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Bu çalışma Osmanlı Devleti’nin Kıbrıs Adası’nı fethi ile özgürlüğünü yeniden kazanmış olan Kıbrıs Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi’nin, İngiliz idaresi döneminde yaşamış olduğu iki siyasi kilise krizini konu etmektedir. İngilizlerin Kıbrıs’ta idaresi iki döneme ayrılmaktadır. Birincisi 1878 yılında Osmanlı Devleti ile yapılan iki maddelik antlaşma kapsamında 1914 yılına kadar devam eden ve adanın fiilen Osmanlı toprağı olarak kabul edildiği dönem; ikincisi ise 1914 yılında İngiltere’nin adayı tek taraflı ilhakından 1960 yılında Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti’nin kurulmasına kadar olan dönemdir. İngiliz idaresi döneminde gerçekleşmiş olan kilise krizlerinin ilki 1900-1910 yılları arasında Kitium Piskoposu Kyrillos Papadopoulos ile Girne Piskoposu Kyrillos Basileiou arasında gerçekleşmiştir. İkincisi ise 1933-1947 yılları arasında Baf Metropoliti Leontios Leontiou’nun 1931 isyanları sebebiyle ada dışında sürgünde olan metropolitlerin adaya dönmeden seçim yapılamayacağını beyan etmesi sebebiyle gerçekleşmiştir. Kıbrıs Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi otosefal bir kilise olması sebebiyle iç işlerine diğer kiliseleri karıştırmak istememiş, ancak çıkmaza giren piskoposluk seçimi nedeniyle müdahale kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Bugüne kadar siyasetteki etkisi var olagelen Kıbrıs Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi, 20. Yüzyılın henüz başında geçirmiş olduğu kilise krizlerini ancak siyasetin etkisi ve yardımıyla aşabilmiştir. Kıbrıs’ta ilk Yunan bayrağı birinci kilise krizi döneminde bir taraftar toplama çalışması olarak II. Kyrillos (Kyrillos Papadopoulos) tarafından Trooditissa Manastırı’na çekilmiştir. Ancak Kıbrıs Adası’nın ne daha önceki dönemlerde ne de şimdi Yunanistan ile hiçbir bağı yoktur. Kıbrıs Adası’nda yaşayan Rumlar ile Yunanistan arasında bir bağ oluşturmaya çalışan ve bunu iddia eden de yine kilisedir. Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti birinci Cumhurbaşkanı III. Makarios’un başpiskopos seçilmesine giden süreçte bahsedilen iki kilise krizi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu dönemde başpiskopos adayları arasında, rakip adaya karşı Enosis’i ateşli bir şekilde savunmamak, İngiliz idaresine fazla yakın olmak gibi suçlamalar olmuştur. III. Makarios hem ateşli bir şekilde Enosis’i savunmuş, hem de İngiliz idaresi ile her zaman çatışma halinde olmuştur. Bu süreç ona önce başpiskoposluk, sonrasında ise Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı getirmiştir. Kıbrıs’ta zikri geçen dönemde özellikle ön plana çıkan Türk düşmanlığı, başpiskopos olmanın ilk şartı sayılmıştır. Şöyleki; İngilizler adayı tek taraflı ilhak ettikten sonra İngilizlerin adayı kendilerine bırakacağına neredeyse emin olan Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi başpiskoposları, önce İngiliz idaresi düşmanlığı, sonra Türk düşmanlığı üzerinden kilise propagandası yapmışlardır. Çalışmada otosefal bir kilise olan Kıbrıs Rum Ortodoks Kilisesi’nin, kilise içi anlaşmazlıklardaki tavrı ile kilise kurallarına bağlılığı da ele alınmaktadır. Enosis düşüncesinin piskoposluk seçimine etkisinin daha net görüleceği bu iki kriz, kilisenin bugününü anlamak açısından oldukça önemlidir.

Abstract In this research, the microbiological, physicochemical, rheological, textural, sensory properties and antioxidant activity of blueberry pulp added (0, 4%, 8% and 12%) strained yoghurt samples were investigated during a 28 day storage period. The Lactobacillus delbrueckii spp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus counts in the samples were found to have decreased at the end of the storage period. The lightness, yellowness/blueness and whiteness index values showed a decrease depending on the addition of blueberry, while the redness/greenness values increased. The addition of blueberry had a negative the effects on the fat and protein values, while it had a positive effect on the total solids values. The storage period did not significantly change any of the physicochemical, colorimetric or rheological properties of the strained yoghurt samples. The general acceptability scores of the sample containing 12% blueberry were higher than the other samples. The antioxidant activities and total phenolic content of the strained yoghurt samples increased in accordance with blueberry concentration, while the firmness and work of the shear values decreased. In conclusion, it was determined that the addition of blueberry pulp at a 12% ratio could be used to enhance the nutritional and functional properties of strained yoghurts.

