867 results on '"Multi method"'
Search Results
102. A multi-method study of social ties and crowdfunding success: Opening the black box to get the cash inside
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Janell D. Townsend, John Kim, Mark Simon, and Steven J. Stanton
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Marketing ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Closeness ,Interpersonal ties ,Feeling ,Cash ,0502 economics and business ,Happiness ,050211 marketing ,Obligation ,Multi method ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,health care economics and organizations ,050203 business & management ,media_common - Abstract
We conducted one field experiment and three controlled experiments to explore how to increase crowdfunding success, focusing on the relationship between individuals soliciting funds and potential contributors. Specifically, we examined how social closeness, contact frequency and trust influenced contribution likelihood and investigated the mediating effects of obligation, fear of loss of relationship and happiness. Finally, we tested whether requesting higher contribution amounts increased the average dollars contributed. We found that closeness and frequency, but not trust, increased the contribution likelihood and that feelings of obligation and the fear of loss, but not happiness, mediated the relationship. Requesting higher contribution amounts increased a person's average contribution. more...
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- 2019
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103. Exploring Congolese refugees’ experiences with abortion care in Uganda: a multi-methods qualitative study
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Amanda Banura, Ruth Nara, and Angel M. Foster
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Economic growth ,the Democratic Republic of the Congo ,Refugee ,Abortion ,Health Services Accessibility ,Interviews as Topic ,Young Adult ,Pregnancy ,Political science ,Humans ,Uganda ,Research Articles ,Qualitative Research ,HQ1-2044 ,Refugees ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Focus Groups ,abortion ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,Abortion, Criminal ,Reproductive Health ,Reproductive Medicine ,Socioeconomic Factors ,post-abortion care ,Africa ,Democratic Republic of the Congo ,The family. Marriage. Woman ,Female ,Reproductive Health Services ,Multi method ,RC870-923 ,Qualitative research ,Research Article - Abstract
Uganda hosts 1.4 million refugees and conflict-affected people. Widely regarded as the best place in Africa to be a refugee, Uganda’s policies encourage self-sufficiency and local integration. However, abortion is legally restricted and recent studies suggest that displaced women and girls have persistent unmet sexual and reproductive health needs. In 2017, we conducted a multi-methods study to assess the reproductive health needs of displaced Congolese women in camp- and urban-based settings in Uganda. Our project focused on maternal health and delivery care, contraception, and abortion/post-abortion services and the intersection of these issues with sexual and gender-based violence. We interviewed 11 key informants, facilitated 4 focus group discussions with refugee women, and conducted 21 in-depth interviews with Congolese women of reproductive age to understand better knowledge, attitudes, practices, and services. Using both inductive and deductive techniques, we employed a multi-phased analytic plan to identify content and themes and triangulate and interpret findings. Our results suggest that Congolese refugees in Uganda are unable to navigate the legal restrictions on abortion and are engaging in unsafe abortion practices. This appears to be the case for those living in both camps and urban areas. The legal restrictions on induced abortion pose a barrier to the provision of post-abortion care. Efforts to ensure access to comprehensive abortion care should be prioritised and providing information and support to women in need of post-abortion care is imperative. more...
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- 2019
104. Get a grip: multi-method evaluation of handles for tablets on the shop floor
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Angelika C. Bullinger, Danny Rueffert, and Michael Waechter
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Adult ,Male ,Adolescent ,InformationSystems_INFORMATIONINTERFACESANDPRESENTATION(e.g.,HCI) ,Computer science ,Leisure time ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,User requirements document ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Human–computer interaction ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,050107 human factors ,Electromyography ,05 social sciences ,Equipment Design ,030229 sport sciences ,Middle Aged ,User centred design ,Computers, Handheld ,Arm ,Ergonomics ,Multi method - Abstract
Tablets on the shop floor need handles because user requirements for handling differ from tablet usage in leisure time. The ergonomics of such handles is under-researched, resulting in a lack of methods for their design and evaluation. In this paper, we present a multi-method evaluation of handles for a shop floor tablet. We combine and compare results of focus groups and the Comfort Questionnaire for Hand tools (CQH) with electromyography (EMG). With a field and a laboratory study, we evaluate four handles in order to identify (i) the most ergonomically rated handle and (ii) the most efficient evaluation method. Results consist of an evaluated prototype, and data that shows the comparability of results from focus groups and questionnaires to results from EMG measurements. Classifying handles as tangible human machine interfaces, we suggest that subjective evaluation with focus groups and CQH is efficient to evaluate their ergonomic quality. more...
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- 2019
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105. Multi‐method assessment of irritability and differential linkages to neurophysiological indicators of attention allocation to emotional faces in young children
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Amy Hsu, Elvira Zobel, Lauren S. Wakschlag, Christen M. Deveney, Christopher R. Estabrook, Daniel S. Pine, Margaret J. Briggs-Gowan, James L. Burns, and Damion J. Grasso
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Male ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Happiness ,Anger ,Anxiety ,Attentional bias ,Irritability ,Article ,Developmental psychology ,Attentional Bias ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Developmental Neuroscience ,Reaction Time ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Child ,Evoked Potentials ,media_common ,05 social sciences ,Electroencephalography ,Neurophysiology ,Irritable Mood ,Facial Expression ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,Laboratory observation ,Multi method ,medicine.symptom ,Anger in ,Psychology ,Neurocognitive ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,050104 developmental & child psychology ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Facilitated attention toward angry stimuli (attention bias) may contribute to anger proneness and temper outbursts exhibited by children with high irritability. However, most studies linking attention bias and irritability rely on behavioral measures with limited precision and no studies have explored these associations in young children. The present study explores irritability-related attention biases toward anger in young children (N = 128; ages 4-7 years) engaged in a dot-probe task with emotional faces, as assessed with event-related brain potential (ERP) indices of early selective attention and multi-method assessment of irritability. Irritability assessed via semi-structured clinical interview predicted larger anterior N1 amplitudes to all faces. In contrast, irritability assessed via a laboratory observation paradigm predicted reduced P1 amplitudes to angry relative to neutral faces. These findings suggest that altered early attentional processing occurs in young children with high irritability; however, the nature of these patterns may vary with methodological features of the irritability assessments. Future investigations using different assessment tools may provide greater clarity regarding the underlying neurocognitive correlates of irritability. Such studies may also contribute to the ongoing debates about how to best define and measure irritability across the developmental spectrum in a manner that is most informative for linkage to neural processes. more...
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- 2019
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106. Behind the curtain of early childhood coaching: a multi-method analysis of 5,000 feedback statements
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Amanda J. Moreno, Jo Koehn, Sheridan Green, and Sara Sadd
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Medical education ,business.industry ,education ,Professional development ,Social change ,Coaching ,Education ,Coursework ,General partnership ,Intervention (counseling) ,Multi method ,Early childhood ,Psychology ,business ,health care economics and organizations ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Abstract
In a previously published report, our researcher–practitioner partnership demonstrated the effectiveness of a coursework plus higher-dosage coaching professional development intervention (Expanding... more...
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- 2019
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107. German Language Adaptation of the Kalamazoo Communication Skills Assessment Form (KCSAF): A Multi-Method Study of Two Cohorts of Medical Students
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Martina Kadmon, Kristina Schick, Martin Gartmeier, Sigrid Harendza, and Pascal O. Berberat
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German ,Medical education ,Work (electrical) ,Assessment methods ,Developmental and Educational Psychology ,language ,Multi method ,Communication skills ,Adaptation (computer science) ,Psychology ,language.human_language ,Doctor patient communication - Abstract
Abstract. This work investigates the German version of the Kalamazoo Communication Skills Assessment Form (KCSAFd) for three assessment methods: students' self-assessment (KCSAFd-self), assessment by standardised patients (KCSAFd-sPat) and video-assessment by trained raters (KCSAFd-video). Videotaped simulated patient consultations of N = 163 medical students from the first ( n = 97) and the final clinical years ( n = 66) were rated using the KCSAFd. Investigating the psychometric properties of the instrument, we found a two factor-construct with interpersonal and conversational competence. All methods showed good internal consistency and acceptable model fit values. Additionally, we found plausible relationships between the three methods and meaningful differences between the two groups of students. more...
