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Disease is a threat that can be obstruct the fish growth. Argulus is one of the parasite that need to be watched out because it can interfere the fish growth, and cause secondary of infections that are dangerous for fish. The purpose of this study was to determine the benefits of noni for survival rate of fish and to determine the appropriate concentration of noni extract for culture the fish. This study uses a descriptive method to explain the results of the study. The results showed that giving noni extract at a dose of 1 drop / liter was able to make the argulus break away from fish and noni extract was effective in increasing fish immunity. Keywords Morinda, Parasite, comet fish

Noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia) is one of the most common plants inIndonesia. This plant is often found in various regions in Indonesia, where theseplants are often in the form of shrubs or wild plants that grow in yards orplantations. This study aims to assess the effect of noni (Morinda citrifolia) fruitextract on blood sugar levels and the expression of GLUT4 protein in muscletissue which shows the potential of the test extract's ability to improve bloodglucose intake to cells so that it can maintain blood sugar regulation. Thisresearch was an experimental study that used white rats as research subject.Induction of diabetes was done by injecting alloxan at a dose of 110 mg/kg BWintraperitoneally; then the white rats were given 10% glucose to drink. Alloxan-induced white rats showed a very significant increase in blood sugar levels,where the use of the drug metformin was able to reduce blood sugar levelssignificantly. In white rats induced with diabetes mellitus, there was a decreasein GLUT4 levels in muscle tissue. The administration of metformin drugs or nonifruit extracts shows the ability to increase levels of GLUT4 protein. In conclusion,noni fruit extract affects lowering blood sugar levels in diabetes mellitus whiterats by increasing glucose intake to cells and tissues.

Background The use of herbs in combination with drugs in treatment of malaria is increasing, and this necessitated research on the possible antagonistic, additive, potentiation or synergistic properties of commonly used plants with standard drugs in treatment of malaria. In this study, extracts of Morindamorindiodes (Mm) root, Morindalucida (ML) leaf and Vernonia amygdalina (Va) leaf were combined with artesunate (Ar) and assessed for anti-malarial activities against established Plasmodium berghei NK65 infection in 45 experimental mice randomly distributed into 9 groups and treated at a graded dose of 100 mg/kg for the herbs and herbs–drugs combination, while chloroquine and artesunate was administered at 10 mg/kg Results At the end the sixth day, Mm root extract, ML and Va leaf extract reduced parasitaemia by 86.83%, 84.20% and 48.10%, respectively (p M. lucida, M. morindiodes and V. amygdalina with artesunate significantly reduced the chemosuppression to 89.93%, 89.43% and 86.93%, respectively. Conclusion This study showed that though the extracts of Morinda morindiodes and Morinda lucida possess convincing antiplasmodial effect when administered singly, the combination of these extracts with artesunate could not produce total parasite clearance. There is need to enlighten the public on the possible setback associated with combined use of antimalarial plants with antimalaria drugs.