Kıbrıs Adası tarih boyunca farklı ırk ve dinlere ev sahipliği yapmış bir adadır. Bugün kuzey kısmı Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin, güney kısmı ise Yunanistan’ın garantörlüğü altında bulunan Kıbrıs’ta iki ayrı devlet yaşamaktadır. Türk, Rum ve İngilizler dışında insanların merak ettiği ancak araştırma girişiminde de bulunmadığı farklı ırkları, dolayısıyla farklı dinleri bünyesinde bulunduran Kıbrıs Adası tarih boyunca cazibesini hiçbir zaman kaybetmemiştir. Bilindiği gibi Kıbrıs’ta Müslümanlar ve Ortodoks Hıristiyanlar yaşamaktadır. Bu çalışmada 1960 Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti Anayasası’na göre azınlık olarak tanınan ve adanın iki büyük topluluğunun dışında kalan Marunîler ile onların Kuzey’de yeniden yerleşmelerine izin verilen tek yer olan Koruçam Köyü hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.

Aim:In our study, we aimed to compare the efficacy of Limberg flap and crystallised phenol treatments applied to patients with recurrent pilonidal sinus.Method:Patients with recurrent pilonidal sinus disease who were treated with the surgical excision Limberg flap technique and crystallised phenol method in our hospital General Surgery Clinic between 2017 and 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were assessed according to age, gender, hospital stay, smoking, infection, return-to-work period and recurrence rates.Results:A total of 25 patients who underwent Limberg flap treatment due to recurrent disease and 32 patients who were treated with the phenol method were identified retrospectively. Patients with missing data were excluded, and 40 patients were included in the study. In all, 72.5% of the patients were male. The mean age of the Limberg group was 25.25±6.12, and that of the crystallised phenol group was 24.60±6.11. While the mean hospital stay was 2.05±0.75 days in the Limberg group, all patients were discharged on the same day in the crystallised phenol group (p

Background: Needs assessment tools may be used to guide the optimisation of cancer survivorship services. We sought to develop and validate a dual-language needs assessment tool for women with breast cancer. Methods: The study comprised two phases; (I) co-design, and (II) psychometric testing. In Phase I, items were generated based on focus group discussions with patients and a literature review. These items were then translated into the Malay language. Content and face validation were undertaken with an expert panel. In phase II, 315 Malaysian women living with breast cancer were recruited. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to determine construct validity and reliability. Criterion validity was assessed using the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Results: We co-designed and validated a 48-item dual-language needs assessment tool for breast cancer (NeAT-BC). Five underlying constructs were revealed in the EFA: (1) emotional support, (2) social and intimate relationships, (3) hospital appointments, (4) personal care and health, and (5) information and services. The NeAT-BC demonstrated good reliability across all constructs (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.90 to 0.96). CFA also demonstrated acceptable convergent and divergent validity, composite reliability ≥ 0.87, and Heterotrait–Monotrait index < 0.85 for all constructs. Criterion validity was established given the significant negative correlation between overall needs and quality of life (r = −0.14; p = 0.02). The NeAT-BC took approximately 25 min to be completed and could be interviewer-administered or self-administered. Conclusion: The utilization of the NeAT-BC is expected to guide establishment of evidence-based cancer survivorship services in Malaysia, with wider potentials for adoption in other multi-ethnic and/or low-and-middle income settings.

In thisstudy, we focus on the high-temperature thermostatistical properties of the q-deformed gas model in two spatialdimensions. Some important thermodynamical functions such as internal energy,entropy, specific heat are calculated depending on deformation parameter q. Moreover, the first five deformedvirial coefficients in the equation of state of the model for two dimensionsare derived. Also, the results obtained in this work are compared with theresults of the undeformed gas model.

