucedo-Cardenas, Odila, Loera-Arias, Maria de Jesus, Montes-de-Oca-Luna, Roberto, Garcia-Garcia, Aracely, Rodriguez-Rocha, Humberto, and Nuzzo, Domenico
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PARKINSON'S disease ,TRANSLATIONAL research ,ANTIOXIDANTS ,OXIDATIVE stress ,THERAPEUTICS ,CATECHOL-O-methyltransferase ,CLINICAL trials - Abstract
Oxidative stress is considered one of the pathological mechanisms that cause Parkinson's disease (PD), which has led to the investigation of several antioxidants molecules as a potential therapeutic treatment against the disease. Although preclinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of these compounds to maintain neuronal survival and activity in PD models, these results have not been reflected in clinical trials, antioxidants have not been able to act as disease modifiers in terms of clinical symptoms. Translational medicine currently faces the challenge of redesigning clinical trials to standardize criteria when testing molecules to reduce responses' variability. Herein, we discuss current challenges and opportunities regarding several non-enzymatic antioxidants' therapeutic molecules for PD patients' potential treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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124. Processing Matters in Nutrient-Matched Laboratory Diets for Mice—Energy and Nutrient Digestibility.
- Author
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Böswald, Linda F., Wenderlein, Jasmin, Straubinger, Reinhard K., Ulrich, Sebastian, Kienzle, Ellen, and Nuzzo, Domenico
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LABORATORY mice ,LABORATORY rodents ,ANIMAL feeding behavior ,MURIDAE ,DIETARY fiber ,DRY matter in animal nutrition ,LABORATORY animals ,WESTERN diet - Abstract
Simple Summary: The processing of feed items has an impact on their nutritive properties, e.g., differences in the degree of starch gelatinization between pelleted and extruded diets are apparent. In many species, including humans, it is known that this influences the digestion process on enzymatic and microbial levels, and thus the animals´ ability to utilize the diet. Laboratory animal diets are often marketed as identical products, e.g., a standard maintenance diet, which can be purchased in pelleted or extruded form. The hypothesis that there are differences in energy and nutrient digestibility among such products, even though they are claimed to be the same diet, was investigated. The results of the digestibility trials confirm the hypothesis. Additionally, they show that even among batches of the same laboratory rodent diet in the same form, standardization is not always achieved. Starch gelatinization is a major determinant of carbohydrate digestibility and varies with diet processing. Laboratory rodent diets are often marketed as identical, but are sold in different forms, regardless of the markedly higher starch gelatinization in extruded than in pelleted diets. Our hypothesis was that this would impact energy and nutrient digestibility in mice fed pellets or extrudate, respectively. Trial 1 showed that feeding C57BL/6 mice a standard maintenance diet in extruded form results in a significantly higher digestibility of organic matter, energy, and carbohydrates than the identical diet in pelleted form. The replication of the experiment, however, revealed a variation between batches of the same pelleted diet regarding starch and total dietary fiber contents. Given the significant differences in diet digestibility and the potential impacts of digestibility on nutrient utilization, the intestinal microbiome, and intermediary metabolism, trials performed with differently processed diets are not comparable. This might partly explain failures to reproduce results, especially in gastrointestinal or microbiome research. Considering this impact on experimental animals, the degree of starch gelatinization should be declared in the diet information for laboratory animal diets. The differences between batches of laboratory animal diets as observed in the pellets are not acceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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125. Plant-Based Phenolic Molecules as Natural Preservatives in Comminuted Meats: A Review.
- Author
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Beya, Michel M., Netzel, Michael E., Sultanbawa, Yasmina, Smyth, Heather, Hoffman, Louwrens C., Pinto, Andrea, and Nuzzo, Domenico
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FOOD preservatives ,MEAT ,MEAT industry ,FOOD industry ,PHENOLS ,MICROBIAL growth ,HERBS - Abstract
Comminuted meat products are highly susceptible to safety and quality degradation partly because of their large interfacial area in the emulsion. The food industry extensively uses synthetic chemical preservatives to delay that degradation which is caused by microbial growth, enzyme activities and oxidation reactions. However, due to the potential health damage (e.g., cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancers among others) synthetic preservatives in meat may cause, consumers are becoming skeptical to buy meat products containing such additives. In the meat industry, the interest of finding natural food preservatives is intensifying. Polyphenolic-rich plants used as natural food preservatives offer the best alternative for a partial or a complete replacement of their synthetic counterparts. They can be extracted from natural sources such as olives, fruits, grapes, vegetables, spices, herbs, and algae, and among others. The common feature of these phenolic compounds is that they have one or more aromatic rings with one or more -OH group which are essential for their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. This review article is intended to provide an overview of the plant-based phenolic molecules used as natural food preservative, their antimicrobial and antioxidant mechanism of action, and their potential application in comminuted meat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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126. APHAMAX® ATTENUATES INFLAMMATORY AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN 2, 4-DINITROBENZENE SULFONIC ACID-INDUCED COLITIS IN RAT AMELIORATING INTESTINAL FUNCTIONALITY.
- Author
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CICIO, Adele, ZIZZO, Maria Grazia, CALDARA, Gaetano, NUZZO, Domenico, DI CARLO, Marta, SCOGLIO, Stefano, and SERIO, Rosa
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OXIDATIVE stress ,COLITIS ,INTESTINES ,RATS ,INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases - Published
- 2021
127. Volatile Compounds of Lemon and Grapefruit IntegroPectin.
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Scurria, Antonino, Sciortino, Marzia, Presentato, Alessandro, Lino, Claudia, Piacenza, Elena, Albanese, Lorenzo, Zabini, Federica, Meneguzzo, Francesco, Nuzzo, Domenico, Pagliaro, Mario, Chillura Martino, Delia Francesca, Alduina, Rosa, Avellone, Giuseppe, Ciriminna, Rosaria, and McPhee, Derek J.
- Subjects
GRAPEFRUIT ,LEMON ,INDUSTRIAL wastes ,PECTINS ,CITRIC acid ,FRUIT skins ,CITRUS - Abstract
An HS-SPME GC-MS analysis of the volatile compounds adsorbed at the outer surface of lemon and grapefruit pectins obtained via the hydrodynamic cavitation of industrial waste streams of lemon and grapefruit peels in water suggests important new findings en route to understanding the powerful and broad biological activity of these new pectic materials. In agreement with the ultralow degree of esterification of these pectins, the high amount of highly bioactive α-terpineol and terpinen-4-ol points to limonene (and linalool) decomposition catalyzed by residual citric acid in the citrus waste peel residue of the juice industrial production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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128. AphaMax ® , an Aphanizomenon Flos-Aquae Aqueous Extract, Exerts Intestinal Protective Effects in Experimental Colitis in Rats.