The M. citrifolia, commonly called starvation fruit, plays an essential role in daily dietary intakes, as it contains several vitamins, phytochemicals, and electrolytes. These constituents have several biological activities that are anti-tumor, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and play a role in the immune system. The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using a more uncomplicated and fast means using the M. citrifolia fruit samples. The Silver ions (Ag+) readily get reduced to (Ag0) to perform M. Citrifolia AgNPs hence the fruit extracts of M. Citrifolia can be considered potential lowering agents. The preliminary confirmation was done qualitatively by change of color into brownish-black, and the color change was observed due to bio-reduction and the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) vibration. It was established by the absorbance peak at 430 nm using UV–Visible spectral analysis. Scanning Electron microscopy (SEM) showed the particle size ranging from 12 to 26 nm. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of the functional groups from synthesized M. citrifolia AgNPs. The biochemical studies were supported by the effect of antioxidant and anticancer properties of M. citrifolia AgNPs. The pathological changes were studied using hematoxylin, and Eosin staining in Albino mice, which was no tumor (Ehrlich ascites carcinoma) cell invasion exhibited in Fluorouracil treated group. The present investigation proves that the M. citrifolia fruit extract derived AgNPs is a promising antioxidant agent to treat liver cancer.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevailing bone metabolic disease. Morinda officinalis polysaccharide (MOP) has biological activities and medicinal potential. This study explored its mechanism in OP. Rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) were pretreated with low/high concentrations of MOP and subjected to osteogenic differentiation (OD) or adipogenic differentiation (AD) induction. The protein markers of OD (RUNX2 and BMP2) and AD (CEBPα and PPARγ) and miR-21 expression were detected. miR-21 was overexpressed to study its effects on rBMSC OD and AD. rBMSCs were transfected with miR-21 inhibitor and treated with high concentration of MOP for verification. The targeted relationship between miR-21 and PTEN was verified by bioinformatics and dual-luciferase assay. The PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway-related proteins were detected. Ovariectomy (OVX)-induced OP rats were treated with MOP. Rat bone mineral density (BMD), serum bone metabolism indexes bone-derived alkaline phosphatase (BALP), and osteocalcin (BGP) levels were assessed by BMD detectors and ELISA kits. miR-21 expression in rBMSCs was detected. After treatment with low/high concentrations of MOP, the OD of rBMSCs was increased and AD was inhibited and miR-21 was upregulated. miR-21 overexpression enhanced the OD of rBMSCs and inhibited AD. miR-21 knockdown reversed the effect of high concentration of MOP on rBMSCs. miR-21 targeted PTEN. After treatment with low/high concentrations of MOP, PI3K, and AKT phosphorylation were increased and the PI3K/AKT pathway was activated. BMD, BALP, BGP, and miR-21 levels in OVX rats were decreased. MOP partially alleviated OP in OVX rats. Briefly, MOP enhanced rBMSC OD and inhibited AD via the miR-21/PTEN/PI3K/AKT axis.

This study analyzed the morphological and ultrastructural effects of damnacanthal and nordamnacanthal on T-lymphoblastic leukemia CEM-SS cells.Light microscopy, Giemsa staining, Wright's staining, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were carried out to determine apoptosis, necrosis, and ultrastructural changes that occurred within the cells.The outcomes showed that these compounds induced cell death by apoptosis and necrosis, specifically at higher doses of 10 and 30 μg/mL. Condensation and fragmentation of the nuclear chromatin, which further separated into small, membrane-bound vesicles known as apoptotic bodies, were observed in the nuclei and cytoplasm. The plasma membranes and cytoskeletons also showed marked morphological changes upon treatment with damnacanthal and nordamnacanthal, indicating apoptosis.Therefore, we report that damnacanthal and nordamnacanthal exhibit anticancer properties by inducing apoptosis and necrosis in CEM-SS cells, and they have potential as a drug for the treatment of T-lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background: The fruits, leaves and roots of Morinda species are used in the treatment of inflammations, cancers, diabetes, psychiatric disorders, bacterial and viral infections. However, no study has been conducted on chemical profiling, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of leaves of seven Indian Morinda species. Aim: The study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of methanol extract of seven Indian Morinda species. Material and Methods: The total contents of iridoids, flavonoids, anthraquinone glycosides, triterpenoids, lignans and coumarins from methanol extract of each species were determined by using different established protocols. The anti-inflammatory activity of methanol extracts of each species was evaluated using carrageenan and CFA-induced arthritis in male Wistar albino rats. In vivo, antioxidant activity was determined by estimating the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione and malondialdehyde in liver and kidney homogenates of male Wistar rats. The antimicrobial activity of methanol extracts of all seven species was determined by using the microdilution method against selected microbes. Results: Different values of total contents of iridoids, flavonoids, anthraquinone glycosides, triterpenoids, lignans, and coumarins were achieved from methanol extract of leaf of M. umbellata, M. jasminoides, M. reticulata, M. parvifolia and M. persicaefolia. The potent anti-inflammatory effect was demonstrated (carrageenan-induced paw oedema model) by methanol extract of leaves of M. umbellata at 50 mg/kg dose. Similarly, M. umbellata methanol extract showed maximum antiarthritic effect against CFA-induced arthritis on the 17th day (p.o.). Maximum SOD levels in liver and kidney homogenates were increased by the methanol extract of M. persicaefolia. The catalase concentration was enhanced by the methanol extract of M. jasminoides. GSH level was raised by the methanol extract of leaves of M. umbellata, but M. royoc reduced the levels of MDA in treated animals. The methanol extract of M. parvifolia leaves displayed maximum antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae. M. persicaefolia methanol extract showed the strongest antifungal activity against P. chrysogenum. Conclusion: The methanol extract of leaves of M. jasminoides, M. reticulata, M. parvifolia, M. umbellata and M. persicaefoli showed promising anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial effects on the studied experimental models.