Background and Aim. Endoscopic stenting is a generally safe and effective palliative treatment for esophageal malignancies. In this study, we aimed to present endoscopic stent applications, adverse events, and relative advantages of covered versus uncovered stents in our center. Methods. We examined cases of endoscopic stenting for palliative treatment of advanced stage esophageal cancers between January 2014 and July 2019. Age, gender, location of mass, adverse events, survival time, and stent type were evaluated. Outcomes of fully covered and uncovered self-expanding stents were compared with regard to adverse events, including stent migration and occlusion. Results. The mean age of the patients was 66.4±1, 52 were male, and 8 were female. Patients were followed up for a mean of 133 days. The most common complication due to stenting was migration. 13 patients developed adverse events. Migration was the most common adverse event, occurring in 8 (13%) patients. Although the migration rate of fully covered stents was higher than uncovered stents, there was no statistically significant difference (p=0.47). Stent occlusion was observed in 4 patients. In three cases, it was due to the tumor; an uncovered stent was placed again in these cases. Food-related occlusion developed in one patient. There was no statistical difference in terms of overall adverse event rate when comparing fully covered stents to uncovered stents (p=0.68). Conclusion. Endoscopic stenting is a viable palliative method with low morbidity and mortality in experienced centers. Though there are relative advantages with covered versus uncovered stents in individual cases, the overall adverse event rate is low and relatively similar.

Aim. Constipation is one of the most common complaints of the digestive system indicated with an increase in defecation frequency, difficulty in defecation, and hard and strained defecation. Environmental, personal, and genetic factors may be affecting constipation although the affecting factors have not yet been thoroughly explained. The aim of this study was to investigate constipation frequency and lifestyles in medical students. Method. The population was selected among medical students for the study, which was planned as a survey study. Demographic data of all the participants and the factors suggested to affect constipation were questioned and analyzed. Results. The study covered a total of 425 medical students. Among the students reporting constipation, 2.86% were in their first year of medical school, while 7.53% were in the third year and 9.09% were in the sixth year. The rate of students reporting constipation and familial history was statistically significant. While regular eating habits were reported in the first and third years, this rate was much lower in the sixth year group working at clinical departments. The results of our study did not reveal any significant relationship between daily intake of water and constipation. There was, however, a significant relationship between stress and constipation. Conclusion. The results of our study showed that medical education did not curb constipation frequency. We believe that stress is significant in constipation. The data we collected indicate that regular eating habits and excess liquid intake are not as effective as suggested in the treatment of constipation.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the agent responsible for the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), which triggers lung failure, pneumonia, and multi-organ dysfunction. This enveloped, positive sense and single-stranded RNA virus can be transmitted through aerosol droplets, direct and indirect contacts. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious and has reached a pandemic level in a few months. Since COVID-19 has caused numerous human casualties and severe economic loss posing a global threat, the development of readily available, accurate, fast, and cost-effective diagnostic techniques in hospitals and in any places where humans spread the virus is urgently required. COVID-19 can be diagnosed by clinical findings and several laboratory tests. These tests may include virus isolation, nucleic acid-based molecular assays like real-time polymerase chain reactions, antigen or antibody-based immunological assays such as rapid immunochromatographic tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, immunofluorescence techniques, and indirect fluorescent antibody techniques, electrochemical sensors, etc. However, current methods should be developed by novel approaches for sensitive, specific, and accurate diagnosis of COVID-19 cases to control and prevent this outbreak. Thus, this review will cover an overview and comparison of multiple reports and commercially available kits that include molecular tests, immunoassays, and sensor-based diagnostic methods for diagnosis of COVID-19. The pros and cons of these methods and future perspectives will be thoroughly evaluated and discussed.

In this study, a novel Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)/Hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN)/Bacterial Cellulose (BC) composite, bone tissue scaffolds were fabricated using 3D printing technology. The printed scaffolds were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tensile testing, swelling behaviour, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and in vitro cell culture assay. Results demonstrated that bacterial cellulose addition affected the characteristic properties of the blends. Morphological studies revealed the homogenous dispersion of the bacterial cellulose within the 12 wt%PVA/0.25 wt%hBN matrix. Tensile strength of the scaffolds was decreased with the incorporation of BC and 12 wt%PVA/0.25 wt%hBN/0.5 wt%BC had the highest elongation at break value (93%). A significant increase in human osteoblast cell viability on 3D scaffolds was observed for 12 wt%PVA/0.25 wt%hBN/0.5 wt%BC. Cell morphology on composite scaffolds showed that bacterial cellulose doped scaffolds appeared to adhere to the cells. The present work deduced that bacterial cellulose doped 3D printed scaffolds with well-defined porous structures have considerable potential as a suitable tissue scaffold for bone tissue engineering (BTE).

