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Orientador: Gláucia Maria Pastore Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos Resumo: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi efetuar estudos de biotransformação de monoterpenos para a obtenção de compostos de aromas naturais, ou bioaromas, enfatizando os processos bioquímicos envolvidos nos procedimentos empregados para possíveis aplicações industriais. Assim, o estudo se iniciou com 70 linhagens, isoladas em uma planta de processamento de suco de laranja e selecionadas em um estudo prévio pois mostraramse capazes de utilizar este R-(+)-limoneno como única fonte de carbono. Estes microorganismos foram testados quanto a sua capacidade de biotransformar este monoterpeno em compostos de aroma. Dentre todas as linhagens potencialmente degradantes do R- (+)-limoneno, apenas a linhagem LB285JLB mostrou acúmulo significativo de metabólito de interesse em concentração que justifique estudos de otimização. A seguir, o método de Superfície de Resposta foi empregado para otimizar os principais parâmetros do processo de produção de biomassa desta linhagem, utilizando glicerol como fonte de carbono. Dentre os parâmetros analisados, três (concentração de substrato, temperatura e agitação) influenciaram significativamente (p < 0,10) a produção de biomassa da linhagem LB285JLB, dentro das faixas estudadas. A otimização dessas variáveis por um Delineamento Composto Central Rotacional revelou que as condições ótimas para a fermentação foram 6-9 g.L-1 de glicerol, temperatura entre 35-40 °C e agitação de 230 a 300 rpm. Finalmente, estudos preliminares de prospecção do potencial dos microorganismos endofíticos isolados do Baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.), visando o desenvolvimento de processos biotecnológicos de interesse industrial. Até o presente momento os trabalhos conduzidos demonstraram que as linhagens endofíticas podem ter aplicação potencial em processos de produção de bioaromas a partir da biotransformação de monoterpenos, juntamente com a co-produção de enzimas. Esses resultados abrem precedentes para que novas pesquisas sejam consideradas a fim de determinar o potencial deste nicho de micro-organismos Abstract: The objective of the present work was to study the biotransformation of monoterpenes to obtain natural flavor compounds (bioflavors), focusing the biochemical processes involved in the procedures investigated for possible industrial applications. Therefore, the study started with 70 strains, isolated in a previous study from a citrus processing plant and capable of use R-(+)-limonene as sole carbon and energy source. These microorganisms were tested for their ability to biotransform this monoterpene on flavor compounds. Among the strains potentially degrading of R-(+)-limonene, just the strain LB285JLB showed significant accumulation of interest metabolite concentration which could justify optimization studies. Subsequently, the Response Surface Methodology was employed to optimize the main parameters of the process of LB285JLB biomass production, using glycerol as carbon source. Only three (glycerol concentration, temperature and agitation) of all parameters tested influenced significantly (p < 0.1) the biomass production. TheT optimization of these variables applying a Central Composite Design revealed that the optimal biotrasformation conditions were 6-9g.L-1, 35-40 °C and 230-300 rpm. Finally, preliminary propection studies evaluating the potential of endophytes isolated from Baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.), for the development of biotechnological processes of industrial interest. To date, the studies conducted have shown that endophytic microorganisms may have potential application in biotransformation process for bioflavors production, and also should be considered with process of enzymes co-production. These results encourages that further researchs should be considered to determine the potential of these microorganisms Mestrado Mestre em Ciência de Alimentos

Agradecimentos: Authors acknowledge National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq, Process numbers 473981/2012-2; 460897/2014-4 and 400411/2016-4), São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, grant number 2016/21619-7) and "Fundação de Amparo à pesquisa de Minas Gerais" (Fapemig, Process number APQ-01056-17) for the financial support. This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001 and PROEX/CAPES 23038.000795/2018-61 Abstract: The biotransformation of R-(+)-limonene into high concentrations of R-(+)-a-terpineol by Sphingobium sp. was investigated in order to optimize the main process variables (pH, biocatalyst concentration, substrate concentration, temperature and agitation). This strategy comprised the screening of variables by a Plackett-Burman design followed by a Central Composite Design. The statistical analysis showed that the optimal a-terpineol production were at 28 °C and pH 7.0, with a limonene concentration of 350 g/L of organic phase agitation of 200 rpm and a biocatalyst concentration of 2.8 g/L of aqueous phase (OD600 = 8). Further trials showed that the R-(+)-a-terpineol concentration was higher (240 g/L after 96 h) when using a ratio of 1:3 (v.v-1) of organic:aqueous phases. However, the total production and yield (in terms of biomass) of a-terpineol would be maximized for an aqueous:organic ratio of 1:1. The experimental design optimization adopted herein was an effective tool for this type of study CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQ COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPES FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS - FAPEMIG FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP Fechado

Agradecimentos: Authors acknowledge the funding agencies Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq - Process number 460897/2014-4; 140513/2016-7), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP - Process number 2013/18390-0), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (Fapemig - Process number CAG - APQ-01056-17) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes) Abstract: Nowadays, food, cosmetic, environmental and pharmaceutical fields are searching for alternative processes to obtain their major products in a more sustainable way. This fact is related to the increasing demand from the consumer market for natural products to substitute synthetic additives. Industrial biotechnology appears as a promising area for this purpose; however, the success of its application is highly dependent of the availability of a suitable microorganism. To overcome this drawback, the isolation of microorganisms from diverse sources, including fermented food, adverse environments, contaminated samples or agro-industrial wastes is an important approach that can provide a more adaptable strain able to be used as biocatalyst and that exhibit resistance to industrial conditions and high yields/productivities in biotechnological production of natural compounds. The aim of this review is to provide a solid set of information on the state of the art of isolation and screening studies for obtaining novel biocatalysts able to produce natural compounds, focusing in aromas, biosurfactants, polysaccharides and microbial oils FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQ COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPES FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS - FAPEMIG Fechado