Methanolic extract of Morinda citrifolia unripe fruit (MMC) was tested against heroin addiction using a mouse modified runway model of drug‑seeking. Habituation sessions were carried out for 10 min/d for 3 days. On day 0, the total run time of each mouse was noted (the start box to goal box) during the preconditioning test. This was followed by the conditioning session (30 min), in which the animals were conditioned with escalating doses of heroin hydrochloride (5, 10, 20, 40 and 40 mg/kg) for 5 days upon entry into the goal box. On day 6, the run time of each mouse, from start to goal box, was recorded during the post conditioning test. Extinction trials were performed for the next 5 days, in which no drug/saline was injected upon goal box entry. On day 13, a priming dose of heroin (8 mg/kg) was given to reinstate drug seeking in the mice. MMC given as oral doses (1, 3 and 5 g/kg) dose‑dependently prolonged the run time to reach the goal box, indicating MMC attenuated heroin reinforcement. Moreover, MMC (5 g/kg) was found to reverse the heroin‑seeking on extinction trial 1 and 2. MMC was also found to reverse heroin‑induced reinstatement in mice. This study demonstrates that MMC attenuated heroin seeking at different phases of drug self‑administration in a mouse modified runway model.

Morinda officinalis has diverse pharmacological effects and has the potential to be used as functional food and medicine. Fermentation is traditionally used to process Morinda officinalis. However, the toxicological profile of fermented Morinda officinalis (FMO) is not reported. In the present study, the toxicological characteristics of FMO were assessed for the first time. FMO did not show any genotoxicity based on the Ames test, mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test, and mouse primary spermatocyte chromosome aberration test. FMO administered by gavage in mice and rats at a dose of 20 g/kg BW did not induce death or toxicity based on acute study, indicating that FMO could be regarded as non-toxic at the tested dose. In the 90-day subchronic toxicity study, rats fed with FMO at the maximum dose of 8 g/kg BW did not affect mortalities, BW, food consumption, organ weights, hematology, serum biochemistry, or urinalysis. The no observed adverse effect level of FMO in both sexes was not less than 8 g/kg BW/day based on subchronic toxicity. The obtained results support the safe use of FMO as functional food and medicine.

Morinda citrifolia fruit (Noni) has been used as a folk medicine in several countries. Noni possessed various pharmacological activities such as; anticancer, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antarthritic, and antioxidants. The present study evaluated pharmacognostic properties, profiling of active constituent through High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometer (LC-HRMS) run for quantitative and qualitative phytochemical analysis and determining angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor activity of Noni from three different locations. The physicochemical parameters of crude drugs and extracts met the requirement of Indonesian Herbal Pharmacopeia. Total phenol content was 2.16-3.08 mg GAE/g extract and total flavonoid content was 0.11 - 1.58 mg QE/g extract. HPTLC analysis revealed that scopoletin content in Noni was in the range of 0.44 - 0.51%. The results were also corresponding well with LC-HRMS fingerprint analysis. In addition, Noni fruit extract from Bogor potential exhibited activity in inhibiting ACE with an IC50 value of 206.26 µg/mL.