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- 2019
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108. Cellulose nanocrystals support material for 3D printing complexly shaped structures via multi-materials-multi-methods printing
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Craig M. Hamel, H. Jerry Qi, Vincent Li, Xiao Kuang, Yulin Deng, and Devin J. Roach
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,0209 industrial biotechnology ,Materials science ,business.industry ,Biomedical Engineering ,3D printing ,Nanoparticle ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Polymer ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Environmentally friendly ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Water based ,Cellulose nanocrystals ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,chemistry ,Support materials ,General Materials Science ,Multi method ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Engineering (miscellaneous) - Abstract
To fabricate highly complex structures, sacrificial support material is usually needed. However, traditional petroleum-based support materials are un-sustainable, non-recyclable, and difficult to be completely removed from the target structure after 3D processing. Instead, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) gel could serves as an interesting 3D printing support material due to its sustainability, renewability, and potential recyclability. Since CNCs are highly dispersible in water as nanoparticles and are also not UV sensitive, it has less absorption or bondability with other UV curable polymer matrices. This allows them to be completely washed out by water, which offers a green and efficient method to remove the CNC support material during post processing. In addition, with increasing needs for more intricate structures, combining different 3D printing strategies into a hybrid 3D printing platform can be highly beneficial. In this work, a multi-materials-multi-methods (M4) printer with dual direct-ink-write (DIW) and DIW-inkjet printing capability was used to fabricate various complex structures while using CNC as support material. After 3D printing, water was used to remove the CNC support structure. Even in a highly confined environment, such as the inside of a balloon structure, CNC support material was still easily removed. The potential of using sustainable CNC support material and M4 hybrid 3D printing strategies to fabricate different complex structures was demonstrated. Since CNC gel is derived from forestry products and is entirely water based, the 3D printing process was also made more environmentally friendly, sustainable, and potentially recyclable. more...
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- 2019
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109. Performance validation and analysis for multi-method fusion based image quality metrics in a new image database
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Da Pan, Xiuhua Jiang, and Xiaoyu Ma
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Fusion ,Visual perception ,Computer Networks and Communications ,Image quality ,Quality assessment ,Computer science ,computer.software_genre ,Reference image ,Robustness (computer science) ,Image database ,Multi method ,Data mining ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,computer - Abstract
Considering that there is no single full reference image quality assessment method that could give the best performance in all situations, some multi-method fusion metrics were proposed. Machine learning techniques are often involved in such multi-method fusion metrics so that its output would be more consistent with human visual perceptions. On the other hand, the robustness and generalization ability of these multi-method fusion metrics are questioned because of the scarce of images with mean opinion scores. In order to comprehensively validate whether or not the generalization ability of such multi-method fusion IQA metrics are satisfying, we construct a new image database which contains up to 60 reference images. The newly built image database is then used to test the generalization ability of different multi-method fusion IQA metrics. Cross database validation experiment indicates that in our new image database, the performances of all the multi-method fusion IQA metrics have no statistical significant different with some single-method IQA metrics such as FSIM and MAD. In the end, a thorough analysis is given to explain why the performance of multi-method fusion IQA framework drop significantly in cross database validation. more...
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- 2019
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110. Migration Background in PISA’s Measure of Social Belonging: Using a Diffractive Lens to Interpret Multi-Method DIF Studies
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Bruno D. Zumbo and Nathan D. Roberson
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Diffractive lens ,Social Psychology ,Computer science ,Modeling and Simulation ,Econometrics ,Measure (physics) ,Achievement test ,Measurement invariance ,Regression analysis ,Multi method ,Test bias ,Education ,Student assessment - Abstract
This paper investigates measurement invariance as it relates to migration background using the Program for International Student Assessment measure of social belonging. We explore how the use of tw... more...
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- 2019
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111. Multi-method based algorithm for multi-objective problems under uncertainty
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Forhad Zaman, Daryl Essam, Ruhul A. Sarker, Carlos A. Coello Coello, and Saber M. Elsayed
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Structure (mathematical logic) ,Information Systems and Management ,Optimization problem ,Computer science ,Process (engineering) ,05 social sciences ,050301 education ,02 engineering and technology ,Decision problem ,Computer Science Applications ,Theoretical Computer Science ,Set (abstract data type) ,Artificial Intelligence ,Control and Systems Engineering ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Multi method ,Energy source ,0503 education ,Algorithm ,Software - Abstract
Many real-world decision problems consider more than one objective. These objectives usually conflict with each other. In the problem environments, many data and parameters are usually uncertain at the time of planning. So multi-objective optimization combined with uncertainty is a challenging research topic. To deal with the basic search process in such problems, in this paper, a new approach has been proposed that combines multiple population based algorithms under a single algorithm structure. To deal with the uncertainty, a dynamic scenario-based approach is developed and integrated with the search process, in which the number of scenarios is dynamically set during the solution process. This is a new way of solving multi-objective optimization problems under uncertainty. To judge the performance of the proposed approach, we have solved a set of standard test problems without uncertainty and a number of practical problems with uncertainty. The practical problems are the well-known dynamic economic and emission dispatch problems, with different combinations of energy sources. The experimental studies demonstrated that the proposed approach performs better than other well-known algorithms compared in this paper. more...
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- 2019
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112. Time-triggered camera traps versus line transects – advantages and limitations of multi-method studies for bird surveys
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Michael Reich and Nana Wix
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Multi method ,Line (text file) ,Transect ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Geology ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,Remote sensing - Abstract
Capsule: Time-triggered camera traps and line transects were compared in order to identify advantages and limitations of multi-method studies for bird surveys.Aims: To test whether, compare...
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- 2019
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113. Does self-acceptance captured by life narratives and self-report predict mental health? A longitudinal multi-method approach
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Sonja Rohrmann, Ana N. Tibubos, Christin Köber, and Tilmann Habermas
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Social Psychology ,Self-acceptance ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Life events ,Emotional words ,050109 social psychology ,Mental health ,050105 experimental psychology ,Personality ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Narrative ,Multi method ,Self report ,Psychology ,General Psychology ,media_common ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
We aimed to investigate the validity of different self-acceptance measures to predict mental health. Self-acceptance and negative life events, assessed via self-report and rated from life narratives (N = 149), served as predictors of mental health at baseline (T1) and four years later (T2). Path models showed distinguishable, complementary effects of self-reports and other-ratings. A moderate congruence of self- and other-ratings of self-acceptance was observed. Exploratory analyses revealed an association of self-acceptance with emotional words in life narratives. Controlling for negative life events, a positive link and a moderating effect of self-acceptance on mental health at T1, but no prediction of mental health at T2, were found. The study connects research on personality and narratives from a methodological and health psychological perspective. more...
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- 2019
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114. A multi-method approach for the assessment of natural background levels in groundwater
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Stefano Ghergo, Daniele Parrone, and Elisabetta Preziosi
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Percentile ,Environmental Engineering ,Natural background level ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Soil science ,Aquifer ,010501 environmental sciences ,Q-Q plot ,01 natural sciences ,Natural (archaeology) ,Normality test ,Environmental Chemistry ,Waste Management and Disposal ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,nitrates ,outliers ,arsenic ,Pollution ,pre-selection ,Outlier ,Environmental science ,Multi method ,Q–Q plot ,Groundwater - Abstract
The assessment of geochemical Natural Background Levels (NBLs) in groundwater, aims at distinguishing the naturally high levels of geogenic compounds from anthropogenic pollution. This is a fundamental issue in groundwater management, in particular when the concentration of inorganic compounds exceeds the threshold values set for the evaluation of the groundwater chemical status, as requested by environmental regulations. In this paper, we describe a new procedure that integrates the pre-selection method and statistical techniques, using the example of two case studies. The pre-selection aims to identify suitable groundwater samples for the NBLs assessment. The nitrate concentration threshold, for the removal of the groundwater samples affected by human activities, is established locally through different graphical and statistical approaches. Then, the statistical distribution of each compound is analyzed and the outliers are identified. Normality tests on the datasets allow one to select the most appropriate value, e.g. one percentile, to be adopted as NBL within the data distribution. In the selected case studies, we have defined the NBLs for As, F, Mn, Fe and SO4. The two sites are part of a volcanic-sedimentary aquifer in central Italy, where the geochemical background is frequently well above the standards for human consumption. The results of the simple and easily reproducible pre-selection method are strengthened by integration with statistical techniques, notably in selecting the appropriate percentile. New criteria are suggested for the choice of the nitrate threshold to be used for the pre-selection of uncontaminated samples. more...
