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The thin films of semiconducting polymers such as poly(N-vinylcarbazole), polythiophene, polypyrrole, and polyaniline were formed by the laser chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The 355-nm laser excitation of N-vinylcarbazole deposited on a quartz substrate gave the poly(N-vinylcarba-zole) film with the molecular weight Mw=11860 (Mw/Mn=7.18). The sandwich excimer/second excimer emission ratio of the time-resolved emission spectra suggested the isotactic structure of the poly(N-vinylcarbazole) film prepared by the laser CVD. The micropatterns of the poly(N-vinylcarbazole) with the resolution of about 20μm were formed by the laser irradiation through a photomask. The laser flash photolysis of the N-vinylcarbazole showed the generation of the radical cation, which suggests the cationic polymerization mechanism. The optical band gap of polythiophene film was decreased with increasing laser excitation power.

Among torsions of the omentum, spontaneous torsion of the omentum which is not associated with any organic disease is a relatively rare entity and has been reported in only 39 cases in Japan. Recently we experienced a case of the disease which was definitively diagnosed at laparotomy with a preoperative diagnosis of acute appendicitis. A 45-year-old man was seen at the hospital because of right lower quadrant pain. With a preoperative diagnosis of acute appendicitis, a laparotomy was performed. On laparotomy, it was found that the greater omentum was twisted clockwise by 6 turns. The patient was diagnosed as spontaneous torsion of the omentum, and underwent a resection of necrosed part of the omentum and appendectomy. This disease often presents with a right lower quadrant pain and almost 80% of the cases are diagnosed as appendicitis preoperatively. The usefulness of abdominal ultrasonography and abdominal CT findigns characteristic of the disease in the preoperative diagnosis have been reported. We think that it is not always impossible to make the preoperative diagnosis of spontaneous torsion of the omentum based on those imaging findings. We should entertain the existence of the disease as a possible diagnosis for acute abdomen. This disease has a good prognosis. There has been no report that the disease caused a death.

Rechargeable cells with a sulfur cathode, a lithium anode and a nonaqueous electrolyte operating at ambient temperature have been extensively studied as a possible application of sulfur combined with nonaqueous solvent. However, the behavior of the chemical species formed by the reduction of sulfur with alkali metals in nonaqueous solvent has not yet been clarified. In this report, sulfur is reduced in tetrahydrofuran (THF) by alkali metals (M: Na, K, Li and Cs), by anthracene radical anions or by diphenylethylene dimer dianions with alkali metal counter cations mainly under the experimental condition of [S 8 ] [M] > 0.25 . The system produced by the reduction is the yellow solution consisting of polysulfide dianions (Sm2−, m > 1) and radical anions (Sn−, n > 1) which changes into a blue solution by the addition of hexamethylphosphoric triamide with a much higher polarity than THF. The influence of the kind of alkali metal, the temperature and the addition of solvents such as crown ether on the behavior of the chemical species formed are examined by ultraviolet (uv)-visual electronic spectra, electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra and Raman spectra measurements. In addition, γ-irradiation with 60Co was carried out to reduce sulfur in glassy solid 2-methyl-THF at — 196 °C. Furthermore, the reaction between the yellow solution and aliphatic bromide is investigated. As a result, it is revealed that the yellow species is S42−, the blue species is S3− and several polysulfide dianions and radial anions are in a state of equilibrium.

石灰化上皮腫に穿刺吸引細胞診が施行され, その細胞像を観察する機会をえたので報告する.症例は9歳女児で, 左眉毛の上の結節に気づいていたが増大したように感じられたため, 日之影町国民健康保険病院を受診し, 結節の穿刺吸引細胞診が施行され, 標本が中央微生物検査所に送られてきた.標本を観察した結果, 良性疾患と考えるが組織診の推定は困難であると判定したため, 結節は摘出され, 組織学的に石灰化上皮腫と診断された.細胞診標本上には, 裸核様細胞が結合性の疎な不規則な集団を形成して多数認められ, 核は円ないし類円形で大小不同は軽度であり, クロマチンは細穎粒状で均等に分布し, 明瞭な核小体を有する細胞も存在した.同時に, ライトグリーンで縁どられた, 境界の比較的明瞭な, 無構造で不透明な物質が認められた.組織像と対比した結果, 前者は好塩基性細胞, 後者は陰影細胞であろうと考えられた.