Fusarium oxysporum is an important disease that causes wilt disease in plants. Fungal pathogen control using synthetic fungicides can cause negative impacts on the environment. Morinda citrifolia is one of the herbs that is known for many benefits. M. citrifolia leaf contains anthraquinone which have potential as antifungal agents. In this study, in vitro anti-fungal assay was conducted against F. oxysporum to analyze the antifungal activity of ethanol extract of M. citrifolia leaves. In vitro evaluation was carried out using poisoned food technique at four different concentrations i.e., 20%, 40%, 60% and 80%. The results showed concentration 60% gave the highest inhibitory effect (21,82%) on F. oxysporum mycelium growth.

Gentamicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used in the treatment of gram-negative bacterial infections. However, its prolonged use is limited due to a high risk of nephrotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of a lipid transfer protein isolated from Morinda citrifolia L., Rubiaceae, seeds against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats, and in a proximal tubular epithelial cell line from Rhesus monkey (LLC-MK2). Treatment with 6.25–25 μg/ml of the protein protected cells against cytotoxicity induced by 2 mM gentamicin. In the in vivo study, protein treatment (8 mg/kg, orally administered daily for 7 days 2 h after intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg gentamicin) improved the levels of creatinine, urea, and uric acid. Additionally, it alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation induced by gentamicin, including a reduction in myeloperoxidase activity and cytokine modulation. Data were corroborated with histological analysis showing attenuated alterations by protein treatment. These findings suggest that this protein protects against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. In addition, this natural product may be as an adjunctive tool to reduce kidney toxicity and improve the clinical usage profile of gentamicin.

Morinda citrifolia as the names suggests it is generally grown or harvested for fruits and the distribution of chemical constituents are also in other parts of the plants. The plant is native of South Asian countries and Western American lands in the pacific region. This plant has generally been used as a culinary vegetable and an edible fruit too and also considered as a natural immune booster and health enhancers. The plant was extracted to give most of the chemical constituents that possess anti-inflammatory, hypotensive, anti-tumour, antifungal, antiviral and anthelminthic activities. There had been significant uses that industries also employ as insecticidal agents and as chemical agents and catalyst. In this review, the details about the events, applications and studies that are performed on the plant were discussed.

Noni fruit (Morinda citrifolia L) is one of the natural ingredients commonly used as traditional medicine to overcome various diseases, such as cancer. Noni fruit contains anthraquinone and coumarin which have anticancer effects. This study aims to determine the cytotoxic effects of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol extract of noni fruit and to determine the presence of anthraquinone and coumarin in the extract. Extraction was carried out by maceration method using n-hexane, followed by ethyl acetate and ethanol. The cytotoxic activity on T47D cells was carried out by the MTT method. The presence of anthraquinone and coumarin was identified using thin layer chromatography (TLC). Results showed that n-hexane extract had moderate cytotoxic effect on T47D cells with IC50 value of 582.13 ± 61.64 µg/mL, while the ethanol and ethyl acetate extract did not have cytotoxic effect on T47D cells. TLC results indicated that n-hexane extract of noni fruit contains anthraquinone and coumarin.

Indian systems of medicine and alternative medical systems were very successful with the use and incorporation of herbs to treat diseases. The scientific evidence was not established in the traditional claims of the herbs. In this review extensive segregation of the research work that had been performed on the plant Morinda tinctoria is done. The Pharmacological activities, Phytochemical work and pharmacogostical work that was performed on the plant had been reviewed and documented in this paper.

Morindacitrifolia is a medicinal plant has been long used as traditional medicine and food ingredients. The plant bioactivity as a drug is related to its secondary metabolites. The writing of the article is based on a review to scientific published online or offline of the journals and books. In the Indonesian homegarden, the MC most found and cultivated as traditional medicinal. The fruit of MC has been commercialized as a health drink, but the anthraquinone content used as an indicator its security. The bioactivity of MC is antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-cancer, immunomodulatory, increasing central nervous system activity, anti-psychotic, antihepatitic and hepatoprotective. The 6-O- (b-D-glucopyranosyl) -1-O-octanoyl-b-D-glucopyranose and asperulosidic acid have anti-cancer activity, while pheophorbide a and pyropheophorbide a have anti-hepatitis activity.