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- 2019
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115. Intrusive social images in individuals with high and low social anxiety: a multi-method analysis
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Stephanie A. Houle-Johnson, Andrea R. Ashbaugh, and Keera N. Fishman
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Male ,050103 clinical psychology ,Adolescent ,Universities ,Anxiety ,050105 experimental psychology ,Developmental psychology ,Young Adult ,Memory ,Humans ,Interpersonal Relations ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Narrative ,Students ,05 social sciences ,Social anxiety ,Phobia, Social ,Cognition ,General Medicine ,Social relation ,Clinical Psychology ,Content analysis ,Imagination ,Female ,Multi method ,Psychology ,Anxiety scale ,Qualitative research - Abstract
Background:Models of social anxiety suggest that intrusive images/memories are common in social anxiety and contribute to the maintenance of social anxiety.Aims:We examined the context and phenomenological features of intrusive social images using quantitative and qualitative measures across various levels of social anxiety.Method:Undergraduate students (n = 191) completed measures of social anxiety (i.e. Social Interaction Anxiety Scale and Social Phobia Scale) and wrote a description of an intrusive social image. Individuals who reported an intrusive social image (n = 77) rated the frequency, interference and phenomenological (e.g. vividness, emotional intensity) characteristics of the image. A content analysis of the intrusive image narratives was completed by independent raters.Results:High social anxiety (HSA) increased the likelihood and frequency of experiencing intrusive images, and to some extent the interference caused by these images. However, the characteristics of these images with regard to their content and quality were similar across levels of social anxiety. Among participants who provided narratives, HSA individuals (n = 34) did not differ from low socially anxious (LSA) individuals (n = 28) in themes that reflect concerns about their own thoughts, actions and behaviours. However, HSA individuals reported greater concerns about how other individuals would react, and their intrusive images were often from an observer perspective when compared with LSA individuals.Conclusions:These results are interpreted in relation to cognitive models of emotion, memory and cognitive behavioural models of social anxiety. more...
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- 2019
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116. A multi-method analysis of incompleteness in behavioral treatment of contamination-based OCD
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Corinne N. Carlton, Natalie L. Wilver, Jesse R. Cougle, Grace A. Kennedy, and Brittany M. Mathes
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Male ,Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder ,Treatment response ,Adolescent ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Emotions ,Implosive Therapy ,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology ,Anxiety ,Young Adult ,Behavior Therapy ,Obsessive compulsive ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,medicine ,Humans ,Motivation ,Depression ,business.industry ,Behavioral treatment ,Fear ,Contamination ,medicine.disease ,Exposure and response prevention ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Clinical Psychology ,Treatment Outcome ,Harm avoidance ,Female ,Self Report ,Multi method ,business ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Contamination fear and washing compulsions are among the most common symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Though these symptoms have traditionally been viewed as being driven by a desire to avoid harm, recent research has highlighted the importance of feelings of incompleteness (INC) or not-just right experiences (NJREs) in this symptom dimension. However, no study to date has examined the extent to which INC/NJREs may be associated with treatment response for contamination symptoms. The current study used a multi-method approach to examine the role of INC/NJREs in treatment of contamination symptoms. Participants (n = 88) with elevated contamination symptoms, half of whom met for an OCD diagnosis, engaged in three sessions of exposure and response prevention (ERP) targeting contamination fears, and completed self-report and in vivo measures of INC/NJRES and contamination symptoms. ERP was associated with significant reductions in INC/NJREs. Further, changes in INC were associated with changes in contamination symptoms, independent of changes in harm avoidance. Greater discomfort in response to an in vivo NJRE task at pre-treatment predicted poor treatment response, though a self-report measure of INC did not predict response. These findings provide novel evidence for the importance of INC/NJREs in contamination-based OCD and its treatment. more...
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- 2019
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117. Silica Nanoparticle Synthesis and Multi-Method Characterisation
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Iseult Lynch, Eugenia Valsami-Jones, Pirutchada Musigapong, Narong Chanlek, Sophie Marie Briffa, and Siriwat Soontaranon
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Silica nanoparticles ,Materials science ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,Chemical engineering ,Mechanics of Materials ,Small-angle X-ray scattering ,Mechanical Engineering ,General Materials Science ,Multi method ,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ,Condensed Matter Physics - Abstract
The information provided by different characterisation methods when measuring particle size varies depending on the chosen technique and analytical approach (e.g. light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, spectroscopy, x-ray scattering). This in turn has an impact on the accuracy of the results as well as comparability between methods and overall confidence on the analyses. The present study used a common sol-gel reaction to synthesise amorphous silica nanoparticles (aSiNPs) and characterised the product purity and homogeneity. The reaction involved hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the presence of lysine, which acted as catalyst for the silica production and also as a capping agent for particle size control in a suspension kept at pH 8-10. According to DLS data, the stock suspension was stable for at least 6 months in Milli Q water without surfactant when kept at 4°C. This study focused on multi-method size and shape characterisation of the aSiNPs, involving the following techniques: DLS, TEM, FTIR, STEM and SAXS. These techniques provided information on hydrodynamic diameter, core particle dimensions, sphere equivalent size, and radius of gyration. Our results show two particle populations, one around 2 nm and the other around 7 nm in diameter. Notably, these two populations are not resolved (i.e. “visible”) by all methods used. more...
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- 2019
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118. Motives of watching drama series online among Egyptian youth Multi-method Approach
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Mai Magdy Abo Al Saoud
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Action (philosophy) ,Turkish ,Arabic ,language ,Gender studies ,Multi method ,Comedy ,Psychology ,Romance ,language.human_language ,Drama - Abstract
To sum up, the most favorable number of hours spent for watching online drama for males and females is 1-3 hours. Although, the American and Arabic drama series score the highest records, females favor Turkish drama series. For males, the most watched genre is action. While for females, the most watched genre is romance. The most watched genre for males and females is comedy. Adventurous and science fiction genres score good premium. The most interesting themes are social matters and human interest. For males and females, the most attractive features in drama series are idea, actors and actresses, and conflict; in addition, dialogue scores good premium. more...
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- 2019
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119. Memes against sexism? A multi-method analysis of the feminist protest hashtag #distractinglysexy and its resonance in the mainstream news media
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Katharina Lobinger, Cornelia Brantner, and Miriam Stehling
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Gender inequality ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,Media studies ,050801 communication & media studies ,Feminism ,0508 media and communications ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,050903 gender studies ,Mainstream ,Social media ,Sociology ,Multi method ,0509 other social sciences ,News media - Abstract
Hashtag feminism has become a popular tactic of online protest against gender inequality. Using the Twitter hashtag #distractinglysexy, women scientists posted pictures of themselves in labs or during field research to contest misogynist remarks by Nobel laureate Tim Hunt. We examined the resulting humorous and memetic discourse on Twitter as well as its coverage in news media combining a content analysis of the multimodal tweets with a qualitative discourse analysis of German and British news media. The results show that the ironic memes in which researchers addressed sexism in academia by parodying social norms and ideals of ‘sexiness’ yielded substantial media attention, but with differences in the two countries: While the hashtag #distractinglysexy initiated a broader debate on sexism and discrimination in academia in the UK news media discourse, in the German context, this form of ‘self-mediation’ was portrayed either as ‘something funny on the Web’ or as a harmful firestorm. more...