結核予防会大阪府支部では, 平成5年度の老人保健法に基づく肺癌検診で, 6,464件の喀疾細胞診が実施された.その結果, Eと判定された症例8例中, 胸部X線像に異常陰影なしと判定されていた症例は6例あり, そのうち5例は喀疾細胞診で扁平上皮癌と判定されており, 残りの1例が本症例で, 腺癌と判定された.本症例は58歳の女性で, 検診1ヵ月後に精密検査が行われた. 他院で撮影されたCTでは左肺尖部に小結節陰影が認められたが, 肺結核の既往歴があったためそれによる陰影と診断された.同時に行われた喀疾細胞診がやはり陽性であったため, 左上葉の気管支擦過細胞診および気管支肺胞洗浄細胞診が施行されたがいずれも陰性であった. その後, 喀疾細胞診は, ほぼ毎月施行されたが陰性が続いた. 検診から1年7ヵ月後, 喀疾細胞診が再び陽性と判定されたのでCTが施行され, 左肺尖部の病巣は肺癌が疑われた. 気管支擦過細胞診は陽性であり, 手術の結果, 組織学的に高分化乳頭型腺癌と診断された. 組織標本における腫瘍径は15×12mm, 術後病期はpTlN0M0であった.本症例は, 術後16ヵ月の現在も再発の徴候はなく生存中である. 本症例は腺癌の早期発見でも喀疾細胞診が有用であることを示した症例といえる.

Branced oligogermynes were prepared both by Wurtz coupling reactions of alkyl- and phenyl-trichlorogermanes with sodium metal and by the reaction of alkyltrichlorogermanes using of samarium(II) diiodide. Upon ultraviolet irradiation of oligo(phenylgermyne) in air, the germanium–germanium bond in an oligo(phenylgermyne) film changed into a digermoxane chain. The laser flash photolysis of the oligo(phenylgermyne) film showed the formation of a germyl radical as a reactive intermediate during photodegradation. The formation of germanium carbide (Ge–C) and germanium dioxide (GeO2) was observed upon a heat treatment of unirradiated and irradiated oligo(phenylgermyne) films, respectively. A relatively high-resolution GeC/GeO2 micropatterning was obtained by combining the photochemical and thermal properties of branced oligogermynes.

Fetal hepatocytes were harvested at day 20 of gestation from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and then transplanted into recipient adult SHR spleens. Morphological examination of the recipient spleens revealed that, after 4 and 10 wk, large masses of hepatocytes were present in the red pulp with apparent cord-like structures. Larger batches of hepatocytes were observed in the spleens at 10 wk after than at 4 wk after transplantation. Of major significance was the fact that hepatocyte transplanted spleens were able to express several families of cytochrome P450 (cyto P450) proteins 2–10 wk after transplantation. Immunochemical determinations revealed that cytos P450 IA1, P450 IIB1, P450 p, P450 HLp, and P450 LAto could be detected without any prior induction. All were intensely expressed 6 wk after transplantation; however, P450 IA1 and P450 IIB1 did not appear to be expressed by 2 wk after transplantation. Although cytos P450 p and P450 HLp did not appear to be expressed by 10 wk after transplantation, they were induced with dexamethasone at that time. Cyto P450 LAω and peroxisomal acyl CoA oxidase were expressed 6 wk after transplantation in a 70% hepatectomized host. These results demonstrate that fetal hepatocytes can be successfully transplanted into the spleens of recipients and that the fetal hepatocytes appear to grow and develop cyto P450 metabolizing systems.

To suppress impulse noise on lofargram, we have proposed a smoothing method using morphological opening filter on time-axis. The computer simulation results have shown effective improvements of processing gain and time-resolution as compared with that of averaging procedure. However, same frequency components will not be maintained in target signal at any time. In this case, morphological opening filter on time-axis removes the parts of the target signal in which the frequency components vary with time. It is a disadvantage of this method.In this paper, morphological opening filter using structuring element on time-frequency space is tried to smooth the lofargram. Two types of the sound data are in use to verify this method. The firsts are simulated on computer. The second data are measured in practice. The simulation results in this paper show effective improvements of processing gain. Then, the lofargram outputs of both data can visualize the target signals, the frequency components of which vary with time. We confirm that the smoothing method using the structuring element on time-frequency space outweighs the disadvantage of that on time-axis.

In this paper we make a study of Jf-weakly precompact sets A in Banach spaces. We give various characterizations of such sets by the effective use of the lifting theory, weak*-A*-dentability and a Jf-valued weak*-measurable function constructed in the case where A is non-^-weakly precompact. These results also can be regarded as generalizatio ns of corresponding ones on Pettis sets and weakly precompact sets.