The aim of this study is to evaluate the success of Brucella spp. isolation in ruminant abortion cases by using different selective media. To this end, 58 samples from ruminant abortion cases were utilized. 4 selective media; namely, Farrell Medium (FM), CITA Medium (CM), Modified Thayer Martin (MTM) and Jones & Morgan (JM) were preferred for isolation. In addition to these, one medium with antibiotics was used to extend the range of the results. Suspensions prepared from organ and fetal stomach contents were inoculated to media plates and incubated at 37Co for 5-8 days in 5-10% CO2 condition. Conventional biotyping method was used to identify Brucella isolates within the level of species and biovar. MTM (67.2%) and Farrell (65.5%) outperformed the other media with regards to isolation rate. However, regarding the inhibition ability against contaminant microrganisms, Farrell (86.2%) and CITA (72%) have the highest and second highest percentages respectively. The media’s inhibition ability was examined in the samples in which Brucella spp. isolation occurred to be able to investigate the correlations between isolation and inhibition. Lower isolation percentage was observed in the samples in which the media displayed the lowest inhibition ability against contaminants. In this context, using two different selective media with high inhibition ability against contaminants may be recommended to enhance the isolation rate. Moreover, the components stimulating the growth of Brucella strains might be added to the media to obtain better results.

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de üretilen konvansiyonel ve organik çiğ sütlerin bazı fizikokimyasal özellikleri, yağ asitleri kompozisyonu ve antioksidan kapasitesi üzerine çiftlik üretim tipinin (konvansiyonel ve organik) ve süt toplama zamanın etkisinin ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada organik ve konvansiyonel çiftliklerden bir yıl boyunca iki ayda bir 9’ar adet çiğ süt örnekleri toplanmıştır. Organik ve konvansiyonel olarak üretilen sütlerin yağ asidi kompozisyonu, antioksidan kapasitesi, toplam fenolik madde ve bazı fizikokimyasal özellikleri (kurumadde, yağ, protein, kül, titrasyon asitliği (% laktik asit), pH, özgül ağırlık) incelenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre konvansiyonel ve organik süt örneklerinin ortalama kurumadde, yağ, protein, kül, özgül ağırlık, asitlik ve pH değerleri sırayısla %12,06-11,97, %3,67-3,50, %3,33-3,34, %0,67-0,66, 1,0381-1,0381 g mL-1, %0,18-0,16 6,67-6,73 olarak belirlenmiştir. Konjuge linoleik asit oranlarının organik sütlerde %1,39 ile %2,87 arasında, konvansiyonel sütlerde %1,67 ile %2,96 arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, süt bileşenlerini (kurumadde, yağ, protein ve kül), yağ asidi kompozisyonunu, EC50 ve toplam fenolik madde değerlerinin çiftlik üretim tipinden etkilenmediği ortaya konulmuştur. Diğer taraftan süt yağı, protein, yağ asidi oranları (oleik asit hariç), EC50, inhibisyon ve toplam fenolik madde değerlerinin toplama zamanına bağlı olarak önemli değişimler gösterdiği belirlenmiştir.

The names and naming are as old as human history. People have especially opted to name the things around them they just met to be able to recognise them which would let them render different than the people around. They always questioned the names around them starting from their own ones not even knowing why they were given those names and believing that it was stemming from an inherent agreement in the society and they tried to explain the names of the things and concepts around. The personal names have an important place in naming. In this study (Kafkas University, Department of Turkish Language and Literature Students), it will be determined by some series of questions if the young people around know who named them, whose names they were given, who named after their brothers and sisters, whether they love their name or not and if they know the meaning of their names.