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- 2019
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120. Understanding information system success model and valence framework in sellers’ acceptance of cross-border e-commerce: a sequential multi-method approach
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Yanping Liu, Yi Cui, Jian Mou, and Jason F. Cohen
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Service quality ,Knowledge management ,business.industry ,Operational definition ,05 social sciences ,Economics, Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous) ,02 engineering and technology ,E-commerce ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Salient ,020204 information systems ,0502 economics and business ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Information system ,050211 marketing ,Multi method ,Valence (psychology) ,business ,Qualitative research - Abstract
As cross-border e-commerce becomes more popular among global consumers and more important to global trade, there is a growing need for e-commerce research that explores the factors contributing to the success of global electronic markets. Yet, most extant literature on cross-border e-commerce is carried out from a buyer’s perspective. In this study, we contribute by arguing that the success of cross-border e-commerce is also determined by the behavior of sellers and their decision on which platforms to participate. To accomplish our research, we apply a sequential multimethod approach and draw on the information system success model and valence framework to conceptualize our work. We carried out interviews in a qualitative study of Chinese cross-border e-commerce sellers to uncover the key factors about which these sellers may be concerned, and the reasons why they engage in cross-border e-commerce. Our work then develops new operational definitions for concepts of system quality, service quality, perceived benefit and perceived cost relevant to the context of cross-border e-commerce. Next, we develop and test a research model to identify the most salient factors using data collected from a sample of 198 sellers in a Chinese cross-border e-commerce platform. Our quantitative results explain over 67% of seller intentions to participate in cross-border platforms, with trust and perceived benefits most important to that decision process. While other factors such as service quality were also found important, perceived costs had no direct effect. The theoretical contributions of the work and the practical implications for cross-border platforms are presented. more...
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- 2019
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121. Women's desire for the kaleidoscope of authenticity, balance and challenge: A multi-method study of female health workers’ careers
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Denise M. Jepsen and Marjorie Spooner O'Neill
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Gender Studies ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Balance (accounting) ,Female health ,Gender studies ,Multi method ,Psychology ,computer ,Kaleidoscope ,computer.programming_language - Published
- 2019
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122. Eat, drink, and create content: a multi-method exploration of visual social media marketing content
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Chinintorn Nakhata, Alexa K. Fox, and George D. Deitz
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Marketing ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,050801 communication & media studies ,Advertising ,Literal and figurative language ,Popularity ,Social media marketing ,0508 media and communications ,0502 economics and business ,Eye tracking ,050211 marketing ,Business ,Multi method ,Content (Freudian dream analysis) - Abstract
As visual social media marketing (VSMM) content continues to increase in popularity, it is imperative for marketers to understand the elements of such marketing efforts that capture consumers atten... more...
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- 2019
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123. Influence of a multi-method style of narration style on stimulating learning environments in a museum
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Izabela Joanna Drygala, Wojciech Dulinski, and Dariusz Raś
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Narrative ,Multi method ,Psychology ,Style (sociolinguistics) ,Visual arts - Abstract
Influence of a multi-method style of narration style on stimulating learning environments in a museum
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- 2019
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124. Components of Multi-Method Methodologies
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Sergey Samoilenko and Kweku-Muata Osei-Bryson
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Computer science ,Multi method ,Data mining ,computer.software_genre ,computer - Published
- 2021
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125. Multi-Method Evaluation of Adaptive Systems
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Bauer, C., Masthoff, Judith, Herder, Eelco, Tintarev, Nava, Tkalčič, Marko, and Sub Human-Centered Computing
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Multi-methods ,Design evaluation ,Personalization ,Computer science ,02 engineering and technology ,Multiple methods ,Recommender system ,Adaptive systems ,Variety (cybernetics) ,Human–computer interaction ,020204 information systems ,Adaptive system ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Recommender systems ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Multi method ,Critical reflection ,Evaluation ,Software - Abstract
When evaluating personalized or adaptive systems, we frequently rely on one single evaluation objective and one single method. This remains us with “blind spots”. A comprehensive evaluation may require a thoughtful integration of multiple methods. This tutorial (i) demonstrates the wide variety of dimensions to be eval- uated, (ii) outlines the methodological approaches to evaluate these dimensions, (iii) pinpoints the blind spots when using only one ap- proach, (iv) demonstrates the benefits of multi-method evaluation, and (v) outlines the basic options how multiple methods can be integrated into one evaluation design. Participants familiarize with the wide spectrum of opportunities how adaptive or personalized systems may be evaluated, and have the opportunity to come up with evaluation designs that comply with the four basic options of multi-method evaluation. The ultimate learning objective is to stimulate the critical reflection of one’s own evaluation practices and those of the community at large. more...
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- 2021
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126. Multi-method geophysical investigation of moisture gradients in the critical zone near the Connecticut River, Hartland, Vermont
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Alejandro Garcia, Katrina Burch, Dan R. Glaser, Phil Reppert, Bonnie Jones, Dennis L. Brinkley, Mike Powers, Michele Maxson, and Ginger Boitnott
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Moisture ,Critical zone ,Multi method ,Geomorphology ,Geology - Published
- 2021
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127. BLATANT BENEVOLENCE AND SOCIAL CAPITAL ATTAINMENT ON SOCIAL NETWORK SITES – A MULTI-METHOD APPROACH
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Jiayuan Zhang
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Microeconomics ,Social network ,business.industry ,Sociology ,Multi method ,business ,Social capital - Published
- 2021
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128. Negative gossip decreases targets’ organizational citizenship behavior by decreasing social inclusion. A multimethod approach
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Martinescu, E., Jansen, W.S., Beersma, B., Leerstoel Derks, Work and Organizational Psychology: Occupational Health Psychology, Organization Sciences, Network Institute, Organization & Processes of Organizing in Society (OPOS), Leerstoel Derks, and Work and Organizational Psychology: Occupational Health Psychology more...
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Organizational citizenship behavior ,Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Field (Bourdieu) ,05 social sciences ,cooperation ,gossip target ,050109 social psychology ,organizational citizenship behavior ,Articles ,SDG 10 - Reduced Inequalities ,negative gossip ,SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Gossip ,0502 economics and business ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Multi method ,social inclusion ,10. No inequality ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,050203 business & management ,Applied Psychology - Abstract
Ample experimental evidence shows that negative gossip fosters cooperation in groups by increasing individuals’ reputational concerns. However, recent field studies showed that negative gossip decreases organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) among its targets (i.e., people whom gossip is about). Bridging these findings, we study the role of social inclusion in explaining how negative gossip affects targets’ engagement in OCB. Based on social exchange theory, we predict that targets of negative gossip experience low social inclusion. In turn, we propose that low social inclusion leads to low OCB of gossip targets. Results of three studies, a correlational study ( N = 563), a laboratory experiment ( N = 85), and an online scenario experiment ( N = 597), showed that being the target of negative gossip reduced social inclusion and indirectly decreased OCBs. Our multi-method approach bridges findings from research conducted in organizations and in laboratory experiments and offers a more nuanced understanding of the effects of negative gossip on targets’ behavior. We show that due to its detrimental effect on targets’ social inclusion, negative gossip may not be as effective for enabling sustainable cooperation as experimental studies claim it to be. more...
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- 2021
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129. A multi-method approach for beam characterization of microfading testers used in cultural heritage conservation science
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Julio M. del Hoyo-Meléndez, Pawel Swit, and Marco Gargano
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Cultural heritage ,Computer science ,Conservation science ,Multi method ,Construction engineering ,Beam (structure) ,Characterization (materials science) - Abstract
Microfading testers have become widely accepted by the conservation science community for establishing and recommending appropriate lighting conditions that minimize damage to collections. These devices offer the opportunity of measuring the photostability of cultural heritage objects due to their optical setup, which allows to conduct and quantify accelerated photoaging over a spot of approximately 0.5 mm. Also, by using a high sensitivity photodetector it is possible to measure spectrocolorimetric change before it is perceived by the human eye. Although a considerable amount of testing is currently performed with these instruments, there are still safety concerns in terms of possible damage to the objects due to the use of a high intensity spot during testing. Nevertheless microfadeometry is widely considered a nondestructive technique. The advantages and disadvantages of several methods used to determine the beam shape and intensity profiles are described with the aim of providing various options to microfading researchers interested in characterizing their irradiation spots. Conventional and imaging methods were employed and are compared in terms of their accuracy, cost, reliability, and technical features. It has been found that both methods provide beam width measurements in satisfactory agreement within experimental error. more...