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) leaf extract as corrosion inhibitor for steel-reinforced concrete exposed to saline environment. Chloride ingress in concrete structures exposed to saline environment that leads to corrosion of steel reinforcement is prevalent in many countries including the Philippines. The use of toxic organic and inorganic compounds as corrosion inhibitors is regulated in many countries due to detrimental effects on the environment. Thus, the development of green and eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor alternatives such as those derived from biodegradable plant materials is necessary. This study hypothesized that a sample concrete amended with Noni leaf extract (0.08, 0.17, 0.25, 0.33, and 0.42%) is better than ordinary Portland concrete cement as control (0%). Compression testing, colorimetric method, and steel reinforcement corrosion testing were used to measure the compressive strength, chloride penetration resistance, and corrosion rates, respectively. Results revealed that the application of > 0.33% Noni leaf extract improved the chloride penetration resistance of the concrete by 30–33% and reduced the corrosion rate on steel reinforcement by 57–59% without affecting the compressive strength of the concrete. Noni leaf extract concentration of 0.42% exhibited combined optimum compressive strength improvement, chloride penetration resistance, and corrosion inhibition. These results show that Noni leaf extract > 0.33% can protect the steel-reinforced concrete structure against corrosion in 3% sodium chloride test media under laboratory condition. This is the first report of using Noni leaf extract admixed in concrete for the protection of steel reinforcement against corrosion.

Noni is a plant that has the potential to be used as traditional medicinal ingredients. This study aims to determine the inhibition of noni extracts (Morinda citrifolia L.) in inhibiting the growth of the fungus Candida albicans. This type of research is experimental. A total of 150 grams of dried noni fruit that has been mashed, macerated with three different types of solvents namely aquades, acetone and n-hexane to obtain thick extract. Preparation of the fungus suspension was Candida albicans made by mixing the media Nutrient Broth with 5 ose test fungus that were equated with turbidity of a standard MC. Farland. The fungus suspension made was implanted on the Sabouroud Dextrose agar to solidify and divided into 7 sterile petri dishes. Testing the inhibition of fungi using the method of wells. Each cup is made of 1 hole diameter of 3 cm in the center. Tests were carried out by adding non-solvent aquades fruit extract into the 1 cup, acetone noni fruit extract into the cup 2, n-hexane solvent noni fruit extract into the cup 3, for 3 other plates added with three solvents as negative control, while for 1 cup added to the cup fungal infection drug is nystatin as a positive control, each as much as 1 mL. Measurement data were analyzed using the formula of the percentage of inhibition. Inhibitory power of noni fruit extract using distilled water is 3.55%, noni fruit extract using acetone solvent is 50.15%, noni fruit extract using n-hexane solvent that is equal to 38.83%. negative control of aquades, acetone and n-hexane solvent has no inhibitory power while positive control of nystatin is 9.73%. Noni fruit extract using acetone solvent has the strongest inhibitory ability. It can be concluded that the noni fruit extract has fungal inhibitory effect on the growth of the fungus Candida albicans

The science of life is the basic meaning of Ayurveda. As like any other medical system, success of treatment also depends upon quality of medicine prescribed to the patient. Standardization of Ayurvedic drugs at various levels starting from the selection and collection of raw materials till the final product. It is essential to produce a safe and efficacious formulation for the needy patients. Preparation of granules is one of modified form of Ghana (solid preparation of herbal extract) and Khanda Kalpana (Solid preparation simi-lar to granules). Present study has elaborated formulation of noni granules with analytical studies conduct-ed as mentioned in Ayurvedic Pharmacopia of India. Noni is the common name of the drug Morinda citri-folia L. and is also called as Indian mulberry. It has been used widely as a complementary and alternative therapy owing to its potent antioxidant property and proven health benefits. As every part of noni plant is useful, it is widely used as Antioxidant, Immunostimulant, Immunomodulant, Analgesic, Antiarthritic, An-tipyretic, Antirheumatic, Antitumours, Antispasmodic, Depurative, Diuretic, Antiemetic, Hypotensive, Fungiscide, Laxative, Litholytic, Sedative, Stomachic. The aim of the study is to form noni granules from noni fruit juice by adding adjuvants in order to improve its palatability and shelf life. The prepared gran-ules have shown good palatability and increased shelf life