乳房内に腫瘤を形成した悪性線維性組織球腫のまれな1例を経験したので, 穿刺吸引細胞所見および組織所見について報告する.症例は54歳, 女性. 1983年に左脛骨に悪性線維性組織球腫が発生し摘出手術を受け, 1987年および1989年, 左右大腿骨および背部皮下に転移巣が発見され, いずれも摘出手術を受けていた. 1991年に左乳房の腫瘤に気づき当院外科を受診した. 触診にて良性と思われたが, マンモグラフィーでは明らかな腫瘤陰影は認められず, エコーグラフィーでは良, 悪性の判定が困難であったため, 腫瘤の穿刺吸引細胞診が施行された. 標本上には, 長楕円形もしくは紡錘形の核を有する線維芽細胞様細胞が多数認められた. 少数であるが, 類円形または分葉状の核を有する組織球様細胞, 連珠状の核を有する多核細胞も認められた. 既往歴を考慮し上記細胞像より悪性線維性組織球腫の乳房内転移と推定され, 確認のために腫瘤の摘出生検が行われた. 組織所見にて悪性線維性組織球腫, 通常型と診断された. 乳房内に転移巣を発見することはまれであり, 原発性乳房内腫瘤との鑑別は治療の選択に重要である. 本症例では, 穿刺吸引細胞診が乳房内の転移巣の診断に有用であった.

Emission measurements were performed on a series of σ−π conjugated organosilicon copolymers, −[(SiMe2)mA]n− (m = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6), with alternating dimethylsilylene and π-conjugated units (A = phenylene, diphenylene, and anthranylene) in various solvents. The copolymers with m ≥ 2 exhibit a broad emission ascribable to an intramolecular charge transfer (CT) excited state resulting from the charge transfer between the dimethylsilylene and aromatic units. The solvatochromism of the emission spectra was observed for the organosilicon copolymers, where the emission maximum shifted to longer wavelength in polar solvents. The influence of the dimethylsilylene chain-length and the π-conjugated unit on the CT emission was investigated. The molecular orbital calculations on a model compound suggest that the vibronically structured emission is attributed to the π-character of the aromatic unit, and the structureless broad emission is ascribed to the σ-character of the Si−Si bond in the excited states. The emissio...

自然尿および膀胱洗浄液 (以下洗浄液) 細胞診がともに施行された膀胱の移行上皮癌患者66名のべ81例を対象として, その細胞診成績および細胞所見を比較検討した. 自然尿の陽性例は33例 (40.7%), 洗浄液の陽性例は59例 (72.8%) で, 洗浄液細胞診の方が有意に陽性率が高かった. 洗浄液において, Grade1の膀胱癌8例 (66.7%) およびGrade2の膀胱癌35例 (66.0%), 乳頭状腫瘍の48例 (70.6%) および非乳頭状腫瘍の11例 (84。6%), 浸潤癌の51例 (72.9%) および非浸潤癌の8例 (72.7%), 再発例の29例 (80.6%) がおのおの陽性であった. 他方, 自然尿においてはGrade1の膀胱癌2例 (16.7%) およびGrade2の膀胱癌16例 (30.2%), 乳頭状腫瘍の27例 (39.7%) および非乳頭状腫瘍の6例 (46.1%), 浸潤癌の30例 (42.8%) および非浸潤癌の3例 (27.3%), そして再発例の12例 (33.3%) がおのおの陽性であった. 発育様式をGrade別に分け, 自然尿および洗浄液細胞診の成績を比較すると, 乳頭状浸潤型膀胱癌Grade2において両者の陽性率に有意差が認められた. 細胞所見については, 洗浄液では多数のよく保存された細胞が出現し, また自然尿にみられる細胞より大きく, 核縁は薄く核内構造も明瞭に観察できた.

The electrochemical behaviour of the silylene-phenylene, silylene-thienylene, silylene-diphenylene and silylene-anthranylene copolymers was investigated using cyclic voltammetry. The oxidation potentials of these organosilicon copolymers decreased with increasing dimethylsilylene chain length. The change of the oxidation potential was explained by considering the σ-π conjugation between the dimethylsilylene chain and the π unit. The cyclic voltammograms of the organosilicon copolymers showed the characteristics of an irreversible system. The absorption spectra showed the degradation of the Si-Si chain of the organosilicon copolymers by electrochemical oxidation. The molecular orbitals' were calculated to discuss the σ-π conjugation state and to identify the oxidation site in the polymer chain.