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- 2021
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130. Women’s views on accepting COVID-19 vaccination during and after pregnancy, and for their babies: A multi-methods study in the UK
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Sandra Mounier-Jack, Beate Kampmann, Helen Skirrow, Lucia Riaposova, Sara Barnett, Beth Holder, Sadie Bell, and NATIONAL Institute of Health Research (NIHR)
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multivariate analysis ,COVID-19 Vaccines ,Sociodemographic Factors ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Ethnic group ,Mothers ,1110 Nursing ,1117 Public Health and Health Services ,Pregnancy ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Pandemic ,Ethnicity ,Medicine ,Humans ,Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ,Obstetrics & Reproductive Medicine ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Research ,Vaccination ,Obstetrics & Gynecology ,COVID-19 ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,Patient Acceptance of Health Care ,medicine.disease ,PERTUSSIS ,United Kingdom ,Family medicine ,Ethnic and Racial Minorities ,Income ,RG1-991 ,1114 Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine ,Female ,Multi method ,Pregnant Women ,Thematic analysis ,business ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Abstract
Background COVID-19 vaccines are advised for pregnant women in the United Kingdom (UK) however COVID-19 vaccine uptake among pregnant women is inadequate. Methods An online survey and semi-structured interviews were used to investigate pregnant women’s views on COVID-19 vaccine acceptability for themselves when pregnant, not pregnant and for their babies. One thousand one hundred eighty-one women, aged over 16 years, who had been pregnant since 23rd March 2020, were surveyed between 3rd August–11th October 2020. Ten women were interviewed. Results The majority of women surveyed (81.2%) reported that they would ‘definitely’ or were ‘leaning towards’ accepting a COVID-19 vaccine when not pregnant. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was significantly lower during pregnancy (62.1%, p p Conclusion Safety information on COVID-19 vaccines must be clearly communicated to pregnant women to provide reassurance and facilitate informed pregnancy vaccine decisions. Targeted interventions to promote COVID-19 vaccine uptake among ethnic minority and lower-income women may be needed. more...
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- 2021
131. Babytwins Study Sweden (BATSS): A multi-method infant twin study of genetic and environmental factors influencing infant brain and behavioral development
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Sven Bölte, Ana Maria Portugal, Monica Siqueiros Sanchez, Terje Falck-Ytter, Linnea Hamrefors, Angelica Ronald, Kristiina Tammimies, Irzam Hardiansyah, Lars Westberg, Lynnea Myers, Danyang Li, Charlotte Viktorsson, and Mark J. Taylor more...
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medicine.diagnostic_test ,Developmental cognitive neuroscience ,medicine ,Eye tracking ,Genomics ,Phenotypic trait ,Multi method ,Electroencephalography ,Psychology ,Twin study ,Zygosity ,Developmental psychology - Abstract
Twin studies can help us understand the relative contributions of genes and environment to phenotypic trait variation including attentional and brain activation measures. In terms of applying methodologies like electroencephalography (EEG) and eye tracking, which are key methods in developmental neuroscience, infant twin studies are almost non-existent. Here we describe the Babytwins Study Sweden (BATSS), a multi-method longitudinal twin study of 177 MZ and 134 DZ twin pairs (i.e. 622 individual infants) covering the 5 - 36 month time period. The study includes EEG, eye tracking and genetics, together with more traditional measures based on in-person testing, direct observation and questionnaires. The results show that interest in participation in research among twin parents is high, despite the comprehensive protocol. DNA analysis from saliva samples was possible in virtually all participants, allowing for both zygosity confirmation and polygenic score analyses. Combining a longitudinal twin design with advanced technologies in developmental cognitive neuroscience and genomics, BATSS represents a new approach in infancy research, which we hope to have impact across multiple disciplines in the coming years. more...
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- 2021
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132. Multi-methods Approach for Information Management Framework in Government Control in Human Resources
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Dr.Priyanka Nema
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Information management ,Government ,Knowledge management ,business.industry ,Control (management) ,Multi method ,Gap analysis ,business ,Human resources - Published
- 2021
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133. Comparing the roles of behaviour-specific beliefs in the associations between alexithymia and both non-suicidal self-injury and risky drinking: A multi-method assessment of expectancies
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Mark Boyes, Danyelle Greene, and Penelope Hasking
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Expectancy theory ,Alexithymia ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Psychological intervention ,Outcome expectancies ,medicine.disease ,Affect regulation ,Feeling ,Trait ,medicine ,Multi method ,Self-injury risky drinking ,Psychology ,Self-efficacy ,RZ400-408 ,Mental healing ,media_common ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Introduction Alexithymia, a trait encompassing difficulties identifying and describing one's feelings, and a tendency to focus externally, is positively associated with both non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and risky drinking. The relationships between alexithymia and both behaviours are well researched, however, it is unclear whether both associations are explained by similar behaviour-specific expectancies . The primary aim of the present research was to investigate and compare the indirect relationships between alexithymia and both behaviours through NSSI and drinking specific expectancies and refusal self-efficacy. The secondary aim was to compare lab-based and questionnaire-based measures of expectancies. Methods A sample of 259 students (80.31% female, Mage =19.98; SD = 1.49) answered a series of questionnaires and completed lab-based expectancy tasks to measure the variables of interest. Results Alexithymia was indirectly associated with both NSSI and risky drinking through behaviour-specific refusal self-efficacy. Thus, students with high levels of alexithymia may believe they are incapable of resisting engaging in self-injury or consuming alcohol in circumstances that warrant them to place attention on and/or appraise their feelings. Further, alexithymia was indirectly associated with NSSI through stronger affect regulation and weaker communication expectancies. However, alexithymia was not indirectly associated with risky drinking through drinking-specific expectancies. Limitations Cross-sectional methods preclude conclusions regarding temporal ordering. Conclusion Theoretically, these findings suggest that anticipated outcomes of NSSI and risky drinking may be different for university students. Clinically, the current results support interventions that challenge behaviour specific thoughts and beliefs for students who have difficulties identifying and describing feelings. more...
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- 2021
134. LCA Practices of Plastics and Their Recycling
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LCA ,WASTE ,recycling ,FRAMEWORK ,PACKAGING SYSTEMS ,LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT ,dynamic LCA ,multi method ,dynamic modeling ,DYNAMIC LCA ,END ,COMPOSITES ,PART 1 ,IMPACT ASSESSMENT ,SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT ,policy - Abstract
In a bid to help address the environmental footprints associated with products and services, life cycle assessment (LCA) applications have become increasingly popular throughout the years. This review summarizes some important methodological developments in recent years, such as the advent of dynamic LCA, as well as highlighting recent LCA applications in the context of plastics/recycling with a focus on their methodological choices. Furthermore, this review aims to offer a set of possible research lines to improve the gap between LCA and decision-making (policy). It was found that the majority of reviewed papers are mostly conservative in their methodological practice, employing mostly static analyses and making little use of other methods. In order to bridge the gap between LCA and policy, it is suggested to broaden system boundaries through the integration of dynamic modelling methods, incorporating interactions between fore- and background systems, and including behavioral components where relevant. In addition, advanced sampling routines to further explore and assess the policy space are recommended. This is of paramount importance when dealing with recycling processes as the molecules/polymers constituting the output of those processes have to be benchmarked in terms of costs and, crucially, their sustainability character against virgin ones. more...
