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Review of: Not in Narrow Seas: The Economic History of Aotearoa New Zealand, Brian Easton (2020) Wellington: Victoria University of Wellington Press, 688 pp., ISBN 978 1 77656 304 3 (pbk), NZ$60.00 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lexical variation and change is prevalent in the short history of New Zealand Sign Language (NZSL) and in the current context of globalized flows of communication we observe growing use of ASL-concordant variants that land in New Zealand via other signed languages, online deaf media, and international interaction. Results from a variant-pair preference task show no significant effect of demographic characteristics on variant use, suggesting their use is not socially marked. We observe effects of lexical borrowing at the levels of phonology (e.g. handshape types), morphology (e.g. classifier handshapes, modified verbs) and discourse markers. In parallel with studies of Americanization in New Zealand English, we find that ASL-concordant variants in established use tend to be perceived as local in origin, and that new/traditional variants are not always seen as exact synonyms or replacements, but may be ascribed pragmatic, semantic, and stylistic distinctions. In this way, global features serve to elaborate local NZSL repertoires rather than being experienced as Americanization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: Despite tertiary social work education commencing in Aotearoa New Zealand by 1950, it was not until the mid-1990s that social work educators established a unifying body (the Council). The Council aimed to promote teaching and research in social work within Te Tiriti o Waitangi obligations, and enhance relationships and collaboration within the sector. METHODS: A qualitative, critical realist research methodology has been utilised, analysing interviews with eight people who have served as president of the Council or chair of the field education sub-committee since the Council's inception. Data were augmented with Council archives, including minutes and reports. FINDINGS: Themes of registration, relationships, resourcing and bicultural commitments were identified. These provide an overview of key issues that have impacted on social work education in Aotearoa over the past 25 years and record the rich stories of some of the key people involved. CONCLUSIONS: Social work educators established a forum to unify their voices and enhance standards in social work education. Ongoing professionalisation and developing regulation of social workers became a Council focus. Future challenges for the Council include ensuring its viability and operation, responding to bicultural responsibilities and strengthening the voice of social work educators in a state-regulated environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a list of recent books received by 'Health and History' related to medical history including works on midwifery and maternity care in New Zealand, the visual culture of pregnancy, and the history of abortion in Aotearoa New Zealand.

The development of Pukeahu National War Memorial Park in Wellington, Aotearoa/New Zealand, is a key project to acknowledge the centenary of the First World War: it is the place to remember and reflect on the country’s experiences with military conflict and peacekeeping. Within the older complex at Pukeahu, Māori feature as little more than a footnote to a standard Pākehā (New Zealander of European descent) history of New Zealand at war. It is only in more recent memorials that there is a visible inclusion of a Māori experience of past wars expressed in a modern and distinctly Māori way. In this article, I explore whether or not these retrospective acknowledgements of the Māori experience equalise the park as a place for all New Zealanders. I also consider the design and purpose of the newer memorials at Pukeahu, which lack the sentiment and ‘sorrow’ of earlier memorials, and ask if a grander national narrative takes precedence over individual experiences of pride and loss. Overall, I suggest there is more going on in Pukeahu’s most contemporary memorials than simply the formulation of a national narrative of Aotearoa/New Zealand at war and what that means. This is a nation that thrives on its balanced interaction within the international arena, but does it have the introspective capacity to consider the battles fought on home soil? Is its history, shared with a diverse group of nations around the globe, being utilised for political purposes – as an exercise in strengthening international relations? Or are these memorials truly acknowledging the shared experience and shared sense of loss? The answer may just depend on who is looking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction is presented in which author discusses articles on topics including focuses on marks on the land, fissures and voids that became incorporated into human ideas about relationships to place and examines borders mirror physical world in the majesty of a mountain range.

In this article I interact with the narratives of five Pākehā (European) secondary school teachers, who choose to teach Aotearoa New Zealand histories including about Te Tiriti o Waitangi at senior level (years 11–13). I highlight characteristics of the active stance adopted by participants towards teaching and learning the difficult histories of home, central to which are the effects of colonisation and Indigenous Māori–settler entanglements. Drawing on Sara Ahmed's (2015) understanding of the key role played by emotion in shaping social and political attachments, I argue that emotional work was just as important as intellectual effort on the part of participants for helping form and fortify their stance. Subject knowledge and effective pedagogical skills are crucial, but neither transcend the affective realm, where teacher orientation toward the content itself can influence the quality of student engagement. To provide background context for participants' narratives, I outline active elements in history education discourse featuring Pākehā positionality and the practice of ignorance in relation to school curricula and settler constructions of history. This study has implications for teacher professional development as schools prepare to respond to forthcoming changes in national curriculum policy making the study of New Zealand histories compulsory for primary and junior secondary students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the collaboration between J.C. Beaglehole and the Hakluyt Society in editing and publishing Captain James Cook's journals. Beaglehole's work as an editor and biographer of Cook received recognition and honors, but there has been a reassessment of his work in recent years due to changing cultural priorities and critiques of European explorers. Despite this, Beaglehole's editorial work remains valuable for researchers. The Hakluyt Society sought collaborators and funding for the project, considering Australian editors and seeking support from the New Zealand government. The Society planned to publish four volumes, with contributions from experts in New Zealand and Australia. Beaglehole played a pivotal role in the project, and his work is highly regarded for its thoroughness. The collaboration between Beaglehole and the Hakluyt Society highlights the meticulous approach taken in preparing the edition of Cook's journals. [Extracted from the article]

Australasian colonies were promoted as 'lands of opportunity' for British medical practitioners of the Victorian period, but once there doctors often found that any problems they faced had travelled with them. Furthermore, the act of migration could add to personal difficulty. This article builds on existing work about the challenges confronting doctors in England, and on the potential of asylum records to address the consequences of migration, to consider the experiences of men who chose to move round the globe. It concerns practitioners' turbulent careers in New Zealand, with an emphasis on their poor mental health and suicide. Official and personal sources are used to evaluate the impact of professional drivers, and the consequences for medical men. It concludes that migration did not mitigate professional stresses and instead induced or exacerbated personal crisis. The visibility of alcohol-related distress is particularly marked in contrast to evidence for practitioners in England. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical missionary Samuel Hayward Ford arrived in New Zealand's Bay of Islands in the late 1830s, a few years before the formal colonisation of the country. His letters and medical reports to the Committee of the Church Missionary Society revealed the complicated and malleable nature of medicine in the cross-cultural encounter. Through close study of Ford's writings, this article argues that medicine worked to transform and interweave Māori and missionary worlds in precolonial New Zealand. Experiencing the spread of disease in the Bay of Islands, Ford practised and was influenced by evangelical humanitarianism, and he was also entangled in the politics of empire. More than this, his medicine exposed the missionary objective to transform Māori society, and it showcased not just cultural differences regarding medical knowledge but also the exchange of ideas and treatments between Māori and the missionaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents reminder of humanity's intimate connection with the environment and that our challenges that are inextricably linked to environment. Topics include education, including research, separated; and removed from its relevance and applicability to the existing challenges in the places, contexts and spaces relevancy as times change.

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