Background The root of Morinda officinalis How. (MO, the family of Rubiaceae) has long been used to treat inflammatory diseases in China and other eastern Asian countries, and iridoid glycosides extracted from MO (MOIG) are believed to contribute to this anti-inflammatory effect. However, the mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities of MOIG has not been elucidated. The aim of the present study was to determine how MOIG exerted anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects in vivo and in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Methods MOIG were enriched by XDA-1 macroporous resin. The maximum feasible dose method was adopted to evaluate its acute toxicity. The analgesic effect of MOIG was evaluated by acetic acid writhing test and the anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated by cotton-pellet granuloma test in rats and air pouch granuloma test in mice. The anti-arthritic effect was evaluated by establishing an adjuvant arthritis model induced by Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA). The viability of the cultured RAW 264.7 macrophages was assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by measuring NO, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The protein level of inflammatory responsive genes was evaluated by Western blot analysis. Results MOIG had no significant toxicity at maximum feasible dose of 22.5 g/kg. MO extracts and MOIG (50,100 and 200 mg/kg) all evoked a significantly inhibitory effects on the frequency of twisting induced by acetic acid in mice compared with the model control group. Administration of MO extracts and MOIG markedly decreased the dry and wet weight of cotton pellet granuloma in rats and air pouch granuloma in mice. MOIG significantly attenuated the paw swelling and decreased the arthritic score, weight loss, spleen index, and the serum level of inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17a in CFA-induced arthritic rats. MOIG inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, and the expressions of iNOS, COX-2 and proteins related to MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Conclusion MOIG exerted anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities through inactivating MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, and this finding may provide a sound experimental basis for the clinical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with MOIG.

Morinda citrifolia has aroused the interest of several research institutions due to its pharmacological properties. The compounds biosynthesized can be explored as an alternative for control measures of plant pathogens causing leaf lesions in maize. The study aim at evaluating the potential effects of essential oil obtained from ripe fruits of M. citrifolia on Bipolaris maydis and Exserohilum turcicum isolated from maize plants. Ripe fruits were subjected to extraction of essential oil by hydrodistillation method and chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The yield of essential oil was 0.17% (v/w), and the main constituents identified were octanoic acid constitutes 82.2%, hexanoic acid 8.3%, 3-methylbutyl octanoate 4.2%, and ethyl etanoate 2.5%. Mycelial growth control in vitro and in vivo of B. maydis and E. turcicum spots diseases in maize plants was evaluated and the fruit of M. citrifolia was found to have potential essential oil with fungicidal activity at concentration 0.25%. With area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values lower than those observed in treatments with fungicide, the preventive control of leaf spot in B. maydis plants using essential oil of M. citrifolia showed biological activities and therefore a source of molecules to be exploited that can minimize the severity of diseases. Key words: Bipolaris maydis, Exserohilum turcicum, fungitoxicity, phytopathogenic, Zea mays.

The biological process of Wound healing comprises the trauma and pathologic condition of the oral mucosa.For this requires proper management so the wound heal faster and without any complication.The strong indicator of wound healing is the increase in number of fibroblast cells in the oral mucosa. The remodelling phase of wound healing shows decreasing fibroblast cell proliferation and then collagen fibres are synthesized. Noni plant have tremendous medicinal uses, by observing this fact Noni leaf (Morinda citrifolia L.), a part of the noni plant, was successfully used in present research to make ointments to heal soft tissue in wounds. The leaves of Morinda have potential chemical compounds such as glycosides, sterol, amino acids and scopletin that may be useful in the wound repair process. In addition to this Morinda citrifolia leaf contains active substances such as saponin, tannin, polyphenol flavonoid, and triterpen. The purpose of this research is to discover the activeness of the Morinda citrifolia leaves extracts in normal solvent such as ethanol to make ointments in order to arrest the growth of the bacteria.[1] By using macernation extract of morinda leaves done successfully, ointment made and done the evalution test such as spreadibilty, diffusion study, washability and very important antimicrobial test. The entire test gives corresponding good result, so the present research showing good response to healing mechanism of wounds.