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- 2021
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135. Accreditation of advanced clinical practice in musculoskeletal physiotherapy: Multi-methods analysis to inform implementation of advanced practice in the United Kingdom
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J. Hindle, Nicola R Heneghan, Alison Rushton, and Tim Noblet
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Clinical Practice ,Medical education ,business.industry ,Medicine ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Multi method ,business ,Accreditation - Published
- 2021
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136. Effects of household chaos and parental responsiveness on child executive functions: a novel, multi-method approach
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Ashwini Tiwari, Heather Prime, Krysta Andrews, Eric Duku, Andrea Gonzalez, Leslie Atkinson, and James R. Dunn
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Parents ,Mothers ,050105 experimental psychology ,Developmental psychology ,Executive functions ,Executive Function ,Psychology ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Association (psychology) ,Child ,Parental responsiveness ,General Psychology ,Household chaos ,Family Characteristics ,Home environment ,Parenting ,Psychological research ,Research ,05 social sciences ,General Medicine ,16. Peace & justice ,BF1-990 ,Female ,Multi method ,050104 developmental & child psychology - Abstract
Background Executive functions can be adversely affected by contextual risks in the home environment including chaos and parenting challenges. Furthermore, household chaos negatively influences parenting practices. Few studies, however, have examined the role of parenting in the association between household chaos and child executive functions. Methods Using a sample of 128 school-aged children (mean = 61.9 months, SD = 2.0, range 58–68 months) and their mothers, the present study examined direct and indirect effects (via parental responsiveness) of household chaos on child executive functioning. Multi-measures were used including performance-based assessments, behavioural observations, questionnaires, and video-home tours. Results Household chaos had both a direct effect on child executive functions (β = − .31, 95% CI [− .58, − .04]) and an indirect effect (β = − .05, 95% [− .13, − .01]) via parental responsiveness. Further, the indirect effect was only significant for household instability. Conclusion These findings indicate that parental responsiveness may be compromised by household chaos, with implications for the executive functions of school-aged children. Preventative strategies are needed to improve the stability in the home and strengthen parenting practices. more...
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- 2021
137. Towards multi-method geophysical sensing on submarine cables
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Zhensheng Jia, Ethan Williams, Shuang Yin, Miguel González Herráez, Rafael Rios Muller, Mattia Cantono, Antonio Mecozzi, Hugo F. Martins, Zhongwen Zhan, Jorge C. Castellanos, Valey Kamalov, and Zhichao Shen more...
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Submarine ,Multi method ,Geology ,Marine engineering - Abstract
The oceans present a major gap in geophysical instrumentation, hindering fundamental research on submarine earthquakes and the Earth’s interior structure, as well as effective earthquake and tsunami warning for offshore events. Emerging fiber-optic sensing technologies that can leverage submarine telecommunication cables present an new opportunity in filling the data gap. Marra et al. (2018) turned a 96 km long submarine cable into a sensitive seismic sensor using ultra-stable laser interferometry of a round-tripped signal. Another technology, Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS), interrogates intrinsic Rayleigh backscattering and converts tens of kilometers of dedicated fiber into thousands of seismic strainmeters on the seafloor (e.g., Lindsey et al., 2019; Sladen et al., 2019; Williams et al., 2019; Spica et al., 2020). Zhan et al. (2021) successfully sensed seismic and water waves over a 10,000 km long submarine cable connecting Los Angeles and Valparaiso, by monitoring the polarization of regular optical telecommunication channels. However, these new technologies have substantially different levels of sensitivity, coverage, spatial resolution, and scalability. In this talk, we advocate that strategic combinations of the different sensing techniques (including conventional geophysical networks) are necessary to provide the broadest coverage of the seafloor while making high-fidelity, physically interpretable measurements. Strategic collaborations between the geophysics community and telecommunication community without burdening the telecomm operation (e.g., by multiplexing or using regular telecom signals) will be critical to the long term success. Marra, G., C. Clivati, R. Luckett, A. Tampellini, J. Kronjäger, L. Wright, A. Mura, F. Levi, S. Robinson, A. Xuereb, B. Baptie, D. Calonico, 2018. Ultrastable laser interferometry for earthquake detection with terrestrial and submarine cables. Science, eaat4458.Lindsey, N.J., T. C. Dawe, J. B. Ajo-Franklin, 2019. Illuminating seafloor faults and ocean dynamics with dark fiber distributed acoustic sensing. Science. 366, 1103–1107.Sladen, A., D. Rivet, J. P. Ampuero, L. De Barros, Y. Hello, G. Calbris, P. Lamare, 2019. Distributed sensing of earthquakes and ocean-solid Earth interactions on seafloor telecom cables. Nat Commun. 10, 5777.Spica, Z.J., Nishida, K., Akuhara, T., Pétrélis, F., Shinohara, M. and Yamada, T., 2020. Marine Sediment Characterized by Ocean‐Bottom Fiber‐Optic Seismology. Geophysical Research Letters, 47(16), p.e2020GL088360.Williams, E.F., M. R. Fernández-Ruiz, R. Magalhaes, R. Vanthillo, Z. Zhan, M. González-Herráez, H. F. Martins, 2019. Distributed sensing of microseisms and teleseisms with submarine dark fibers. Nat Commun. 10, 5778.Zhan, Z., M. Cantono, V. Kamalov, A. Mecozzi, R. Muller, S. Yin, J.C. Castellanos, 2021. Optical polarization-based seismic and water wave sensing on transoceanic cables. Science, in press. more...
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- 2021
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138. The effect of testosterone on economic risk-taking: A multi-study, multi-method investigation
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Justin M. Carré, Steven J. Stanton, Bernard Goldfarb, Pierre L. Bonin, and Keith M. Welker
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Economic decision making ,Endocrine and Autonomic Systems ,Decision Making ,Testosterone (patch) ,Replicate ,030227 psychiatry ,Developmental psychology ,Economic risk ,03 medical and health sciences ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Risk-Taking ,Double-Blind Method ,Loss aversion ,Humans ,Testosterone ,Multi method ,Neuroeconomics ,Risk taking ,Psychology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Testosterone has been suggested to influence individuals' economic decision making, yet the effects of testosterone on economic behavior are not well-understood and existing research is equivocal. In response, in three studies, we examined the extent to which testosterone affected or was associated with several different facets of economic decision making. Study 1 was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subjects study examining loss aversion and risk-taking (N = 26), whereas Study 2 was a larger double-blind, placebo-controlled, between-subjects study examining loss aversion and risk-taking behavior (N = 117). As a methodological compliment, Study 3 was a larger correlational design (N = 213) with a highly accurate measure of endogenous testosterone examining a wider range of economic behaviors and trait-like preferences. Broadly, the results of all three studies suggest no consistent relationship between testosterone and financial behavior or preferences. Although there were significant effects in specific cases, these findings did not replicate in other studies or would not remain significant when controlling for family-wise error rate. We consider potential contextual moderators that may determine under what circumstances testosterone affects economic decision making. more...