This study was performed to relase the soil structure of Uzungöl district of Trabzon city, a vocational area, where had been formed by a historical landslide and lake deposits and to evaluate its geotechnical characters by using seismic methods which are noninvasive, rapidly applicable and provide substantial information about the structure of investigated ground in a short time. For this purpose, seismic refraction, active-passive surface waves and seismic reflections in 16 profiles were gathered on four sub-areas and and evaluated by current favorable numerical methods. Although it considerably varies between profiles, the depth of basement, depositional base of deposits, was averagely obtained as 13.5-15m at upper elevation and 25-50m at lower elevation of the study area. Dynamic elastic parameters and average shear wave velocity of the upper 30m (VS30) of soil in the area were calculated. The soil classification of study area was interpreted as locally Z1 and Z2 class for TEC, B and C class for EC-8 code, C and D class for NERHP. According to VS30 (394-530m/s), ground amplification and predominant vibration period of the study area are respectively obtained as 1.5-2.1 and 0.23-0.30sec. On the other hand, all deposits are characterized by stiffness-solid soil, excluding arable soil from surface to a few meters depth. In addition, the first meters of bedrock shows weathered character, but deeper parts are very compact and hard. Therefore, a scientific infrastructure has been formed to carry out the engineering projects to be planned for Uzungöl settletment safely and without damaging the environment.

This paper presents a new national cyber security strategy (NCSS) covering the deterrence perspective from creation to implementation. With the aim of responding to and ensuring cyber security effectively, studies on which pathways should be followed and what methods should be used to develop, create, and implement a NCSS are being conducted in Turkey, as in all countries. In this context, by explaining the importance of cyber power, the need for cyber power to be considered as one of the elements of national power and the importance of providing security against cyber attacks with deterrence by cyber power are discussed, while a new and integrated approach for the creation and implementation of a NCSS and an authoritarian organizational structure responsible for this strategy is proposed. It can be concluded that the proposed effective and deterrent NCSS model and approaches might help to efficiently and effectively handle these issues for better management, control, and auditing for cyber security issues; provide new concepts for cyber security issues supported by cyber power and deterrence on this issue in the world; introduce integrated approach to cyber security strategies and policies on the stages of developing and implementing a NCSS; bring a number of issues to support cyber security and defence in different perspectives; and achieve a high degree of success, especially in terms of effectiveness and existing deterrence strategies and action plans of basic structure, with the proposed approach. Finally, it is expected that the proposed strategy, steps, and suggestions might help to improve cyber security issues and national strategies in near future to secure national assessment more than ever with a powerful concept of deterrence. In addition, this approach, which has been put forward for effective implementation of cyber security by ensuring better management, control, and supervision, can be easily used by all other countries.

Cryptococcus species are life-threatening human fungal pathogens that cause cryptococcal meningoencephalitis in both immunocompromised and healthy hosts. The natural environmental niches of Cryptococcus include pigeon (Columba livia) guano, soil, and a variety of tree species such as Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Ceratonia siliqua, Platanus orientalis, and Pinus spp. Genetic and genomic studies of extensive sample collections have provided insights into the population distribution and composition of different Cryptococcus species in geographic regions around the world. However, few such studies examined Cryptococcus in Turkey. We sampled 388 Olea europaea (olive) and 132 E. camaldulensis trees from seven locations in coastal and inland areas of the Aegean region of Anatolian Turkey in September 2016 to investigate the distribution and genetic diversity present in the natural Cryptococcus population. We isolated 84 Cryptococcus neoformans strains (83 MATα and 1 MATa) and 3 Cryptococcus deneoformans strains (all MATα) from 87 (22.4% of surveyed) O. europaea trees; a total of 32 C. neoformans strains were isolated from 32 (24.2%) of the E. camaldulensis trees, all of which were MATα. A statistically significant difference was observed in the frequency of C. neoformans isolation between coastal and inland areas (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the MATaC. neoformans isolate was fertile in laboratory crosses with VNI and VNB MATα tester strains and produced robust hyphae, basidia, and basidiospores, thus suggesting potential sexual reproduction in the natural population. Sequencing analyses of the URA5 gene identified at least five different genotypes among the isolates. Population genetics and genomic analyses revealed that most of the isolates in Turkey belong to the VNBII lineage of C. neoformans, which is predominantly found in southern Africa; these isolates are part of a distinct minor clade within VNBII that includes several isolates from Zambia and Brazil. Our study provides insights into the geographic distribution of different C. neoformans lineages in the Mediterranean region and highlights the need for wider geographic sampling to gain a better understanding of the natural habitats, migration, epidemiology, and evolution of this important human fungal pathogen.