Lofargram is a processing method for analyzing the temporal structure of passive sonar signals by spectral analysis. The authors have proposed to suppress the impulse noise on lofargram using morphological opening filter instead of averaging procedure which has been used generally. In our experimental results, the effective improvements of the processing gain and the time resolution have been obtained as compared with averaging procedure.However, a large amount of the calculation time of morphological opening filter occurred by the memory access bottleneck with software implementation has been an obstacle to the real-time processing. In this paper, the parallel algorithm of morphological opening filter for lofargram using the distributivity by the structuring element is proposed for the high speed calculation. This algorithm is inspected by the execution results using MIMD parallel machine. Then, the limitation of this method and the performance of the processor node for the real-time smoothing of lofargram are estimated.

We report here measurements of the photo-luminescence spectra and the time response of the σ-conjugated polymer, poly(methylphenylsilane), film at 2 K. The site-selective luminescence and the time response are discussed in terms of the exciton band model and localized states in disordered system.

Fetal hepatocytes were harvested at 20 days of gestation from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and then transplanted into recipient adult SHR spleens. Morphological examination of the recipient spleens revealed that after 4 weeks, large masses of hepatocytes were present in the red pulp, as well as cord-like structures. Immunochemical determinations revealed that cytochrome P450 IVA1 (cytochrome P450 LAω) could be detected without any prior induction. Cytochrome P450 LAω was detected in fetal hepatocyte microsomes from the spleens 6 weeks after fetal hepatocyte transplantation. Cytochrome P450 LAω and peroxisomal acyl CoA oxidase were expressed 6 weeks after transplantation in a 70% hepatectomized host. These results demonstrate that fetal hepatocytes can be successfully transplanted to the spleens of recipient hosts, and that fetal hepatocytes appear to grow and develop functional cytochrome P450 metabolizing systems.

Poly(phenylsilyne) and poly(phenylgermyne), which have a network Si- and Ge-skeleton, were synthesized by electrochemical reduction of trichlorophenylsilane and trichlorophenylgermane, respectively. The poly(phenylsilyne) showed broad absorption and emission bands that are characteristic of silicon network polymers. Similarly broad absorption and emission bands were observed for the poly(phenylgermyne). Radical anions and radical cations of poly(phenylsilyne) and poly(phenylgermyne) were produced by pulse radiolysis. The radical ions of these network polymers showed broad transient absorption bands from the UV to the IR region. Within 200 ns after pulse radiolysis, the absorption band of the radical cation in the UV region decreased, whereas the band in the IR region increased. The time-dependent spectral change of the radical cation suggests the formation of a change resonance band of the delocalized positive charge on the σ-conjugated polymer chain. In contrast to the radical cation, the radical anion of the network polymers did not show a spectral change.

High‐resolution micropatterning of SiC/SiO2 was achieved by combining the photochemical and thermal properties of poly(phenylsilyne) having Si‐network structure. The laser flash photolysis of poly(phenylsilyne) film showed the formation of silyl radical as an intermediate during photodegradation. The XPS spectrum of the Si—Si chain changed into that of the siloxane chain by photo‐oxidation in air. FT‐IR spectra showed the formation of SiC and SiO2 by the heat treatment of unirradiated and irradiated poly(phenylsilyne) films, respectively. SiC/SiO2 micropatterning was obtained by the heat treatment of poly(phenylsilyne) film after ultraviolet irradiation with a photomask.

Silylene-phenylene and silylene-thienylene copolymers were prepared by the reactions of α,ω-dichloropermethylated oligosilanes with 1,4-dilithiobenzene and 2,5-dilithiothiophene respectively. All the copolymers were soluble in a wide range of organic solvents. The influence of the chain length of the dimethylsilylene unit in the copolymer backbone on the electronic absorption spectra was investigated. The enhancement of σ-π conjugations between the dimethylsilylene units and the π-conjugated units with increasing dimethylsilylene chain length was suggested by the thermochromism.