The influences of different extraction methods on the yields, physicochemical properties, antioxidant activities and antiproliferative abilities of polysaccharides from Morinda citrifolia L. (Noni) were investigated and compared. Three extraction methods were applied to extract Noni polysaccharides (NP), which include hot water extraction (HWE), pulsed electric field-assisted extraction (PEFAE) and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE). The extraction yields, sugar contents, uronic acid contents, molecular weights, monosaccharide proportions, antioxidant activities and antiproliferative abilities of three NP samples were significantly different. However, their preliminary structural characteristics and monosaccharide types were similar. More specifically, UAE-NP had the highest extraction yield, the smallest molecular weight and the best antioxidant activities. Especially, UAE-NP showed excellent antiproliferative abilities. Compared with HWE-NP and PEFAE-NP, the IC50 value of UAE-NP on HepG2 cells reduced by 45.45% and 33.14%, respectively. The highest antioxidant activities of the UAE-NP might be attributed to its smaller molecular weight, lower Gal content and higher Fuc content. The strongest antiproliferative effects of the UAE-NP might be related to the low molecular weight. Overall, UAE could be a potential technique for the extraction of high-quality NP due to its high yield, high efficiency and notable bioactivities.

Pot trials were conducted to determine the efficacy of incorporating fresh leaves of Morinda citrifolia, Lantana camara and Palm pressed fiber into soil, to manage Meloidogyne incognita, infecting ...

Noni juice is a globally popular health beverage originating in the tropics and used since long in traditional medicines in certain areas around the globe. A review published that noni juice may provide protection against tobacco smoke-induced DNA damage, blood lipid and homocysteine elevation as well as systemic inflammation. Morinda citrifolia contains phytochemicals that own antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antitumor, anthelminthic, analgesic, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory, immune enhancing effects, improve joint health, increase physical endurance, increase immune activity, inhibit glycation of proteins, aid weight management, help maintain bone health in women, help maintain normal blood pressure and improve gum health. It has comparatively more antioxidant property. It has very good interaction with the immune system. Fruits, seeds, barks, leaves and flowers have good therapeutical values; out of which fruits are more important therapeutically. Keywords: antioxidant, clinical trial, immune system, inflammation, Morinda citrifolia , noni juice Cite this Article Zeel K. Shah. Review on Morinda citrifolia L.—Noni Juice. Research & Reviews: A Journal of Pharmacognosy . 2020; 7(1): 55–60p.

Aim: To investigate the early growth response of Morinda citrifolia to varying levels of Aleshinloye compost and N:P:K 15:15:15 in a degraded Alfisol in a tropical Nigerian environmental condition. Study Design: The study was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with twelve (12) treatments replicated six (6) times with a total of seventy two (72) experimental units. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the greenhouse of Soil and tree Nutrition department of the Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria Ibadan (FRIN) and it lasted for a period of 6 month. Methodology: Degraded top soil used for the experiment was collected within FRIN arboretum. The soil was air dried and passed through a 2 mm diameter sieve before being filled into polythene pots of 15 cm x 20 cm dimension having a 3 kg soil capacity. The organic fertilizer was applied at 4 weeks before transplanting while the inorganic fertilizer was applied at 2 weeks after transplanting and pre-germinated seedlings of Noni were transplanted at four leaves stage. The data collected include Stem Girth (mm), plant height (cm) and Number of leaves starting from 30 Days After Transplanting (DAT). Results: The result revealed that the soil sample used for this study had pH value of 6.06 and the total N value of 0.11%. Noni plant with treatment T11 (N:P:K 15:15:15 at 80 Kg Nha-1 + Aleshiloye compost (AC) at 80 Kg Nha-1) had the highest plant height values of 48.17, 65.67 and 77.87 cm respectively which are significantly higher (P = .05) than T1 (control) with 37.17, 47.50 and 55.33 cm respectively that are the least values observed from 120 DAT to 180 DAT. The Plant Dry Matter (PDM) for leaves, stem and root (3.593, 2.720 and 4.220 g/plant) respectively from the control (T1) plant was the least when compared to every other treatment in the study. Conclusion: The use of composted manure in combination with N:P:K 15:15:15 ensured early and continuous supply of nutrient with resultant higher growth performance of Noni over a period of six months as shown in the study.