In this research, polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA)/gelatin (GEL)/propolis (Ps) biocompatible nanofiber patches were fabricated via electrospinning technique. The controlled release of Propolis, surface wettability behaviors, antimicrobial activities against the S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, and biocompatibility properties with the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were investigated in detail. By adding 0.5, 1, and 3 wt.% GEL into the 13 wt.% PVA, the morphological and mechanical results suggested that 13 wt.% PVA/0.5 wt.% GEL patch can be an ideal matrix for 3 and 5 wt.% propolis addition. Morphological results revealed that the diameters of the electrospun nanofiber patches were increased with GEL (from 290 nm to 400 nm) and Ps addition and crosslinking process cause the formation of thicker nanofibers. The tensile strength and elongation at break enhancement were also determined for 13 wt.% PVA/0.5 wt.% GEL/3 wt.% Ps patch. Propolis was released quickly in the first hour and arrived at a plateau. Cell culture and contact angle results confirmed that the 3 wt.% addition of propolis reinforced mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and wettability properties of the patches. The antimicrobial activity demonstrated that propolis loaded patches had antibacterial activity against the S. aureus, but for P. aeruginosa, more studies should be performed.

Objective: It was aimed to investigate whether neglected and abused pediatric patients are properly recognized and reported by emergency physicians in the emergency department (ED). Methods: This prospective study was conducted on patients between 0 and 6 years of age presenting with trauma to ED. Patients were examined again by an emergency medicine specialist independent from the physician who did the first intervention during clinical follow-up phase after notification of patients presenting with trauma to emergency physician. Asked radiological examinations and clinical follow-up were performed. The suspected abuse evaluation form, consisting 12 items, which was formed by considering the forms used in previous studies was used to examine the awareness of physicians in cases of abuse suspicion. Results: A total of 126 patients were included in our study. 54% of cases (n = 68) were male and mean age was determined to be 31.3 ± 18.9 months. It was found that no judicial records were written to 35.7% (n = 45) of our patients and that 11.1% (n = 5) of these patients were hospitalized. In 51.1% (n = 23) of patients without judicial records, multiple suspected abuse findings were identified. According to evaluation of first physician, it was found that 75.9% (n = 41) of discharged patients had no judicial records and was not considered as neglect and abuse. Conclusion: We conclude that detection rates of abuse can be increased by developing child abuse screening forms and ensuring the continuity of the necessary training programs. Keywords: Neglect, Abuse, Pediatric

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the admission complaints, demographic characteristics, etiology, diagnosis, and outcome of patients who admitted to emergency department with eye-related complaints. Material and Methods: All patients, over the age of 18, who admitted to emergency department with eye-related complaints between June 2011 and May 2012, were included prospectively in this study. Demographic characteristics, etiology, admission complaints, diagnosis, and outcome of the patients in the emergency department were evaluated with statistical analysis. Results: At the time of the study, a total of 201427 adult patients admitted to our emergency department and 3256 (1.6%) were included in the study. 77.5% of the patients (2524) were males. The most frequent diagnosis was trauma (30.3%) in female gender, whereas it was superficial foreign bodies (46.2%) in male gender. The most common cause of trauma was home accidents (57.4%) in females, whereas it was work accidents (73%) in males. Of patients admitted due to vision loss (0.46%), it was identified that these patients were older and visual loss is more dependent on non-traumatic ophthalmic emergencies. Conclusions: The majority of cases of ophthalmic emergencies are work accidents in young active workingmen patients group. The most common complaints of patients are trauma and superficial foreign bodies. Vision loss depends mostly on non-traumatic ophthalmic emergencies seen in the elderly. [Cukurova Med J 2016; 41(2.000): 326-332]

Bu arastırmada, lise ögrencilerinin ahlaki olgunluk düzeylerini etkiledigi düsünülen bazıekonomik degiskenler ele alınmıstır. Alan arastırması, Samsun il sınırları içinde faaliyetgösteren liselerden, random yöntemiyle seçilen ögrenciler üzerinde yapılmıstır. Arastırmanınsonucunda, anne mesleginin ve ailenin ekonomik düzeyinin lise ögrencilerinin ahlaki olgunlukdüzeylerini etkileyen önemli faktörler oldukları sonucuna varılmıstır.