- Author
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Zizzo, Maria Grazia, Caldara, Gaetano, Bellanca, Annalisa, Nuzzo, Domenico, Di Carlo, Marta, Scoglio, Stefano, and Serio, Rosa
- Abstract
Background: Aphanizomenon flos-aquae (AFA) is a unicellular cyanobacterium considered to be a "superfood" for its complete nutritional profile and beneficial properties. We investigated possible beneficial effects of an AFA extract, commercialized as AphaMax
® , containing concentrated amount of phycocyanins and phytochrome, in 2,4 dinitrobenzensulfonic acid(DNBS)-induced colitis in rats. Methods: Effects of preventive oral treatment of AphaMax® (20, 50 or 100 mg/kg/day) in colitic rats were assessed and then macroscopic and microscopic analyses were performed to evaluate the inflammation degree. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and NF-κB, pro-inflammatory citockines, cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible NOS (iNOS) levels of expression were determined, as Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and nitrite levels. Results: AphaMax® treatment attenuated the severity of colitis ameliorating clinical signs. AphaMax® reduced the histological colonic damage and decreased MPO activity, NF-κB activation, as well as iNOS and COX-2 expression. AphaMax® treatment improved the altered immune response associated with colonic inflammation reducing IL-1β, IL-6 expression. Lastly, AphaMax® reduced oxidative stress, decreasing ROS and nitrite levels. Conclusions: Preventive treatment with AphaMax® attenuates the severity of the inflammation in DNBS colitis rats involving decrease of the NF-kB activation, reduction of iNOS and COX-2 expression, and inhibition of oxidative stress. Due its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant proprieties AphaMax® could be a good candidate as a complementary drug in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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129. Positive Impacts of Aphanizomenon Flos Aquae Extract on Obesity-Related Dysmetabolism in Mice with Diet-Induced Obesity.
- Author
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Terzo, Simona, Calvi, Pasquale, Giardina, Marta, Gallizzi, Giacoma, Di Carlo, Marta, Nuzzo, Domenico, Picone, Pasquale, Puleio, Roberto, Mulè, Flavia, Scoglio, Stefano, and Amato, Antonella
- Subjects
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HIGH-fat diet , *APHANIZOMENON , *METABOLIC disorders , *OBESITY complications , *OBESITY , *INSULIN , *FAT - Abstract
The present study evaluated the ability of KlamExtra®, an Aphanizomenon flos aquae (AFA) extract, to counteract metabolic dysfunctions due to a high fat diet (HFD) or to accelerate their reversion induced by switching an HFD to a normocaloric diet in mice with diet-induced obesity. A group of HFD mice was fed with an HFD supplemented with AFA (HFD-AFA) and another one was fed with regular chow (standard diet—STD) alone or supplemented with AFA (STD-AFA). AFA was able to significantly reduce body weight, hypertriglyceridemia, liver fat accumulation and adipocyte size in HFD mice. AFA also reduced hyperglycaemia, insulinaemia, HOMA-IR and ameliorated the glucose tolerance and the insulin response of obese mice. Furthermore, in obese mice AFA normalised the gene and the protein expression of factors involved in lipid metabolism (FAS, PPAR-γ, SREBP-1c and FAT-P mRNA), inflammation (TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA, NFkB and IL-10 proteins) and oxidative stress (ROS levels and SOD activity). Interestingly, AFA accelerated the STD-induced reversion of glucose dysmetabolism, hepatic and VAT inflammation and oxidative stress. In conclusion, AFA supplementation prevents HFD-induced dysmetabolism and accelerates the STD-dependent recovery of glucose dysmetabolism by positively modulating oxidative stress, inflammation and the expression of the genes linked to lipid metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
130. Neurological Consequences, Mental Health, Physical Care, and Appropriate Nutrition in Long-COVID-19.
- Author
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Picone, Pasquale, Sanfilippo, Tiziana, Guggino, Rossella, Scalisi, Luca, Monastero, Roberto, Baschi, Roberta, Mandalà, Valeria, San Biagio, Livio, Rizzo, Manfredi, Giacomazza, Daniela, Dispenza, Clelia, and Nuzzo, Domenico
- Subjects
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MENTAL health , *COVID-19 pandemic , *MENTAL illness , *POST-acute COVID-19 syndrome , *SYMPTOMS , *NUTRITION - Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused a collapse of the world health systems. Now, vaccines and more effective therapies have reversed this crisis but the scenario is further aggravated by the appearance of a new pathology, occurring as SARS-CoV-2 infection consequence: the long-COVID-19. This term is commonly used to describe signs and symptoms that continue or develop after acute infection of COVID-19 up to several months. In this review, the consequences of the disease on mental health and the neurological implications due to the long-COVID are described. Furthermore, the appropriate nutritional approach and some recommendations to relieve the symptoms of the pathology are presented. Data collected indicated that in the next future the disease will affect an increasing number of individuals and that interdisciplinary action is needed to counteract it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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131. A potential host and virus targeting tool against COVID-19: Chemical characterization, antiviral, cytoprotective, antioxidant, respiratory smooth muscle relaxant effects of Paulownia tomentosa Steud.
- Author
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Magurano, Fabio, Micucci, Matteo, Nuzzo, Domenico, Baggieri, Melissa, Picone, Pasquale, Gioacchini, Silvia, Fioravanti, Raoul, Bucci, Paola, Kojouri, Maedeh, Mari, Michele, Retini, Michele, Budriesi, Roberta, Mattioli, Laura Beatrice, Corazza, Ivan, Di Liberto, Valentina, Todaro, Luigi, Giuseppetti, Roberto, D'Ugo, Emilio, Marchi, Antonella, and Mecca, Marisabel
- Subjects
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SARS-CoV-2 , *SMOOTH muscle , *RESPIRATORY muscles , *MUSCLE relaxants , *COVID-19 - Abstract
COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerging infectious disease that spread across the world, caused by the novel coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite the advancements in science that led to the creation of the vaccine, there is still an urgent need for new antiviral drugs effective against SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to investigate the antiviral effect of Paulownia tomentosa Steud extract against SARS-CoV-2 and to evaluate its antioxidant properties, including respiratory smooth muscle relaxant effects. Our results showed that P. tomentosa extract can inhibit viral replication by directly interacting with both the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease and spike protein. In addition, the phyto complex does not reduce lung epithelial cell viability and exerts a protective action in those cells damaged by tert-butyl hydroperoxide , a toxic agent able to alter cells' functions via increased oxidative stress. These data suggest the potential role of P. tomentosa extract in COVID-19 treatment, since this extract is able to act both as an antiviral and a cytoprotective agent in vitro. [Display omitted] • The study conducted on Paulownia tomentosa Steud (PTS) extract confirms its relevant properties. • PTS extract showed antiviral and virucidal activity against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. • Antioxidant properties and respiratory smooth muscle relaxant effects of PTS extract were proved. • PTS extract is able to act both as an antiviral and a cytoprotective agent in in vitro models. • The data presented suggest the potential role of PTS in COVID-19 treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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132. Nutritional epigenomic and DNA-damage modulation effect of natural stilbenoids.