Background Abnormal cardiac uptake of 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) is a diagnostic marker of Lewy body diseases (LBDs), e.g., Parkinson’s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Planar imaging is generally used to assess cardiac sympathetic dysfunction in 123I-MIBG scintigraphy; however, its clinical utility requires further improvement. We hypothesized that the co-registration of single-photon emission tomography (SPECT) and computed tomography (CT) images would improve the diagnostic accuracy of 123I-MIBG cardiac scintigraphy for LBDs. This study sought to evaluate the effects of SPECT/CT imaging on 123I-MIBG cardiac scintigraphy for diagnosing LBDs. Methods We retrospectively investigated data of 54 patients (consecutive 18 patients in each PD, DLB, and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus [iNPH] groups) who underwent 123I-MIBG cardiac scintigraphy (planar and SPECT/CT) because of suspected LBDs at the Tohoku University hospital from June 2012 to June 2015. We compared the diagnostic accuracies of the conventional planar 123I-MIBG method and SPECT/CT methods (manual and semi-automatic). Results In the conventional planar analysis, 123I-MIBG uptake decreased only in the DLB group compared with the iNPH group. In contrast, the SPECT/CT analysis revealed significantly lower 123I-MIBG uptake in both the PD and DLB groups compared with the iNPH group. Furthermore, a receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that both the manual and semi-automatic SPECT/CT methods were superior to the conventional planar method in differentiating the 3 disorders. Conclusions SPECT/CT 123I-MIBG cardiac scintigraphy can detect mild cardiac sympathetic dysfunction in LDBs. Our results suggest that the SPECT/CT technique improves diagnostic accuracy for LBDs.

We report the use of an ultrasonically powered instrument (CUSA) for laparoscopic surgery. A total of 105 patients underwent laparoscopic or laparoscopic assisted surgical procedures. Ninety-one laparoscopic cholecystectomies (LC), 9 laparoscopic appendectomies (LA), 3 laparoscopic colon resections (LCR), and 2 laparoscopic partial gastrectomies (LPG) were done using CUSA. In LC, CUSA separates the areolar connective tissue between gallbladder and liver bed without dividing any sizable vessels or injuring the liver. In LA, LCR, and LPG, CUSA makes mesenteric vessel identification and division rapid and safe. We concluded that CUSA is useful for laparoscopic surgery.

大阪肺癌集検研究班では, 1981年より胸部X線撮影と喀痰細胞診による肺癌検診を実施しているが, 1990年までの10年間に, 喀痰細胞診でDあるいはEと判定された症例の, 精検および追跡調査の結果について報告する. 喀痰を提出した高危険群所属者は, 男女合計16,992人で, 有効喀痰は16,795人が提出した. 要精検者は402例, 原発性肺癌患者は28例であり, したがって陽性反応適中率は6.97%となった. 要精検者のうち判定D群は53例で, 発見された肺癌患者は14例, 陽性反応適中率は26.42%であった. 一方, 判定E群は14例で, 発見された肺癌患者は9例, 陽性反応適中率は64.29%であった. 臨床病期1期肺癌の比率は, 判定D群14例中12例85.7%と, 判定E群6例中2例33.3%よりかなり高かった. また, 判定D群14例中10例は喀痰細胞診単独発見例であり, すべて臨床病期1期であった. 肺癌または喉頭癌以外の判定D群37例, 判定E群3例を追跡し, 5年以上追跡しえた判定D群の16例, 判定E群の2例からは肺癌を発見しえず, Eと判定した2例はfalse positiveと考えられた

We report on a patient with a gastric leiomyosarcoma that had a giant cystic component and very high levels of ferritin in serum and cystic content. A 38-year-old man presented with an upper abdominal mass. Upper gastrointestinal series and gastroscopy revealed a submucosal tumor showing central retraction in the upper part of the stomach. Abdominal computed tomography as well as ultrasonography showed the tumor as a huge cyst with multiple septa. Selective arteriography demonstrated a tumor of the stomach. Histological examination suggested a highly malignant leiomyosarcoma, extending beyond the stomach, the serum ferritin level was very high: 307.8 ng/ml in serum and 22,800 ng/ml in the cystic content. This has, to our knowledge, not been reported before.

The nature of the Japanese favorite songs becomes to be gradually clear by the recent research works. In the subject of these research works, “Tonality and Tonic (key note)” of the music (T & T) has been attracted a great deal of attention as an important index to determine the character of music. This paper deals with tonal structure recognition method of Japanese favorite songs using information about pitch name and time-duration that appear on musical score (sample data 2, 777 pieces, 274, 737 notes). As a result, the remarkable characters were found. For example, T & T can be recognized with approximately 90 % accuracy by statistical pitch information of the music score. The time-duration dose not play an important role to infer the T & T.

This paper describes a practical method of a new type of an acoustic receiver using the co-sensor with no vibration sensor in order to decrease the influence of the equi-status noise (NMN : normal mode noise). The co-sensor is physically arranged close to the acoustic sensor as a counter measure for the noise circumstances. The acoustic signal is only received by the acoustic sensor and NMN is separately detected by both the acoustic sensor and the co-sensor. Then the recieved noise can be eliminated or canceled without the phase processing. From the experimental results using this method, SNR (signal noise ratio) increases around 35dB in the air 13dB under the water respectively.