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- 2021
139. Multi-method approach for high resolution 3D data based process analyses of compound rock slides
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Volker Wichmann, Christian Zangerl, Volkmar Mair, Christine Fey, and Klaus Voit
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business.industry ,Computer science ,Process (computing) ,High resolution ,Multi method ,Process engineering ,business - Abstract
The use of high resolution 3D point clouds and digital terrain models (DTM) from laserscanning or photogrammetry becomes more and more state of the art in landslide studies. Based on a multi-temporal terrestrial laserscanning (TLS) dataset of the deep-seated compound rockslide Laatsch, South Tyrol, we present a multi-method approach to characterize processes such as sliding, falling, toppling, and flows. Sliding is the predominant process of the Laatsch rockslide, accompanied by secondary processes such as rockfall, debris flows and erosion. The presented methods are applicable to all kind of 3D point clouds and not limited to TLS data. For remote sensing-based landslide analyses a distinction between two classes of surface processes is necessary: i) processes where the original surface is destroyed and no correlations between the shape and texture of the pre- and post-failure surfaces can be found (falls, rapid flows, rapid slides) and ii) processes where the surface is displaced without major surface changes (slow slides, slow flows and toppling). For processes where the original surface is destroyed, the distance between the pre- and post-failure terrain surface is measured with the aim to delineate the scarp and depositional area, and to quantify the failure volume as well as the scarp thickness. With DTMs of differences (DoD), the distance is measured along the plumb line. DoDs can be used to quickly and reliably assess the volume and extent of fall processes on flat to moderate slopes. For steep or even overhanging terrain, a 3D distance measurement approach must be used, where the distance is measured along the local surface normal. After 3D distance measurement, the volume of steep scarp areas can be calculated by first rotating, the point cloud into the horizontal plane (by making use of the average surface normal) and by interpolating the rotated 3D distance measurement values into a grid. Summing up the distances and multiplying with the cell area of the grid yields the scrap rupture volume. Remote sensing-based analyses of sliding and toppling processes are more complex compared to fall processes because the displaced surface patch must be detected in both surveys. Displacement analyses based on image correlation of ambient occlusion shaded relief images, together with DTMs of both epochs, are used to analyse the displacement of the entire rockslide area. The result is a map with displacement vectors. Disadvantages of image correlation are the coarse spatial resolution and the inability, as it is a 2.5D approach, to deal with steep slope parts. To analyse the displacement and toppling of steep rock walls a combination of the 3D distance measurement approach and an iterative closest point (ICP) based approach is applied. The 3D distance measurement values are clustered and used for a segmentation of the point cloud. In a next step, the ICP is applied on each of the resulting segments. This approach can deal with 3D displacements. The results are still sensitive towards the geometric contrast within the segments and not fully automated yet. more...
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- 2021
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140. Employer Engagement and Active Labour Market Policies. Evidence from a Norwegian Multi-Method Study
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Janikke Solstad Vedeler and Christer Hyggen
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Labour economics ,Sociology and Political Science ,Mixed-methods data ,05 social sciences ,Inclusive working lives ,Norwegian ,Active labour market policies ,Training (civil) ,language.human_language ,0506 political science ,Outreach ,Employers ,Work (electrical) ,Work training ,0502 economics and business ,Political Science and International Relations ,050602 political science & public administration ,language ,Business ,Multi method ,Social responsibility ,050203 business & management - Abstract
Using Work Training in Norway as a case, this article provides insight into motivation and structural factors that impact employer engagement with active labour market policies (ALMP) targeting young people. Drawing on mixed-methods data, we find a substantial proportion of Norwegian employers engage in Work Training. Both social responsibility and the economic interests of the company influence employers’ motivation for committing to Work Training. The findings reveal that the structural factors of business size and sector are crucial determinants of employer behaviour when it comes to hiring Work Training candidates. Although improved outreach activities by local job centres may be important, the article argues that efforts towards opening up sectors closed by sector-specific regulations on hiring, and increased awareness of structural constraints, are similarly important. This research was funded by the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration through a Research and Development grant. more...
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- 2021
141. A multi-method chemometric analysis in spectroelectrochemistry: Case study on molybdenum mono-dithiolene complexes
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Mathias Sawall, Christian Fischer, Sebastian Pätsch, Benedict J. Elvers, and Klaus Neymeyr
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Molybdenum ,Resolution (mass spectrometry) ,Chemistry ,Component (thermodynamics) ,Spectrum Analysis ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Electrochemical Techniques ,Biochemistry ,Decomposition ,Chemical reaction ,Analytical Chemistry ,Environmental Chemistry ,Ambiguity problem ,Multi method ,Cyclic voltammetry ,Biological system ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
Spectroelectrochemical (SEC) analyses combine spectroscopic measurements with electrochemical techniques and can provide deep insight into complex multi-component chemical reaction systems. SEC experiments typically produce large amounts of spectroscopic data. Chemometric techniques are required for the data analysis and aim at extracting the underlying pure component information. Here we analyze spectroelectrochemically gained UV–vis data from five molybdenum mono-dithiolene complexes with changing redox states. SEC enables an electrochemical control of the mixture composition which supports the application of chemometric curve resolution techniques. The factor ambiguity problem is addressed by a multi-method approach combining chemometric tools from the evolving factor analysis (EFA) and from the area of feasible solutions (AFS) methodology in combination with factor duality arguments. EFA enables a subsystem analysis. Two subsystems with three species each are identified, which belong to a reductive and to an oxidative region. A joint species is contained in both regions. A complete pure component decomposition becomes possible in a final step. more...
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- 2021
142. Mapping the professional learning of primary teachers in Vietnam: a multi-method case study
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Ngoc Hai Tran, Thang Dinh Truong, and Philip Hallinger
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Process (engineering) ,05 social sciences ,Professional development ,050401 social sciences methods ,050301 education ,Education ,primary school teachers ,0504 sociology ,model practices ,Vietnam ,Professional learning community ,Mathematics education ,Sociology ,Multi method ,Teacher professional learning activities ,0503 education - Abstract
Over the past 20years, teacher professional learning as been reconceptualised as a process that is initiated during pre-service preparation but which continues in the form of job-embedded and collaborative learning activities. Researchers ave mapped the range of professional learning activities employed in selected Western and Asian societies. The current case study used a variety of qualitative data sources including open-ended interviews with the principal and teachers, observations of meetings and documents analysis, to identify model practices used to foster teacher learning in one primary school in a central province of Vietnam. The research identified nine professional learning activities for teachers, comprised of both external and school-based activities. These activities are described in detail and also linked to features of the Vietnamese social, political and cultural context under the lens of phenomenological analysis. Doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/19415257.2021.1879218 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348853637_Mapping_the_professional_learning_of_primary_teachers_in_Vietnam_a_multi-method_case_study more...
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- 2021
143. Supportive care needs of patients with rare chronic diseases: multi-method, cross-sectional study
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Victor-Felix Mautner, Bernd Löwe, Natalie Uhlenbusch, Yskert von Kodolitsch, Miram K Depping, and Hans Klose
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cross-sectional study ,lcsh:Medicine ,Human sexuality ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Multidisciplinary approach ,Germany ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Humans ,Medicine ,Daily living ,Pharmacology (medical) ,In patient ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Disease management (health) ,Patient reported outcomes ,Genetics (clinical) ,Health Services Needs and Demand ,business.industry ,Research ,Psychosocial support ,lcsh:R ,Social Support ,Patient preferences ,General Medicine ,Rare diseases ,Supportive care needs ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Reference sample ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Family medicine ,Chronic Disease ,Female ,Multi method ,business - Abstract
Background In the absence of a cure for the majority of rare diseases, the disease management aims to provide optimal supportive care. The goal of this study was to assess supportive care needs in patients with chronic rare diseases. Methods Cross-sectional mixed-method study was conducted using validated self-report scales and open-ended questions to assess supportive care needs. Participants affected by rare diseases across Germany were contacted via patient organizations and centers for rare diseases. N = 304 participants with 81 different rare diseases completed the study, 81.6% were female, mean age was 44.2 years (SD = 12.8, range 16–74). The quantitative results regarding supportive care needs were compared to a reference population of patients affected by cancer (N = 888). Main outcomes were unmet supportive care needs of patients with rare diseases, as assessed by the Supportive Care Needs Survey (SNCS-SF34) and an open-ended question on support wishes. Results Patients with rare diseases did not feel sufficiently supported with regard to psychological support, health system and information, physical and daily living, patient care and support, and sexuality needs. The unmet supportive care needs were significantly higher in the patient sample with rare diseases compared to the SCNS-SF34 reference sample of patients with cancer. 60% of patients with rare diseases did not feel sufficiently socially supported. Conclusions Patients affected by rare diseases have high unmet support needs in all areas studied. Multidisciplinary care, including psychological support and the provision of information regarding the healthcare system, treatment options, disease course and sexuality, might help address these needs. more...