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Volpes, Sara, Cruciata, Ilenia, Ceraulo, Federica, Schimmenti, Chiara, Naselli, Flores, Pinna, Cecilia, Mauro, Maurizio, Picone, Pasquale, Dallavalle, Sabrina, Nuzzo, Domenico, Pinto, Andrea, and Caradonna, Fabio
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VITIS vinifera , *CELL culture , *CELL lines , *EMPLOYEE reviews , *POISONS - Abstract
The aim of the present work is the evaluation of biological effects of natural stilbenoids found in Vitis vinifera, with a focus on their activity as epigenetic modulators. In the present study, resveratrol, pterostilbene and for the first time their dimers (±)-trans-δ-viniferin, (±)-trans-pterostilbene dehydrodimer were evaluated in Caco-2 and HepG-2 cell lines as potential epigenetic modulators. Stilbenoids were added in a Caco-2 cell culture as a model of the intestinal epithelial barrier and in the HepG-2 as a model of hepatic environment, to verify their dose-dependent toxicity, ability to interact with DNA, and epigenomic action. Resveratrol, pterostilbene, and (±)-trans-pterostilbene dehydrodimer were found to have no toxic effects at tested concentration and were effective in reversing arsenic damage in Caco-2 cell lines. (±)-trans-δ-viniferin showed epigenomic activity, but further studies are needed to clarify its mode of action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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133. The case of encephalitis in a COVID-19 pediatric patient.
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Urso, Lidia, Distefano, Maria Grazia, Cambula, Gaetano, Colomba, Angela Irene, Nuzzo, Domenico, Picone, Pasquale, Giacomazza, Daniela, and Sicurella, Luigi
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, induced by the worldwide spreading of the SARS-CoV-2, is well known for its clinical picture consistent with respiratory symptoms. If pulmonary complications are the most common manifestation of the disease, neurological problems are also significantly present, with complications including acute cerebrovascular events, encephalitis, Guillain-Barré and Miller Fisher syndromes, acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalopathy and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. These medical signs can be considered direct effects of the virus on the nervous system, para-infectious or post-infectious immune-mediated diseases, and neurological complications of the systemic effects of the SARS-CoV-2. Case: In the present article, the encephalitis case in a 5-year-old girl positive for COVID-19 admitted to the emergency department complaining of fever and swelling in the neck is described. At this time, her neurological examination was unremarkable. Over the next few days, the fever went down and she experienced acute behavioral changes, mild confusion, and drowsiness. The brain MRI and electroencephalography (EEG) showed CNS involvement, suggestive of encephalitis. Conclusion: The dramatic improvement of the symptoms after immunotherapy with corticosteroids reinforced the hypothesis of an immune-related mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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134. Altered insulin pathway compromises mitochondrial function and quality control both in in vitro and in vivo model systems.
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Galizzi, Giacoma, Palumbo, Laura, Amato, Antonella, Conigliaro, Alice, Nuzzo, Domenico, Terzo, Simona, Caruana, Luca, Picone, Pasquale, Alessandro, Riccardo, Mulè, Flavia, and Di Carlo, Marta
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INSULIN , *QUALITY control , *INSULIN resistance , *PARKIN (Protein) , *MITOCHONDRIA - Abstract
Schematic representation of the effect of altered insulin signaling on the different aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration, by using both in vitro and in vivo model systems. [Display omitted] • Altered insulin pathway induces mitochondrial dysfunction both in vivo and in vitro model systems. • Altered insulin pathway affects mitochondrial dynamics. • Insulin administration ameliorates mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. • Effective mitophagy is an aging-dependent mechanism. Altered insulin signaling and insulin resistance are considered the link between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and metabolic syndrome. Here, by using an in vitro and an in vivo model, we investigated the relationship between these disorders focusing on neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction and mitophagy. In vitro Aβ insult induced the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) loss, and apoptosis while insulin addition ameliorated these dysfunctions. The same alterations were detected in a 16 weeks of age mouse model of diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. In addition, we detected an increase of fission related proteins and activation of mitophagy, proved by the rise of PINK1 and Parkin proteins. Nevertheless, in vitro, the increase of p62 and LC3 indicated an alteration in autophagy, while, in vivo decreased expression of p62 and increase of LC3 suggested removing of damaged mitochondria. Finally, in aged mice (28 and 48 weeks), the data indicated impairment of mitophagy and suggested the accumulation of damaged mitochondria. Taken together these outcomes indicate that alteration of the insulin pathway affects mitochondrial integrity, and effective mitophagy is age-dependent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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135. Synaptosomes: new vesicles for neuronal mitochondrial transplantation.
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Picone, Pasquale, Porcelli, Gaetana, Bavisotto, Celeste Caruso, Nuzzo, Domenico, Galizzi, Giacoma, Biagio, Pier Luigi San, Bulone, Donatella, and Di Carlo, Marta
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SYNAPTOSOMES , *MITOCHONDRIA , *ORGANELLES , *MITOCHONDRIAL proteins , *CELL physiology , *PLANT mitochondria , *MITOCHONDRIAL DNA , *CYTOPLASM - Abstract
Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction is a critical factor in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, mitochondrial transplantation has been advised as an innovative and attractive strategy to transfer and replace damaged mitochondria. Here we propose, for the first time, to use rat brain extracted synaptosomes, a subcellular fraction of isolated synaptic terminal that contains mitochondria, as mitochondrial delivery systems. Results: Synaptosome preparation was validated by the presence of Synaptophysin and PSD95. Synaptosomes were characterized in terms of dimension, zeta potential, polydispersity index and number of particles/ml. Nile Red or CTX-FITCH labeled synaptosomes were internalized in LAN5 recipient cells by a mechanism involving specific protein–protein interaction, as demonstrated by loss of fusion ability after trypsin treatment and using different cell lines. The loading and release ability of the synaptosomes was proved by the presence of curcumin both into synaptosomes and LAN5 cells. The vitality of mitochondria transferred by Synaptosomes was demonstrated by the presence of Opa1, Fis1 and TOM40 mitochondrial proteins and JC-1 measurements. Further, synaptosomes deliver vital mitochondria into the cytoplasm of neuronal cells as demonstrated by microscopic images, increase of TOM 40, cytochrome c, Hexokinase II mitochondrial proteins, and presence of rat mitochondrial DNA. Finally, by using synaptosomes as a vehicle, healthy mitochondria restored mitochondrial function in cells containing rotenone or CCCp damaged mitochondria. Conclusions: Taken together these results suggest that synaptosomes can be a natural vehicle for the delivery of molecules and organelles to neuronal cells. Further, the replacement of affected mitochondria with healthy ones could be a potential therapy for treating neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction-related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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136. PD123319, angiotensin II type II receptor antagonist, inhibits oxidative stress and inflammation in 2, 4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in rat and ameliorates colonic contractility.
