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507 results on '"Norris, Fran H"'

113. Life change in the disaster recovery period

Author

Hutchins, Gerald L. and Norris, Fran H.

Subjects
Disasters -- Psychological aspects, Life change events -- Research, Disaster victims -- Psychological aspects, Architecture and design industries, Environmental issues, Psychology and mental health, Sociology and social work
Abstract

To supplement a substantial literature on the symptomatic consequences of disaster, this article focuses on the adaptational requirements experienced by disaster victims, operationalized as the stressful life events following a severe flood that occurred in 1984 in southeastern Kentucky. In this study of older adults, life events were analyzed a three levels of specificity: as an aggregate measure reflecting the total amount of changes without regard to content, as seven content-oriented categories (Household Disruption, Financial Disruption, Family Conflict, Social Disruption, Health Disruption, Bereavement, and Good Things For Self), and as 40 specific events. In analyses that controlled for subjects' preflood resources, mental health, and sociodemographic characteristics, differences between victims and nonvictims in the number and types of life events experienced were tested. Overall, the findings suggest that older flood victims are more likely than other older adults to experience social disruption, but not necessarily the other six categories of life events. Most specifically, victims were found to be more likely than nonvictims to have friends/neighbors move away and to have new family conflicts; victims were less likely than others to have children leave home.

Published
1989

136. SECTION VI: A MULTICOMPONENT MODEL OF PREPARING PROVIDERS IN COMMUNITIES AFFECTED BY TERRORISM: Provider Perspectives on Disaster Mental Health Services in Oklahoma City.

Author

Norris, Fran H., Watson, Patricia J., Hamblen, Jessica L., Pfefferbaum, Betty J., Danieli, Yael, Brom, Danny, and Sills, Joe

Abstract

Seven years after the bombing of the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City, 34 individuals affiliated with various organizations were interviewed about their experiences in providing disaster mental health services to victims and the community. Their perspectives elucidated the importance of preparedness, training and education, local control, interagency cooperation, and psychosocial support for providers. Significant conflicts emerged among providers about credentials, referrals, the quality of services provided, and the appropriateness, in this context, of basing services solely on a crisis counseling model. The lack of ongoing needs assessment or evaluation data further fueled the debates. On the basis of the findings, the authors outline several recommendations for planning mental health responses to future terrorist attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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137. Postdisaster social support in the United States and Mexico: conceptual and contextual considerations

Author

Norris, Fran H., Murphy, Arthur D., Kaniasty, Krzysztof, Perilla, Julia L., and Ortis, Dolores Coronel

Subjects
Social networks -- Evaluation, Disasters -- Social aspects, Ethnic, cultural, racial issues/studies, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

A measure of the social support received from family, friends, and outsiders was administered 6 months after Hurricanes Andrew (non-Hispanic n = 270, Hispanic n = 134) and Paulina (Mexican n = 200) and to a normative sample (n = 1,289) representative of urban Mexico. Pilot work with bilingual participants established that equivalent scores were yielded by Spanish and English versions of the instrument. Exemplars of helping showed similar rank-order frequency within samples to form a pattern that was equivalent across samples. A three-factor model that differentiated between emotional, informational, and tangible support described the help received from each source in each sample. Despite the apparent conceptual invariance of social support, levels of support differed strongly. The Paulina sample received more help of each type from each source than the normative sample but less help of each type from each source than the Andrew sample. Within the Andrew sample, Hispanic and non-Hispanic persons did not differ. Rules of relative need and relative advantage that have been found to influence resource distribution at the individual level appear to operate at community and societal levels as well.

Published
2001

138. Natural and Technological Disasters.

Author

Marsella, Anthony, Green, Bonnie L., Friedman, Matthew J., de Jong, Joop T. V. M., Solomon, Susan D., Keane, Terence M., Fairbank, John A., Donelan, Brigid, Frey-Wouters, Ellen, Danieli, Yael, Somasundaram, Daya, Norris, Fran H., Asukai, Nozomu, and Murthy, R. Srinivasa

Abstract

Disasters are very common. Worldwide, earthquakes, floods, cyclones, landslides, technological accidents, and urban fires occur daily. They tend to occur suddenly, without much warning, and cause massive destruction, sometimes killing or injuring large numbers of people within a short time. In 1999 alone, natural disasters killed over 60,000 people in Turkey, 10,000 people in India, and 25,000 people in Venezuela (United Nations General Assembly Economic and Social Council [UNGAESC], 2000). Disasters disproportionately strike the poor, socially deprived, and marginalized, and their consequences may be more serious and long-lasting in these groups. Similarly, disasters affect developing nations more adversely than developed nations. However, these groups and nations may have the fewest resources or facilities to cope with the aftermath of disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2003
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140. Predicting evacuation in two major disasters: risk perception, social influence, and access to resources

Author

Riad, Jasmin K., Norris, Fran H., and Ruback, R. Barry

Subjects
Natural disasters -- Management, Risk perception -- Social aspects, Evacuation of civilians -- Analysis, Emergency management -- Social aspects, Psychology and mental health, Sociology and social work
Abstract

The complex and somewhat bewildering phenomenon of why people sometimes decide not to evacuate from a dangerous situation is influenced by a combination of individual characteristics and 3 basic social psychological processes: (a) risk perception, (b) social influence, and (c) access to resources. This study used a combined sample of 777 adults interviewed after Hurricanes Hugo and Andrew. Although numerous variables significantly predicted evacuation, much variance in this behavior still remained unexplained. Different population subgroups gave different reasons for not evacuating (e.g., severeness of storm, territoriality). A multifaceted and tailored approach to both individuals and communities is needed; a simple warning is often not enough.

Published
1999

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