大阪肺癌集検研究班が, 1981-1990年の10年間に行った肺癌検診において, 高危険群所属者22,753人 (受診者の24.5%) に喀痰容器が配布されたが, 回収率は87.3%, 有効検体率は98.7%であった. 精検は76人 (0.4%) で, 精検受診率は98.7%, 精検完了率は96.0%であった.高危険群所属者で, 喀痰細胞診により発見された肺癌は29人 (中心型扁平上皮癌は21人) で, このうち喀痰細胞診のみによる発見は15人 (中心型扁平上皮癌は13人) であった. 中心型扁平上皮癌の, 経年受診7人中6人, その他の受診14人中9人が臨床病期1期であった.喀痰細胞診により発見された肺癌の切除率は48.3%, 絶対的治癒切除率は27.6%であった. 1981-1983年, 1984-1986年, 1987-1990年の3時期にわけて男性中心型扁平上皮癌の標準化発見比を算出した結果, それぞれ1.595, 1.189および0.680となった.

Mesenteric panniculitis is infrequently encountered. It is nonspecific inflammatory process involving the adipose tissue of the mesentery. A 65-year-old man presented with a lower abdominal pain. Physical examination at admission showed a diffuse tenderness with Blumberg's sign entire the abdomen and a soft mass was palpated in the left upper quadrant. Echographic study and computerized tomography showed a low density area with a cystic component in the jejunal mesentery. Blood laboratory studies showed 15, 500/mm3 of leucocytes and 14.4mg/dl of CRP. An emergency operation was performed with an acute panperitonitis. The mesentery of the jejunal region was thickened, rubbery, and consisted of several pearly gray-to-pink masses building through the adherent serosa with a perforated cystic component. A part of the jejunum was resected with the inflammed mesentery. Pathologically the resected specimen was diagnosed as mesenteric panniculitis of the small bowel.

UV-induced wrinkle formation owing to the degeneration of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a major dermatological problem in which abnormal activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and elastases have important roles. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) has cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we examined the effect of HSP70 expression on UV-induced wrinkle formation. Mild heat treatment (exposure to heated water at 42 °C) of the dorsal skin of hairless mice induced the expression of HSP70. The long-term repeated exposure to UV induced epidermal hyperplasia, decreased skin elasticity, degeneration of ECM, and wrinkle formation, which could be suppressed in mice concomitantly subjected to this heat treatment. The UV-induced epidermal hyperplasia, decreased skin elasticity, and degeneration of ECM were less apparent in transgenic mice expressing HSP70 than in wild-type mice. UV-induced fibroblast cell death, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and activation of MMPs and elastase in the skin were also suppressed in the transgenic mice. This study provides evidence for an inhibitory effect of HSP70 on UV-induced wrinkle formation. The results suggest that this effect is mediated by various properties of HSP70, including its cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. We propose that HSP70 inducers used in a clinical context could prove beneficial for the prevention of UV-induced wrinkle formation.

Laparoscopic surgery for early gastric cancer has gained popularity based on its achieving the same oncological outcomes as open surgery but with better postoperative quality of life. Although there have been efforts to prove oncological safety, comprehensive evidence about laparoscopic surgery for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) remains unclear.

The ultrasonic wave solidification incision device (ultrasonically activated device, or USAD) was developed and introduced at the beginning of the 1990s [1], which has become a milestone event in the advancement of endoscopic surgery. A giant step forward in endoscopic surgery was noted with the development of the USAD, especially regarding vascular ligation and increased hemostasis. More recently, a vessel-sealing device (VSD) has been developed as another option for hemostasis.

Various aromatic chromophores were incorporated into polymer Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) multilayers as comonomers of copolymers of N -alkylacrylamides (AA). The monolayer formation of the naphthalene copolymers is investigated in detail by measurement of the surface pressure-area isotherms. The fluorescence spectra for the LB multilayers were measured as functions of the deposited layer and the alkyl chain length of AA. The excimer emission intensity increased with increasing number of deposited layers when the effective intralayer and interlayer energy transfer to the excimer forming sites is taking place. The efficiency of vertical energy transfer in the Y-type LB films for naphthalene, pyrene, carbazole and fluorene chromophores was safely judged from the increase in the excimer emission intensity as a function of the type of deposited layer in the fluorescence spectra. The limiting energy transfer distances for each chromophores are correlated with critical energy transfer distances of Forster type.