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Zizzo, Maria Grazia, Caldara, Gaetano, Bellanca, Annalisa, Nuzzo, Domenico, Di Carlo, Marta, and Serio, Rosa
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ANGIOTENSIN II , *COLITIS , *OXIDATIVE stress , *INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases , *INFLAMMATION , *SMOOTH muscle - Abstract
Angiotensin II, the main effector of renin angiotensin system, plays an important role in the inflammatory process and most of its effects are mediated through the AT1 receptor activation. However, the knowledge about the AT2 receptor involvement in this process is still evolving. We previously found that in an experimental model of colitis, AT2 receptor activation can contribute to the impairment of the muscle contractility in vitro in the course of inflammation. Here, we investigated the potential alleviating effects of the in vivo treatment of PD123319 (1-[[4-(Dimethylamino)-3-methylphenyl]methyl]-5-(diphenylacetyl)-4,5,6,7- tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid ditrifluoroacetate), AT2 receptor antagonist, in 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced rat model of colitis. The effects of i.p PD123319 (0.3, 3 and 10 mg/kg) administration to rats subjected to intra-rectal DNBS instillation were investigated. The study revealed that the colon injury and the inflammatory signs were ameliorated by PD123319 when visualized by the histopathological examination. The colon shortening, myeloperoxidase activity, and colonic expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and iNOS were downregulated in a dose-dependent manner in DNBS-induced colitis rats treated with PD123319 and the anti-oxidant defense machinery was also improved. The mechanism of these beneficial effects was found in the ability of PD123319 to inhibit NF-κB activation induced by DNBS. The colonic contractility in inflamed tissues was also improved by PD123319 treatment. In conclusion, our data have demonstrated previously that undescribed proinflammatory effects for the AT2 receptors in DNBS-induced colitis in rats in which they are mediated likely by NF-κB activation and reactive oxygen species generation. Moreover, when the inflammatory process is mitigated by the AT2 receptor antagonist treatment, the smooth muscle is able to recover its functionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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137. Antiviral, virucidal and antioxidant properties of Artemisia annua against SARS-CoV-2.
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Baggieri, Melissa, Gioacchini, Silvia, Borgonovo, Gigliola, Catinella, Giorgia, Marchi, Antonella, Picone, Pasquale, Vasto, Sonya, Fioravanti, Raoul, Bucci, Paola, Kojouri, Maedeh, Giuseppetti, Roberto, D'Ugo, Emilio, Ubaldi, Fausto, Dallavalle, Sabrina, Nuzzo, Domenico, Pinto, Andrea, and Magurano, Fabio
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ARTEMISIA annua , *SURFACE plasmon resonance , *SARS-CoV-2 , *COVID-19 , *VIRUS diseases - Abstract
Natural products are a rich source of bioactive molecules that have potential pharmacotherapeutic applications. In this study, we focused on Artemisia annua (A. annua) and its enriched extracts which were biologically evaluated in vitro as virucidal, antiviral, and antioxidant agents, with a potential application against the COVID-19 infection. The crude extract showed virucidal, antiviral and antioxidant effects in concentrations that did not affect cell viability. Scopoletin, arteannuin B and artemisinic acid (single fractions isolated from A. annua) exerted a considerable virucidal and antiviral effect in vitro starting from a concentration of 50 µg/mL. Data from Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) showed that the inhibition of the viral infection was due to the interaction of these compounds with the 3CLpro and Spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2, suggesting that the main interaction of compounds may interfere with the viral pathways during the insertion and the replication process. The present study suggests that natural extract of A. annua and its components could have a key role as antioxidants and antiviral agents and support the fight against SARS-CoV-2 variants and other possible emerging Coronaviruses. [Display omitted] • A.annua extract play a significant role as antioxidant agent. • Scopoletin, arteannuin B and artemisinic acid inhibit SARS-CoV-2 viral replication. • Surface Plasmon Resonance confirms interaction of A. annua fraction with Spike and 3CLpro proteins of SARS-CoV-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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138. Manipulation of HSP70-SOD1 Expression Modulates SH-SY5Y Differentiation and Susceptibility to Oxidative Stress-Dependent Cell Damage: Involvement in Oxotremorine-M-Mediated Neuroprotective Effects
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Miriana Scordino, Monica Frinchi, Giulia Urone, Domenico Nuzzo, Giuseppa Mudò, Valentina Di Liberto, Scordino, Miriana, Frinchi, Monica, Urone, Giulia, Nuzzo, Domenico, Mudo, Giuseppa, and Di Liberto, Valentina
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Physiology ,oxotremorine ,muscarinic acetylcholine receptor ,KNK437 ,neuroprotection ,heat shock proteins ,superoxide dismutase ,Clinical Biochemistry ,heat shock protein ,Cell Biology ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
The differentiation of neural progenitors is a complex process that integrates different signals to drive transcriptional changes, which mediate metabolic, electrophysiological, and morphological cellular specializations. Understanding these adjustments is essential within the framework of stem cell and cancer research and therapy. Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, widely used in neurobiology research, can be differentiated into neuronal-like cells through serum deprivation and retinoic acid (RA) supplementation. In our study, we observed that the differentiation process triggers the expression of Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70). Notably, inhibition of HSP70 expression by KNK437 causes a dramatic increase in cell death. While undifferentiated SH-SY5Y cells show a dose-dependent decrease in cell survival following exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), differentiated cells become resistant to H2O2-induced cell death. Interestingly, the differentiation process enhances the expression of SOD1 protein, and inhibition of HSP70 expression counteracts this effect and increases the susceptibility of differentiated cells to H2O2-induced cell death, suggesting that the cascade HSP70-SOD1 is involved in promoting survival against oxidative stress-dependent damage. Treatment of differentiated SH-SY5Y cells with Oxotremorine-M (Oxo), a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, enhances the expression of HSP70 and SOD1 and counteracts tert–Butyl hydroperoxide-induced cell death and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. It is worth noting that co-treatment with KNK437 reduces SOD1 expression and Oxo-induced protection against oxidative stress damage, suggesting the involvement of HSP70/SOD1 signaling in this beneficial effect. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that manipulation of the HSP70 signal modulates SH-SY5Y differentiation and susceptibility to oxidative stress-dependent cell death and unravels novel mechanisms involved in Oxo neuroprotective functions. Altogether these data provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying neuronal differentiation and preservation under stress conditions.