This study identified the phytoconstituents, and evaluated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing activities of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) leaf extract. Results showed that Noni leave...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of noni (Morinda citrifolia) leaf shoot meal (NLSM) supplementation in the ration on the performances of kampong chickens as well as lipid, malondialdehyde (MDA), and fatty acid contents of meats. Two hundred and forty kampong chickens of 4 weeks old were reared until 12 weeks old. The diet treatments were R0: 0% NLSM (control), R1: 0.5% NLSM, R2: 1% NLSM, R3: 1.5% NLSM, R4: 2% NLSM, and R5: 2.5% NLSM. A completely randomized design (CRD) was used with six treatments and four replications with ten kampong chickens per replicate. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and if there were significant different, the data were further analyzed using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The variables measured were performances of kampong chickens as well as lipid, MDA, and fatty acid contents of meat. The result showed that cholesterol and LDL contents of meat were significantly reduced by feeding NLSM. Performance and HDL contents of meat were not significantly different for all diet treatments. In addition, feeding kampong chickens with ration supplemented with NLSM could reduce MDA, saturated fatty acids and increase unsaturated fatty acids contents of meat. It is concluded that 2.5% NLSM can be used to improve meat quality of kampong chicken as functional meat.

The fruit of the Morinda citrifolia species popularly known as “noni” has been widely used in folk medicine for diverse therapeutic purposes including in the treatment of infectious diseases. Given...

Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit is highly evaluated as an important herb with a good source of natural antioxidant against various ailments as well as maintain overall good health. It’s normally disposed due to unpleasant aroma from the ripened fruit. There is limited literature mentioned to the decomposition of this valuable fruit during thermal processing. Hence this reseach aimed to evaluate the possible degradation of total phenolic (mg GAE/100 g), total flavonoid (mg QE/100 g), DPPH radical-scavenging ability (mM TE/100 g), FRAP ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (mM TE/100 g) in raw, dried and roasted noni pulp tea. The highest contents of functional constituents and antioxidant capacity were noticed in the raw sample; meanwhile decreased dramatically in the roasted one. However, degradation of noni flavonol glycosides during roasting could produce aglycone metabolites, which in turn, may lead to increased bioavailability. Owing to degradation of phytochemical and antioxidant ability by harsh thermal treatment, it’s necessary to be careful in drying and roasting to limit detrimental effect in herbal noni tea production.

An extract of noni (Morinda citrifolia) fruits has shown potent inhibitory activity on gut bacterial β-glucuronidase, which could help reduce irinotecan-induced diarrhea. In this study, four bacterial β-glucuronidase inhibitors were obtained following bioactive assay-guided isolation, including two sesquineolignans, (7S,8S,7′R,8′R)-isoamericanol B (1) and americanol B (2), and two dineolignans, moricitrins A (3) and B (4). Compounds 2–4 are new, and the absolute configuration of compound 1 was determined for the first time. Their chemical structures were elucidated through HRESIMS and NMR spectra, and their absolute configurations were established via the comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectra. These compounds showed potent inhibition against gut bacterial β-glucuronidase with IC50 values in the range 0.62–6.91 μM. The inhibition presented specificity for β-glucuronidase, as all the compounds showed no or weak effects on digestive enzymes such as α-amylase, α-g...