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- 2021
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144. Latent structure of psychotic-like experiences in adolescents: Evidence from a multi-method taxometric study of a school-based sample in Ghana
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Samuel Adjorlolo, Adote Anum, and Paul Adjorlolo
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Schools ,Adolescent ,Substance-Related Disorders ,Context (language use) ,Sample (statistics) ,Ghana ,030227 psychiatry ,Adolescent population ,03 medical and health sciences ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,0302 clinical medicine ,Psychotic Disorders ,Humans ,School based ,Multi method ,Latent structure ,Psychology ,Sleep ,Categorical variable ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Biological Psychiatry ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are subclinical psychotic symptoms that occur outside the context of sleep or are unrelated to drug use. PLEs of varying severity are reportedly very common in adolescence. However, there are concerns about whether the structure of PLEs among adolescents is latently dimensional or categorical (“taxonic”). The current study investigates the latent structure of PLEs in 1,886 adolescents recruited from senior high schools in Ghana. Four multivariate taxometric procedures (MAMBAC, MAXEIG, l -Mode and MAXSLOPE) were applied to analyze the data. Across the taxometric procedures, there was evidence that a dimensional structure underpins positive PLEs, negative PLEs and a combination of positive and negative PLEs. The findings suggest that PLEs are distributed in the adolescent population at differing degrees/severity and that evidence of discontinuity between milder and more severe PLEs is non-existent. The findings highlight the importance of incorporating a dimensional assessment of PLEs into the existing categorical approach so that differences between people can been seen as quantitative variations along the PLEs continuum. more...
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- 2021
145. A Classic Multi-method Collaborative Obfuscation Strategy
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Zhibin Zhang, Yuanzhang Li, Yujie Ma, Ruyun Zhang, Xiaosong Zhang, and Lu Liu
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Programming language ,Computer science ,business.industry ,ComputingMilieux_LEGALASPECTSOFCOMPUTING ,Multiple methods ,computer.software_genre ,JavaScript ,Obfuscation (software) ,ComputingMilieux_MANAGEMENTOFCOMPUTINGANDINFORMATIONSYSTEMS ,Software ,Code (cryptography) ,Multi method ,business ,computer ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
Code obfuscation is a kind of powerful protection technique for software code. At present, research on obfuscation techniques is mainly focused on analyzing the effect of single obfuscation method, leaving few discussions on cooperative obfuscation of multiple methods. This paper firstly presented a brief introduction of the concept and methods of code obfuscation, then designed and implemented an obfuscator with multiple obfuscation methods. Then, a collaborative obfuscation strategy suitable for multiple obfuscation methods is proposed in detail. Finally, we verified that the obfuscation strategy indeed improves the performance of obfuscation through experiments. more...
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- 2021
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146. A multi-method assessment of attentional processes in chronic, treatment-resistant depression
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Laura M.S. De Putter, Eni S. Becker, Rudi De Raedt, Anne E. M. Speckens, Ernst H. W. Koster, Mira B. Cladder-Micus, Jan Spijker, and Janna N. Vrijsen
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Emotions ,Stress-related disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 13] ,Social Sciences ,Audiology ,Attentional bias ,behavioral disciplines and activities ,Experimental Psychopathology and Treatment ,Attentional Bias ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center ,medicine ,Humans ,Attention ,Depression (differential diagnoses) ,Biological Psychiatry ,Depressive Disorder, Major ,Depression ,Depressive disorder ,Attentional control ,medicine.disease ,030227 psychiatry ,Emotion context insensitivity ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,Attentional deficits ,Color naming ,Multi method ,Biological psychiatry ,Treatment-resistant depression ,Psychology ,Chronic depression ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Stroop effect - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 233751.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Attentional deficits as well as attentional biases towards negative material are related to major depression and might maintain chronicity. However, studies investigating attentional deficits and attentional biases in chronic, treatment-resistant depressed are lacking. The aim of the current study was to compare measures of attentional deficits and attentional bias between chronic, treatment-resistant depressed outpatients and never-depressed control participants. Attentional deficits were assessed with the attentional control scale (ACS) and the Stroop Color naming task. Attentional bias was measured with the exogenous cueing task (ECT) and an emotional Stroop task. Chronic, treatment-resistant depressed patients (n=80) showed significantly more attentional deficits than never-depressed controls (n=113) on the ACS and Stroop color-naming task. However, in contrast with hypotheses, no differences were found between chronic, treatment-resistant depressed patients and never-depressed individuals on the ECT or emotional Stroop task. The current findings indicate that chronic, treatment-resistant depressed patients present attentional deficits. The results however question whether this patient group shows attentional biases for negative material. Future research should include comparisons of chronic, treatment-resistant and non-chronically depressed patients. If replicated, these current results might indicate that focusing on improving attentional deficits could be a more promising target for treatment than addressing attentional biases. 9 p. more...
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- 2021
147. Multi-method investigation of mass transfer mechanisms in a retrogressive clayey landslide (Harmaliere, French Alps)
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Guillaume Chambon, Sylvain Fiolleau, Pascal G. Lacroix, Marc Wathelet, Denis Jongmans, Michel Demierre, Agnès Helmstetter, Grégory Bièvre, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Gustave Eiffel-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), InfraSurvey Sarl, French VOR federative structure, French national C2ROP project, project SIMOTER 1 - European Union under the ERDF -POIA program, French government under the FNADT -CIMA program, ANR-15-IDEX-0002,UGA,IDEX UGA(2015), and ANR-10-LABX-0056,OSUG@2020,Innovative strategies for observing and modelling natural systems(2010) more...
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021110 strategic, defence & security studies ,Earthflow ,[SDU.STU.GP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph] ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Landslide ,02 engineering and technology ,Slip (materials science) ,Headscarp ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,Retrogression ,Aerial photography ,Passive seismic ,Mass transfer ,Natural hazard ,Clayey landslide ,Multi method ,Geology ,Seismology ,021101 geological & geomatics engineering - Abstract
International audience; The mass transfer mechanisms in landslides are complex to monitor because of their suddenness and spatial coverage. The active clayey Harmalière landslide, located 30 km south of Grenoble in the French Alps, exhibits two types of behavior: in its upper part, decameter-sized clay blocks slide along a listric slip surface, while a flow-like mechanism is observed in a clayey remolded material a few hundred meters below the headscarp. The landslide underwent a major retrogression affecting 45 ha in March 1981 and has experienced multiple reactivations since then. The last major event took place on the 26th of June 2016, and a large investigation survey was conducted to better understand the reactivation mechanism. A multi-method investigation was carried out at different temporal and spatial scales, including aerial photograph and light detection and ranging processing, correlation of optical satellite images, global navigation satellite system monitoring, continuous seismic monitoring, and passive seismic survey. The morphological evolution of the landslide was traced over the last 70 years, showing a headscarp retrogression of 700 m during multiple reactivations and a total mass transfer of more than 6 × 106 m3. The detailed study of the 2016 event allowed to track and understand the mechanism of a mass transfer of 1 × 106 m3 in 5 weeks, from a sliding mechanism at the headscarp to an earthflow at the toe. more...
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- 2021
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148. A geophysical multi-method approach to investigate the archaeological landscape of Lanakerveld (NL)
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Sandra Kniess, Burkart Ullrich, Philippe De Smedt, Henning Zoellner, Lena Lambers, Walter Laan, Rudolf Kniess, and Ivo van Wijk
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multiphase site ,Archeology ,Geophysical prospection ,History and Archaeology ,palimpsest ,Prospecting ,Multi method ,magnetic prospection ,EMI ,Archaeology ,multi-method ,Geology - Abstract
– Large scale geophysical prospection of an archaeological landscape in the Netherland. – Integrated and multimethodological approach for archaeological interpretation. – Challenges for the prospecting and interpretation of multiperiod archaeological sites. more...
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- 2021
149. Should Price Cannibalization be Avoided or Embraced? A Multi-Method Investigation
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Atabak Mehrdar and Ting Li
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History ,Revenue management ,Polymers and Plastics ,Operations research ,Computer science ,Multi method ,Business and International Management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Multi channel ,Cannibalization - Published
- 2021
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150. Architecture of Belonging – A Social Identity-based Design Theory of Community Identification in Multiplayer Video Games
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Bjoern Niehaves, Marius Müller, Samuli Laato, and Bastian Kordyaka
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Human–computer interaction ,Designtheory ,Multi method ,Architecture ,Social identity theory ,Psychology - Published
- 2021
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