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- 2023
139. Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods. Experimental research as a means for the innovation of already existing products: reporting of a type case
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Fabio Caradonna, Flores Naselli, Amato, Antonella, Nuzzo, Domenico, Picone, Pasquale, Caradonna, Fabio, Naselli, Flore, Fabio Caradonna, and Flores Naselli
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Settore BIO/18 - Genetica ,Nutrigenomics, Epigenetics, Functionalization, Nutrition, Innovation - Abstract
Innovation and the creation of new products in a company, or in a food industry, is an expensive process and requires profound transformations of the production processes. For this reason, the governance of some businesses often gives up on the idea of innovating, especially if some of their products, driving the market, can ensure short and medium-term earnings security. It is also quite well known, however, that the long-term solidity of a company is ensured only by innovation: mediating between these two possibilities is very difficult but one sustainable possibility, today, may consist in functionalizing already existing food products, adding, in the industrial manufacturing process, bioactive and healthy substances in order to increase the nutritional value of the product, adding beneficial effects for human health and thus reducing the transformations of production processes to a minimum. Experimental research can make this idea feasible by refining concentrations of the bioactive molecule(s), physicochemical parameters and functionality analyses. Various examples can be reported of company-university collaborations aimed at this form of innovation. The one that involved my lab refers to a food product for children that has been functionalized with Bronte pistachio extract. In this specific case, our experimental research has demonstrated the maintenance of bioactive activities of the functional extract downstream of the food production process. Furthermore, in vitro studies, on cell models that simulated human intestinal tissue, demonstrated the beneficial capability of pistachio extract to modulate the cell DNA damage induced by mutagens and/or epimutagens, characteristics that we have also been found in other vegetables molecules with the same nutrigenomic effects (Volpes et al., 2023). In conclusion, we propose the functionalization of already existing foods as a sustainable form of innovation that with few modifications of manufacturing processes, can generate "new" food products with at least two advantages: nutritional and healthy.
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- 2023
140. Preventive effects of guanosine on intestinal inflammation in 2, 4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in rats.
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Zizzo, Maria Grazia, Caldara, Gaetano, Bellanca, Annalisa, Nuzzo, Domenico, Di Carlo, Marta, and Serio, Rosa
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SULFONIC acids , *COLITIS , *GUANOSINE , *IRINOTECAN , *INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases , *RATS - Abstract
Background: Guanosine, a guanine-based purine, is an extracellular signaling molecule exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects in several in vivo and in vitro injury models. We aimed to investigate its protective effects on 2, 4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in rat. Methods: Rats were divided into five groups and colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of DNBS (15 mg/rat). Guanosine (4 or 8 mg/kg) was administered for 6 days i.p. starting the day of the colitis induction. Body weight loss, stool consistency, colon weight/length, histological analysis, myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were assessed. Immunoblotting of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 protein levels and detection of oxidative and nitrosative stress markers were also performed. Results: Guanosine, in a dose-dependent manner, significantly ameliorated the severity of DNBS-induced colitis, reducing body weight loss and diarrhea incidence, preventing the DNBS-induced macroscopic and microscopic damage to the colonic mucosa, and the MPO increase. Guanosine treatment also lowered interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA levels. Importantly, guanosine in DNBS rats down-regulated the expression of NF-κB p65 and the levels of reactive oxygen species and nitrite. Conclusions: In conclusion, guanosine exerts beneficial effects in DNBS-induced colitis in rats, through modulation of colonic inflammation, downregulating of NFκB-mediated signaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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141. From Small Peptides to Large Proteins against Alzheimer'sDisease
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Pasquale Picone, Tiziana Sanfilippo, Sonya Vasto, Sara Baldassano, Rossella Guggino, Domenico Nuzzo, Donatella Bulone, Pier Luigi San Biagio, Emanuela Muscolino, Roberto Monastero, Clelia Dispenza, Daniela Giacomazza, Picone, Pasquale, Sanfilippo, Tiziana, Vasto, Sonya, Baldassano, Sara, Guggino, Rossella, Nuzzo, Domenico, Bulone, Donatella, San Biagio, Pier Luigi, Muscolino, Emanuela, Monastero, Roberto, Dispenza, Clelia, and Giacomazza, Daniela
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Neurons ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,amyloid-beta protein: amyloid fibrillation ,Alzheimer Disease ,Tau protein ,Humans ,tau Proteins ,Plaque, Amyloid ,Neurofibrillary Tangles ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Alzheimer’s disease ,Aged - Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly. The two cardinal neuropathological hallmarks of AD are the senile plaques, which are extracellular deposits mainly constituted by beta-amyloids, and neurofibrillary tangles formed by abnormally phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau) located in the cytoplasm of neurons. Although the research has made relevant progress in the management of the disease, the treatment is still lacking. Only symptomatic medications exist for the disease, and, in the meantime, laboratories worldwide are investigating disease-modifying treatments for AD. In the present review, results centered on the use of peptides of different sizes involved in AD are presented.
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- 2022
142. Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Role of Oxotremorine-M, a Non-selective Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors Agonist, in a Cellular Model of Alzheimer Disease
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Domenico Nuzzo, Monica Frinchi, Costanza Giardina, Miriana Scordino, Mariachiara Zuccarini, Chiara De Simone, Marta Di Carlo, Natale Belluardo, Giuseppa Mudò, Valentina Di Liberto, Nuzzo, Domenico, Frinchi, Monica, Giardina, Costanza, Scordino, Miriana, Zuccarini, Mariachiara, De Simone, Chiara, Di Carlo, Marta, Belluardo, Natale, Mudo, Giuseppa, and Di Liberto, Valentina
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Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Oxidative stress ,β-amyloid ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,SH-SY5Y cells ,Mitochondria - Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a multifactorial and age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder, whose pathogenesis, classically associated with the formation of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, is also dependent on oxidative stress and neuroinflammation chronicization. Currently, the standard symptomatic therapy, based on acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, showed a limited therapeutic potential, whereas disease-modifying treatment strategies are still under extensive research. Previous studies have demonstrated that Oxotremorine-M (Oxo), a non-selective muscarinic acetylcholine receptors agonist, exerts neurotrophic functions in primary neurons, and modulates oxidative stress and neuroinflammation phenomena in rat brain. In the light of these findings, in this study, we aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of Oxo treatment in an in vitro model of AD, represented by differentiated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells exposed to Aβ1-42 peptide. The results demonstrated that Oxo treatment enhances cell survival, increases neurite length, and counteracts DNA fragmentation induced by Aβ1-42 peptide. The same treatment was also able to block oxidative stress and mitochondria morphological/functional impairment associated with Aβ1-42 cell exposure. Overall, these results suggest that Oxo, by modulating cholinergic neurotransmission, survival, oxidative stress response, and mitochondria functionality, may represent a novel multi-target drug able to achieve a therapeutic synergy in AD. Graphical Abstract Illustration of the main pathological hallmarks and mechanisms underlying AD pathogenesis, including neurodegeneration and oxidative stress, efficiently counteracted by treatment with Oxo, which may represent a promising therapeutic molecule. Created with BioRender.com under academic license.