The effect of reticuloendothelial system activation on liver regeneration after 90% hepatectomy was investigated. OK-432, a killed streptococcal preparation that increases reticuloendothelial system activity, was administered to rats before 90% partial hepatectomy. Pretreated rats showed marked improvement in long-term survival: 87% (18 of 23) survived beyond 42 hr, compared with only 44.2% (24 of 52) of controls (p

胃悪性リンパ腫は胃悪性腫瘍の1%とされまれな疾患とされる.今回われわれは胃反応性リンパ細網細胞増生reactive lymphoreticular hyperplasia (RLH) との鑑別が非常に困難であり, また術前にherpes zoster脳炎も併発した興味ある症例を経験したので報告する.76歳の男性で主訴は心窩部痛, 胃X線造影, 胃内視鏡, 腹部CT検査にて胃の粘膜下腫瘍病変が発見された.生検材料における病理組織学的および免疫組織学的所見では, RLHと診断されるもlow grade malignancyの悪性リンパ腫も否定できず手術を施行した.切除標本病理の組織および免疫組織学的診断は, RLHを随伴する胃悪性リンパ腫 (diffuse lymphoma, small cell type, Bcell pheno type) であり, RLHが胃悪性リンパ腫の初期像であることを示唆する症例と考えられた.

Copolymers of N-dodecylacrylamide (DDA), which form LB multilayers, and N-vinylcarbazole (Cz) with various copolymer compositions were prepared to investigate the photophysical behavior of the carbazole chromophore in a monolayer and LB multilayers. In LB multilayers, the emission spectra changed with the number of layers deposited. The excimer emission increases in the LB multilayers of a Y-type LB structure which have a head-to-head arrangement, due to effective energy migration between Cz chromophores. Inter- and intralayer energy transfer in the LB multilayers is suggested by the increase in the excimer emission up to the deposition of six layers

In order to clarify the relation between cigarette smoking and lung cancer, a case-control study was conducted. The case series consisted of 1,376 lung cancer patients (1,082 males and 294 females) who were newly diagnosed and admitted to eight hospitals in Osaka during 1986-88. Smoking histories were compared with those of 2,230 controls (1,141 males and 1,089 females) admitted to the same hospitals during the same period without established smoking-related diseases. Odds ratios of current smoker versus nonsmoker were 18.1, 1.9, 21.4, and 3.8 for squamous, adeno, small, and large cell carcinoma, respectively, for males, and 9.7, 1.3, 12.1, 3.7, respectively, for females. Compared to the results from previous studies in Japan, the magnitude of the odds ratios for squamous and small cell carcinoma is approaching the level of Western Europe in the late 1970s. Population attributable risk of exsmokers has also been increasing to the level of Western Europe. Among male current smokers, smoking intensity, such as number of cigarettes per day or fraction smoked per cigarette, seemed to have a slightly greater influence on squamous cell carcinoma than adenocarcinoma, while factors associated with the spread of cigarette smoke, such as inhalation, seemed to have greater influence on adenocarcinoma. The difference in the distribution of these smoking characteristics between Japan and Western Europe could not fully explain the difference in lung cancer incidence and distribution of histologic types between the two areas.

顕著に記号素性錯語 (paraphasie monemique: Lecours) を呈した失語症の３例について報告した。全例左被殻出血後に失語症を呈した。発話衝動の亢進はなく，著明な無関連錯語と保読を認め，喚語に際し顕著な記号素性錯語を認めた。意識は清明であり失見当識，病態否認などを認めず，知的能力も十分保たれていた。本報告の３例では，従来記号素性錯語の発現に関与するとされていた意昧での非失語的な要因は否定されると考えられた。語彙操作において，良好に保たれた皮質機能に対し，これを統御調節する基底核などの皮質下機能の障害が記号素性錯語の発現機序に関与している可能性を指摘した。

New σ-π conjugated alternating silylene-diacetylene copolymers, –[(SiMe2)m–C≡C–C≡C]n–, m = 1, 3, 4, and 6, were synthesized by the reaction of α,ω-dichloropermethylated oligosilanes with dilithiobutadiyne, LiC≡C–C≡CLi. The IR spectra clearly indicated the presence of diyne unit in the polymer backbone. The influence of the chain length m of the dimethylsilylene unit in the –[(SiMe2)m–C≡C–C≡C]n– backbone on the optical and the electrical properties was investigated.