The high-quality interpretation of seismic refraction data depends on the accurate and reliable identification of the first arrival times. First arrivals can be identified on a graphic or image by conventional picking, but this process depends on external factors, such as the scale and quality of the imaging data, amplitude ratio, sensitivity of the picking cursor and user experience. Under these considerations, identifying first arrivals in noisy data becomes more complex and unstable. In this study, the Cross-Correlation Technique (CCT), which is widely used in the process of analyzing reflection data, has been used to pick the first arrival times in noisy or noiseless seismic refraction data by a semi-automatic process. The CCT has reduced the dependence on user and decreased incorrect picking caused by environmental noise, displaying characteristics and scaling factors. The CCT has been tested with synthetic models with different noise contents and various field data. The Chi-square error criterion was used to assess the performance of the pickings. In addition, effects of small-time differences between the conventional picking process and the CCT have been demonstrated on a refraction tomography velocity section. Therefore, we believe that our proposed method is a useful contribution to the existing methods of first arrival picking. Resumen La buena interpretación de datos estadísticos de refracción sísmica depende de la identificación acertada y confiable de los tiempos de llegada. Los primeros tiempos de llegada se pueden identificar en un gráfico o imagen por picado convencional, pero este proceso depende de factores externos como la escala y la calidad de información de la imagen, el índice de amplitud, la sensibilidad del cursor de recolección y la experiencia del usuario. Bajo estas consideraciones, la identificación de los tiempos de llegada bajo información ruidosa se vuelve más compleja e inestable. En este estudio, la técnica de Correlación Cruzada (CCT, en inglés), que es ampliamente trabajada en el proceso de análisis de datos de reflexión, se utilizó para seleccionar los primeros tiempos de llegada en información sísmica ruidosa o no ruidosa con un proceso semiautomático. La CCT redujo la dependencia en el usuario y bajó el nivel de selección incorrecta causada por el ruido ambiental al desplegar características y factores de escala. La CCT se ha probado en modelos sintéticos con diferentes contenidos de ruidos y diversa información de campo. El error de la norma Chi-cuadrado se utilizó para evaluar el desempeño de las selecciones. En adición, los efectos de las pequeñas diferencias de tiempo entre el proceso convencional de selección y la CCT se han demostrado en una tomografía reflexiva de velocidad. Además, se estima que el método propuesto es una contribución útil a los métodos existentes de la recolección de los primeros tiempos de llegada.

Vakıf kültürü İslâm medeniyet tarihinde çok önemli bir yer teşkil etmektedir. Bu kültür halen canlılığını sürdürmektedir. Hal böyle olunca gerek ülkemizde ve gerekse İslâm dünyasında konuyla ilgili çok sayıda eser ve makale kaleme alınmıştır. Ancak ilgili eserlerde vakıf konusunun Kur’ân dayanakları üzerinde ayrıntılı olarak durulmamış ve sadece birkaç âyete atıfla yetinilmiştir. Ayrıca bize göre bu referanslarla vakıf olgusu arasındaki ilişki yeterince açıklığa kavuşturulmamıştır. Çalışmamız bu konudaki boşluğu doldurma yönünde atılmış bir adımdır

For the first time. a deep-water Lower Carbon iferous siliciclasticturbidite-olistostrome unit with many lydites (partly distally turbiditic) can be dated in the Incirbeleni Formation of the Tavas Nappe (Lycian nappes) in southwestern Turkey. These nappes belong to a Hercynian Upper Devonian to Lower Carboniferous flysch Belt that is also known from the Karaburun Zone in western Turkey. A conodont fauna, consisting mainly of Gnathodus bilineatus and few Lochricea commutata without nodose Lochriea species allows the dating of cherty limestone olistoliths as middle to early late Visean age (Visean 2 10 lower Visean 3). The Lower Carboniferous Hercynian deep-sea turbidites and olistostromes confirm a northern origin for the Lycian nappes and a minimum north-south nappe transport of approximatly 200 km. Nevertheless, the Tavas Nappe originated tothe south of the Izmir-Ankara Zone because the ophiolites of theIzmir - Ankara Zone follow in nappe position above the Tavas Nappe.

1H, proton coupled and decoupled 13C, DEPT, HETCOR NMR spectra, the magnitude of one bond 1JCH coupling constants and 13C NMR spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) of 1,9-diaminononane (danon, C9H22N2) have been reported for the first time. 1H, 13C NMR chemical shifts and 1JCH coupling constants of danon have been calculated by means of B3LYP density functional method with 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. Comparison between the experimental and the theoretical results indicates that density functional B3LYP method is able to provide satisfactory results for predicting NMR properties.