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- 2022
143. A potential host and virus targeting tool against COVID-19: Chemical characterization, antiviral, cytoprotective, antioxidant, respiratory smooth muscle relaxant effects of Paulownia tomentosa Steud
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Fabio Magurano, Matteo Micucci, Domenico Nuzzo, Melissa Baggieri, Pasquale Picone, Silvia Gioacchini, Raoul Fioravanti, Paola Bucci, Maedeh Kojouri, Michele Mari, Michele Retini, Roberta Budriesi, Laura Beatrice Mattioli, Ivan Corazza, Valentina Di Liberto, Luigi Todaro, Roberto Giuseppetti, Emilio D’Ugo, Antonella Marchi, Marisabel Mecca, Maurizio D’Auria, Magurano F., Micucci M., Nuzzo D., Baggieri M., Picone P., Gioacchini S., Fioravanti R., Bucci P., Kojouri M., Mari M., Retini M., Budriesi R., Mattioli L.B., Corazza I., Di Liberto V., Todaro L., Giuseppetti R., D'Ugo E., Marchi A., Mecca M., D'Auria M., Magurano, Fabio, Micucci, Matteo, Nuzzo, Domenico, Baggieri, Melissa, Picone, Pasquale, Gioacchini, Silvia, Fioravanti, Raoul, Bucci, Paola, Kojouri, Maedeh, Mari, Michele, Retini, Michele, Budriesi, Roberta, Mattioli, Laura Beatrice, Corazza, Ivan, Di Liberto, Valentina, Todaro, Luigi, Giuseppetti, Roberto, D'Ugo, Emilio, Marchi, Antonella, Mecca, Marisabel, and D'Auria, Maurizio
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Pharmacology ,sars-cov-2 ,covid-19 ,antioxydant ,paulownia tomentosa steud extract ,antiviral ,phytocomplex ,General Medicine - Abstract
COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerging infectious disease that spread across the world, caused by the novel coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Despite the advancements in science that led to the creation of the vaccine, there is still an urgent need for new antiviral drugs effective against SARS-CoV-2. This study aimed to investigate the antiviral effect of Paulownia tomentosa Steud extract against SARS-CoV-2 and to evaluate its antioxidant properties, including respiratory smooth muscle relaxant effects. Our results showed that P. tomentosa extract can inhibit viral replication by directly interacting with both the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease and spike protein. In addition, the phyto complex does not reduce lung epithelial cell viability and exerts a protective action in those cells damaged by tert-butyl hydroperoxide , a toxic agent able to alter cells' functions via increased oxidative stress. These data suggest the potential role of P. tomentosa extract in COVID-19 treatment, since this extract is able to act both as an antiviral and a cyto-protective agent in vitro.
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- 2023
144. Recovery from Food Waste-Biscuit Doughs Enriched with Pomegranate Peel Powder as a Model of Fortified Aliment
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Domenico Nuzzo, Pasquale Picone, Jesus Lozano Sanchez, Isabel Borras-Linares, Alessandro Guiducci, Emanuela Muscolino, Daniela Giacomazza, Tiziana Sanfilippo, Rossella Guggino, Donatella Bulone, Clelia Dispenza, Pier Luigi San Biagio, Romano Lapasin, Nuzzo, Domenico, Picone, Pasquale, Lozano Sanchez, Jesu, Borras-Linares, Isabel, Guiducci, Alessandro, Muscolino, Emanuela, Giacomazza, Daniela, Sanfilippo, Tiziana, Guggino, Rossella, Bulone, Donatella, Dispenza, Clelia, San Biagio, Pier Luigi, and Lapasin, Romano
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food waste recovery ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Pomegranate peel ,pomegranate peel ,fortified food ,food and beverages ,Fortified food ,Settore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle Tecnologie ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Food waste recovery ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology - Abstract
This research was funded by the "IEV Programme de Cooperation Italie-Tunisie 2014-2020, Re-lancer une nouvelle economie (Re-Ne)". EU project code C-5-3.1-39., The aim of the present work is the characterization of biscuit doughs enriched with pomegranate peel powder (PPP) at 3 (PPP3) and 5 (PPP5) wt% in the prospect of developing a fortified aliment as a support of the therapy of chronic inflammatory diseases of the intestinal tract. The total phenolic content of the powder was preliminarily evaluated. Then, the main compounds present in the PPP were identified by HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS analysis, being mainly hydrolysable tannins. The PPP was then treated at 180 degrees C for 20 min to mimic the baking treatment, and its water-soluble fraction (PPPwsf) was then added in the Caco-2 cell culture as a model of the intestinal epithelial barrier to verify its dose-dependent toxicity, ability in counteracting the oxidative stress, and anti-inflammatory action. Rheological experiments were performed to predict the macroscopic behavior of the PPP-added doughs during lamination and biscuit baking. SEM investigations gave their contribution to the microscopic comprehension of the dough structure. Finally, a consumer panel composed by thirty volunteers was enrolled to express its opinion on the sensory agreeableness of the biscuits prepared with two different concentrations of PPP compared with the reference dough. The discussion is focused on the biological effects of the main components found in the PPP., IEV Programme de Cooperation Italie-Tunisie 2014-2020, Re-lancer une nouvelle economie (Re-Ne), European Commission C-5-3.1-39
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- 2022
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145. Molecular and pro-inflammatory aspects of COVID-19: The impact on cardiometabolic health
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Elena Lo Presti, Domenico Nuzzo, Wael Al Mahmeed, Khalid Al-Rasadi, Kamila Al-Alawi, Maciej Banach, Yajnavalka Banerjee, Antonio Ceriello, Mustafa Cesur, Francesco Cosentino, Alberto Firenze, Massimo Galia, Su-Yen Goh, Andrej Janez, Sanjay Kalra, Nitin Kapoor, Peter Kempler, Nader Lessan, Paulo Lotufo, Nikolaos Papanas, Ali A. Rizvi, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Raul D. Santos, Anca P. Stoian, Peter P. Toth, Vijay Viswanathan, Manfredi Rizzo, Lo Presti, Elena, Nuzzo, Domenico, Al Mahmeed, Wael, Al-Rasadi, Khalid, Al-Alawi, Kamila, Banach, Maciej, Banerjee, Yajnavalka, Ceriello, Antonio, Cesur, Mustafa, Cosentino, Francesco, Firenze, Alberto, Galia, Massimo, Goh, Su-Yen, Janez, Andrej, Kalra, Sanjay, Kapoor, Nitin, Kempler, Peter, Lessan, Nader, Lotufo, Paulo, Papanas, Nikolao, Rizvi, Ali A, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Santos, Raul D, Stoian, Anca P, Toth, Peter P, Viswanathan, Vijay, and Rizzo, Manfredi
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Interleukin-6 ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Interleukin-8 ,COVID-19 ,COVID, Cardiometabolic, Diabetes, Inflammation, Molecular ,Interleukin-10 ,Interferon-gamma ,Adipokines ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Cytokines ,Humans ,Interleukin-2 ,RNA, Viral ,Molecular Medicine ,Interleukin-4 ,Obesity ,Pandemics ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
Obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), hypertension (HTN), and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) often cluster together as "Cardiometabolic Disease" (CMD). Just under 50% of patients with CMD increased the risk of morbidity and mortality right from the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic as it has been reported in most countries affected by the SARS-CoV2 virus. One of the pathophysiological hallmarks of COVID-19 is the overactivation of the immune system with a prominent IL-6 response, resulting in severe and systemic damage involving also cytokines such as IL2, IL4, IL8, IL10, and interferon-gamma were considered strong predictors of COVID-19 severity. Thus, in this mini-review, we try to describe the inflammatory state, the alteration of the adipokine profile, and cytokine production in the obese state of infected and not infected patients by SARS-CoV2 with the final aim to find possible influences of COVID-19 on CMD and CVD. The immunological-based discussion of the molecular processes could inspire the study of promising targets for managing CMD patients and its complications during COVID-19.