Gastric cancer with an extraluminal growth is infrequently encountered. This paper presents a case of gastric cancer with an extraluminal growth directly invading the lateral segment of the liver. A 59-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of epigastralgia. On physical examination a 10×5cm immovable and elastic-hard mass was palpated in the left upper abdomen. Gastric fluoroscopy and endoscopy revealed an elevated lesion with an irregular surface and gaiant ulcer in the lesser curvature involving from upper to middle body of the stomach. Computerized tomography of the abdomen showed a low density area in the lateral segment of the liver. The serum CEA level was high, 62ng/ml. The pathological finding of biopsy specimen turned out group V. When the abdominal cavity was opened, an extrasgastric tumor developing to the liver was found. Total gastrectomy with lateral segmentectomy (D2 resection) was performed. Pathologically it was extraluminally growing gastric cancer with ulcer which perforated into the liver. There were no lymph node involvement in the resected specimen.

組織学的に甲状腺癌が確認された112例に対する穿刺吸引細胞診の成績は, 陽性94例 (83.9%) であった. これに対し, 触診, 超音波検査, X線検査の診断率は, それぞれ67.9%, 58.6%, 50.0%であり, 穿刺吸引細胞診の成績が最も優れていた. 特に乳頭癌の陽性率は87.1%で, ほかの診断法に比しはるかに優れており, 触診, 超音波検査, X線検査のいずれもが癌の所見を示さず, 穿刺吸引細胞診のみが陽性であった症例が10.9%にみられた.穿刺吸引細胞診が疑陽性あるいは陰性であった症例について標本の再検討を行い, 組織所見と対比した結果, 乳頭癌で細胞判定に問題があったと考えられる症例は4例あり, 1例は核内細胞質封入体と変性空胞との鑑別に困難を感じた例であり, ほかは乳頭癌の特徴的な細胞所見が認められなかった. 組織所見に問題があったと考えられる症例は5例あり, 乳頭癌が濾胞腺腫とともに存在した例, follicular valiantを示した例があり, また腫瘍組織の石灰化の著明な例が3例みられた.濾胞癌の陽性率は25%と低く, 穿刺吸引細胞診による濾胞腺腫との鑑別はきわめて困難であ

Introduction Gastric tumors in patients affected by neurofibromatosis type 1 are usually carcinoids or stromal tumors, and rarely adenocarcinomas. Case presentation We report a case of an adenocarcinoma of the stomach in a 53-year-old Japanese man with neurofibromatosis type 1. An abdominal computed tomography scan and ultrasonography showed tumors in his liver. Gastric fibroscopy revealed a Borrmann type III tumor on his cardia that had spread to his esophagus and was highly suspicious for malignancy. Multiple biopsies showed an adenocarcinoma of the stomach, which was evaluated as gastric cancer, stage IV. Chemotherapy with TS-1 was performed. Our patient died four weeks after initial admission. Histological examination of a liver needle biopsy showed metastatic adenocarcinoma in his liver. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, high serum levels of α-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, and carbohydrate antigen 72-4, resulting from gastric adenocarcinoma, have not been reported previously in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1. We report this rare case along with a review of the literature.

The expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs), particularly HSP70, provides resistance to stressors. We recently reported that ultraviolet (UV)-induced melanin production and skin damage were suppressed in transgenic mice expressing HSP70 and that an extract of Eupatorium lindleyanum induces the expression of HSP70 in cells. Here we report the purification of eupalinolide A and B (EA and EB) from E. lindleyanum, and describe their actions as HSP-inducers. EA and EB both induced the expression of HSP70 in cells at concentrations that did not significantly affect cell viability. Treatment of cells with EA or EB activated heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), while the artificial suppression of HSF1 expression diminished the EA- or EB-mediated induction of HSP70 expression. Furthermore, EB inhibited the interaction between HSF1 and HSP90, which is known to inhibit the activity of HSF1. These findings suggest that EA and EB induce the expression of HSP70 via the activation of HSF1 by inhibiting the interaction between HSF1 and HSP90. EA and EB both induced the expression of HSP70 synergistically with other stressors. Furthermore, pre-treatment of cells with EA or EB suppressed melanin production and stressor-induced apoptosis. These effects were suppressed by the artificial suppression of HSP70 expression. In vivo, the percutaneous administration of EB induced the expression of HSP70 and suppressed UVB radiation-induced damage, inflammatory responses and melanin production in the skin. These results suggest that EA and EB could be beneficial for use in cosmetics and medicines as a consequence of their inhibitory action on UV-induced skin damage and melanin production.