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- 2022
146. Superior Antibacterial Activity of Integral Lemon Pectin Extracted via Hydrodynamic Cavitation
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Mario Pagliaro, Antonino Scurria, Lorenzo Albanese, Claudia Lino, Marzia Sciortino, Rosaria Ciriminna, Federica Zabini, Domenico Nuzzo, Francesco Meneguzzo, Alessandro Presentato, Rosa Alduina, Presentato, Alessandro, Scurria, Antonino, Albanese, Lorenzo, Lino, Claudia, Sciortino, Marzia, Pagliaro, Mario, Zabini, Federica, Meneguzzo, Francesco, Alduina, Rosa, Nuzzo, Domenico, and Ciriminna, Rosaria
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Citrus ,Staphylococcus aureus ,food.ingredient ,Pectin ,Antibacterial effect ,CITRUS JUICE ,010402 general chemistry ,medicine.disease_cause ,01 natural sciences ,lcsh:Chemistry ,citrus flavonoids ,Freeze-drying ,food ,hydrodynamic cavitation ,medicine ,Humans ,Citrus Pectin ,Food science ,IntegroPectin ,pectin ,Waste Products ,Lemon peel ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Plant Extracts ,Communication ,food and beverages ,General Chemistry ,Communications ,0104 chemical sciences ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Fruit and Vegetable Juices ,antibacterial ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,Fruit ,Hydrodynamics ,Pectins ,Antibacterial activity - Abstract
Pectin extracted via hydrodynamic cavitation in water only from waste lemon peel and further isolated via freeze drying displays significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram positive pathogen which easily contaminates food. The antibacterial effect of the new IntegroPectin is largely superior to that of commercial citrus pectin, opening the way to advanced applications of a new bioproduct now obtainable in large amounts and at low cost from citrus juice industry's waste., Bacteria vs. lemons! Pectin extracted via hydrodynamic cavitation in water only from waste lemon peel and further isolated via freeze drying displays significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram positive pathogen which easily contaminates food.
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- 2020
147. Protective, antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of grapefruit integropectin on sh-sy5y cells
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Valentina Di Liberto, Domenico Nuzzo, Costanza Giardina, Francesco Meneguzzo, Antonino Scurria, Miriana Scordino, Mario Pagliaro, Francesco Giordano, Giuseppa Mudò, Stefania Raimondo, Rosaria Ciriminna, Alessandro Attanzio, Pasquale Massimo Picone, Nuzzo, Domenico, Scordino, Miriana, Scurria, Antonino, Giardina, Costanza, Giordano, Francesco, Meneguzzo, Francesco, Mudò, Giuseppa, Pagliaro, Mario, Picone, Pasquale, Attanzio, Alessandro, Raimondo, Stefania, Ciriminna, Rosaria, and Di Liberto, Valentina
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SH-SY5Y ,Antioxidant ,Cell Survival ,QH301-705.5 ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Mitochondrion ,Pharmacology ,medicine.disease_cause ,anticancer ,Neuroprotection ,Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia ,Antioxidants ,Article ,Catalysis ,Inorganic Chemistry ,Neuroblastoma ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,X-Ray Diffraction ,Cell Line, Tumor ,hydrodynamic cavitation ,medicine ,Humans ,oxidative stress ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Biology (General) ,neurological disease ,Molecular Biology ,Naringin ,QD1-999 ,Spectroscopy ,Cell Proliferation ,antitumor ,Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial ,pectin ,Cell growth ,Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,neurodegeneration ,General Medicine ,phytochemicals ,In vitro ,Computer Science Applications ,mitochondria ,Neuroprotective Agents ,Pectins ,cell cycle ,Oxidative stress ,Citrus paradisi - Abstract
Tested in vitro on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, grapefruit IntegroPectin is a powerful protective, antioxidant and antiproliferative agent. The strong antioxidant properties of this new citrus pectin, and its ability to preserve mitochondrial membrane potential and morphology, severely impaired in neurodegenerative disorders, make it an attractive therapeutic and preventive agent for the treatment of oxidative stress-associated brain disorders. Similarly, the ability of this pectic polymer rich in RG-I regions, as well as in naringin, linalool, linalool oxide and limonene adsorbed at the outer surface, to inhibit cell proliferation or even kill, at high doses, neoplastic cells may have opened up new therapeutic strategies in cancer research. In order to take full advantage of its vast therapeutic and preventive potential, detailed studies of the molecular mechanism involved in the antiproliferative and neuroprotective of this IntegroPectin are urgently needed.
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- 2021
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148. A New Water-Soluble Bactericidal Agent for the Treatment of Infections Caused by Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Strains
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Delia Francesca Chillura Martino, Mario Pagliaro, Federica Zabini, Antonino Scurria, Rosa Alduina, Rosaria Ciriminna, Lorenzo Albanese, Domenico Nuzzo, Francesco Meneguzzo, Elena Piacenza, Alessandro Presentato, Presentato, Alessandro, Piacenza, Elena, Scurria, Antonino, Albanese, Lorenzo, Zabini, Federica, Meneguzzo, Francesco, Nuzzo, Domenico, Pagliaro, Mario, Martino, Delia Chillura, Alduina, Rosa, and Ciriminna, Rosaria
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0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,Staphylococcus aureus ,food.ingredient ,Pectin ,lemon ,030106 microbiology ,grapefruit ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,Microbiology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Antibiotic resistance ,food ,medicine ,flavonoid ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Citrus Pectin ,Food science ,antimicrobial resistance ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,polyphenols ,IntegroPectin ,Minimum bactericidal concentration ,biology ,Chemistry ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,lcsh:RM1-950 ,food and beverages ,Antimicrobial ,biology.organism_classification ,citrus pectin ,carbohydrates (lipids) ,polyphenol ,lcsh:Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,flavonoids ,citrus terpenes ,Staphylococcus aureu ,citrus terpene ,Bacteria - Abstract
Grapefruit and lemon pectin obtained from the respective waste citrus peels via hydrodynamic cavitation in water only are powerful, broad-scope antimicrobials against Gram-negative and -positive bacteria. Dubbed IntegroPectin, these pectic polymers functionalized with citrus flavonoids and terpenes show superior antimicrobial activity when compared to commercial citrus pectin. Similar to commercial pectin, lemon IntegroPectin determined ca. 3-log reduction in Staphylococcus aureus cells, while an enhanced activity of commercial citrus pectin was detected in the case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells with a minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 15 mg mL&minus, 1. Although grapefruit and lemon IntegroPectin share equal MBC in the case of P. aeruginosa cells, grapefruit IntegroPectin shows boosted activity upon exposure of S. aureus cells with a 40 mg mL&minus, 1 biopolymer concentration affording complete killing of the bacterial cells. Insights into the mechanism of action of these biocompatible antimicrobials and their effect on bacterial cells, at the morphological level, were obtained indirectly through Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and directly through scanning electron microscopy. In the era of antimicrobial resistance, these results are of great societal and sanitary relevance since citrus IntegroPectin biomaterials are also devoid of cytotoxic activity, as already shown for lemon IntegroPectin, opening the route to the development of new medical treatments of polymicrobial infections unlikely to develop drug resistance.
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- 2020
149. Preventive effects of guanosine on intestinal inflammation in 2, 4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in rats
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Maria Grazia Zizzo, Marta Di Carlo, Gaetano Felice Caldara, Domenico Nuzzo, Rosa Serio, Annalisa Bellanca, Zizzo, Maria Grazia, Caldara, Gaetano, Bellanca, Annalisa, Nuzzo, Domenico, Di Carlo, Marta, and Serio, Rosa
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0301 basic medicine ,DNBS rat ,Colon ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Interleukin-1beta ,Immunology ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents ,Guanosine ,Inflammation ,Pharmacology ,Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia ,Inflammatory bowel disease ,Antioxidants ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,In vivo ,medicine ,Animals ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Rats, Wistar ,Colitis ,Purine ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,Interleukin-6 ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,NF-kappa B ,medicine.disease ,Rats ,030104 developmental biology ,Cytokine ,chemistry ,Cytokines ,Dinitrofluorobenzene ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,medicine.symptom ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Background: Guanosine, a guanine-based purine, is an extracellular signaling molecule exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects in several in vivo and in vitro injury models. We aimed to investigate its protective effects on 2, 4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in rat. Methods: Rats were divided into five groups and colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of DNBS (15 mg/rat). Guanosine (4 or 8 mg/kg) was administered for 6 days i.p. starting the day of the colitis induction. Body weight loss, stool consistency, colon weight/length, histological analysis, myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were assessed. Immunoblotting of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 protein levels and detection of oxidative and nitrosative stress markers were also performed. Results: Guanosine, in a dose-dependent manner, significantly ameliorated the severity of DNBS-induced colitis, reducing body weight loss and diarrhea incidence, preventing the DNBS-induced macroscopic and microscopic damage to the colonic mucosa, and the MPO increase. Guanosine treatment also lowered interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA levels. Importantly, guanosine in DNBS rats down-regulated the expression of NF-κB p65 and the levels of reactive oxygen species and nitrite. Conclusions: In conclusion, guanosine exerts beneficial effects in DNBS-induced colitis in rats, through modulation of colonic inflammation, downregulating of NFκB-mediated signaling.
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- 2018
150. Anti-inflammatory and cognitive effects of interferon-β1a (IFNβ1a) in a rat model of Alzheimer’s disease
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Luigi M. Grimaldi, Fulvio Plescia, Marta Di Carlo, Domenico Nuzzo, Maria Ruscica, Natale Belluardo, Luca Cicero, Monica Frinchi, Pietro Scaduto, Maria Fatima Massenti, Giuseppa Mudò, Giovanni Cassata, Carla Cannizzaro, Mudò, Giuseppa, Frinchi, Monica, Nuzzo, Domenico, Scaduto, Pietro, Plescia, Fulvio, Massenti, Maria F., Di Carlo, Marta, Cannizzaro, Carla, Cassata, Giovanni, Cicero, Luca, Ruscica, Maria, Belluardo, Natale, and Grimaldi, Luigi M.
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0301 basic medicine ,Time Factors ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Hippocampus ,Cell Count ,Pharmacology ,medicine.disease_cause ,lcsh:RC346-429 ,Superoxide Dismutase-1 ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neuroinflammation ,NF-kB ,Microglia ,General Neuroscience ,Microfilament Proteins ,ROS ,Pro-inflammatory cytokine ,IFNβ1a ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cytokine ,Neurology ,IL-10 ,Cytokines ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Alzheimer's disease ,Interferon beta-1a ,Pro-inflammatory cytokines ,Immunology ,Aβ 1-42 ,Inflammation ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Hippocampu ,Alzheimer Disease ,Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ,medicine ,Animals ,Aβ1-42 ,Rats, Wistar ,SOD ,Maze Learning ,lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,Amyloid beta-Peptides ,Neuroscience (all) ,Superoxide Dismutase ,business.industry ,Research ,Calcium-Binding Proteins ,Recognition, Psychology ,medicine.disease ,Peptide Fragments ,Rats ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Lipid Peroxidation ,Cognition Disorders ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Background: Aβ 1-42 peptide abnormal production is associated with the development and maintenance of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in brains from Alzheimer disease (AD) patients. Suppression of neuroinflammation may then represent a suitable therapeutic target in AD. We evaluated the efficacy of IFNβ1a in attenuating cognitive impairment and inflammation in an animal model of AD. Methods: A rat model of AD was obtained by intra-hippocampal injection of Aβ 1-42 peptide (23 μg/2 μl). After 6 days, 3.6 μg of IFNβ1a was given subcutaneously (s.c.) for 12 days. Using the novel object recognition (NOR) test, we evaluated changes in cognitive function. Measurement of pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and SOD activity levels was performed in the hippocampus. Data were evaluated by one-way ANOVA with Fisher's Protected Least Significant Difference (PLSD) test. Results: We showed that treatment with IFNβ1a was able to reverse memory impairment and to counteract microglia activation and upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β) in the hippocampus of Aβ 1-42 -injected rats. The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, significantly reduced in the Aβ 1-42 animals, recovered to control levels following IFNβ1a treatment. IFNβ1a also reduced ROS and lipids peroxidation and increased SOD1 protein levels in the hippocampus of Aβ 1-42 -injected rats. Conclusion: This study shows that IFNβ1a is able to reverse the inflammatory and cognitive effects of intra-hippocampal Aβ 1-42 in the rat. Given the role played by inflammation in AD pathogenesis and the established efficacy of IFNβ1a in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system such as multiple sclerosis, its use may be a viable strategy to inhibit the pro-inflammatory cytokine and oxidative stress cascade associated with Aβ deposition in the hippocampus of AD patients.
- Published
- 2019
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